<p>This study concerns the experiences and feelings students in intermediate school gain from the changing room to sports class. It is a qualitative study with a socio-cultural approach, which has been analysed in a hermeneutic way. The students’ voices have been heard through interviews and questionnaires, and furthermore, to get a broader perspective, adults working in school, have also been interviewed. The study shows that many children feel discomfort without clothes in the changing room, furthermore that the absence of adults in this room may add to exercise of power amongst the student, like abuse, direct- and indirect threats or to exclude someone from the group. As a result, this could lead to consequences like students absence from school, lies and feelings of guilt. It could also influence other subjects in school if the absence is high or if the student has difficulties in concentrating in other subjects due to anxiety. The study also shows how important it is for all adults present in school to be observant and sensitive to what students say or to how they react in different situations since bullying and abuse is hard to talk about.</p>

<p>Bullying is a serious problem for many children and youths in today’s society. Surveys have shown that more than 145 000 children and youths are concerned by the problem as a victim or as bullies. The purpose with this survey is to obtain a clear picture of the students’ views of bullying in physical education and health.</p><p>The main questions in this study are:</p><p>·         Does bullying occur in a bigger extent within the subject physical education and health than within other subjects?</p><p>·         In which elements during physical education lessons is the risk highest to be exposed to bullying?</p><p>·         Are there any differences concerning the students’ views of physical education in relation to what age they are. </p><p>To acquire an understandable picture of bullying I have chosen to do a literature study where different kinds of definitions are presented. There are also different varieties of bullying such as physical or social.  Further, to answer my research questions, I have done interviews with students in secondary school.</p><p>Physical education and health is a subject where bullying is more common than in other school subjects according to my results. Further the survey shows that lessons in swimming is an element where the risk to be exposed to bullying is highest.</p><p>Since bullying is a big problem in today`s school I think that it`s important that the staff has good knowledge when it comes to bullying. With open eyes and a big commitment I think that we can go far when it comes to the problems with bullying.</p> / <p>Mobbning är i dagens samhälle ett allvarligt problem för många barn och ungdomar, och då framförallt i skolan men även på fritiden. Undersökningar har visat att mer än 145 000 barn och ungdomar är berörda av problemet som offer eller som mobbare. Syftet med den här undersökningen är att få en inblick i elevers uppfattningar angående mobbning inom ämnet idrott och hälsa.</p><p>Frågeställningarna jag använt mig av är:</p><p>·         Förekommer mobbning i större utsträckning inom ämnet idrott och hälsa än inom övriga ämnen?</p><p>·         Under vilket moment inom ramarna för idrott och hälsa är det störst risk att bli utsatt för mobbning?</p><p>·         Hur skiljer sig uppfattningarna i årskurserna 5-9 åt då det gäller mobbning under lektioner i idrott och hälsa?</p><p>Jag har genomfört en litteraturundersökning för att få en klarare bild av begreppet mobbning. I denna undersökning presenteras olika definitioner, liksom att det finns olika typer av mobbning såsom fysisk och social. För att få svar på mina frågeställningar har jag gjort en intervjuundersökning med elever i årskurserna 5-9.  Enligt mina resultat är ämnet idrott och hälsa ett ämne där mobbning förekommer i större utsträckning än inom övriga ämnen. Vidare visar också min undersökning på att bad är det moment inom ämnet där risken att bli utsatt för mobbning är som störst</p><p>Eftersom mobbning är ett stort problem i dagens skola anser jag att det är viktigt att all berörd personal har goda kunskaper om mobbning. Med öppna ögon och ett stort engagemang tror jag att det går att komma långt med mobbningsproblematiken.</p>

Thesis (Ph.D. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2006.

No description available.

Bullying is a serious problem for many children and youths in today’s society. Surveys have shown that more than 145 000 children and youths are concerned by the problem as a victim or as bullies. The purpose with this survey is to obtain a clear picture of the students’ views of bullying in physical education and health. The main questions in this study are: ·         Does bullying occur in a bigger extent within the subject physical education and health than within other subjects? ·         In which elements during physical education lessons is the risk highest to be exposed to bullying? ·         Are there any differences concerning the students’ views of physical education in relation to what age they are.  To acquire an understandable picture of bullying I have chosen to do a literature study where different kinds of definitions are presented. There are also different varieties of bullying such as physical or social.  Further, to answer my research questions, I have done interviews with students in secondary school. Physical education and health is a subject where bullying is more common than in other school subjects according to my results. Further the survey shows that lessons in swimming is an element where the risk to be exposed to bullying is highest. Since bullying is a big problem in today`s school I think that it`s important that the staff has good knowledge when it comes to bullying. With open eyes and a big commitment I think that we can go far when it comes to the problems with bullying. / Mobbning är i dagens samhälle ett allvarligt problem för många barn och ungdomar, och då framförallt i skolan men även på fritiden. Undersökningar har visat att mer än 145 000 barn och ungdomar är berörda av problemet som offer eller som mobbare. Syftet med den här undersökningen är att få en inblick i elevers uppfattningar angående mobbning inom ämnet idrott och hälsa. Frågeställningarna jag använt mig av är: ·         Förekommer mobbning i större utsträckning inom ämnet idrott och hälsa än inom övriga ämnen? ·         Under vilket moment inom ramarna för idrott och hälsa är det störst risk att bli utsatt för mobbning? ·         Hur skiljer sig uppfattningarna i årskurserna 5-9 åt då det gäller mobbning under lektioner i idrott och hälsa? Jag har genomfört en litteraturundersökning för att få en klarare bild av begreppet mobbning. I denna undersökning presenteras olika definitioner, liksom att det finns olika typer av mobbning såsom fysisk och social. För att få svar på mina frågeställningar har jag gjort en intervjuundersökning med elever i årskurserna 5-9.  Enligt mina resultat är ämnet idrott och hälsa ett ämne där mobbning förekommer i större utsträckning än inom övriga ämnen. Vidare visar också min undersökning på att bad är det moment inom ämnet där risken att bli utsatt för mobbning är som störst Eftersom mobbning är ett stort problem i dagens skola anser jag att det är viktigt att all berörd personal har goda kunskaper om mobbning. Med öppna ögon och ett stort engagemang tror jag att det går att komma långt med mobbningsproblematiken.

Walking around in dynamically changing environments require the integration of three of our sensory systems: visual, vestibular, and kinesethic. Vision is the only modality of these three sensory systems that provides information at a distance for proactively controlling locomotion (Gibson, 1958). The visual system provides information about self-motion, about body position and body segments relative to one another and the environment, and environmental information at a distance (Patla, 1998). Gibson (1979) developed the idea that everyday behaviour is controlled by perception-action coupling between an action and some specific information picked up from the optic flow that is generated by that action. Such that visual perception guides the action required to navigate safely through an environment and the action in turn alters perception. The objective of my thesis was to determine how well perception and action are coupled when approaching and walking through moving doors with dynamically changing apertures. My first two studies were grouped together and here I found that as the level of threat increased, the parameters of control changed and not the controlling mechanism. The two dominant action control parameters observed were a change in approach velocity and a change in posture (i. e. shoulder rotation). These findings add to previous work done in this area using a similar set-up in virtual reality, where after much practice participants increased success rate by decreasing velocity prior to crossing the doors. In my third study I found that visual fixation patterns and action parameters were similar when the location of the aperture was predictable and when it was not. Previous work from other researchers has shown that vision and a subsequent action are tightly coupled with a latency of about 1second. I have found that vision only tightly couples action when a specific action is required and the threat of a collision increases. My findings also point in the same direction as previous work that has shown that individuals look where they are going. My last study was designed to determine if we go where we are looking. Here I found that action does follow vision but is only loosely correlated. The most important and common finding from all the studies is that at 2 seconds prior to crossing the moving doors (any type of movement) vision seems to have the most profound effect on action. At this time variability in action is significantly lower than at prior times. I believe that my findings will help to understand how individuals use vision to modify actions in order to avoid colliding with other people or other moving objects within the environment. And this knowledge will help elderly individuals to be better able to cope with walking in cluttered environments and avoid contacting other objects.

Psykisk ohälsa kan drabba alla och ligga inom spannet från svåra livskriser till psykiatriska diagnoser. Trots en strävan efter normaliserande levnadsvillkor i samband med avinstitutionaliseringen av mentalsjukhus och psykiatrireformen är attityderna mot personer med psykiska sjukdomar fortfarande negativa, vilket gör denna grupp extra utsatt. Denna studie syftar till att öka kunskapen kring upplevelser av omgivningens attityder och återhämtning utifrån personer som själva lider eller har lidit av psykisk ohälsa. Ett andra syfte är att belysa delar av det attitydförändrande arbete. Genom textanalys och två kvalitativa intervjuer har syftet uppnåtts. Teorier som varit centrala handlar om sociala konstruktioner, stigma, erkännande och empowerment. Resultatet visar på hur vanligt det är att inte bli tagen på allvar när man har en psykisk sjukdom, det har också tagit lång tid innan man blivit lyssnad till. Omgivningens stöd och nära relationer har varit viktiga aspekter i återhämtningen. Man har också utarbetat olika strategier för att t.ex. undvika situationer som kan väcka obehag. Hjärnkoll och RSMH arbetar med attitydförändringar och står som en arena för personer med psykisk ohälsa där de själva får komma till tals vilket har ett inflytande både på omgivningens attityder och verkar positivt i återhämtningsprocessen. / Mental illness can affect anyone and be within the range from difficult life crises to psychiatric diagnoses. Despite a desire for normalizing the living conditions associated with psychiatric reform is attitudes towards people with mental illness is still negative, which makes this group particularly vulnerable. This study aims to increase knowledge about the experiences of the attitudes and recovery from persons who have or have had mental problems. A second purpose is to highlight parts of the attitude-changing work. Through textual analysis and two interviews the aim has been achieved. Theories that have been central concerns are social structures, stigma, recognition and empowerment. The result shows how common it is not to be taken seriously when you have a mental illness, it has also taken a long time before been listened to. Ambient support and close relations have been important in the recovery. People with mental illness have also developed various strategies for examples avoid situations that might arouse discomfort. ‘Hjärnkoll’ as a campaign and ‘RSMH’ as an organization is working with changing attitudes and stands as an arena for people with mental illness in which they are heard, the work has had an influence both on the attitudes and acts positively in the recovery process.

In Republic of China, Labor Pension Act (to be called the New Mechanism for short in the following) was officially carried out in July 1, 2005. Being different from the Labor Standards Act (to be called the Old Mechanism for short in the following), the biggest feature of the new mechanism is that the retirement fund is portable. However, with the new mechanism , people are guaranteed to receive the retirement fund while they will get more money if they choose the old mechanism . Therefore, the problem of how to choose the suitable mechanism for the employees who were hired before July 1, 2005 has been discussed. Generally, if the employee doesn¡¦t have the intention to change his job, and has more confidence to his company, he should choose the old mechanism . On the contrary, he should choose the new mechanism . Thus, whether the employee chooses the new or old mechanism seems to become the important reference for the employer to test the employee¡¦s royalty and confidence toward the company. Someone even predicted that the implementation of the new mechanism would symbolize the coming of job changing boom. This report is based on the actual research of enterprises, and tries to understand and investigate the connection between employees and job stress, job satisfaction, and organization commitment. Moreover, based on the unstable character of individual, this report is trying to prove and understand if there is an obvious difference between the influence of job stress, job satisfaction, organization commitment, and the willing of changing job to make the employees choose the old or new mechanism . This is to provide the reference for enterprises to make plans for the human resources. Through this research, I found out the following in certain cases: 1. There is an obvious connection among the employees¡¦ job stress, job satisfaction, and organization commitment. 2. Job satisfaction and organization commitment have obvious influence to one¡¦s willing to change jobs. 3. The employees who change their mind to choose either the new policy or the old policy have obvious difference to the influence of job satisfaction, organization commitment, the willing of changing jobs, etc

We trace the process of relationship development of the CEO¡]Chief Executive Officer¡^and CIO¡]Chief Information Officer¡^in one company in Taiwan over a 8-year period. In the process of corporation information technology makes policy and information system implementation, the both of change agency CEO and CIO can lead IT/IS project to successful or failure. Exploring the trust relationship building of process between CEO and CIO in the case, we hope provide research benefits that why or how to result in success or failure that a corporation information technology makes policy and information system implementation. In this research we use the process research model methodology that developed by Daniel Robey and Michael Newman in 1992 year and 1996 year, identify the 26 sequences events process in the AACL company¡¦s CEO/CIO for over 8 years, and define them as either encounters or episodes. We enrich and understanding the process of form of CEO/CIO trusts relationship, and other special phenomenon when an organization process information technology or information system changes. We use the change agentry for our exploring perspective, to analyze and theoretical argue the evolution of change agency¡¦s technological frames¡Bthe form of process of CEO/CIO in trust community¡Borganization¡¦s senior and junior staff in opposing phenomenon when organization changing, and how to build a model in champion or title of CEO/CIO. We conclude that the CEO and CIO, them as play a multiple change agency of role for driving organization¡¦s changing, however, the multiple change agency between CEO and CIO must go through an interact process for each other, they are sufficient building a robust trust relationship, let company¡¦s business benefits and technology benefits are really integration. This is my research why emphasize the important view that the multiple change agency CEO/CIO are need has a sufficient building robust trust relationship when organization process the information system changing.

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