No description available.

No description available.

Physical activity is important for the management and treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Interval exercise training has been shown to improve glycemic control in people with T2D; however, studies have generally utilized high volume protocols and/or specialized equipment that limit translation to a “real world” setting. The present proof-of-concept study examined the efficacy of brief, intermittent stair climbing exercise to improve indices of glycemic control in adults with T2D, using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) under controlled dietary conditions. Each session involved 3 x 60-s bouts of vigorously ascending and slowly descending a single flight of stairs. This was set within a 10-min period, which otherwise involved walking for a warm-up, cool-down and recovery in between bouts. Data are reported for n=5 participants (52 ± 18 y, BMI: 31 ± 5 kg/m2, HbA1c: 6.6 ± 0.7 %; mean ± SD) who performed 18 training sessions over 6 weeks. Mean 24-h glucose and time spent in hyperglycemia (> 10 mmol/L) were unchanged after an acute session of stair climbing (p=0.38 and p=0.42, respectively) or after 6 weeks of training (p=0.15 and p=0.47, respectively). Measures of glycemic variability were improved in the 24-h period following a single session of stair climbing, based on reductions in the mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE) (4.4 ± 1.5 vs. 3.5 ± 1.0 mmol/L, p =0.02) and the standard deviation (SD) around the mean (1.7 ± 0.5 vs. 1.4 ± 0.5 mmol/L, p=0.02). There was a meal-specific improvement in postprandial hyperglycemia after training, with the incremental area under the curve (iAUC) of the lunchtime meal reduced by 36 ± 42 % (p=0.01). These preliminary results demonstrate the feasibility of stair climbing as a physical activity option for people with T2D, although the acute and chronic effects of this training on indices of glycemic control remain equivocal. / Thesis / Master of Science in Kinesiology / Physical activity is important for the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Interval training, which involves alternating periods of relatively intense exercise and recovery, can improve blood sugar control in adults with T2D. This has largely been shown in laboratory settings using specialized equipment and protocols that may not be practical or time-efficient. This small, proof-of-concept study examined whether brief, intermittent stair climbing exercise could improve blood sugar control in people with T2D. Average blood sugar measured over 24 hours was unchanged after a single bout of stair climbing and after 18 sessions of training performed over 6 weeks. However, stair-climbing exercise reduced blood sugar fluctuations in response to specific meals. These preliminary findings suggest that interval stair climbing is a feasible exercise option for adults with T2D, but the precise effects on blood sugar control remain to be clarified.

"A significant work of architecture is never the product of a single individual. It is always a collaboration with history and tradition, with the silent wisdom of the discipline of architecture. An architect who understands the essence of his craft accepts his role as a builder of a tradition, and he places his work in the context of this continuum with combined humility and pride." Juhani Pallasmaa. / Master of Architecture

The rock outcrops and cliffs of Shenandoah National Park provide habitat for several rare and endangered plant and animal species. The location of the world-famous ridgeline parkway, Skyline Drive, makes many outcrops and cliffs within the park readily accessible to the park's 1.2 million annual visitors. Consequently, visitor use of cliff areas has led to natural resource impacts, including marked decreases in size and vigor of known rare plant populations. Despite the clear ecological value and potential threats to the natural resources at cliff areas in the park, managers possess little information on visitor use of cliff sites and presently have no formal planning document to guide management. Thus, a park wide study of cliff sites was initiated during the 2005 visitor use season. As part of this research effort, the study presented in this thesis integrated data from resource impact measurements and visitor use observation to help assess the effects of recreational use on the natural resources of one heavily used cliff site in the park, Little Stony Man Cliffs. Results of resource impact measurements indicate that several nodal areas of high disturbance (bare soil) are present on the cliff-top and cliff-bottom. Additionally, visitor observation data point to several possible visitor use factors that may contribute to cliff-top impacts, including concentrated levels of use during certain times of day and days of the week, and frequent trampling of soil and vegetation by visitors. The information from the study presented in this thesis will help assist Shenandoah National Park staff in developing a cliff resource management plan that will protect park resources while providing opportunities for visitor enjoyment. / Master of Science

The subject of this diploma thesis is to elaborate documentation for construction - new building of climbing center. The building is located in northern Bohemia, in the village of Litomerice. The design emphasized the highest possible quality for climbing and facilities for athletes also. For this reason, the center has two climbing walls focused on different climbing disciplines. There is also a café-bar. Secondary the space can also be used for education and training in the field of work at heights, safety in the mountains, etc. The building has 3 above-ground floors and a basement.

The thesis is devoted to the topic of ordinary life of women mountain climbers in the period of Czechoslovakian socialism (specifically between the years 1969 -1989). Through analysis and interpretationof oral historical interviews with women climbers who had participated in the national expeditions to foreign mountains, the author will reflect the following topics: how it could be possible to become a member of selective expedition team; how this "job" women climbers combined with a daily life, working duty, and its obligations in the family. The study will also focus on the issues of travelling, climbing topic as a prestigious international competition and presentation of this prestige by executive body; it will not stay aloof from the reflection of social or physical differences between Czechoslovakian climbers and other international teams and the intervention of the Communist Party in the composition of the expeditions. The work draw ordinariness of extraordinary fates of Czechoslovak women athletes - climbers nearer, and offers one of the possible approach to the relatively unexplored sector of Czechoslovakian sport.

Title: Changes of the catecholamins, serotonine and lactate levels during sport climbing on a climbing wall depending on the leader climber's style of belaying. Goals: The Goal of this thesis is to build on the bachelor thesis and develop its goals. The research is focused on a detection of blood hormonal changes before performance, right after it and after a 15- minute pacification depending on a style of a personal profile and style of belaying of the climbers. Hormonal changes have been compared during the performance on two climbing routes of the same difficulty and different styles of belaying. Methods: The randomized research sample consisted of 10 women, climbers, who climbed two routes using the OS (on sight) style on the level of maximum effort. One of the routes was climbed with clipping in protection points against the second route, which was climbed without protection points. The research was performed using a blood collection from v. brachialis and spinning off the blood plasma of the collected blood. Lactate was determined on Siemens Adria 1800 in a routine laboratory, serotonine was determined using LS-MS/MS with a gradient elution. Catecholamines were determined using LS-MS/MS with an isocratic elution. The survey composed of three psychological questionnaires (DMV, RCAI, Eysenck's...

Deep Wild är ett företag som bland annat   specialiserar sig på produktutveckling och byggande av äventyrsanläggningar.   Kunder till företaget har efterfrågat ett typ av äventyrstorn som det är   möjligt att åka zipline från samt utföra andra aktiviteter såsom klättring   på. Då Deep Wild inte har egen kompetens gällande dimensionering och   projektering av denna typ av torn har en förfrågan skickats ut till studenter   för att se om det fanns intresse att ta fram en lösning på utförandet. Syftet   med arbetet är att undersöka hur ett äventyrstorn som detta kan konstrueras   och ta fram en lösning på utförandet. Tornet dimensioneras enligt gällande   Eurokoder. De laster som genereras av specialutrustningen tornet förses med   finns i Svensk Standard. Två lösningar på möjliga utföranden tas fram, ett   med alla bärande delar i stål och ett med lämpliga bärande delar i trä. Dessa   jämförs sedan med hänsyn till lämplighet. Det visar sig att det finns många   fördelar med att bygga tornet med enbart stålprofiler. Med stål som material kan   alla bärande delar köpas ur det lagerförda sortiment som erbjuds på   marknaden. Med trä finns inga lagerförda dimensioner att tillgå för de laster   som uppstår. Vid de knutpunkter som dimensionerats visar det sig att de   utförda i stål enkelt kan utföras så att de har mycket god säkerhetsmarginal.   Knutpunkterna i träkonstruktionen klarar de dimensionerande lasterna endast   med små marginaler. Genom att mer specialanpassa utseendet hos konstruktionen   och dess verkningssätt så kan möjligtvis utförandet i trä gynnas. En   prisjämförelse mellan de två materialen visar att skillnaden i materialpris   är försumbar i sammanhanget. Två alternativa stabiliseringssystem undersöks   för tornet. Det ena är att staga med en fackverkskonstruktion som använder   sig av dragna stålstänger och tryckta strävor av respektive   utförandematerial. Det andra är att staga tornet genom skivverkan i   klätterväggen som uppförs på tornets ena sida. Skivverkan har sina fördelar   då det möjliggör tryckta strävor på olika höjd i tornet. Fackverkskonstruktionen   är dock att rekommendera då denna kan dimensioneras att ta avsevärt högre   laster. Det naturliga nästa steget i arbetet ligger i att ta fram ett   förfrågningsunderlag tillräckligt komplett för att kalkyleras. / Deep Wild is an   adventure company which specializes in product development among other   things. Customers of the company have been asking for a tower from which it’s   possible to exercise different kinds of adventure activities, such as   ziplining and climbing. Deep Wild doesn’t have in house experience from   constructing supporting structures that are not directly related to the   special equipment used to exercise these activities. Therefore students have   been asked to find a solution on how to construct a tower like this. The   purpose of this study is to investigate how an adventure tower can be   constructed. The tower is structurally designed using Eurocodes and the loads   generated from the activities exercised appear in European Standard. Two   possible solutions for the construction is developed, one with all supporting   parts in steel and one with selected supporting parts in wood. These are then   compared to each other with regard to their performance. The results show   that there are many advantages using only steel profiles. All steel profiles   required for the construction can be bought out of existing stock from   producers. To use wooden profiles it is required to place orders on standard   dimensions that are not part of the producers existing stock. The joints designed   shows that using steel profiles these can easily be designed to provide a   high safety margin. The joints designed using steel connectors to wooden   profiles provides enough support only with small safety margins. By adjusting   the design of the towers supporting system the use of wooden profiles could   possibly be benefitted. A price comparison based on the price of material   shows that the difference between laminated timber and steel in this   construction is negligible. Two alternative ways of stabilizing the tower   have been investigated. One with tensioned steel bracing and compressed   bracing using the different construction materials. The other one using wall   diaphragms on the side of the tower clad with climbing wall. The wall   diaphragms method has its advantages because it makes it possible to place   compressed bracings on different heights in the tower. The system with   tensioned bracings can take higher loads and provide better safety margins   and is therefore the recommended way of stabilizing this tower. The next step   of this project is to provide complete enough material to calculate the cost   of constructing. / <p>Betyg 2018-06-05</p>

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2007. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes bibliographical references (p. 160-168).