Introdução: As fissuras bilaterais de lábio e palato sempre apresentaram divergências a respeito de seu tratamento cirúrgico. Nesta pesquisa duas técnicas cirúrgicas para correção de fissuras de lábio bilaterais, a Clássica de Spina (grupo S) e a de Spina modificada pelo Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais da Universidade de São Paulo (HRAC-USP) (grupo TD) foram comparadas. Os objetivos deste estudo foram: determinar os resultados estéticos, as complicações pós-operatórias imediatas e mediatas, a satisfação pessoal da aparência e do tratamento recebido, bem como a qualidade de vida em indivíduos com fissuras transforame bilateral, operados no HRAC-USP pelas técnicas de Spina e Spina modificada pelo HRAC-USP. Método: Após aprovação do comitê de ética e pesquisa e obtenção do consentimento informado, foram avaliados setenta e seis indivíduos, 48 do sexo masculino e 28 do sexo feminino. O grupo S apresentou-se com 44 indivíduos e o grupo TD com 32. Julgadores fizeram análises subjetivas em fotografias de sete atributos em cada indivíduo, utilisando-se de uma escala numérica de 1 a 5. Da análise de prontuários foram obtidas as complicações pós operatórias imediatas e mediatas, além do número de internações cirúrgicas e do número de retornos ambulatoriais. Os próprios indivíduos responderam a duas escalas visuais analógicas (EVA), uma de satisfação da sua aparência e outra do tratamento recebido no HRAC-USP e também a um questionário de qualidade de vida da Organização Mundial da Saúde (WHOQOL-bref). Resultados: As duas técnicas cirúrgicas utilizadas não mostraram diferença estatística nas análises fotográficas subjetivas. As complicações cirúrgicas imediatas e mediatas foram semelhantes entre os grupos. Houve diferença estatística significante quanto ao número de cirurgias (p=0,0000), o grupo S apresentou 8,06 (2,18) e o grupo TD apresentou 4,72 (1,45) internações cirúrgicas, os atendimentos ambulatoriais não apresentaram diferenças apresentando para o grupo S 27,49 (17,58) e 22,31 (15,38) vindas ao hospital. As escalas visuais analógicas (EVA) de satisfação da aparência apresentaram para o grupo S 53,80 (14,46) e TD 57,54 (14,41) e do tratamento recebido no HRAC-USP para S 68,14 (11,16) e TD 63,18 (11,39). O WHOQOL-bref também não mostrou diferença entre os grupos em nenhum dos seus domínios. Conclusão: As queiloplastias realizadas pelas técnicas de Spina e de Spina modificada pelo HRAC-USP, não mostraram diferença estatística nos resultados das avaliações fotográficas, das complicações pós operatórias imediatas e mediatas, do número de atendimentos ambulatoriais, das escalas visuais analógicas de satisfação da aparência e do atendimento recebido no HRAC-USP, e do questionário de qualidade de vida. Os indivíudos operados pela técnica de Spina modificada pelo HRAC-USP apresentaram menos internações cirúrgicas que indivíduos os operados pela técnica clássica de Spina, com resultados estatísticos significativos. / Background: The bilateral cleft lip palate ever had a divergence of its treatment. In this research two techniques to correction bilateral cleft lip, Spina classic technique (S group) and Spina modified by HRAC-USP (TD group). Aims: Determine the esthetical results, immediate and mediate postoperative complications, the number of surgeries and ambulatory attendance, the personal satisfaction with its appearance and received attendance, and the quality of life in subjects with bilateral clef lip palate, operated in the HRAC-USP by Spina and Spina modified by HRACUSP techniques of cheiloplasty. Method: After approve of the ethical committee and attainment of assent, was evaluated 74 subjects, 46 male and 28 female. The S group had 42 and the TD group with 32 subjects. Judges made facial analysis in photographs of seven attributes in each subject, using an analogical scale of 1 to 5. From the bedside assessment the immediate and mediate complications was taken. The number of surgical procedures and ambulatorial coming was tabulated. The own subjects answer two visual analogical scale (EVA) of satisfaction of appearance and the treatment received at HRAC-USP and an OMS quality of life questionnaire (WHOQOL-bref). Results: The two techniques utilized did not show statistic difference in the subjective facial analyses. The immediate and mediate complications were similar between the groups. There were significant difference in the number of surgical procedures (p=0000), S group had 8,06 (± 2,18) and TD group 4,72 (± 1,45) surgical internment. The ambulatory coming did not show differences, the S group had 27,49 (± 17,58) and TD 22,31 (± 15,38) coming to to the Hospital. The visual analogical scales (EVA) of satisfaction whit the appearance shows for S group 53,80 (± 14,46) e TD 57,54 (± 14,41) and the do treatment received at HRAC-USP for S group 68,14 (± 11,16) e TD 63,18 (± 11,39). The WHOQOL-bref did not show differences between the groups in none of their dominion. Discussion: All elements of this work were interpreted and analysis was performed whit literature correlation. Conclusion: The cheiloplasty whit the technique of Spina and Spina modified by HRAC-USP, did not show statistical difference in the results of photographs evaluation, immediate e mediate complications, the number of coming to the hospital, the visual analogical scale of satisfaction whit the appearance and the treatment received at HRAC-USP and the questionnaire of quality of life. The subjects submitted to the Spina technique modified by HRAC-USP shows less surgical procedures that those submitted to the classical Spina technique whit statistical significance difference.

As fissuras orofaciais, ou fissuras labiopalatinas, são malformações prevalentes na população mundial, presente em cerca de um a cada 700 nascimentos. Dentro das fissuras orofaciais, um grupo etiologicamente distinto é composto pelas fissuras de lábio com ou sem fissura de palato, que, em 70% dos casos, não estão associadas a nenhuma comorbidade (fissuras de lábio com ou sem palato não sindrômicas, FL/P NS). A etiologia das FL/P NS é complexa, e em muitos casos apresenta herança multifatorial. A contribuição genética para as FL/P NS, embora sabidamente relevante, ainda é pouco conhecida. Ainda, os loci de suscetibilidade consistentemente associados às FL/P NS, não conferem um risco que explique a herdabilidade total da doença. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi investigar, por meio de diferentes estratégias, variantes de risco às FL/P NS. Utilizando sequenciamento de exoma em casos familiais, verificamos que o gene codificante da caderina epitelial, CDH1, contribui importantemente com variantes raras de efeito moderado a alto na etiologia das FL/Ps. Além disso, propusemos que também podem ter relevância etiológica genes envolvidos na via de polaridade planar celular, transição epitélio-mesênquima, adesão celular, regulação de ciclo celular ou de interação com microtúbulos. Por meio de um estudo de associação com correção para estratificação populacional, caracterizamos o intervalo de associação da região 8q24, o principal locus de suscetibilidade às FL/P, e identificamos associação significativa também para a região 20q12. Por fim, combinando o estudo de associação com mapeamento de eQTLs, encontramos pela primeira vez a associação entre marcadores na região 2p13, que regulam MRPL53, em FL/P NS. Em conclusão, este trabalho contribui para o melhor entendimento da relevância de variantes raras, de efeito moderado a alto, e comuns, de efeito pequeno, na etiologia das FL/P NS / Orofacial clefts (or cleft lip/palate) are congenital malformations with high prevalence in population (∼1:700 births). Among the orofacial cleft types, an etiologically distinct group is composed by cleft lip with or without cleft palate, which, in 70% of cases, is not accompanied by other malformations (nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate, NSCL/P). NSCL/P presents complex etiology, often with multifactorial inheritance. Although important, the genetic contribution to NSCL/P is still poorly comprehended, and the susceptibility loci that have been associated with NSCL/P do not explain the totality of the disease\'s heritability. In light of this, our aim was to investigate risk variants for NSCL/P by means of different strategies. With exome sequencing for NSCL/P familial cases, we report that the epithelial cadherin-encoding gene contributes with rare, moderate-to-high risk variants to NSCL/P etiology. In addition, we suggest an etiological contribution of genes laying in planar cell polarity pathway, or involved with epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cell adhesion, cell cycle regulation, and interaction with microtubules. Using structured association approach, we narrowed the associated interval of 8q24 region in a Brazilian population, and also validated the association for 20q12. Finally, by combining association analysis with eQTL mapping, we found association of regulatory variants of MRPL53, in 2p13, with NSCL/P. In conclusion, this study contributes with a deeper comprehension of the etiological role of rare and common variants for NSCL/P

Objetivo: Desenvolver um material didático abordando etapas e estratégias fonoterapêuticas para tratamento das alterações de fala decorrentes da disfunção velofaríngea, especificamente para tratamento de distúrbios de fala causados pelo erro de funcionamento velofaríngeo na velofaringe hipodinâmica. Metodologia: O material foi elaborado em formato de mídia eletrônica incluindo vídeos demonstrativos, imagens e texto narrado contemplando 5 módulos específicos. O material produzido foi avaliado por 5 fonoaudiólogos, quanto ao conteúdo e usabilidade por meio do questionário EMORY adaptado. Estes mesmos avaliadores também responderam a um segundo questionário elaborado pela autora sobre o conteúdo abordado. Posteriormente, foi realizado um treinamento da aprendizagem e usabilidade do material com graduandos de fonoaudiologia, por meio da aplicação de um questionário antes e após o acesso. Resultados: Em geral o material foi julgado como excelente ou satisfatório pelas avaliadoras nos vários aspectos analisados. Com relação às respostas obtidas sobre a confiabilidade e atualização das informações disponibilizadas, 80% das participantes consideraram o material excelente e 20% consideraram satisfatório. Quanto à ortografia e gramática 40% consideraram o material excelente e 60% satisfatório. Os alunos acertaram uma média de 73,7% das questões antes do acesso ao material aumentando esta porcentagem para 96,8% após o acesso. Conclusão: Estes resultados revelam uma diferença significativa na porcentagem de respostas corretas entre as condições antes e após o acesso (p=<0,001), confirmando a hipótese postulada de que o material tem um impacto positivo no entendimento dos alunos quanto às estratégias terapêuticas para corrigir as alterações de fala relacionadas à velofaríngea hipodinâmica. / Objective: To develop a didactic material with the stages and strategies used during speech therapy to correct speech disorders related to velopharyngeal dysfunction, including the errors related to velopharyngeal dysfunction associated to velopharyngeal hypodynamism. Methods: The material was elaborated in electronic media format characterized by illustrative videos, images and narrated text for each specific module. The material was evaluated with the Health-Related Website Evaluation Form (Emory-Adapted) by 5 speech-language pathologists regarding its content and usability. The same five evaluators answered to another questionnaire developed by this author to evaluate the content included in the material. Posteriorly a training was implemented with Communication Sciences and Disorders students and a questionnaire was applied before and after access to the material to evaluate their learning. Results: In general, the material was rated as excellent or satisfactory by the evaluators. In relation to the trustworthiness and the updating of the information provided, 80% of the evaluators rated the material as excellent and 20% as satisfactory. The mean correct answers obtained by the students before access to the material was 73,7% which increased to 96,8% after using the material. Conclusion: These results reveal a significant difference in the percentage of correct responses between the conditions before and after access to the material (p<0,001), confirming the hypothesis that the material has a positive impact in the understanding of students regarding the therapeutic strategies used to correct speech error related to velopharyngeal hypodynamism.

Introdução: Indivíduos com fissura palatina podem apresentar disfunção velofaríngea após palatoplastia primária e assim, necessitarem de um procedimento secundário. Nestes casos, a prótese de palato pode ser utilizada temporariamente enquanto aguarda-se a cirurgia, além de funcionar como uma ferramenta diagnóstica ou mesmo terapêutica. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo comparar a ressonância de fala, nas condições com e sem prótese de palato. Material e Método: A casuística do estudo foi composta por 30 pacientes (15 do sexo feminino e 15 de masculino), com fissura labiopalatina operada que foram submetidos à palatoplastia primária entre 9 e 18 meses de idade. Todos permaneceram com insuficiência velofaríngea após a palatoplastia primária e estavam temporariamente utilizando prótese de palato enquanto aguardavam melhora do funcionamento velofaríngeo para definição de procedimento cirúrgico para reparo da insuficiência. Os pacientes faziam uso de prótese de palato há, pelo menos, 6 meses e, no momento da avaliação estavam com idades entre 6 e 14 anos (Média = 9 anos). O funcionamento velofaríngeo foi avaliado por meio do Teste de Hipernasalidade e do julgamento perceptivoauditivo por ouvintes da ocorrência (presença/ausência) da hipernasalidade de fala, ambos nas condições com e sem prótese de palato. Resultados: No Teste de Hipernasalidade, o resultado do numerador revelou uma média de 2,64 na condição com prótese de palato e uma média de 9,77 na condição sem prótese. A diferença entre as duas condições foi estatisticamente significante, demonstrando melhora na função velofaríngea com o uso da prótese de palato. O julgamento da ocorrência de hipernasalidade realizado por ouvintes demonstrou concordância intraouvintes de 100% na condição com prótese e de 83% na condição sem prótese de palato e concordância interouvintes de 83% a 97% na condição com prótese e de 93% na sem prótese. Os resultados revelaram presença de hipernasalidade em 28 (93%) pacientes na condição sem prótese e ausência de hipernasalidade em 2 (7%) pacientes, enquanto que na com prótese houve presença de hipernasalidade em 9 (30%) e ausência de hipernasalidade em 21 (70%). A diferença entre as duas condições foi estatisticamente significante, demonstrando melhora significante da ressonância de fala com o uso da prótese de palato. Conclusão: O uso temporário da prótese de palato foi capaz de corrigir a insuficiência velofaríngea e eliminar a hipernasalidade de fala da maior parte dos pacientes do presente estudo, possibilitando, assim, se prever bom prognóstico de fala com a indicação de uma cirurgia secundária. / Introduction: Individuals with cleft palate can present velopharyngeal dysfunction after primary palatoplasty and thus require a secondary procedure. In these cases, the speech bulb can be used temporarily while waiting for the surgery, besides functioning as a diagnostic or even a therapy tool. Objective: This study aimed to compare the speech resonance in the conditions with and without speech bulb. Methods: The sample of this study had 30 unilateral cleft lip and palate patients, 15 females and 15 males, who underwent primary palatoplasty between 9 and 18 months of age. All of them remained with velopharyngeal insufficiency after primary palatoplasty and were making temporary use of speech bulb (for at least 6 months) while waiting improvement of velopharyngeal function for defining a surgical procedure to repair the failure. Their ages ranged between 6 and 14 years (Mean = 9 years) by the time the evaluation was performed. The velopharyngeal function was assessed by means of the Hypernasality Test and by the perceptual judgement of the hypernasality occurrence (presence/absence), by listeners, both with and without speech bulb. Results: In Hypernasality Test, the result has shown an average of 2.64 in the condition with speech bulb and an average of 9.77 without speech bulb. The difference between the two conditions was statistically significant, showing an improvement in velopharyngeal function with the use of speech bulb. The judgement of the hypernasality occurrence performed by judges has shown an intrajudge agreement of 100% with speech bulb and 83% without speech bulb, and an interjudge agreement varying from 83% to 97% with speech bulb and of 93% without the bulb. The results of the judgements revealed presence of hypernasality without speech bulb for 28 (93%) patients and absence of that for 2 (7%). With speech bulb only 9 (30%) patients were judged to present hypernasality, and 21 (70%) were judged to be normal. The difference between the two conditions was statistically significant, demonstrating significant improvement in speech resonance with the use of speech bulb. Conclusion: The temporary use of speech bulb was able to correct velopharyngeal insufficiency and eliminate hypernasality for most patients of this study, thus enabling to predict good speech prognosis with the indication of a secondary surgery.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Complete bilateral cleft lip and palate are one of the most severe forms of orofacial deformities. This is why their rehabilitation represents a special challenge to the interdisciplinary treatment team. The ideal procedure of treatment is still today an object of controversial discussions and the aim of many investigations. Especially the right moment for the repair of the hard palate is disputed. Thereby an undisturbed development of speech contrasts to an inhibition of growth because of resulting scar tissue. To evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of several treatment concepts the analysis of plaster models has been proved to be a suitable method. In this study the maxillary morphology of cleft patients with deciduous dentition was analysed following the investigations of KRAUSE (2005) that are concerning the infant situation. Thereby it was focused on the vertical development to which item only a few studies exist until now. The patients were treated following two different concepts with early or late closure of the palate respectively, which were compared. Additionally a comparison to a group of non cleft children was made. The group of investigation derived from the archive of the “Zentrum für Mund-, Kiefer-, Gesichtschirurgie” of the University of Leipzig including models of 16 patients at the average age of 4 years and 2 months of it. The therapy of all patients was done according to the same concept which included a similar closure of the lip at an average age of 5 months after an early orthodontic treatment according to HOTZ. The closure of the palate took place at the age of 10 up to 14 which was long before the time of investigation. They were compared to a reference group of 21 cleft patients of the former “Wolfgang-Rosenthal-Klinik” in Thallwitz. The average age in this group was 4 years and 8 months. These patients underwent the same procedure as well without an orthodontic treatment and with a two-phase lip closure at the age between 4 and 6 months. The repair of the palate was made only after our point of investigation. The control group of non cleft children finally originated in a collection of the former head of the orthodontic and prosthetic compartment of the University of Leipzig Prof. Dr. Kleeberg including models of 34 patients. Also these subjects had a complete deciduous dentition. However, the exact age could not be determined. All plaster casts were measured three-dimensionally with the reflex-microscope. As reference points served special points of the mucosal surface defined by ASHLEY-MONTAGU and SILLMAN as well as by MAZAHERI. To enable vertical measurements a plane of reference was constructed with the help of the tuberosity points and the half intercanine distance. The results showed clear differences between the two cleft groups as well as to the non cleft control group. Thereby it had to be discriminated between the results of the orthodontic treatment and the lip closure and those caused by the early or late repair of the palate respectively. Considering the vertical development especially the latter became obvious. So the segmental ends of the reference group showed a more pronounced cranial collapse than those of the group of investigation what is probably due to the late closure of the palate. However the premaxilla of the group of investigation was obviously more caudal situated so the incisal point showed a significant difference to the non cleft controls. On the contrary there were greater differences within the reference group regarding the vertical position of the premaxilla which was also more rotated than in the group of investigation. Probably because of the two-phase lip closure the right end of the premaxilla was more cranial located so the vertical distance between the alveolar segment and the premaxilla was greater on the left side. Furthermore the incisal point showed a greater deviation from the midline than it was in the group of investigation what is probably also due to the two-phase lip closure. The smallest deviation from the midline was found in the control group. In transversal direction there was a similar unfavorable relation between anterior and posterior arch width in both cleft groups, what became obvious with a significant smaller segmental angle than it was in the non cleft group. This was caused by a significant smaller anterior arch width in the group of investigation whereas the posterior arch width was almost normal. This was probably due to the early orthodontic treatment and the simultaneous lip closure as well as to the early palatal closure. In contrast the anterior arch width of the reference group showed hardly any differences but the posterior width was significant greater than in the control group. This development may have been caused by the late palatal repair allowing an unimpeded growth to take place. Finally the evaluation of the sagittal relations revealed a greater arch length in the cleft groups than in the control group. The greatest distance became again obvious in the reference group. For this difference was already measured in infancy one can presume that the closure of palate did not have a great influence on that development but the orthodontic treatment did. In summary it can be concluded that the time of palatal closure is mainly relevant concerning the vertical development but also in regard of the intertuberosity width. Thus the results of this study suggest a more favorable effect of an early closure of the palate. To verify these results further studies especially after palatal closure in the reference group are necessary. Furthermore a vertical measurement related to the cranium would be suitable.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007. / Title from first page of PDF file (viewed Oct. 31, 2007). Includes bibliographical references (p. 42-45).

Introdução e objetivos: crianças e adolescente com fissuras labiopalatinas frequentemente apresentam dificuldades alimentares. O pré-operatório costuma ser um momento crítico, cheio de tensões e medos. O período pósoperatório é longo e a alimentação necessita ser alterada pelo menos por 30 dias. Este estudo avaliou o estado nutricional de crianças e adolescentes no pré-operatório de fissuras labiopalatinas, além de descrever a antropometria, o padrão alimentar e comparar o estado nutricional com a faixa etária, o tipo de fissura, o gênero e os exames laboratoriais. Métodos: estudo transversal de uma série de casos, avaliados no dia do procedimento cirúrgico. Foram avaliados 45 pacientes entre zero e 19 anos, operados no Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre e no Serviço Pró-Face de Assistência Social do Círculo Operário Caxiense. Resultados: dentre os pacientes 16 (35,6%) estavam eutróficos; 13 (28,9%) desnutridos; 16 (35,6%) apresentavam sobrepeso e 9 (20%) baixa estatura. O tipo de fissura labiopalatina esteve mais relacionada com o sexo masculino 27 (60%). O VCM estava estatisticamente associado com o E/I e a dosagem de transferrina com a DCT. As crianças ≤ 5 anos consumiam diariamente mais produtos lácteos (p=0,023) e frutas (p=0,025) e as crianças > 5 anos mais leguminosas (p=0,041). Conclusão: a antropometria apresentou índices dentro da normalidade. O estado nutricional deste grupo de crianças e adolescentes que se submeteram a correção cirúrgica de fissura labiopalatina foi satisfatório, pois a maior parte dos pacientes se mostrou eutrófico. Entretando, é preocupante que quase 30% dos pacientes estivessem desnutridos em um momento crítico como o pré-operatório. As crianças com menos de 5 anos apresentaram uma alimentação mais saudável do que as maiores de 5 anos. A avaliação do estado nutricional no pré-operatório destas criancas é importante para o desfecho do procedimento. / Introduction: Children and adolescents with Cleft Lip and Palate – CL/P, often have feeding disorders. Thus, considering that preoperative period may be a critical moment, full of concerns and fears; and the postoperative period usually is longer, the diet care must be taken at least 30 days before surgery. Under these circumstances, this study have assessed the nutritional status of children and adolescents in the preoperative for clefting surgery, also describing their anthropometry, dietary patterns, and comparing all data according age, type of cleft, gender and laboratorial tests results (biochemical analysis). Methods: A cross-sectional study of a series of cases evaluated on the surgery day. We have assessed 45 patients between 0 and 19 years-old, who underwent surgical correction of CL/P at Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre and Serviço Pró-Face de Assistência Social do Círculo Operário Caxiense4. Results: 16 (35.6%) of the patients were well-nourished, 13 (28.9%) were malnourished, 16 (35.6%) were overweight, and 9 (20%) have their growth stunted. 27 (60%) of the patients with cleft lip and palate was male. The Mean Corpuscular Volume-MCV was statistically associated with the H/A, and the transferrin level with the TSF. 5-year, or under, children daily consume more dairy products (p=0.023) and fruits (p=0.025) and children older than 5-year, consume more leaf vegetables (p=0.041) and sugars (p=0.065). Conclusion: Anthropometric indexes have showed normal. The nutritional status of children and adolescents who underwent surgical repair for cleft lip and palate is satisfactory. However, it is worrying that almost 30% of patients were malnourished at a critical time as the preoperative. Children under five years had a healthier diet than those older than 5 years. The assessment of nutritional status in children and adolescents on cleft lip and palate preoperative must be emphasized in order to achieve the procedure outcome.

The thesis deals with specific nursing care for children with facial cleft anomalies. Facial clefts belong to frequent congenital anomalies with incidence of 1 : 500 in lively born children, which is why adequate care has to be provided to these children to honour the founder of Czech plastic surgery Prof. František Burian. Two goals were set in this thesis. The first goal was to elaborate a proposal of a nursing procedure for children with facial cleft. The other goal was to elaborate an educational programme for nurses and parents of children with facial cleft anomalies. Both the goals have been achieved. Two hypotheses were set in this thesis: Hypothesis No. 1 ?Nurses working at a specialized department are sufficiently informed on the care about children with facial cleft anomalies?. Hypothesis No. 2 ?Nurses working at maternity wards are sufficiently informed on the care about children with facial cleft anomalies?. Two research questions were also set before the research itself: Research question No. 1: How do nurses provide specific nursing care to children with facial cleft anomalies? Research question No. 2: What principles do nurses consider important for the care about children with facial cleft anomalies? The questionnaire, interview and observation methods were used for data collection. The questionnaire was based on information obtained from literature and was designed for ward nurses. The interview was prepared upon own experience from observation of nurses in the Královské Vinohrady University Hospital in the Centre for Cleft Anomalies Treatment and upon information from literature. 60 questionnaires were distributed in the České Budějovice Hospital in March 2011. There were 47 completed questionnaires suitable for processing. 11 questionnaires were distributed in the Královské Vinohrady University Hospital in March 2011. 9 completed questionnaires were used for processing. The research sample for the interview consisted of 11 nurses working in the Královské Vinohrady University Hospital, the Centre for Cleft Anomalies Treatment, the Paediatric ICU and the Paediatric ward. The results show that the nurses working at maternity wards are sufficiently informed. The results also show how nurses provide specific nursing care and what principles they consider important. We have elaborated educational programmes for parents and nurses within the set goals and upon the interviews with nurses, which may help improve the nursing care and particularly teach parents to care about their children with facial cleft properly.

Introdução e objetivos: crianças e adolescente com fissuras labiopalatinas frequentemente apresentam dificuldades alimentares. O pré-operatório costuma ser um momento crítico, cheio de tensões e medos. O período pósoperatório é longo e a alimentação necessita ser alterada pelo menos por 30 dias. Este estudo avaliou o estado nutricional de crianças e adolescentes no pré-operatório de fissuras labiopalatinas, além de descrever a antropometria, o padrão alimentar e comparar o estado nutricional com a faixa etária, o tipo de fissura, o gênero e os exames laboratoriais. Métodos: estudo transversal de uma série de casos, avaliados no dia do procedimento cirúrgico. Foram avaliados 45 pacientes entre zero e 19 anos, operados no Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre e no Serviço Pró-Face de Assistência Social do Círculo Operário Caxiense. Resultados: dentre os pacientes 16 (35,6%) estavam eutróficos; 13 (28,9%) desnutridos; 16 (35,6%) apresentavam sobrepeso e 9 (20%) baixa estatura. O tipo de fissura labiopalatina esteve mais relacionada com o sexo masculino 27 (60%). O VCM estava estatisticamente associado com o E/I e a dosagem de transferrina com a DCT. As crianças ≤ 5 anos consumiam diariamente mais produtos lácteos (p=0,023) e frutas (p=0,025) e as crianças > 5 anos mais leguminosas (p=0,041). Conclusão: a antropometria apresentou índices dentro da normalidade. O estado nutricional deste grupo de crianças e adolescentes que se submeteram a correção cirúrgica de fissura labiopalatina foi satisfatório, pois a maior parte dos pacientes se mostrou eutrófico. Entretando, é preocupante que quase 30% dos pacientes estivessem desnutridos em um momento crítico como o pré-operatório. As crianças com menos de 5 anos apresentaram uma alimentação mais saudável do que as maiores de 5 anos. A avaliação do estado nutricional no pré-operatório destas criancas é importante para o desfecho do procedimento. / Introduction: Children and adolescents with Cleft Lip and Palate – CL/P, often have feeding disorders. Thus, considering that preoperative period may be a critical moment, full of concerns and fears; and the postoperative period usually is longer, the diet care must be taken at least 30 days before surgery. Under these circumstances, this study have assessed the nutritional status of children and adolescents in the preoperative for clefting surgery, also describing their anthropometry, dietary patterns, and comparing all data according age, type of cleft, gender and laboratorial tests results (biochemical analysis). Methods: A cross-sectional study of a series of cases evaluated on the surgery day. We have assessed 45 patients between 0 and 19 years-old, who underwent surgical correction of CL/P at Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre and Serviço Pró-Face de Assistência Social do Círculo Operário Caxiense4. Results: 16 (35.6%) of the patients were well-nourished, 13 (28.9%) were malnourished, 16 (35.6%) were overweight, and 9 (20%) have their growth stunted. 27 (60%) of the patients with cleft lip and palate was male. The Mean Corpuscular Volume-MCV was statistically associated with the H/A, and the transferrin level with the TSF. 5-year, or under, children daily consume more dairy products (p=0.023) and fruits (p=0.025) and children older than 5-year, consume more leaf vegetables (p=0.041) and sugars (p=0.065). Conclusion: Anthropometric indexes have showed normal. The nutritional status of children and adolescents who underwent surgical repair for cleft lip and palate is satisfactory. However, it is worrying that almost 30% of patients were malnourished at a critical time as the preoperative. Children under five years had a healthier diet than those older than 5 years. The assessment of nutritional status in children and adolescents on cleft lip and palate preoperative must be emphasized in order to achieve the procedure outcome.