Syftet med föreliggande studie är att undersöka i hur några BVC-sjuksköterskor arbetar för att belysa och upptäcka postpartum depression hos nyblivna pappor. Studiens empiriska material bygger på en kvalitativ metod i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer. Totalt har åtta BVC-sjuksköterskor intervjuats, varav sju av intervjuerna har använts för att presentera studiens resultat. Uppsatsens teoretiska referensram utgörs av Travelbees omvårdnadsteori, Von Bertalanffys generella systemteori samt Antonovskys KASAM. Resultatet visar bland annat att BVC-sjuksköterskorna inte aktivt arbetar för att belysa och upptäcka postpartum depression hos nyblivna pappor, men att några av dem i enstaka fall har erbjudit pappan en EPDS-screening eller pappasamtal. Samtliga av BVC-sjuksköterskorna önskar däremot en implementering av pappasamtal i basprogrammet, för att de i framtiden ska ha de verktyg som de anser behövs för att kunna arbeta mer aktivt med att upptäcka eventuell psykisk ohälsa hos pappan. / The main purpose of this study is to examine how some child health nurses work to illuminate and detect postpartum depression among new fathers. The study's empirical material is based on qualitative semi-structured interviews. A total of eight child health nurses were interviewed and seven of the interviews have been used to present the study's results. The theoretical framework consists of Travelbees Nursing theory, Von Bertalanffys General Systems theory, and Antonovsky's SOC. The result shows that the child health nurses are not actively working to illuminate and detect postpartum depression among new fathers, but some of them occasionally have offered the father an EPDS-screening or conversation with the father. All of the child health nurses would however like an implementation of continuous conversation with fathers in the base program for child health nurses, that they in the future will have the tools that they think are needed in order to work more actively to detect the possible psychiatric health of the father.

SUMMARY Aim of the study. To analyze how odontological help is provided to children in Kaunas City. Objectives. 1. To describe the volume, legal basis of odontological assistance for children. 2. To compare odontological assistance rendered to children in private and primary health care centres. 3. To forecast the opportunities of odontological assistance organization in the future. Methods. The investigated persons consist of Kaunas C. children of 1 – 18, children parents and heads of odontological institutions. A child is considered to be a statistic observance unit. The employed epidemiological investigation method is written interrogation: 200 questionnaires for children parents (168 questionnaires were returned) and 30 questionnaires for the heads of odontological institutions (7 questionnaires were replied by public, 23 – private teeth treatment institutions heads). The data of the questionnaire have been statistically evaluated by using SPSS 12 statistical program package. Results. More than half (51 percent) of parents take their children to private teeth treatment institutions. 30 per cent of children are treated in Public Institution Odontological Departments. In the school rooms 2 per cent of children are treated. The parent choice to take children to private odontological clinic has been determined by service quality (58.8 percent), doctor competence (49.4 percent) and variety of services (21.2 percent). The public teeth treatment institutions are chosen because... [to full text]

<p>In South Africa, governance structures in the form of clinic committees, hospital boards and district health councils are intended to provide expression to the principle of community participation at a local and district level. They are meant to act as a link between communities and health services and to provide a conduit for the health needs and aspirations of the community to be represented at various local, districts, provincial and national levels. This study aimed to assess the functioning of health governance structures in the form of clinic committees. Specifically, the study sought to ascertain the number of clinic committees associated with public health facilities in three provinces in South Africa namely the Eastern Cape, Free State and KwaZulu Natal and to identify the factors that are perceived by clinic committee members to either facilitate or impede the effective functioning of clinic committees.</p>

<p>Teenage pregnancy is one of the major public health problems facing teenage girls in Zambia (Webb, 2000 / Warenius, 2008). Teenage girls‟ access to and utilization of adolescent&nbsp / reproductive health (ARH) services is important for the prevention of teenage pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) amongst teenagers.High incidence of teenage pregnancies has been noted in the district despite availability of ARHservices. Teenage pregnancy is a major contributing factor to the high school drop-out rate amongst the girls and is one of the challenges faced by non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that support girl child education, such as the campaign for female&nbsp / education (CAMFED) as well as for government agencies such as the Ministry of Education. The high incidence of teenage pregnancies could be an indication of poor access to&nbsp / and utilization of ARH services and therefore an assessment of the accessibility and utilization of the ARH services was done to explore the reasons for this.This research aimed to explore the factors affecting teenage girls‟ access to and utilization of ARH services in the Mpika district, Zambia. The research was a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory study using individual interviews with ten in-school teenage girls, four key informants rendering ARH services and a focus group discussion (FGD) with ten pregnant teenage girls. By exploring these particpants‟ perceptions and experiences, appropriate interventions to improve accessibility to and utilization of ARH services could be designed that would be appropriate for the local context in order for them to be effective. Thematic analysis with categorizing and coding methods was used to analyze the data. The study used the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) which stipulates that an individual‟s attitude,subjective norms and perceived behavioural control influence behaviour as a framework to explain the findings of the results of the study. The findings of the study indicated that physical, psychological and social barriers hindered adolescents from accessing and utilizing ARH services. The findings also suggested that high levels of knowledge about RH services do not necessarily translate into accessibility and utilization of ARH services. Accessibility to and utilization of ARH services by adolescents can also be determined by an individual‟s attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control as illustrated by the TPB. Adolescents need to feel comfortable using ARH services. Therefore the three variables of TPB should be taken into consideration when designing comprehensive ARH programmes in order to accommodate the unique reproductive health needs of the adolescents. There is need to encourage participation in and involvement of adolescents in planning and&nbsp / &nbsp / implementation of ARH programmes. The participants also made recommendations which included strengthening information and education on ARH, strengthening adolescent-friendly services, improving staffing levels and promotion of school health services.</p>

A previous population-based study of survival in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) patients in the province of Manitoba demonstrated a lower five-year relative survival among CLL patients compared with the age- and gender-adjusted general population. This decreased relative survival was most pronounced among elderly male CLL patients. In this study, we have demonstrated that the reduced five-year relative survival observed in CLL patients compared to the general population of Manitoba may partially be attributed to increased risk of second cancers and non-referral to specialized CLL clinics. The increased risk of second cancers in CLL patients compared to Follicular Lymphoma (FL), a similar indolent B cell malignancy, was only observed after CLL diagnosis indicating that a CLL-specific factor may be responsible for the increased risk of second cancers in these patients. The risk of second cancers is independent of treatment and surveillance bias but is further increased with chemotherapy. A superior outcome in CLL patients who have been referred to the CancerCare Manitoba (CCMB) specialized CLL clinic was observed that was independent of age, gender, treatment and history of previous cancers. This superior outcome was most pronounced in the elderly CLL patients. We propose that CLL patients should be referred to CLL-specific hematologists and, where not possible, that guidelines created by such experts be followed. Appropriate screening for second cancers should be performed during routine follow up of CLL patients.

Tyrimo tikslas. Išanalizuoti Neonatologijos klinikoje gydomų naujagimių tėvų poreikius. Tyrimo uždaviniai: 1. Nustatyti Neonatologijos klinikoje gydomų naujagimių tėvų svarbiausius poreikius. 2. Išanalizuoti Neonatologijos klinikoje gydomų naujagimių tėvų poreikių tenkinimą. 3. Nustatyti personalo vaidmenį tenkinant Neonatologijos klinikoje gydomų naujagimių tėvų poreikius. Tyrimo metodika. Tyrimas buvo vykdomas 2010 balandžio – liepos mėnesiais LSMUL Kauno klinikų Neonatologijos klinikoje. Tyrime dalyvavo 455 respondentai (iš jų 365 NLS ir 90 NITS). Tyrimo metu informacijai rinkti buvo naudojamas Gudrun Kristijandottir „Tėvų poreikių vaikų intensyviosios terapijos skyriuje“ vertinimo įrankis. Statistinei duomenų analizei naudota SPSS 17.0 kompiuterinė programa. Atlikta aprašomoji statistika, vertinta požymių priklausomybė, lyginti neparametrinių kintamųjų vidurkiai bei proporcijų lygybė, ryšio stiprumas. Skirtumai laikyti statistiškai reikšmingais, kai reikšmingumo lygmuo p≤0,05. Išvados. 1. Analizuojant Neonatologijos klinikoje gydomų naujagimių tėvų pasitikėjimo, užtikrintumo, informacinių, skatinimo, tėvų fizinių poreikių, mokymo, tėvų visų poreikių, paramos, kuri užtikrintų tėvų gerovę, paramos, susijusios su kitais šeimos nariais, finansinės konsultacijos poreikių svarbos vertinimus statistiškai reikšmingų skirtumų tarp poreikių poskalių vertinimų nustatyta nebuvo, todėl iškelta hipotezė, kad Neonatologijos klinikoje gydomų naujagimių tėvams svarbiausi yra... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The aim of the study. To analyze the needs of parents of hospitalized newborns in the Neonatal Clinic. Objectives: 1. To establish the most important needs of parents of hospitalized newborns in the Neonatal Clinic. 2. To analyze the meeting of needs of parents of hospitalized newborns in the Neonatal Clinic. 3. To identify the role of personnel in meeting the needs of parents of hospitalized newborns in the Neonatal Clinic. Methodology. The study was conducted in April – July of 2010 at the Neonatal Clinic of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Hospital (LSMUL). This study included 455 parents (365 at Newborns Care Unit (NCU) and 90 at Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU)). Data was collected using „NPQ – Needs of Parents Questionnaire“ developed by Gudrun Kristijandottir. Statistical data analysis was performed using SPSS 17.0 software program. Performed descriptive statistics, evaluated the signs of addiction, compared means nonparametric variables’ and equality of proportions, the connection strength. The differences were statistically significant at the significance level of p ≤ 0.05. Conclusions. 1. Analyzing importance of parental needs in Neonatal Clinic: trust, assurance, information, encouragement, guidance, support ensuring welfare of parents, support related to other family members, financial consultation, physical and other parental needs statistically significant differences were not found. Therefore, hypothesis, that informational needs are the most... [to full text]

Thesis (D.P.H.)--University of Michigan.

Dissertation (D.P.H.)--University of Michigan.

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Analisou-se na tese o deslizamento discursivo em direção ao uso do vocábulo gestão e as mudanças recentemente operadas no trabalho gerencial. Com a suposição de que se apreciado enquanto atividade humana este trabalho não é simples e exclusivamente heterodeterminado pelo modelo de gerenciamento segundo os interesses do capital, a proposta foi colocar ênfase nos debates de normas e nas possíveis reservas de alternativas nas atividades de profissionais que gerenciam, assim como nas possibilidades de seu desenvolvimento em direção a um gerenciamento ergológico. Visando a contribuir para a discussão sobre se no interior da própria produção material poderiam coexistir formas de construção de uma sociabilidade efetivamente humana, analisa-se em que medida os profissionais que gerenciam fazem cotidianamente uma gestão (não apenas do outro, também de si próprio) na qual são convocados valores outros que os exclusivamente mercantis e econômicos. Adotando-se um olhar para o objeto de pesquisa informado por uma Psicologia Social do Trabalho que privilegia o ponto de vista da atividade, se pretendeu a uma sucessiva aproximação das atividades de supervisão do trabalho. Trabalho este que, em tendência, tem se ampliado no sentido de incluir o gerenciamento da produção, de aproximação com os serviços de apoio à produção e de incentivo à participação dos operadores. A pesquisa de campo foi realizada em uma unidade industrial de uma empresa multinacional privada que fabrica e comercializa produtos pneumáticos. No delineamento metodológico privilegiou-se um enquadramento clínico por meio de método indireto de investigação, com base no princípio de (auto)confrontação, e de uma abordagem dialógica de análise, fazendo-se uso do dispositivo de Encontros sobre o Trabalho e da técnica de Instrução ao Sósia. Os resultados indicam que o trabalho de supervisão envolve uma integração de múltiplas determinações, exigências e valores. Ressalta-se a existência de dimensões sociais no trabalho gerencial efetuado pelos supervisores. No processo de análise de suas atividades de trabalho, realizada por eles próprios, apontam-se indícios de que, mobilizando-se intelectual, cognitiva, afetiva e corporalmente nos debates de normas em suas atividades, buscam por meio de renormatizações também fazer valer suas próprias normas de vida, onde valores relativos ao viver em conjunto e à saúde estão presentes. Colocando-se em questão as condições para o pôr o trabalho em debate na perspectiva da atividade, discute-se a relação entre o potencial de produção de novas normas nas atividades de supervisão e o suposto de um modo ergológico de gerenciar, reforçando-se a posição de que as propostas de gestão participativa não se apresentam por si só como uma abertura para um modo de gerenciamento que dê visibilidade à gestão cotidiana do trabalho, que é sempre, em algum nível, formulada e operada coletivamente / The present work has analysed the discursive sliding towards the use of the word gestão (management) and the recent changes effected on managerial work. With the assumption that if looked upon as human activity this is not a simple job and exclusively heterodetermined by the management model according to the interests of capital, the idea was to emphasise the debates of norms and the possible reserves of alternatives on the activities of management professionals, as well as the possibilities for their development torwards an ergologic management. Aiming at contributing to the discussion of whether there could on the core of material production itself coexist ways of construction of an effectively human sociability it is analysed to which extent management professionals perform daily a management (not only of others but also of themselves) in which values other than the exclusively mercantile and economic ones are summoned. Looking into the research object informed by a Social Psychology of Work who favours the activity standpoint, it was intended to take a successive approximation to the work supervision activities, which tend to be amplified towards including production management, to get closer to production support services and encouragement of operators participation. The field research was carried out on an industrial unit of a private multinational company which manufactures and trades pneumatic products. The methodological design privileged a clinical framing through an indirect investigation method based on the (self)confrontation principle and on a dialogic analyses approach with the use of the Work Meetings&#8223; device and the Instruction for de Double&#8223; technique. The results suggest that supervision work involves integration of multiple determinations, demands and values. The existence of social dimensions on managerial work performed by supervisors is emphasised. On the self-assessment process of their work activities, there is evidence that by applying themselves intellectually, cognitively, affectively and bodily on the standard discussions in their activities they seek through normalization to reinforce their own life standards where values of group life and health are also present. Focusing on the conditions to put the work in debate in the light of the activity itself, the present work discusses the relationship between the production potential of new standards of supervision activities and the assumption of an ergologic managerial way, emphasising the standpoint that participative management&#8223; proposals do not present themselves in their own right as an opening to a management way which gives visibility to the day to day management of work which is always, at some level, formulated and operated collectively

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:52:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaSAM.pdf: 2384674 bytes, checksum: eff991b575f95cec6988806e68f65293 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-10-09 / Posture is one of the most worrying problems dentists face. That is because of the high incidence of low back pathologies regarding the professional activity, despite the development on the field of Dental Ergonomics. This work took place at the dental schoolclinic at a Federal University, and it was grounded on the Ergonomic Principles in the workplace. Its main objective was to analyze the determinants of inadequate posture adopted by students inasmuch as the adoption of non ergonomic methods at the school-clinic may influence them to develop inadequate postures in their working environment. The analysis of the activity showed us that it requires some complex procedures in the patient s mouth. Thus, when the students carry out the activity, they start to adopt, although unconsciously, inadequate postures which will make easier the visual accuracy and the access to the operation focus. In case there is no internal (body awareness) or external warning mechanisms (the professor s or the partner s counseling) regarding posture or possible risks which lead them to self-correction, the students become vulnerable to osteomuscle disorders. The time pressure, because the students are expected to perform their task in a predetermined clinical time. The facts related to each patient s variability as well as the stress caused by the expectations to get their work done in time make the students to advance it believing they will waste time if they help their partners or using an indirect view. We could also notice that there was no assistant to perform the job of minor ones, as well as there was no professor who could actually connect the knowledge on Ergonomics to its working practice. The conclusions of this work stand out the need of widen the discussion at the academic environment regarding health professionals in places such as universities. The ergonomic principles in the workplace aim a multidisciplinary analysis based on the experience of students, professors, staff members and janitors that can contribute to some reflection upon the issue and consequently actions which will bring positive changes at the working environment / A postura corporal de elevado risco biomec?nico ? um dos mais preocupantes problemas de sa?de ocupacional dos profissionais de odontologia. Isso ocorre em fun??o da elevada preval?ncia de patologias no sistema muscoloesquel?tico do odont?logo, relacionadas ? sua atividade, apesar da crescente produ??o do conhecimento na ?rea de Ergonomia aplicada ? Odontologia. Este estudo de caso, realizado na cl?nica-escola odontol?gica de uma Universidade Federal, fundamentado na AET (An?lise Ergon? mica do Trabalho), teve como objetivo analisar os determinantes das posturas sofridas pelos alunos, visto que, a n?o ado??o de princ?pios de ergonomia ao longo dos est?gios supervisionados nas cl?nicas-escola pode influenciar os alunos que tenderiam a reproduzir posturas inadequadas em seus ambientes profissionais. Observou-se, atrav?s da an?lise da atividade, que a natureza desta atividade exige a realiza??o de procedimentos complexos na boca do paciente, em campo de dif?cil alcance visual e operat?rio. Sendo assim, os estudantes, ao focarem sua aten??o na execu??o da atividade, se submetem a posturas inadequadas que facilitem a sua acuidade visual e o acesso ao campo operat?rio. N?o havendo nenhum mecanismo sistem?tico interno (consci?ncia corporal) ou externo de advert?ncia (orienta??o do professor ou do colega de dupla) quanto ? postura e aos riscos decorrentes que pudessem sensibiliz?-los e induzi-los ? autocorre??o, os estudantes tornam-se vulner?veis aos dist?rbios osteomusculares. A press?o temporal, pois devem cumprir uma tarefa em tempo-cl?nico pr?-determinado, as intercorr?ncias decorrentes das variabilidades de cada paciente e o stress gerado pela expectativa de concluir a atividade em tempo h?bil, os levam a procurar adiantar o trabalho, acreditando que perder?o tempo auxiliando o colega ou utilizando vis?o indireta. Esta regula??o contraria os princ?pios ergon?micos da odontologia que preconiza um trabalho cooperativo a quatro ou a seis m?os. Observou-se tamb?m, a aus?ncia de assistentes que pudessem realizar o trabalho de primeiro e segundo auxiliar, assim como de compet?ncias essenciais de princ?pios de ergonomia entre os professores, que pudessem faz?-los relacionar os conhecimentos da disciplina de ergonomia ? pr?tica profissional. As conclus?es deste trabalho apontam para a necessidade de ampliar as discuss?es no meio acad?mico acerca dos problemas de sa?de nos profissionais de sa?de nos espa?os onde o conhecimento ? constru?do. Este estudo, por ter preconizado uma an?lise multidisciplinar baseada no depoimento representativo dos atores sociais envolvidos (alunos, professores, pessoal administrativo, pessoal auxiliar e zeladores), p?de contribuir com a reflex?o-a??o quando se buscou conhecimentos b?sicos para poss?veis transforma??es positivas do ambiente de trabalho