En el presente trabajo de investigación se ha identificado una necesidad de mercado de la falta de tarjeta habientes en el mercado peruano bajo el contexto actual. Ambas se validan con la elaboración de diferentes métricas de compras online, el nivel de bancarización dentro del país y otros comportamientos de los usuarios peruanos. Luego de identificar esta carencia, el proyecto, en primer lugar, explora el rubro del e-commerce, el cual, tiene un crecimiento constante y rápido en los últimos años, sumado a la coyuntura actual de la pandemia, diversos estudios muestran que el comportamiento de las transacciones online se encuentra en crecimiento, y ésta práctica se convierte en una costumbre de compra de todos los usuarios del e-commerce. En segundo lugar, amplia el portafolio actual para las transacciones online, facilitándolas para personas sin tarjeta de crédito al desarrollar una nueva forma de pago eficiente y segura. Se evalúa la viabilidad del proyecto con el uso de diversas metodologías ágiles de la innovación, como el Business Model Canvas, Cadena de Valor, Experiment Board, entre otros, además de otras herramientas cualitativas y cuantitativas, como encuestas, recolección y análisis de datos secundarios. En base de los resultados obtenidos en el análisis financiero, la implementación de este proyecto es favorable, ya que propone una solución rápida y eficiente para los diferentes perfiles identificados de los clientes potenciales. Por todo lo detallado, se considera que el trabajo de investigación respecto al proyecto “Get It Now” tiene una propuesta de valor diferenciada de ser el nexo digital entre las personas y el mercado peruano de los e-commerce. A la vez es muy atractivo para los inversionistas, porque maximiza los márgenes de las ganancias. / In the present research work, a market need for the lack of cardholders in the Peruvian market has been identified below the current context. Both are validated with the development of different online purchasing metrics, the level of banking within the country and other behaviors of Peruvian users. After identifying this deficiency, the research work, first, explores the field of e-commerce, which, has grown constantly and rapidly in recent years, added to the current situation of the pandemic, various studies show that the behavior of online transactions is growing, and this practice becomes a buying habit for all e-commerce users. Second, it expands the current portfolio for online transactions, making it easier for people without a credit card by developing a new efficient and secure form of payment. The viability of the project is evaluated with the use of various agile innovation methodologies, such as the Business Model Canvas, Value Chain, Experiment Board, among others, in addition to other qualitative and quantitative tools, such as surveys, collection and analysis of secondary data. Based on the results obtained in the financial analysis, the implementation of this work is favorable, since it proposes a quick and efficient solution for the different profiles of potential clients identified. For all the details, it is considered that the research work regarding the “Get It Now” project has a differentiated value proposition of being the digital link between people and the Peruvian e-commerce market. At the same time, it is very attractive for investors, because it maximizes profit margins. / Trabajo de investigación

The problem of this investigation was the construction and evaluation of a score card for evaluating the field work experience in recreation. The instrument was constructed after studying nationally adopted accreditation standards, criteria, guidelines and evaluations of professional preparation programs. This investigation concludes that of twenty-five items which made up the original instrument, twenty-four remained after two evaluations by a panel of experts. A method was developed to score the instrument according to maximum score and percentage compliance score for each section of the instrument. It is the recommendation of this investigation that the score card be field tested and become part of a total score card for evaluating the professional preparation program in recreation.

The diploma thesis is notionally divided into three parts. The first literature search part deals with the electronic discharge machining. The second main part solves the problem of machining plungers (movable part of the injection mold). This part also includes a technological process including production instruction cards. There are also calculated costs of production for this diploma part. The last part compares applications of electronic discharge machining technology with applications of milling technology.

En la presente tesis se desarrolla una propuesta de mejora del proceso de otorgamiento de tarjeta de crédito vía call center, así como también la reducción de casos de suplantación de identidad de los clientes en una entidad financiera. El diagnóstico, mejora y control del proceso se soporta en la metodología BPM. Para ello se propone automatizar el proceso de identificación del cliente, establecer un procedimiento ágil de otorgamiento de tarjeta de crédito por delivery, capacitar al personal de call center y establecer indicadores de gestión que controlen el tiempo de atención desde la solicitud de la tarjeta hasta la activación de la tarjeta. Además, se proponen controles en el sistema de registro de datos del cliente, para evitar errores de digitación que se pueden convertir posteriormente en re procesos. Todo ello se ve reflejado en un proceso capaz y rápido que garantiza la disminución del 39% del costo administrativo del área de reclamos, el 63% del costo de mermas por tarjetas de crédito rezagada y el 30% del costo de reprocesos. / In this thesis a proposal is developed to improve the process of granting a credit card via call center, as well as the reduction of cases of identity theft of customers in a financial institution. The diagnosis, improvement and control of the process is supported in the BPM methodology. To this end, it is proposed to automate the customer identification process, establish a procedure for granting the credit card by delivery, train the call center personnel and establish the management indicators that control the time of service from the request of the card until Activation of the card. In addition, controls are proposed in the customer's data recording system, to avoid typing errors that can be converted later in the processes. All that can be reflected in a capable and fast process that reduces 39% of the administrative cost of the claims area, 63% of the cost of credit cards and 30% of the cost of reprocessing. / Tesis

Dans notre monde toujours plus connecté, les cartes à puce sont impliquées quotidiennementdans nos activités, que ce soit pour le paiement, le transport, le contrôle d’accès ou encore la santé.Ces cartes contiennent des informations personnelles liées aux faits et gestes de leur possesseur.Le besoin d’interpréter les données contenues dans les mémoires de ces cartes n’a jamais été aussiimportant. Cependant, sans les spécifications de l’application, il est difficile de connaître quellesinformations sont stockées dans la carte, leur emplacement précis, ou encore l’encodage utilisé.L’objectif de cette thèse est de proposer une méthode qui retrouve les informations stockéesdans les mémoires non volatile des cartes à puce. Ces informations peuvent être des dates (e.g.,date de naissance, date d’un événement) ou des informations textuelles (e.g., nom, adresse). Pourretrouver ces informations, un décodage exhaustif des données à l’aide de différentes fonctions dedécodage est possible. Malheureusement, cette technique génère de nombreux faux positifs. Unfaux positif apparaı̂t lorsqu’une fonction de décodage est appliquée sur des données qui ont étéencodées avec une fonction différente. Cette thèse s’appuie alors sur trois contributions exploitantles spécificités des cartes à puce pour éliminer ces faux positifs. La première contribution identifie lesobjets cryptographiques dans les mémoires non volatiles des cartes à puce afin de ne pas effectuer ledécodage sur ces données. Les deux autres contributions retrouvent respectivement des informationstextuelles et des dates dans ces mémoires. Afin de valider ces méthodes, elles sont chacune appliquéessur 371 mémoires de cartes à puce de la vie réelle. / In our increasingly connected world, smart cards are involved in any everyday activity, and theygather and record plenty of personal data. The need to interpret the raw data of smart card memoryhas never been stronger. However, without the knowledge of the specifications, it is difficult toretrieve what are the information stored, their location, and the encoding used to store them.The objective of this thesis is to propose a method retrieving the stored information in thenon-volatile memory of smart cards. This information include dates (e.g., birth date or event date)and textual information (e.g., name, address). In order to retrieve these information, it is possibleto perform an exhaustive decoding of the data with several decoding functions. Unfortunately,this technique generates a lot of false positives. Indeed, a false positive occurs when a decodingfunction is applied to data that have been encoded with another function. This thesis proposesthree contributions exploiting smart cards specificities to eliminate the false positives. The firstcontribution identifies cryptographic material in these non-volatile memories in order to preventthe false positives generated by the decoding of these cryptographic objects. The two otherscontributions retrieve respectively textual information and dates in these memories. In order tovalidate these methods, they are applied on 371 memory dumps of real-life smart cards.

On October 3rd, 2015, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau changed the presentation of information within mortgage disclosures such that monthly payments and upfront costs are more salient. Using proprietary bank account data, I document that after closing on the mortgage, treated consumers receiving the re-designed disclosures log in more into their liquid checking accounts, spend less on debit cards and cash, but spend more on credit cards. I argue that the more salient disclosures caused consumers to prioritize having funds to make monthly obligations. Accordingly, I find that liquidity constrained consumers reallocate more of their debit card and cash spending to credit card spending. Other channels related to underestimation of mortgage costs, financial advice, and regulatory enforcement cannot fully explain the results. The reform benefits consumers as they do not accumulate credit card charges despite making more timely mortgage payments. The results collectively demonstrate that modifying information presentation is a low-cost way to change consumers’ behaviors.

Reference samples are a vital part of the forensic analysis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) evidence. Efficient processing and analysis of these sample types are required for comparative analysis of an unknown electropherogram (EPG) and forensic databasing purposes (12). These reference samples can be derived from blood swabs or cheek swabs, the latter also being known as buccal cell swabs (20, 22, 32). Buccal cells, or epithelial cells of the oral cavity, are the preferred cell type for known samples as their collection is non-invasive and painless (20-21). Buccal cell collection devices typically consist of a swab (cotton or foam) and a filter paper, commonly FTA paper (1). FTA paper contains proprietary chemicals that lyse cell membranes upon contact, trapping and stabilizing DNA for downstream processing (21, 34). FTA paper also inhibits bacterial and viral growth and protects against damage from UV radiation, nucleases and oxidation (21, 34). Some of the benefits of using FTA cards include the ability to store the cards at ambient temperature for years (21, 35, 37) and to perform direct amplification of the samples thereby removing the need to utilize DNA extraction and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) (32, 37, 39). The EasiCollectTM (EC) and EasiCollectTM + (EC+) Buccal Sample Collection Devices (General Electric (GE) Healthcare Life Sciences, Buckinghamshire, UK) have FTA sample collection cards that contain a proprietary dye that changes color from pink to white, indicating where colorless fluids, such as saliva, were likely deposited (42). This study consisted of four phases. Phase 0 determined the optimal amplification conditions, including number of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) cycles and an appropriate capillary electrophoresis (CE) injection time for high template, single source samples obtained from FTA cards using the EC and EC+ buccal cell collection devices. Samples were obtained from EC FTA cards with a Harris 1.2-mm Uni-Core Punch and amplified using the GlobalfilerTM Express PCR Amplification Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA) using the manufacturer’s protocol with 26, 27 or 28 PCR cycles (28). Fragment separation was achieved on an ABI 3500 Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA) with 5, 15 and 25 second (s) 1.2 kiloVolt (kV) injections. Samples were analyzed on GeneMapper® ID-X v1.4 (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA) with an analytical threshold of 150 RFU (relative fluorescence units) (31). It was determined that amplification with 26 PCR cycles was optimal for high template, single source samples from FTA cards in this laboratory. The three injection times were utilized in the remaining phases and no other parameters were changed. In Phase 1 of this study, the optimal collection method for the EC+ device from various processes was assessed using the following collection variables: 1) a dry or saliva-wet swab; 2) a circular or up-down/side-to-side motion; 3) 2, 3 or 4 motions; and 4) swabbing of one or both cheeks. This resulted in a total of 24 distinct collection processes. We found that collection techniques that involved wetting the foam head of the EC+ device provided higher peak heights, improved heterozygote balance (Hb) and minimized the rate of drop-out in EPGs. When swabbing two cheeks versus one, the median peak heights increased, indicating an increase in transfer of cellular material onto the FTA surface. The motion of swabbing - circular or up-down/side-to-side - did not have an effect on the overall quality of the EPG data. During Phase 2a, the distribution of cellular material was assessed for two collection processes that involved swabbing of two cheeks with a wet swab four times; the variation among the methods being the motion (circular or up-down/side-to-side). Two punches taken surrounding the original punch assessed during Phase 1 showed similar average peak heights (i.e. ca. 3500 RFU at a 5 s injection on the ABI 3500 Genetic Analyzer) for both collection processes. No allelic drop-out was observed with either collection technique. Phase 2b compared the EPG signal of the EC and EC+ collection devices. The EC+ collection process used for this comparison involved rubbing a wet swab across two cheeks using four circular motions as this produced no allelic drop-out and fewer samples which saturated the CE laser detector. Therefore, this method provided more data for analysis. Samples from both devices produced comparable peak heights and PHRs above 0.6 with no allelic drop-out and stutter ratios below the thresholds set by the manufacturer (28). The EC+ device was found to be robust and provided full profiles using a minimalist sample collection method. However, the probability of drop-out increased as both the number of motions and the number of cheeks decreased. Based on this study, a collection using four circular motions divided between two cheeks with a wet swab is recommended with a 5 s, 1.2 kV injection on an ABI 3500 Genetic Analyzer, since full DNA profiles were obtained with balanced heterozygote loci, expected stutter ratios, and acceptable levels of minus A artifact. Further, it was determined that this recommended collection method resulted in high-fidelity DNA signal for up to three punches. Thus, the EC+ device is reliable, easy-to-use and non-invasive for the collection of buccal cells for known reference samples. A sample obtained from the area of transfer on an FTA card from the EC+ device can produce an EPG of the quality required for the comparison of known samples to an evidentiary profile as well as for input of the genotype into a national forensic database.

The information conveyed to parents on traditional report cards can be misleading. Although the use of the letter grade system has been in place for more than a century, these grades do not give parents the information they need in order to help ensure that their children are academically successful. In order to address this issue, schools must review the methods by which they communicate student progress. In this study, the parents of students in an elementary school classroom were told the benefits of using standards-based report cards and were shown how to read them. They were then provided with a standards-based report card detailing how their children performed in reading. Following the use of this report card, parents completed a questionnaire and were interviewed about their perceptions of using this revised reporting document.

No description available.

Introduction: The African migrants that arrived in Sweden between 2005 and 2010 experienced a lack of regular contact with relatives and friends back home because of different factors due to the tools of communication during that period. Later, the migrants experienced a transition in tools of communication that allowed transnational communication with African countries, using ICTs tools of communication such as Whatsapp, Facebook, and others. Purpose:This thesis is focused on the digital transition in ICTs and aims to provide a better understanding of digital communication and it's impact on the African diaspora in Sweden. The research analyzes a specific timeline between the 2005-2010 period, which is split in three successive stages by the author ( Pre-transition, The transition and Post-transition). The ultimate goal is to provide a contribution to the existing theoretical knowledge with empirical evidence, thereby replenishing the Comdev academic field of studies. Methodology:To explore these questions, the empirical data was collected through semi-structured interviews with members of the African diaspora in Sweden Conclusion and contribution:The results show that the participants could not afford to buy on a regular basis the prepaid cards that were very expensive and ineffective. Emails were used by a few, also the internet was very expensive back home. The African's diaspora relationships with the homeland suffered negative consequences due to a feeling of abandonment felt by the relatives back home. The transition in communication occured after a few years, leading to a process defined as gradual, the learning of the new tools of ICTs and the cost of the smartphones played a role in the transition period. The following post-transition period allowed an interconnectedness on a global level and improved tremendously the relationships with relatives. Results also show that constant communication is becoming overwhelming on many levels and social aspects. The research revealed that ongoing processes during the transition process of digitalization are a broad field for investigation.