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Metaphors of the Nation : the architectural programme of the KMT under Chiang Kai-shek's rule in post-war TaiwanTsai, Jung-Jen January 2015 (has links)
This is a study of nationalism and its visual representation in Taiwan’s architecture. Although nationalism studies have achieved significant theoretic breakthroughs in sociology, politics and history over the past decades, its close relationship with architecture has not received enough attention. In recent related architectural literature, too much emphasis is placed on stylistic analysis concerning ‘national style’, and less on those wider social, cultural and political factors which also play an important role in shaping nationalistic architecture during nation-formation. In order to bridge the gap, this thesis attempts to carry out a cross-disciplinary study, engaging architecture with the notion of nationalism and other relative perspectives in a quest for better understanding. In doing so, Taiwan’s nationalistic architecture is divided into four different building types: the martyrs’ shrine, the museum, the parliament building and the memorial hall. By examining these types and cases, this thesis argues that nationalistic architecture is a particular type of building created by specialised architects who were encouraged to select certain visible and cultural markers, establishing a symbolic link connecting the current nation with its previous ethnic roots in the service of politics during the age of nation-building. As a part of a growing body of research on nationalism and its architectural representations, this thesis aims to advance our understanding of the important issue regarding the relationship between nationalism and architecture in Taiwan, and to contribute to future research on similar topics.
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A iniciativa de Chiang Mai: alcances e limitações / The Chiang Mai initiative: reaches and limitationsScarano, Paulo Rogério 03 June 2011 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2011-06-03 / The purpose of this work is to analyze the possibilities and limitations of the regional
financial arrangement called Chiang Mai Initiative (CMI); a agreement among the
Association of Southeast Asian Nations, Japan, China and South Korea (ASEAN+3),
whose aim is to supply temporary funds to any of its members in need, to face an
international context of high volatility of capital flows in which the lacking of proper
mechanisms to provide liquidity could result in crises that could go beyond the
boundaries of a particular nation. This interdisciplinary study, which shares topics with
the areas of International Relations and International Political Economy, is
fundamental to understand the scope and the difficulties involving regional financial
agreements among different countries that frequently compete with each other and
have a history of rivalry and territorial disputes. So the initial hypothesis about the
reaches and limitations of Chiang Mai Initiative is that they are a result of the financial
and economical interdependence, associated with the political differences between
the countries of the ASEAN+3. This work starts with a short review on the International
Monetary and Financial System and its institutions, particularly the role of the
International Monetary Fund (IMF), since the Bretton Woods agreements until the
current international financial architecture. It follows a discussion about how this
architecture may be associated with the Asiatic Crises of 1997-98, basing the analysis
on the vulnerability indicators of the countries affected by the crises and the actions
taken by the IMF. The discontentment concerning the procedures of the international
financial institutions favored the conditions necessary for the progress of the CMI.
Such progress will be approached based on the analysis of the documentation
produced at the ASEAN+3 Finance Ministers Meeting and the associated literature.
After discussed the CMI institutional characteristics, this work explores the degree of
economic integration between the countries of the region, using the data available by
the local governments and the international organizations like the IMF, the World Bank
and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). It is also
shown in this work that if in on hand the regional interdependence justifies a regional
financial arrangement like the CMI, on the other hand the absence of a clear regional
hegemony, the regional rivalries and a significant territorial disputes caused difficulties
to establish a regional cooperation environment. The large accumulation of
international reserves as a self protection mechanism among the East Asian nations
illustrates their suspicious regarding a regional collective solution / O objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar as possibilidades e as limitações do arranjo
financeiro regional denominado Iniciativa de Chiang Mai (CMI), acordado entre os
países da Associação das Nações do Sudeste Asiático, o Japão, a China e a Coréia
(ASEAN+3). Trata-se de uma iniciativa regional para fazer frente às necessidades
temporárias de divisas que um país-membro possa enfrentar, em um cenário
internacional de grande volatilidade no fluxo de capitais, em que a ausência de
mecanismos adequados e tempestivos de provisão de liquidez pode resultar em uma
crise com poder para ultrapassar as fronteiras da nação inicialmente atingida. O estudo
do tema, de caráter interdisciplinar entre as áreas de Relações Internacionais e da
Economia Política Internacional, é fundamental para que se possam compreender os
alcances e as dificuldades que envolvem um acordo para fornecimento de divisas entre
países muito diferentes, que frequentemente competem entre si, e que possuem um
histórico de rivalidades e disputas territoriais. Assim, parte-se da hipótese de que os
alcances e as limitações da CMI são dados pela interdependência econômicofinanceira
e pelas diferenças políticas entre os países associados à ASEAN+3. Para
realizar o presente trabalho, parte-se de uma breve revisão da literatura sobre o
Sistema Monetário e Financeiro Internacional e suas instituições, com ênfase no papel
do Fundo Monetário Internacional (FMI), dos acordos de Bretton Woods até a atual
configuração da arquitetura financeira internacional. Em seguida, o trabalho discute
como tal arquitetura pode ser associada à natureza da Crise Asiática de 1997-98,
analisando os indicadores de vulnerabilidade dos países afetados e a atuação do FMI.
Mostra, assim, que o descontentamento com o encaminhamento dado pela
institucionalidade financeira internacional criou o ambiente necessário para o avanço
da CMI. Tal avanço será retratado a partir da análise da documentação produzida nas
Reuniões dos Ministros das Finanças da ASEAN+3 e da literatura subsequente. Exposta
a institucionalidade da CMI, o trabalho parte para uma análise exploratória do grau de
integração econômica entre os países da região, a partir de dados disponibilizados
pelos governos locais e por organizações internacionais como o FMI, o Banco Mundial
e a Conferência das Nações Unidas para o Comércio e o Desenvolvimento (UNCTAD). O
trabalho mostra que, se por um lado o grau de interdependência regional justifica um
arranjo financeiro regional como a CMI, e sua institucionalização é evidência disso, por
outro lado, a inexistência de uma clara hegemonia na região, as rivalidades entre os
países e a existência de disputas territoriais importantes criam dificuldades para a
cooperação regional. O elevado acúmulo de reservas internacionais, como mecanismo
individual de autoproteção generalizado entre os países do Leste Asiático, ilustra sua
desconfiança em uma solução coletiva regional
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A iniciativa de Chiang Mai: alcances e limitações / The Chiang Mai initiative: reaches and limitationsScarano, Paulo Rogério 03 June 2011 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T14:53:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Paulo Rogerio Scarano.pdf: 2048190 bytes, checksum: 33a0f06df2db79357f59f0dbab92aed9 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2011-06-03 / The purpose of this work is to analyze the possibilities and limitations of the regional
financial arrangement called Chiang Mai Initiative (CMI); a agreement among the
Association of Southeast Asian Nations, Japan, China and South Korea (ASEAN+3),
whose aim is to supply temporary funds to any of its members in need, to face an
international context of high volatility of capital flows in which the lacking of proper
mechanisms to provide liquidity could result in crises that could go beyond the
boundaries of a particular nation. This interdisciplinary study, which shares topics with
the areas of International Relations and International Political Economy, is
fundamental to understand the scope and the difficulties involving regional financial
agreements among different countries that frequently compete with each other and
have a history of rivalry and territorial disputes. So the initial hypothesis about the
reaches and limitations of Chiang Mai Initiative is that they are a result of the financial
and economical interdependence, associated with the political differences between
the countries of the ASEAN+3. This work starts with a short review on the International
Monetary and Financial System and its institutions, particularly the role of the
International Monetary Fund (IMF), since the Bretton Woods agreements until the
current international financial architecture. It follows a discussion about how this
architecture may be associated with the Asiatic Crises of 1997-98, basing the analysis
on the vulnerability indicators of the countries affected by the crises and the actions
taken by the IMF. The discontentment concerning the procedures of the international
financial institutions favored the conditions necessary for the progress of the CMI.
Such progress will be approached based on the analysis of the documentation
produced at the ASEAN+3 Finance Ministers Meeting and the associated literature.
After discussed the CMI institutional characteristics, this work explores the degree of
economic integration between the countries of the region, using the data available by
the local governments and the international organizations like the IMF, the World Bank
and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). It is also
shown in this work that if in on hand the regional interdependence justifies a regional
financial arrangement like the CMI, on the other hand the absence of a clear regional
hegemony, the regional rivalries and a significant territorial disputes caused difficulties
to establish a regional cooperation environment. The large accumulation of
international reserves as a self protection mechanism among the East Asian nations
illustrates their suspicious regarding a regional collective solution / O objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar as possibilidades e as limitações do arranjo
financeiro regional denominado Iniciativa de Chiang Mai (CMI), acordado entre os
países da Associação das Nações do Sudeste Asiático, o Japão, a China e a Coréia
(ASEAN+3). Trata-se de uma iniciativa regional para fazer frente às necessidades
temporárias de divisas que um país-membro possa enfrentar, em um cenário
internacional de grande volatilidade no fluxo de capitais, em que a ausência de
mecanismos adequados e tempestivos de provisão de liquidez pode resultar em uma
crise com poder para ultrapassar as fronteiras da nação inicialmente atingida. O estudo
do tema, de caráter interdisciplinar entre as áreas de Relações Internacionais e da
Economia Política Internacional, é fundamental para que se possam compreender os
alcances e as dificuldades que envolvem um acordo para fornecimento de divisas entre
países muito diferentes, que frequentemente competem entre si, e que possuem um
histórico de rivalidades e disputas territoriais. Assim, parte-se da hipótese de que os
alcances e as limitações da CMI são dados pela interdependência econômicofinanceira
e pelas diferenças políticas entre os países associados à ASEAN+3. Para
realizar o presente trabalho, parte-se de uma breve revisão da literatura sobre o
Sistema Monetário e Financeiro Internacional e suas instituições, com ênfase no papel
do Fundo Monetário Internacional (FMI), dos acordos de Bretton Woods até a atual
configuração da arquitetura financeira internacional. Em seguida, o trabalho discute
como tal arquitetura pode ser associada à natureza da Crise Asiática de 1997-98,
analisando os indicadores de vulnerabilidade dos países afetados e a atuação do FMI.
Mostra, assim, que o descontentamento com o encaminhamento dado pela
institucionalidade financeira internacional criou o ambiente necessário para o avanço
da CMI. Tal avanço será retratado a partir da análise da documentação produzida nas
Reuniões dos Ministros das Finanças da ASEAN+3 e da literatura subsequente. Exposta
a institucionalidade da CMI, o trabalho parte para uma análise exploratória do grau de
integração econômica entre os países da região, a partir de dados disponibilizados
pelos governos locais e por organizações internacionais como o FMI, o Banco Mundial
e a Conferência das Nações Unidas para o Comércio e o Desenvolvimento (UNCTAD). O
trabalho mostra que, se por um lado o grau de interdependência regional justifica um
arranjo financeiro regional como a CMI, e sua institucionalização é evidência disso, por
outro lado, a inexistência de uma clara hegemonia na região, as rivalidades entre os
países e a existência de disputas territoriais importantes criam dificuldades para a
cooperação regional. O elevado acúmulo de reservas internacionais, como mecanismo
individual de autoproteção generalizado entre os países do Leste Asiático, ilustra sua
desconfiança em uma solução coletiva regional
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La commande des peintures bouddhiques dans les monastères de la province de Chiang Mai / Order of the Buddhist paintings in the monastery of the province of Chiang MaiTayac, Sébastien 14 December 2010 (has links)
Cette étude, conçue comme un état des lieux des peintures murales dans les monastères de six districts de la province de Chiang Mai, a permis d’une part d’étudier les différents acteurs de la commande artistique [commanditaires, donateurs, artistes] et d’autre part de définir ces peintures en quatre groupes selon une classification à la fois chronologique et stylistique. Les multiples facteurs susceptibles d’influencer la présence ou l’absence de peintures dans les temples ont été également examinés. Une comparaison de l’iconographie présentée dans ces temples entre les quatre groupes retrouvés a été également entreprise afin d’affiner les caractéristiques de ces derniers. En parallèle, une attention toute particulière a été portée aux artistes travaillant dans les temples afin de mieux connaître ces individus méconnus et ignorés. Formations, milieux sociaux, place de la femme artiste, inspirations et influences, autant de thèmes évoqués au sein de cette étude. / This study, designed as an inventory of murals in the monasteries of six districts of the province of Chiang Mai made it possible on the one hand to study the various actors involved in an art order [sponsors, donors, artists] and on the other hand to classify these paintings into four groups according to their chronological and stylistic description. The multiple factors likely to influence the presence or the absence of paintings in the temples were also examined. A comparison of the iconography between the four groups found in these temples was also undertaken in order to refine their characteristics. In parallel, special attention was paid to the artists working in the temples in order to learn more about these unsung and ignored individuals. Training, social environments, place of the woman artist, inspirations and influences are topics discussed in this study.
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Language choice, language attitudes and identity of the Korean-Chinese ethnic minority in Qiqihar, HeilongjiangQu, Tong Fu January 2012 (has links)
University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities / Department of English
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Study of the pacification commission system of Nanjing national government in the 1930s =1930 年代國民政府綏靖公署制度研究Li, Hang January 2018 (has links)
University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences. / Department of History
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王夫之薑齋詞研究 / The Research On Wang, Fu-zhi's Jiang-Zhai Ci陳民珠, Chen, Min Chu Unknown Date (has links)
身處明末清初變亂紛呈的時代中,王夫之面對國土淪亡,異族入主的悲運,時時反映出愛國意識和歷史責任感在他的著作中。對於他的詩歌作品和哲學思想著作,後人巳有充份的闡述。而詞作方面,卻未被廣泛的討論。其實,在他的詞作中,深刻蘊藏著遺民之情與忠愛之思;在慷慨激昂與悲憤執著之後,往往昇華為含蓄蘊藉之美,且常與他的文學理論相結合。所以,本文欲以王夫之《薑薺詩餘》為依據,來探討他身清心明的一片故國情懷,並給予船山詞在詞史上的定位與評價。而章節的安排如下:引言:包含研究動機、研究資料、研究方法、總結前人研究成果。本文共分六章。第一章:緒論。第一節:敘述王夫之的生平大略及著述。第二節:敘述船山的愛國思想及人格特質。其中,船山的民本思想、忠貞特質和遺民情懷是最為深刻而直接的感染其詞作風格的因素,第三節:船山《薑齋詩餘》通論。第二章:王船山詞的創作背景。第一節:歷史背景,從政治環境、社會實況兩方面來考察。第二節:詞壇風貌,主要批判明代中後期浮靡中枵的詞風,並肯定明末忠義詞人的風騷遺旨。第三章:《薑齋詩餘》的題材內容與藝術特色。第一節:《薑齋詩餘》的題材。第二節:《薑齋詩餘》的內涵。第三節:《薑齋詩餘》的技巧第四節:《薑齋詩餘》的章法和篇法。第四章:《薑齋詩餘》的風格。第一節:豪宕。主要從其實際愛國行動及愛國思想中所孕蘊而成的詞作探討。第二節:醇雅。大半是晚年歸隱後的心境,除了醇雅蘊藉之外,還時時流露出老而彌堅的心性。第五章:《薑齋詩餘》與《薑齋詩話》。第一節:情景交融的美學內涵。第二節:群以制怨的含蓄本質。第三節:神理相取、意在言外的文學精神。第六章:結論。將王夫之詞對明末清初詞壇的貢獻及成就加以確定及評價。
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The Strategic Research on the Persistent Management of the Folk Art Group Named "Sung-Chiang Martial Art Group of Shun-Hsien Temple" in Kaohsiung CountyChou, Hsiao-ting 11 July 2005 (has links)
Folk arts are dynamic cultural assets conveying messages of people's life styles as well as recording their daily activities. With the passing of times, they murmur the stories of common people's lives with cultural connotation. Undeniably, folk arts are precious treasures for a nation. Therefore, we'll dig out the treasures and promote them. On the other hand, with the mission of exalting folk culture, fork art groups should function as conservatories to preserve the local culture. Actually, for the purpose of showing the value of its survival in the history, an outstanding folk art group would retrospect and inspect itself continuously, improving the quality at every stage as it grows up with times. The authorities and people are expected to give their hands to such excellent folk art groups and encourage them to run persistently.
For ages, how to preserve, convey and exalt the folk arts through cultural policy making and executing are great challenge for the authorities. In recent years, in response to the sense of ¡§glocalization¡¨, the authorities manage to unite the features of local industries with the international or district festival celebration activities held in very place to evoke the community awareness, develop sightseeing industry, promote the economic prosperity, build up good reputation as well as increase the opportunities for international cultural exchange. Among the folk arts in Taiwan, the performance of ¡§Sung-Chiang Martial Art¡¨ is highly praised. Converging special features of physical education, military art, religion and art, ¡§Sung-Chiang Martial Art¡¨ catches all the audience's eyes and becomes the spotlight on the stage. In recent years, the launching of Sung-Chiang Martial Art Clubs among schools at all levels has brought forth the development of this folk art.
Speaking of ¡§Sung-Chiang Martial Art¡¨, it originated from the Mainland China. Unfortunately, during the ¡§Cultural Revolution¡¨ period, the weapons used by ¡§Sung-Chiang Martial Art¡¨ had been banned and the groups were forced to dismiss. From then on, Taiwan has become the only place where the whole ¡§Sung-Chiang Martial Art¡¨ skills were preserved intact. In the past, ¡§Sung-Chiang Martial Art Groups¡¨ guarded against the invading enemies; however, as time goes by, it turns into an important religious activity in the country, acting as an escort of gods on religious festivals as well as a celebrating performance to amuse people. For this reason, the portion of performing art is always associated with the religion and hasn't been emphasized. Instead of training at regular time, the Sung-Chiang Martial Art performers just follow the tradition to practice intensively before a religious celebration. When the activity is over, the performers would go back to their regular lives and there¡¦s nothing changed. Generally speaking, this way of preserving folk art won't be encouraged, letting go of nurturing high-standard performers. It would even be harmful to the development of ¡§Sung-Chiang Martial Art¡¨.
Fortunately, there are still some enthusiastic people doing their best to keep ¡§Sung-Chiang Martial Art¡¨ sustainable as the folk art declines with times. The members of ¡§Sung-Chiang Martial Art Group of Shun-Hsien Temple¡¨ are among them. The founder of this group noticed the problems of traditional Sung-Chiang Martial Art performance, which was just held with the need of celebrating activities. When the activities were over, the folk art groups were dismissed again. Therefore, the founder of ¡§Sung-Chiang Martial Art Group of Shun-Hsien Temple¡¨ built up a team with cultural mission and tried to improve the disadvantages of traditional ¡§Sung-Chiang Martial Art Groups¡¨. This team executes their training weekly. Furthermore, this folk art group welcomes visitors to watch their training all year around.
In this research, the folk art group ¡§Sung-Chiang Martial Art Group of Shun-Hsien Temple¡¨ is served as the target for case studying, in which we explore into the internal managerial condition of this group and test the possibility of its persistent management. At last, the strategic managerial model is offered as a reference to improve its operational condition. As for the synthetic indicators for persistent managerial appraisals, they can also be applied to other nonprofit performing groups, served as an assistant tool to improve their internal managerial conditions.
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Analytical Comparison of Western Individualism and Chinese ConfucianismLin, Mei-hsiang 24 December 2007 (has links)
Through comparative and qualitative research method, this dissertation first analyzes the individual values in political freedom and equality emphasized by modern Western individualism, will further discuss collective consciousness in the form of emotional and moral achievements as emphasized by traditional Chinese Confucianism as comparative reference basis and finally lists common grounds and differences between these two. This dissertation researches political thought and philosophy, mainly aiming at the political objectives of argument foundations, essential connotations and achievements in traditional Chinese political thought, illuminates collective sentiment thinking and will analyze and explain the reasons for a lack of Western individualism in traditional Chinese political thought, caused by the environmental conditions created by that thinking. The author hopes to be able to offer a comparison of nature and characteristics of Chinese and Western culture and thinking and a few answers and explanations regarding the problems the Chinese society is facing since it encountered and started to learn from Western democratic political systems more than 100 years ago.
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Sustainable agriculture on slopes : the effectiveness of international development projects in fostering soil conservation in north ThailandHarper, Dave January 1988 (has links)
Typescript. / Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1986. / Bibliography: leaves 442-469. / Photocopy. / xv. 469 leaves, bound ill. 29 cm
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