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Jornal Pessoal: uma metalinguagem jornalística na Amazônia / Jornal Pessoal: a journalistic metalanguage in the AmazonAmorim, Célia Regina Trindade Chagas 09 June 2008 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2008-06-09 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This work is entitled Jornal Pessoal: a journalistic metalanguage in the Amazon. The
object studied is the alternative journal of the sociologist and journalist Lúcio Flávio Pinto.
The periodical has been released for 20 years, in Belém, state of Pará. The hypothesis
examined is that the journal presents journalistic metalanguage based in the principles of
street journalism truth, ethic and liberty as well as of its practice. The generator problem of
this investigation arose from the following question: why turning to the study of journalistic
metalanguage through an alternative journal if the general press, considered as a journalism
paradigm, contains metalinguistic elements? The main objective is to reflect on the
importance of alternative media in the process of construction of a journalism effectively
committed to society. The theoretical and interpretative basis involved the concept of
metalanguage, a second language which analyses the first one, the object language. The
theorists studies in the international field like Habermas, John Downing, Carnap, Jakobson,
Barthes, Jesús Martín-Barbero and Nelson Traquina, besides Brazilian researchers like
Bernardo Kucinski, Ciro Marcondes Filho, Perseu Abramo and Nelson Werneck Sodré were
fundamental to explain, in the light of the communication theories, the press language and
history, the phases and the proposed objectives. The methodology followed a qualitativedescriptive
analysis of the periodical production, mainly the one emphasizing the journalistic
language in its 20 years existence. From the 400 editions published, 40 were selected, that is,
10% of each group of 100 samples were extracted, in order to design a profile of the
metajournalism of the Jornal Pessoal. This work is also included in the Communication area,
a Journalism subfield, more specifically related to alternative media. At present, this
expression has been more used in the researchers meetings in Brazil and abroad due to the
possibility to shelter several alternative objects. The results achieved are relevant to the
Communication field, once they present a new perspective to the alternative media, which
must be free of prejudices as to associate those means to a minor, marginal, type of press.
They also show the need of studies emphasizing the history of the press aiming at
understanding the transformation process through which the journalistic production passed in
the capitalism context, and finally, the singularity of this PhD research which was to examine,
through the journalistic metalanguage expressed by an alternative journal, the excessive ethic
nature deviations in the great Amazon press, mainly in Belém, state of Pará, which
compromise the consolidation of a journalism concerned with the citizen / Este trabalho tem como título Jornal Pessoal: uma metalinguagem jornalística na
Amazônia. O objeto estudado é o jornal alternativo do sociólogo e jornalista Lúcio Flávio
Pinto. O periódico circula há 20 anos, em Belém do Pará. A hipótese examinada é a de que a
publicação faz metalinguagem jornalística assentada nos princípios da verdade, da ética, da
liberdade e do fazer jornalismo de rua. O problema gerador da investigação partiu da seguinte
indagação: por que recorrer ao estudo da metalinguagem jornalística por meio de um jornal
alternativo se a grande imprensa, considerada como paradigma de jornalismo, possui
elementos metalingüísticos? O objetivo central é refletir sobre a importância da mídia
alternativa no processo de construção de um jornalismo direcionado efetivamente para a
sociedade. A base teórica e de interpretação se valeu do conceito de metalinguagem, uma
segunda linguagem que analisa uma primeira, a linguagem-objeto. Os estudos dos teóricos no
âmbito internacional como Habermas, John Downing, Carnap, Jakobson, Barthes, Jesús
Martín-Barbero e Nelson Traquina, além dos de pesquisadores brasileiros como Bernardo
Kucinski, Ciro Marcondes Filho, Perseu Abramo e Nelson Werneck Sodré foram
fundamentais para dar conta, à luz das teorias da comunicação, da linguagem e da história da
imprensa, das etapas e objetivos propostos. A metodologia se pautou na análise qualitativodescritiva
da produção do periódico, especificamente aquela que se volta para a linguagem
jornalística nos seus 20 anos de existência. Das 400 edições existentes, foram selecionadas 40,
ou seja, extraiu-se o percentual de 10% da amostra em cada grupo de 100 exemplares, visando
traçar um perfil do metajornalismo do Jornal Pessoal. O trabalho se insere no âmbito da
Comunicação, sub-área Jornalismo, especificamente no que diz respeito à mídia alternativa.
Atualmente, nos encontros de pesquisadores no Brasil e exterior, tal expressão vem ganhando
força dada à possibilidade de abrigar os mais diversos objetos alternativos. Os resultados
obtidos são relevantes para o campo da Comunicação, pois lançam um novo olhar para a
mídia alternativa que deve ser destituído de preconceitos como o de associar esses meios a um
tipo de imprensa menor, marginal; mostram também a necessidade dos estudos na área
voltarem-se à história da imprensa com a finalidade de entender o processo de transformação
pelo qual passou a produção jornalística dentro do contexto do capitalismo, e, por fim, a
singularidade desta pesquisa de doutoramento que foi o de examinar, pela metalinguagem
jornalística operada por um jornal alternativo, os excessivos desvios de natureza ética da
grande imprensa na Amazônia, especificamente em Belém do Pará, que comprometem a
consolidação de um jornalismo cidadão
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[en] DISCLOSURES IN POLICE PRACTICE: CELLULAR PHONES AS A WEAPON OF COUNTER SURVEILLANCE / [pt] FLAGRANTES DA PRÁTICA POLICIAL: O CELULAR COMO ARMA DE CONTRAVIGILÂNCIAAMANDA DINUCCI ALMEIDA B VELASCO 14 August 2018 (has links)
[pt] O acesso do cidadão comum às tecnologias de imagem oferecidas pelos telefones celulares e a facilidade de compartilhamento de imagens no mundo paralelo da web favoreceram a produção e circulação de vídeos amadores que denunciam práticas policiais. Esse fenômeno contemporâneo aponta não apenas para o que tem sido caracterizado como uma sociedade do espetáculo e da vigilância, mas também para o que se entende hoje como uma prática de jornalismo cidadão. É a partir das contribuições das Ciências Sociais e da Comunicação Social sobre esses conceitos e à luz dos estudos da fala-em-interação que buscamos examinar como é construído interacionalmente esse flagrante em que o celular é usado como uma arma de contravigilância. O corpus desta pesquisa é constituído por um vídeo amador que registra a ação policial em uma comunidade que recebeu uma Unidade de Polícia Pacificadora (UPP), no Rio de Janeiro. A gravação retrata um conflito após uma abordagem, estando todos os participantes presentes na cena cientes da gravação. As imagens foram disponibilizadas na maior plataforma de compartilhamento de vídeos da atualidade, o YouTube. Trata-se de um estudo de caso que ilustra as relações entre controle e prazer, tecidas na criação e distribuição dessas imagens, e o modo como é construída a prática do jornalismo cidadão do tipo incriminativo. Os resultados apontam, primeiramente, para o modo como a estrutura de participação na cena evidencia a construção do espetáculo e ainda a disputa pela edição desse espetáculo. Revelam também a especificidade desse flagrante em relação a outras práticas de vigilância já descritas na literatura. Finalmente, demonstra que o aclamado empoderamento do jornalista cidadão, armado com sua câmera, não é um mito, mas tem limites. / [en] Access to image technology supplied by cellular phones and the easiness with which images can be shared through the parallel world of the web have favored ordinary citizens to video and share amateur films denouncing law enforcement practices. This contemporary phenomenon shows not only what has been characterized as a society of spectacle and surveillance, but also what is understood nowadays as citizen journalism. In the light of the speech in interaction studies and from the contribution of the Social Sciences and Social Communication we have tried to examine how these situations in which cellular phones are used as counter surveillance weapons are constructed by interaction. The corpus of this research is comprised by an amateur video that records police officers in action in a slum that has a Pacifying Police Unit (UPP) in Rio de Janeiro. The video records a conflict after the approach made by police officers and all of the participants present in the scene are aware of the recording. It was shared on YouTube, which is currently the world s largest video sharing platform. This case study shows the relationship between control and pleasure, woven in the making and distribution of these images. It also shows how incriminating citizen journalism is practiced. The results lead us to see, at first, the way in which the participation framework reveals how the spectacle is being constructed and demonstrates that the participants are competing for how to edit this spectacle. They also disclose the specificity of this situation of being caught in the act when compared to other surveillance practices already described in the literature. Finally, it demonstrates that this hailed empowerment of citizen journalists, armed with their cameras is not a myth, but has its limitations.
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An examination of the Mobisam project and Grocott's Mail : towards mobile social accountability monitoring in GrahamstownReinecke, Romi Kami January 2015 (has links)
This thesis critically examines the nature and purpose of the MobiSAM partnership, in relation to its value as a model resonating with normative theories on the role of the media in South African democratic society. The MobiSAM project introduces a mobile polling application, designed for citizens to provide real-time, user-generated data on crucial municipal service delivery such as clean water in Grahamstown, Eastern Cape, South Africa. The project has partnered with the local community newspaper, Grocott's Mail, to broadcast this data, with the aim to facilitate citizen participation in public problem solving and support local government accountability in service delivery. Despite pervasive poverty in areas such as the Eastern Cape, mobile penetration in South Africa is near universal. The MobiSAM partnership is an ongoing effort to forge new links between social accountability monitors, new media, traditional media, citizens and local government around public issues in Grahamstown, in line with the development objectives of the post-apartheid South African state. The overall theoretical framework for this thesis is taken from Christians, Glasser, McQuail, Nordenstreng and White's Normative Theories of the Media, which provides an analysis of four roles of the media in a democratic society, that is: the monitorial, the facilitative, the radical and the collaborative roles. Within each of these roles, the stated journalistic approach is explored, that is investigative journalism, public journalism, radical journalism and development journalism. Public journalism is focused on as having the most resonance with the goals of the MobiSAM partnership. The chosen research design is a critical realist case study with the selected methods of thematic document analysis and, primarily, in-depth interviews with key project participants. The research goals were to analyse this primary data against the normative theory on the role of the media in a democratic society, and the 'real world' constraints posed by the project’s specific political and socioeconomic context. The findings conclude by offering certain recommendations and areas for further research, such as the central importance of a dedicated municipal reporter for covering complex public issues. This critical realist case study, drawing on qualitative interviews with both the accountability monitors and the media practitioners, interrogates the philosophical understandings on the role of the media in this new project, towards an empirical model for advancing substantive socio-economic change through media in South Africa.
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Investigating at the grassroots: exploring the origins, purposes journalistic practices and outcomes in two award-winning Daily Dispatch editorial projectsLunga, Carolyne Mande January 2011 (has links)
This thesis explores the origins, purposes, journalistic practices and outcomes of two award-winning projects namely Broken Homes and Slumlords done by Daily Dispatch's Gcina Ntsaluba in 2009. The projects were described by the paper as investigative journalism but interestingly the original idea came from grassroots driven strategies and they were done by adopting alternative news gathering strategies and immersion in the ordinary people, inspired by public journalism. This thesis follows Christians et al's (2009) normative theoretical framework of press roles summarised as the monitorial, facilitative, collaborative and radical roles. It provides normative prescriptions of public and investigative journalism, development and radical journalism. It then draws on sociological theoretical critiques in order to provide an analytical overview of the complex matrix of political, economic and media contexts which influenced the origins, purposes, journalistic practices and outcomes of the two projects. Drawing on a critical realist case study design, the thesis goes on to provide a narrative account of the two projects based on the in-depth interviews exploring the editorial staffs ideas on the origins, purposes, journalistic practices and outcomes of the projects and a qualitative content/thematic analysis of the journalistic texts related to the projects. This primary data is then critically evaluated against normative theories of press performance, especially Nip's (2008) key practices and Haas's (2007) 'public philosophy' of public journalism. It is also evaluated against a normative framework of what constitutes "good investigative journalism" based on Ettema and Glasser (1998), Waisbord (2000) among others. Protess et al 1991's classic mobilisation model is used to interrogate the projects' outcomes. The thesis established that there was a close connection of the monitorial (investigative journalism), facilitative (public journalism) and radical (tabloid journalism) roles at the paper which shows that the roles are not mutually exclusive. The two projects however fell short of the collaborative role (development journalism) which can, partly, be attributed to the adversarial nature of the relationship between the state and the media. The Daily Dispatch also failed to activate a platform for deliberation and public problem solving. There might thus be more scope in adopting a 'facilitative monitorial role' which would not only expose those who violate other people's human rights, corrupt people and institutions that are not performing well. Instead it will also activate civic life and facilitate 'collaboration' between government and the publics in problem solving.
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Le journalisme citoyen à l'ère numérique : enjeux de la pratique journalistique de non-professionnels en ligne : étude de cas : les médias citoyens en persan / Citizen journalism in the digital age : Issues of online journalistic practices of non-professionals : Case Study : Citizen Media in PersianSadeghi, Mehrdad 24 May 2013 (has links)
Cette recherche académique s’intéresse à l’émergence des pratiques contemporaines du traitement de l'actualité en ligne, récemment mises à la portée de non professionnels grâce au développement des technologies de l'information et de la communications, et regroupées sous la notion de journalisme citoyen. Deux axes différents mais complémentaires constituent la base essentielle du programme de recherche : Le premier axe consiste à s’interroger sur la nature et l’identité de la profession de journaliste, ses poids et ses limites, ses évolutions après l’émergence du web, l’arrivée de nouveaux supports médiatiques et sa confrontation avec les nouvelles technologies de l’information et de la communication. Il s’attache également à comprendre et analyser l'essence, les particularités, les dimensions et les défis de la pratique journalistique amateur mise à la portée de tous via la technologie numérique. Le second axe est constitué d’une étude de cas sur les médias citoyens en persan. Il comprend plusieurs pistes de recherche et d’analyse : la sphère journalistique et l'environnement médiatique en Iran. Les circonstances de l’usage d’Internet et le taux de confiance des internautes face aux sources d’information citoyennes. La réception par les journalistes professionnels iraniens du phénomène de journalisme citoyen et celui de l’intervention en ligne de citoyens ordinaires sur l’actualité. Les priorités des créateurs de médias citoyens, leurs propres méthodes dans la collecte, le traitement et la publication de l‘information en ligne. La thèse prend en compte également les limites, restrictions et enjeux identitaires de cette nouvelle pratique journalistique au regard de ses pratiquants. / This academic research focuses on the emergence of contemporary practices in the treatment of online news recently brought within the reach of non-professionals through the development of information and communication technologies, and grouped under the concept of citizen journalism. Two different but complementary approaches constitute the essential basis of this research study: The first approach is to examine the nature and identity of the profession of journalism, its weight and its limits, and its evolution after the emergence of the Web, as well as the arrival of new media technology and its confrontation with information and communication technologies. It also attempts to understand and analyze the essence, characteristics, dimensions and challenges of the uses of amateur journalism brought to the attention of everyone via digital technology. The second approach consists of a case study of citizen media in Persian. It includes several researches and analyses, such as: The sphere of journalism and the media environment in Iran; the way in which Internet is used and the rate of trust of internet-users vis-à-vis the source of online information from citizens; the manner in which Iranian professional journalism receives citizen journalism and ordinary people’s involvement in the current affairs; the priorities of the creators of citizen media, and their own methods of collecting, processing and publishing online information. This thesis also takes into account the limitations, restrictions and identified issues of this new journalism practice in relation to its practitioners.
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Využívání sociálních sítí na Blízkém východě se zaměřením na území Palestiny / Use of social networks in the Middle East focusing on the territory of PalestineDrastilová, Lutfia January 2013 (has links)
(anglicky) Thesis focuses on the topic of usage of on-line social networks in the Middle East focusing on the territory of Palestine. Work consists of several theoretical parts. The first chapter deals with the definition of the region Middle East. In the next chapter is described a new media including social media. Then followed chapter about usage of on-line social networks in the region of Middle East. Next chapter deals about on-line social networks in Palestine territories. The final chapter assesses the whole problematic. [Author's abstract].
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La celeridad digital en los medios de comunicación debido a la covid-19 en los años 2020 – 2021. Una revisión bibliográfica / Digital speed in the media due to covid-19 in the years 2020 - 2021. A bibliographic reviewEstela Vargas, Bruno Enrique 07 July 2021 (has links)
La pandemia de la covid-19 ha generado cambios importantes en la manera de informar de los medios de comunicación. Es por este motivo que el presente trabajo busca analizar, a partir de las investigaciones existentes, las maneras por las cuales, debido a la pandemia, se ha acelerado la digitalización del periodismo. Produciendo cambios en la forma de trabajar de los periodistas que los ha llevado a abarcar temas; por ejemplo, en el campo de la salud que antes de la pandemia no eran su especialidad. Es importante investigar sobre este tema porque los cambios que se han producido van a modificar la manera de informar de los medios. / The covid-19 pandemic has generated important changes in the way of reporting by the media. This is reason that our work seeks to analyze, based on existing research, the ways in which, due to the pandemic, the digitization of journalism has accelerated. Producing changes in the way journalists work that has led them to cover issues; for example, in the health field, which before the pandemic were not his specialty. It is important to do research on this issue because the changes that have occurred will modify the way the media report. / Trabajo de investigación
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La celeridad digital en los medios de comunicación debido a la covid-19 en los años 2020 – 2021. Una revisión bibliográfica / Digital speed in the media due to covid-19 in the years 2020 - 2021. A bibliographic reviewEstela Vargas, Bruno Enrique 07 July 2021 (has links)
La pandemia de la covid-19 ha generado cambios importantes en la manera de informar de los medios de comunicación. Es por este motivo que el presente trabajo busca analizar, a partir de las investigaciones existentes, las maneras por las cuales, debido a la pandemia, se ha acelerado la digitalización del periodismo. Produciendo cambios en la forma de trabajar de los periodistas que los ha llevado a abarcar temas; por ejemplo, en el campo de la salud que antes de la pandemia no eran su especialidad. Es importante investigar sobre este tema porque los cambios que se han producido van a modificar la manera de informar de los medios. / The covid-19 pandemic has generated important changes in the way of reporting by the media. This is reason that our work seeks to analyze, based on existing research, the ways in which, due to the pandemic, the digitization of journalism has accelerated. Producing changes in the way journalists work that has led them to cover issues; for example, in the health field, which before the pandemic were not his specialty. It is important to do research on this issue because the changes that have occurred will modify the way the media report. / Trabajo de investigación
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Citizen OSINT Analysts : Motivations of Open-Source Intelligence VolunteersCochrane, Josie January 2022 (has links)
The amount of open-source information – that is, data, images, and footage that is openly available to the public - is growing exponentially. With it, so is the number of citizens analysing this data to form open-source intelligence (OSINT). Using the 2022 invasion of Ukraine as a case study, this study highlights the motivations behind the citizen OSINT analysts who are uncovering events on the frontline and verifying significant amounts of data from such events. Through interviews with 10 citizen OSINT analysts – all voluntarily contributing to OSINT in relation to the invasion of Ukraine, as well as other major OSINT projects – this study demonstrates the motivations behind this growing community. The findings reflect a new era of participation and advocacy and are a demonstration of self-determination theory. The findings demonstrate citizens’ sceptic views towards traditional media but also, that with a more analytical approach, with improved transparency and collaboration there is reason to be optimistic about the future of journalism and audience engagement.
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Citizen War Journalism on TikTok : A reception study about young adults’ trust in war content on the example of alternative reporting on the Israel-Gaza conflictFreimann, Christiane January 2024 (has links)
The social media platform TikTok is becoming an increasingly emerging space akin to a search engine, where news and information are shared and discovered, particularly amongst young adults. Whilst the majority of scholarly research on media trust in TikTok has concentrated on practices by professional journalists and news organizations, the entities represent only a fraction of the diverse actors, contributing to the platform's news-sharing media landscape. Notably, citizen journalists play a pivotal role in generating and disseminating war-related content on TikTok. TikTok personae have the ability to build strong relationships with followers. Such relationships, which carry great audience loyalty potential, are investigated through parasocial interaction in combination with the uses and gratifications theory. This study is a reception study of a young audience based primarily in Austria and Sweden which aims to investigate media trust in war-related content amongst ordinary individuals. Through focused interviews with 18 to 28-year-old TikTok users, reactions to viral videos will be assessed in order to establish trust factors and gain insights into their user behavior and news consumption habits on the app. Findings indicate that the TikTok algorithm influences young adults and they approach citizen- generated news content cautiously due to potential viral motives amongst creators, particularly when addressing sensitive topics such as the Israel-Gaza crisis. However, they recognize the value of opinionated content as a tool for young people to build an opinion on political topics. Keywords: Citizen Journalism, TikTok, War, Social Media Trust, Israel-Gaza Crisis, Para Social Interaction, Uses and Gratifications
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