The thesis is focused on financial planning of building order. The thesis gradually defines building order, Phase of building order and their sources of financing, it also deals with the costs, financial return and cash flows. One section is also devoted to financial planning, of building order and financial analysis. The practical part is focused on financial plan of a specific building order and assessment of company financial stability. The financial plan building order will be demonstrated in two different ways of planning and financing.

This study shows that managers of short-term insurers may improve their financial results if they can identify and manage the factors that are critical to their financial results. The development and application of the concept of critical success factors are therefore used as a basis for this study. The study reviews the functions performed by short-term insurers, focusing on the effect these functions have on their cash flows. Selection and pricing of risk are discussed in detail. The underwriting cycle in South Africa, and several possible causes of the cycle are investigated. Reinsurance, claims handling and rilanagement expenses are important components of the cash flows of short-term insurers and are therefore examined in detail. The optimum risk level at various combinations of underwriting and investment income is empirically tested, using the financial results of several insurers. The study investigates different approaches to the measurement of financial success of insurers, and the return on shareholders' funds is found to provide the fairest and most reliable method. Empirical comparisons are made on the financial results of the insurers that participated in the study to distinguish between those that are financially successful and those that are not. To discover what the industry consider to be their critical financial success factors, a postal survey was done of key decision makers in the South African short-term insurance industry. Respondents identified several success factors, but did not include some success factors discovered during the review of the literature. Respondents apparently experienced difficulty in separating strategic issues from operational ones. The survey revealed that the pricing of risk is problematic for short-term insurers. The importance of the investment function is also underestimated by the industry. The study concludes that the combined systematic risk of the investment and underwriting portfolios is a critical success factor, along with the capital base of the insurer, the ability of the insurer to use the leverage provided by using policyholders' funds as free reserves and the size and direction of an insurer's cash flows. / Business Management / D. Com (Business Management)

我國為重建金融環境，引進源自美國的資產證券化（asset securitization），近二年制訂金融資產證券化條例與不動產證券化條例，至今已成功發行八件案例。若能將資產證券化範圍擴大適用於智慧財產權與相關債權，或可解決目前企業以智慧財產權融資擔保所面臨的困境，不但有助於我國產業籌措營運資金和提升發展，亦能增加投資人金融商品之選擇與效益。 智慧財產權證券化（IP securitization）是近年國外重點發展之產物，其涉及財務、會計、賦稅、法律等多重領域。本文研究範圍與焦點，首先是國外文獻與實際案例（美國與日本）之整理與介紹，探求智慧財產權證券化可行性的成功要素與風險。其次是我國現行法如何針對智慧財產權證券化進行修正，包括基礎法制的真實買賣與特殊目的機構之獨立性問題，以及有關智慧財產權的特殊議題，例如適格資產範圍、權利瑕疵與衝突、特殊保證機制、智慧財產權鑑價等。本文目的，希冀提供未來我國制訂相關法規和實務配套措施之參考，能使金融機構與企業能瞭解智慧財產權證券化之可行性。 智慧財產權證券化成功因素，關鍵在於現金流量之估算與掌握，我國若要發展智慧財產權證券化，除了建立具有公信力的智慧財產權鑑價機制外，初期仍需倚靠外部信用增強機制，例如美國電影業的完工保證、智慧財產權訴訟保險與韓國信用保證基金的運作模式，以加強投資人對於此種商品之信心，此外財務規劃、風險管理與專業人才責任，亦是整備基本環境之重點。 藉由外國經驗與檢討，我國要進行智慧財產權證券化實須待一段時間建設，然而隨著金融商品推陳出新、金融市場快速變遷、智慧財產權產業擴充整合，以及智慧財產權融資擔保等發展，未來主管機關和立法機構勢必需修正有關真實買賣之法律要件、特殊目的機構獨立性、將來債權轉讓移轉時點等問題，並放寬開發型案件得證券化、加強著作權公示與對抗制度、建立基礎資產公告與交易資料庫等，是時，將為資產證券化議題再次注入活水，開創一番新局。

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T18:40:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mario Cordeiro Filho.pdf: 9981225 bytes, checksum: 565a2d3dad4737a7a20f562e323becab (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-06-18 / The purpose of this dissertation this to the study the problems related to applying valuation methods for highway concessions companies in Brazil. It is justified by the economic importance that this sector is assuming in Brazil with respect to investments in infrastructure that have already been and are going to be made. The highway concession segment in Brazil has expanded since the second half of the 1990s. Until this date there are more than 50 highway concession companies throughout the country, responsible for investment commitments of more of them R$ 10 billion related to improving and expanding the brazilian highway network. The highway concessions are specific purpose entities with a defined service life and holders of a concession right that permits them to commercially exploit segments of highways through charging tolls from the users, in exchange for assuming commitments to provide determined services and to implement investments for improvement and expansion during the concession agreement. In some cases the concession also assumes the commitment of payment of a right of concession to a Granting Authority. In this dissertation the application of valuation methods for companies, based on discounted cash flows, dividend flows, internal rate of return, payback and value multiples such as the ratio between enterprise value and its EBITDA are considered. These methods were used in the valuation of the five highway concessions granted by the Government of the State of São Paulo in the public auction that took place in October 2008. The results of this valuation as well as a critical analysis of the adequacy of the above-mentioned valuation methods are presented in chapter V and the conclusions are presented in chapter VI of this dissertation / Este trabalho tem por objetivo estudar os problemas relativos a aplicação de métodos de avaliação de empresas em concessões de rodovias no Brasil, e justifica-se pela importância econômica que esse setor vem assumindo no país no que tange aos investimentos de infraestrutura realizados e a realizar. O setor de concessões de rodovias no Brasil tem se expandido desde a segunda metade da década de 90. Existe até esta data mais de 50 empresas de concessões de rodovias em todo o país, responsáveis por compromissos de investimentos de mais de R$ 10 bilhões relativos a melhoria e expansão da malha viária brasileira. As concessões de rodovias são Sociedades de Propósito Específico com vida útil definida. Detentoras de um direito de concessão que lhes permite explorar comercialmente trechos de rodovias por meio da cobrança de tarifas de pedágio dos usuários, em contrapartida, assumem o compromisso de prestar determinados serviços e implantar investimentos de melhoria e de expansão ao longo do contrato. Em alguns casos, a concessão encarrega-se do encargo de pagar direito de outorga a algum Pode Concedente. Este trabalho considerou a aplicação dos métodos de avaliação de empresas baseados em Fluxos de Caixa Descontados, Fluxos de Dividendos, Taxa Interna de Retorno, Payback e Múltiplo de Valor como, por exemplo, a relação Valor da Empresa / EBITDA. Os métodos acima foram aplicados na avaliação das cinco concessões de rodovias outorgadas pelo Governo do Estado de São Paulo no leilão público ocorrido em outubro de 2008. Os resultados dessas avaliações, assim como a análise crítica da adequação dos referidos métodos de avaliação, são apresentados no Capítulo V e as conclusões, no Capítulo VI deste trabalho

This study shows that managers of short-term insurers may improve their financial results if they can identify and manage the factors that are critical to their financial results. The development and application of the concept of critical success factors are therefore used as a basis for this study. The study reviews the functions performed by short-term insurers, focusing on the effect these functions have on their cash flows. Selection and pricing of risk are discussed in detail. The underwriting cycle in South Africa, and several possible causes of the cycle are investigated. Reinsurance, claims handling and rilanagement expenses are important components of the cash flows of short-term insurers and are therefore examined in detail. The optimum risk level at various combinations of underwriting and investment income is empirically tested, using the financial results of several insurers. The study investigates different approaches to the measurement of financial success of insurers, and the return on shareholders' funds is found to provide the fairest and most reliable method. Empirical comparisons are made on the financial results of the insurers that participated in the study to distinguish between those that are financially successful and those that are not. To discover what the industry consider to be their critical financial success factors, a postal survey was done of key decision makers in the South African short-term insurance industry. Respondents identified several success factors, but did not include some success factors discovered during the review of the literature. Respondents apparently experienced difficulty in separating strategic issues from operational ones. The survey revealed that the pricing of risk is problematic for short-term insurers. The importance of the investment function is also underestimated by the industry. The study concludes that the combined systematic risk of the investment and underwriting portfolios is a critical success factor, along with the capital base of the insurer, the ability of the insurer to use the leverage provided by using policyholders' funds as free reserves and the size and direction of an insurer's cash flows. / Business Management / D. Com (Business Management)

The topic of graduation thesis is {\clqq}The Questions of Final Accounts and Statement of Balances in an Energy Company``. The idea of this graduation thesis is a representation of process of the final accounts and statement of balances in concrete company and adjustment of process of the change of conjectural items of assets. The graduation thesis has two parts. First part defined the basic concepts which are included in the final accounts and in the statement of balances. I pursue an individual preparation work in the statement of balances for instance, a stock taking, accounting of resources, rectifying items, reserves, time resolution of cost and revenues, conjectural items of assets etc. Further there it is dealt with statement of balances which represent balance, profit and loss statement, supplement, eventually a statement about cash flows and an overview of changes in the shareholders´ capital and include audit of the statement of balances. The second part of graduation thesis describes a process of the change of conjectural items of assets - especially not invoiced energy - and 2008 final account and statement of balances in the Energy Company E.ON Ditribuce, a.s.

In my graduation thesis named "Final accounts in a stock corporation" I consider financial accounts process and making annual report that every business entity does periodically every year on the end of accounting period. In common sense accounting is very important tool of communicating financial information about business performance to managers, shareholders and other external users. The communication is generally included in financial form statements. Because users have different needs, the presentation of financial accounts is very structured and is under many more legal rules. The aim of this work is confrontation of actual Czech legal rules as theoretical premise with real state of accountancy in specific join-stock company. I focus on audit too. Auditor{\crq}s procedure and process of verification of final accounts is also very important part of this work. To have highest standard of financial reporting is a nowadays reality and I inspect if process of auditing is in good condition and in accord with audit rules. The basic question in this part of the work is aimed at auditor understanding to our company, identifying the key accounting control and minimization of potential risk.

This dissertation deals with selected areas within capital budgeting theory and practice. The first part is focused on possibilities how to improve traditional financial metrics as net present value and internal rate of return by using graphical tools for their interpretation. The main practical problem can be considered not the methodology itself, but the inability to predict future cash flows correctly. The special attention is paid to depreciation in connection with Czech accounting and tax legislation and its influence on capital decisions. The second part of the dissertation concentrates on real option analysis. The crucial difference between net present value and real options analysis is in how these methods deal with the risk. Mathematical approach is used to derive how the volatility and other parameters affect the theoretical value of an investment determined by real option. The more volatile the future cash flows are the higher theoretical value of the real option should be. Nevertheless, there are some exceptions that are analysed in this paper. In final chapter, total cost of ownership and real option analysis are used to evaluate option to switch from on-premise IT solution to cloud computing.

Způsoby stanovení hodnoty společnosti především za účelem bankovního financování jsou hlavním tématem této diplomové práce. Problematika oceňování společnosti je popsána jak z teoretické stránky věci, stejně jako z metodologické stránky věci. Práce popisuje specifika ocenění v závislosti na oboru podnikání a snaží se nalézt optimální řešení k úspěšnému úvěrovému řízení.

This master's thesis is focused on the problems of financing of buying warehouse of company which is specialized on domestic and international logistics, stock-keeping, customs declaration and collecting services CS Expres. It consists of possibilities of financing analysis, comparation of proper options of financing, prediction of the interest rate development of 1M PRIBOR till the half of the year 2011, prediction of the cash flows and proposals for optimal way of acquisition of the warehouse.