In order to be sustainable, companies have to adapt in the ever–changing market and economic conditions which are often unpredictable. The adaptation to these challenges rests with employees who have to stay motivated and psychologically well. The environmental working conditions are often undesirable The objective of this study was to evaluate the psychometric performance of the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) and the Oldenburg Burnout inventory (OLBI) within the cement factory. A random sampling approach was adopted by distributing a questionnaire for the purposes of achieving the general research objective with an availability sample (N = 187). The UWES and OLBI were administered. Exploratory factor analysis, descriptive statistics, Cronbach alpha coefficients, Pearson product–moment correlations and MANOVA's were used to analyse the data. The outcome of the study through literature review confirmed that work engagement and burnout are two important components of employee wellbeing. The factor loadings of the UWES and OLBI resulted in a two–factor structure for both the UWES and OLBI. The two factor structure for the UWES were labelled as Vigour/Dedication and Absorption. The twofactor structure for the OLBI was labelled Disengagement and Exhaustion. A small number of items were retained for the OLBI. The internal consistency of the UWES was found to be well above the acceptable level with the alpha coefficients exceeding 0,70. The internal consistency for the OLBI was found to be lower than the 0,70 level. Data analysis further showed that correlations between engagement and burnout were statistically insignificant. Data analysis also showed that there were no vi significant differences for age and gender for both engagement and burnout, however there is a significant difference in race and language with regard to engagement but none for burnout. Limitations within the study were identified and recommendations for future research were made. / Thesis (M.A. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

Orientador: Sonia Irene Silva do Carmo / Banca: Benedito de Moraes Neto / Banca: Yvone Dias Avelino / Resumo: Pioneira da indústria cimenteira no país, a companhia Brasileira de Cimento Portland Perus (CBCPP) foi inaugurada em 1926. Em 1951, seu controle acionário passou para o Grupo Abdalla que instalou um forno que expandiu em 60 % a capacidade produtiva sem qualquer ampliação na infra-estrutura de alimentação (dimensionada para os três fornos originais), procedimento afinado com a expansão da demanda no Brasil do pós-guerra, mas que submetia o maquinário a níveis destrutivos de esforços. Era natural, portanto, que, as greves operárias pusessem em xeque a forma de gestão da empresa, com os trabalhadores implementando um plano de medidas técnicas alternativas em 1960-61 que criou uma autêntica situação de dualidade de poder dentro da companhia. Em 1962, uma greve iniciada em solidariedade a trabalhadores de outras firmas de Abdalla derivou para uma luta direta pela desapropriação da Perus com vistas a implantar uma co-gestão Estado/Operários. A paralisação foi derrotada, com profundas seqüelas no meio popular, parcialmente sanadas com a reintegração dos operários estáveis em 1969. A esta altura, porém, o futuro da fábrica já estava comprometido pelo desgaste dos equipamentos, quadro que o confisco federal em 1973 não reverteu. A empresa voltaria para a iniciativa privada em 1980 já praticamente liquidada, e funcionaria de forma agonizante até o fechamento em 1987. / Mestre

Os Distúrbios Osteomusculares Relacionados ao Trabalho (DORT) acometem a saúde do trabalhador, desde a década de 90, gerando ocorrências num grande número de pessoas, em diferentes países e diversas atividades, sendo um dos casos mais evidenciados no contexto ocupacional. Trabalhadores sujeitos a cargas de trabalho semelhantes, que desempenham a mesma atividade, podem apresentar variações significativas no seu estado de saúde relacionado ao trabalho. Uma forma eficaz de reduzir o número de casos de DORT é a prevenção, que só se torna efetiva se for participativa e abrangente e se minimizar os fatores de risco presentes nas situações de trabalho. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar a gestão preventiva dos problemas relacionados aos DORT, através de uma abordagem ergonômica estruturada, interpretações, prevalências, tipos de tratamentos ou reabilitações para retorno ao trabalho, bem como avaliar e gerar dispositivos de controle dos problemas relacionados aos DORT em uma indústria cimenteira, baseando-se na estratégia SOBANE, por ser uma estratégia de prevenção que avalia os fatores de risco e permite a interação com os trabalhadores. (excluída a frase sobre limitação do método) Como resultado prático para a empresa foram propostas recomendações através de plano de ação detalhado, de forma a melhorar continuamente as atividades e postos de trabalho, reduzindo os fatores de risco. / Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WRMD) affect the health of workers, since the Nineties, generating occurrences in a great number of people, in different countries and several activities, which are being one of expressed cases in the occupational context. Employees subjected to similar loads, performing the same activity, can present significant variations of their state of health work related. An effective way to reduce the number of WRMD cases is the prevention, only becomes effective if it is participative and comprehensive and if it minimizes the risk factors present at the workplace. The purpose of this study was to conduct the preventive management of the problems related to WRMD, through a structural ergonomic approach, interpretation, prevalences, types of treatments or rehabilitation to return to work, as well as generating controls devices of problems related to WRMD in a cement industry, based on SOBANE strategy, to be a prevention strategy which evaluates the risk factors and allows the interaction with employees. On the basis of the findings, recommendations are proposed through a detailed action plan, in order to apply continuous improvement in the work environment, reducing the risk factors.

Os Distúrbios Osteomusculares Relacionados ao Trabalho (DORT) acometem a saúde do trabalhador, desde a década de 90, gerando ocorrências num grande número de pessoas, em diferentes países e diversas atividades, sendo um dos casos mais evidenciados no contexto ocupacional. Trabalhadores sujeitos a cargas de trabalho semelhantes, que desempenham a mesma atividade, podem apresentar variações significativas no seu estado de saúde relacionado ao trabalho. Uma forma eficaz de reduzir o número de casos de DORT é a prevenção, que só se torna efetiva se for participativa e abrangente e se minimizar os fatores de risco presentes nas situações de trabalho. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar a gestão preventiva dos problemas relacionados aos DORT, através de uma abordagem ergonômica estruturada, interpretações, prevalências, tipos de tratamentos ou reabilitações para retorno ao trabalho, bem como avaliar e gerar dispositivos de controle dos problemas relacionados aos DORT em uma indústria cimenteira, baseando-se na estratégia SOBANE, por ser uma estratégia de prevenção que avalia os fatores de risco e permite a interação com os trabalhadores. (excluída a frase sobre limitação do método) Como resultado prático para a empresa foram propostas recomendações através de plano de ação detalhado, de forma a melhorar continuamente as atividades e postos de trabalho, reduzindo os fatores de risco. / Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WRMD) affect the health of workers, since the Nineties, generating occurrences in a great number of people, in different countries and several activities, which are being one of expressed cases in the occupational context. Employees subjected to similar loads, performing the same activity, can present significant variations of their state of health work related. An effective way to reduce the number of WRMD cases is the prevention, only becomes effective if it is participative and comprehensive and if it minimizes the risk factors present at the workplace. The purpose of this study was to conduct the preventive management of the problems related to WRMD, through a structural ergonomic approach, interpretation, prevalences, types of treatments or rehabilitation to return to work, as well as generating controls devices of problems related to WRMD in a cement industry, based on SOBANE strategy, to be a prevention strategy which evaluates the risk factors and allows the interaction with employees. On the basis of the findings, recommendations are proposed through a detailed action plan, in order to apply continuous improvement in the work environment, reducing the risk factors.

Os Distúrbios Osteomusculares Relacionados ao Trabalho (DORT) acometem a saúde do trabalhador, desde a década de 90, gerando ocorrências num grande número de pessoas, em diferentes países e diversas atividades, sendo um dos casos mais evidenciados no contexto ocupacional. Trabalhadores sujeitos a cargas de trabalho semelhantes, que desempenham a mesma atividade, podem apresentar variações significativas no seu estado de saúde relacionado ao trabalho. Uma forma eficaz de reduzir o número de casos de DORT é a prevenção, que só se torna efetiva se for participativa e abrangente e se minimizar os fatores de risco presentes nas situações de trabalho. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar a gestão preventiva dos problemas relacionados aos DORT, através de uma abordagem ergonômica estruturada, interpretações, prevalências, tipos de tratamentos ou reabilitações para retorno ao trabalho, bem como avaliar e gerar dispositivos de controle dos problemas relacionados aos DORT em uma indústria cimenteira, baseando-se na estratégia SOBANE, por ser uma estratégia de prevenção que avalia os fatores de risco e permite a interação com os trabalhadores. (excluída a frase sobre limitação do método) Como resultado prático para a empresa foram propostas recomendações através de plano de ação detalhado, de forma a melhorar continuamente as atividades e postos de trabalho, reduzindo os fatores de risco. / Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WRMD) affect the health of workers, since the Nineties, generating occurrences in a great number of people, in different countries and several activities, which are being one of expressed cases in the occupational context. Employees subjected to similar loads, performing the same activity, can present significant variations of their state of health work related. An effective way to reduce the number of WRMD cases is the prevention, only becomes effective if it is participative and comprehensive and if it minimizes the risk factors present at the workplace. The purpose of this study was to conduct the preventive management of the problems related to WRMD, through a structural ergonomic approach, interpretation, prevalences, types of treatments or rehabilitation to return to work, as well as generating controls devices of problems related to WRMD in a cement industry, based on SOBANE strategy, to be a prevention strategy which evaluates the risk factors and allows the interaction with employees. On the basis of the findings, recommendations are proposed through a detailed action plan, in order to apply continuous improvement in the work environment, reducing the risk factors.

Shredder fines are the materials with a particle size of less than 10 mm resulting from the shredding of vehicles and complex metal scrap from industries and municipalities. This waste is currently used as landfill construction material, but Stena Recycling wanted to know whether the bottom ash from the combustion of this waste could be useful to the cement industry, and whether it would be feasible to extract Cu and Zn from this ash. To determine this the shredder fines were combusted, and the generated bottom ash underwent chemical fractionation. The leachates from this were processed using MP-AES to obtain an elemental analysis of the ash. The uncombusted shredder fines had its moisture content and calorific value determined. The shredder fines had a moisture content of approximately 11%wt. Due to the heterogeneity of the shredder fines the calorific values varied significantly across the tested samples. The average value was 7.8 MJ/kg. The chemical fractionation showed that the elements in the ash are mostly insoluble in water and ammonium acetate, as the majority remained in the solid residue. This indicates that the ash is inert, and not susceptible to heavy metal leaching. The elemental analysis showed that there is a significant amount of Fe in the ash, with reasonable amounts of Cu and Zn. This project concluded that without additional processing the ash would not be suitable for the cement industry, and that there is potential for the recovery of Cu and Zn from the ash.

<p> </p><p><strong>Degree Project Advanced Level - Business Administration, Linnaeus Business School at Linnaeus University, Business Process and Supply Chain Management, 4FE02E, Spring 2010.</strong></p><p> </p><p><strong>Authors:</strong> Muhammad Rizwan ul Haque, Ahmed Nawaz Shaikh, Kamonmarn Jaenglom, Zaheer Tariq</p><p><strong>Tutor:</strong> Petra Andersson</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Title: Supplier Selection Process Improvement through Six-Sigma DMAIC (A case of Lafarge Pakistan Cement Limited)</strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Cement industry is considered to be an intensive supplier base industry. Cement manufacturing involves several types of suppliers ranging from general utilities to large plant equipments. Also, supply chain performance is significant topic in many cement organisations. The supply chain department at Lafarge Pakistan Cement Limited (LPCL) wants to inspect and improve their supplier selection process. The intended objective of this inspection is two folded. First, LPCL wants to develop a competitive supplier base out of bulk suppliers available in the market that would result in competitive advantage over its competitors. Second, they want to improve their supplier selection process so that there would be low variance and exclusion of unnecessary activities that would ultimately help in achieving the cost, quality and service enhancement objectives.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Research question: </strong></p><p>How can the existing supplier selection process at Lafarge Pakistan Cement Limited (LPCL) be improved by applying Six-Sigma DMAIC?</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong></p><p>This thesis is a descriptive case study and was conducted with a deductive approach. Data was collected through interviews, discussions and questionnaire. The scientific credibility of this thesis was secured by using many sources, avoidance of assumptions, studying a common process and following standardized steps of supplier selection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong></p><p>The existing process of supplier selection at LPCL was defined and mapped to understand the process characteristics and capabilities. The existing process was then analysed to identify problem areas, variations and unnecessary activities. Corrective actions were recommended to deal with problem areas and an improved supplier selection process for LPCL was suggested with process coordination and control measures.</p><p><strong>Suggestions for future research:</strong></p><p>Based on the findings of this thesis, we suggest that the further research for LPCL could be done in the area of sourcing and suppliers relationship management. Sourcing; a study could examine the sourcing policy at LPCL on purchasing practises of products. It would also be interesting to focus more on this area which leads to excellent cost reduction. Using scenario method could compare and analyse regional, national and worldwide sourcing. Supplier Relationship Management; a study could investigate supplier relationship management that leads to creating a competitive advantage for LPCL through the development of supplier performance monitoring and supplier development programme. More details could continuously move towards cost reduction, increased reliability and risk mitigation, transparency of supplier costs and quality, and enhanced efficiency of sourcing process.</p>

水泥產業為內需型之區域產業，且高耗能、高資金及高污染，礦源蘊藏及開採權，受總體經濟環境榮枯影響深切等特性，其製造地與銷售地，基於成本及政策等因素考量，無法像有些產業只需幾個生產基地，行銷地就可佈及較廣。故水泥業的資產週轉效率、成本控制能力及業務對市場行銷及開發的能力就很重要。 本研究應用Penman(2009)所提之財務報表分析與證券評價架構，用普通股權益報酬率(return on commom shareholders’ equity，ROCE)及以應計基礎下之財務資訊，來分析台灣水泥業的龍頭廠商-A公司與B公司，2004年至2008年財務報表品質及獲利能力，並計算其企業價值。同時對其所處之產業發展及現況亦作分析與了解，期對個案公司提出建議。

The thesis aims to understand the development of cement market in Cisleithanien and Czechoslovakia and its cartelization. The subject of research is the organization of cement cartels and it's role as a structure which influences the functionality of the market, related industries and national economic policy (tarrifs, export and import restrictions and state's contracts). The thesis focuses on the abilities of the cement cartels how they control the market and affect customers. The thesis is limited by the year 1900, when the first cement cartels emerged, and the years 1938-1939, during which the significant economical and legal change occurred. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:53:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CARLOS JOSE AUGUSTO JUNIOR.pdf: 1975289 bytes, checksum: 6e245efa14283295263d7f411b8c710d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-17 / During the process of cement manufacture are emissions of various pollutants known to have toxic effects in humans, especially the fractions of smaller particles. The permanent and lasting these pollutants can cause various health problems. One possible way to know the effects of pollution on populations living near cement plants is through the identification of respiratory signs and symptoms among those living. Methods: A crosssectional epidemiological study conducted in Cezarina, Goiás. The sample was randomly selected by cluster sampling. Inclusion criteria were residents who lived for more than 10 years in the city and over the age of 20 years. The instrument used was adapted from the questionnaire British Medical Research Council for research into respiratory signs and symptoms. In addition to the questionnaire data were collected the following variables: sex, age, education, income, time and place of residence in the city, main occupation and workplace. Data were collected by trained staff using household interviews in the period from April 19 to May 31, 2011. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v. 15.0. The Project was submitted to the Ethics Committee from PUC Goiás and approved under opinion number 1674/2011. Results: The mean age was 40.4 years. The average time of residence was 24.1 years. The sample was composed mostly of women (60.9% - p = 0.000). The cement plant was the site of work cited by 11.1%. The prevalence of chronic cough was 23.1%, sputum 22.8%, 29.3% shortness of breath and wheezing 17.9%. Smoking was reported by 16.6% of respondents. Smoking showed a moderate correlation with respiratory signs and symptoms. The place of residence and length of residence were not associated with the frequency of these signs and symptoms. Conclusion: The respiratory signs and symptoms were not associated with the location and length of residence in the city. Smoking showed correlation with all respiratory symptoms studied and it was more prevalent among men. / Durante o processo de manufatura do cimento há emissões de poluentes variados conhecidos por terem efeitos tóxicos em seres humanos, sobretudo as frações de partículas menores. A exposição permanente e duradoura a esses poluentes pode ocasionar diversos agravos à saúde. Uma forma possível de se conhecer os efeitos dessa poluição em populações residentes próximas às fábricas de cimento é utilizando questionários validados para a identificação de sinais e sintomas respiratórios. Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico descritivo transversal de base populacional realizado na zona urbana do município de Cezarina, Goiás, Brasil. A amostragem foi aleatória probabilística por conglomerados. Os critérios de inclusão foram indivíduos residentes há mais de 10 anos na cidade e idade acima de 20 anos. O instrumento utilizado foi adaptado do questionário de British Medical Research Council para a pesquisa de sinais e sintomas respiratórios. Além desse questionário foram colhidos dados referentes às variáveis: sexo, idade, escolaridade, renda, tempo e local de moradia na cidade, ocupação principal e local de trabalho. Os dados foram colhidos através de entrevistas domiciliares realizadas por equipe treinada, no período de 19 de abril a 31 de maio de 2011. Foi realizada análise estatística descritiva utilizando o programa SPSS v.15.0. O projeto foi submetido ao Comitê de Ética da PUC Goiás e aprovado sob o parecer nº 1674/2011. Resultados: A idade média dos entrevistados foi de 40,4 anos (DP ± 11,07). O tempo médio de moradia foi de 24,1 anos (DP ± 10,60). As mulheres representaram 60,9% da amostra (p=0,000). A fábrica de cimento foi citada como o local de trabalho de 11,1% dos entrevistados. A prevalência de tosse foi de 23,1%, expectoração 22,8%, falta de ar 29,3% e chiado no peito 17,9%. Tabagismo foi referido por 16,6% dos entrevistados. O tabagismo apresentou correlação moderada com os sinais e sintomas respiratórios. O local e o tempo de moradia não estiveram associados com a frequência desses sinais e sintomas. Conclusão: Os sinais e sintomas respiratórios não estavam associados com o local e tempo de moradia na cidade. O tabagismo apresentou correlação com os sinais e sintomas respiratórios pesquisados sendo mais prevalentes entre os homens.