Interest in teacher effectiveness and merit pay has continued to be a high priority for major stakeholders in the field of education as well as the public. The focus of this research was to test the hypothesis that the implementation of a classroom bonus plan would improve the observable attributes and behaviors of teaching that have been determined to be effective in improving student learning. Specifically, the study was conducted to measure intentional teacher-student interactions, classroom quality, environment and organization as well as emotional and instructional support in Pre-K classrooms as measured by Classroom Assessment Scoring System (CLASS). During a summer Voluntary PreK program, six eligible classroom teams (teacher and teacher assistant) were randomly divided into either a bonus or non-bonus group. A pre- and post-CLASS was completed on each classroom team of participants to evaluate the quality of their instruction. The CLASS score assesses team versus individual participation, resulting in a compiled score based on the performance of all classroom staff members, i.e., teacher and teacher assistant. There was no statistical significance of the CLASS post-assessment score between the bonus and non-bonus group. However, two of the four bonus group participant teams achieved the targeted scores needed to receive a bonus. None of the non-bonus group achieved the targeted score. Additionally, pre- and post-assessment data for the entire student population of the Agency Summer VPK program was examined. There was no significance in student post-assessment scores between the three groups (bonus, non-bonus, and nonparticipants)

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka vilka pedagogiska resurser som är möjliggörande för ett lärande i en klassrumsmiljö. Lärarens kunskap samt erfarenhet när det kommer till pedagogiskt arbete med diagnoser, vad har det för avgörande roll i elevens mottaglighet? Därav blir frågan vilka metoder och strategier som används i deras dagliga arbetsroll. I studien kommer olika pedagogiska metoder att ställas i förhållande till varandra. I studien har vi tillämpat en kvalitativ metod, dels för att analysera den empiriska data i studien. Samtidigt för att få möjlighet till att hålla halvstrukturerade intervjuer med lärare som arbetar i en klassrumsmiljö där det förekommer diagnoser. Med hjälp av de halvstrukturerade intervjuerna som genomförts har de klargjorts att det primära för ett lärande, dels är ett lågaffektivt förhållningssätt. Övervägande är även arbetet med tydliggörande pedagogik för att öka elevens möjlighet till ett lärande. Målet är att eleverna ska uppnå en känsla av sammanhang genom att vara delaktiga i sin skolgång, trots den existerande problematiken som en diagnos kan medföra. Att engagera eleven i sin skolgång kan öka elevens motivation och intresse för att lära sig, samtidigt som eleven får möjlighet att utvecklas i den befintliga miljön. / The purpose of this study is to investigate which educational resources are enabling for learning in a classroom environment. The teacher's knowledge and experience when it comes to pedagogical work with diagnoses, what decisive role does it play in the student's receptivity? Hence the question becomes which methods and strategies are used in their daily work role. In the study, different pedagogical methods will be put in relation to each other. In the study, we have applied a qualitative method, partly to analyze the empirical data in the study. At the same time to have the opportunity to hold semi-structured interviews with teachers who work in a classroom environment where diagnoses occur. With the help of the semi-structured interviews that have been carried out, it has been made clear that the primary thing for learning is, on the one hand, a low-affective approach. Work with clarifying pedagogy to increase the student's opportunity for learning is also predominant. The goal is for the students to achieve a sense of context by being involved in their schooling, despite the existing problems that a diagnosis can bring. Engaging the student in their schooling can increase the student's motivation and interest in learning, while at the same time giving the student the opportunity to develop in the existing environment.

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The purpose of this multiple site case study was to determine whether implementing the cooperative learning element of structuring student interactions is a possible contributing solution to student disenfranchisement and lack of social skills. This study explored student and teacher attitudes and perceptions, in seven separate secondary social studies classrooms, regarding their classroom environment before and after an intervention that trains teachers on how to implement four structured student interactions focused on class building and teambuilding. This study is in response to the diagnosis of educational administrators and classroom teachers facing challenges in building positive school and classroom environments. The lack of social skills and the inability to work well with each other diminishes the opportunities for the creation of positive school and classroom environments. As a result, students may become disenfranchised, evidenced by dropout rates and the disinterest in activities provided in the classroom. The study consisted of case study methodology using surveys, interviews, focus group sessions, lesson plans, teacher journals and classroom observations to document the story of the possible impact of implementing structured student interactions. The study revealed that it was inconclusive whether the intervention strategies had an overall positive or negative effect in the perceptions of engagement, interdependence, accountability and equity. Despite the conclusion, the data provide several opportunities for discussion within the areas of classroom environment, instructional leadership, instructional coaching, implementation fidelity of new strategies and teacher self-study of practice. / Educational Administration

This study explores the realm of foreign language speaking anxiety (FLSA) among Swedish upper secondary school students studying English through a mixed-method approach combining surveys and qualitative interviews. By analyzing responses from a questionnaire distributed to a sample of 99 students and conducting in-depth interviews with four participants, this research aims to explore the extent of speech anxiety among the students, its contributing factors, and viable strategies for teachers to mitigate it. Findings reveal multifaceted sources of speech anxiety, ranging from fear of judgment to lack of self-confidence. Additionally, participants provide valuable insights into the role of teachers in addressing this issue, emphasizing the importance of fostering a safe and encouraging learning environment and working with students' self-confidence. This research contributes insights into understanding and addressing speech anxiety in educational settings, offering practical implications for educators to help students.

郭伯良. / 论文(哲学{273464}士)--香港中文大学, 2004. / 参考文献 (p. 155-181). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Abstracts also in English. / Guo Boliang. / Lun wen (Zhe xue bo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2004. / Can kao wen xian (p. 155-181).

published_or_final_version / Education / Master / Master of Education

published_or_final_version / Education / Master / Master of Education

Thesis (MedPsych)--Stellenbosch University, 2012. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Many communities in South Africa are exposed to continuous adversity in the form of poverty, malnutrition, violence, crime, overcrowding, neglect and oppression. Continuous exposure to adverse living conditions can have a negative impact on a child‟s development. Research was undertaken in an attempt to understand the classroom behaviour of children who live in conditions of continuous adversity, as well as the effect that the adversity may have on their academic performance, their emotional state and their interaction with peers in the classroom. A bio-ecological framework was employed to understand the interaction between the individual and the different systems that he or she forms part of. This study was undertaken within an interpretive paradigm and a qualitative methodology was used in gathering the data. Data was gathered through the use of observation, semi-structured interviews, checklists and review of documents. A constant comparative method of data analysis was used to analyse the data. Research findings indicated that most of the participants displayed inappropriate classroom behaviour which included poor academic performance, withdrawal types of behaviour and externalising disruptive behaviour such as aggression and poor social interaction with the teacher and their peers. These participants also presented with some physical symptoms and displayed emotional states such as anger, sadness and anxiety. It was also evident that the participants had been exposed to pervasive conditions of poverty and adverse life circumstances in their communities. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Baie gemeenskappe in Suid-Afrika word blootgestel aan voortdurende ongunstige omstandighede in die vorm van armoede, wanvoeding, geweld, misdaad, oorvol huise, verwaarlosing en onderdrukking. Voortdurende blootstelling aan ongunstige lewensomstandighede kan ʼn negatiewe uitwerking hê op ʼn kind se ontwikkeling. Navorsing is onderneem in ʼn poging om die klaskamergedrag te verstaan van kinders wat in voortdurende ongunstige omstandighede leef, asook om insig te kry in die effek van hierdie omstandighede op hul akademiese prestasie, hul emosionele toestand en hul interaksie met hul klasmaats. ʼn Bio-ekologiese raamwerk is gebruik om die interaksie tussen die individu en die verskillende sisteme waarvan hy of sy deel uitmaak, te verstaan. Hierdie studie is binne ʼn interpretatiewe paradigma gedoen en ʼn kwalitatiewe metodologie is gebruik vir die insameling van data. Data-insameling is gedoen deur middel van waarneming, semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude, kontrolelyste en dokumentoorsig. ʼn Konstante vergelykende metode van data-analise is gebruik om die data te ontleed. Die navorsingsbevindings het aangetoon dat die meeste van die deelnemers ontoepaslike klaskamergedrag openbaar het. Dit behels ook swak akademiese prestasie, teruggetrokke gedrag en ontwrigtende gedrag soos aggressie en swak sosiale interaksie met die onderwyser en hul klasmaats. Hierdie deelnemers het sekere fisieke simptome asook emosionele toestande soos woede, hartseer en angstigheid gerapporteer. Voorts was dit duidelik dat die deelnemers blootgestel was aan voortdurende toestande van armoede en ongunstige lewensomstandighede in hul gemeenskappe.

This observational study involving intact groups and convenient sampling examined learning communities at four North Texas Community Colleges. The purpose of this study was to determine if there was a significant difference in cathectic learning climate, inimical ambiance, academic rigor, affiliation and structure among students in learning communities and freestanding classes. Learning communities are gaining nationwide popularity as instruments of reform in Higher Education. Recent studies have discussed the benefits of learning communities to student, faculty and institutions. As learning communities are gaining popularity, especially at the community college level, there is a need to determine if the learning communities are significantly different than freestanding classes. The College Classroom Environment Scales, developed by Winston, Vahala, Nichols, Gillis, Wintrow, and Rome (1989), was used as the survey instrument for this study. Using SPSS 10.1, a multivariate analysis of variance, (Hotelling's T2) was performed on five dependent variables: cathectic learning climate (CLC), inimical ambiance (IA), academic rigor (AR), affiliation (AF), and structure (ST), which yielded a significant difference. The independent variable was learning community compared to freestanding classes (group). Follow-up independent t tests were also conducted to evaluate the differences in the means between the two groups and to explore which dependent variables contributed to the multivariate difference, which resulted in significant differences in inimical ambiance, affiliation and structure. The researcher concludes that learning communities make a difference for some learners, but not necessarily all and that more research needs to be conducted to find the answers to the questions concerning the efficacy and sustainability of learning communities in higher education.