A number of aspects of the coining process are investigated, both through experimentation using several types of tooling using blanks made of copper 110 or brass 260, and by developing and using a FEA model. Several relationships have been found which describe the effects of changing the type of coin blank or the geometry of the coining tooling on how much volume of the coin is formed at different forces. The open-die bulk upsetting test was used to find the true stress and strain curves of both materials, and the ring test was used to determine the coefficient of friction. Coins were made over a large range of forces in order to test the general nature of how the diameter and design of a coin are formed. While the diameter begins to increase, the thickness of the coin reduces and material is pushed into the punch cavity, filling the design’s volume up rather linearly. Tests on the effects of changes in the wall angle were inconclusive. As the punch design depth increased the force requirement went down in a manner roughly inverse to the ratio of the increase in depth. Effects of coining with a punch on one side versus two sides were tested. Effects of the perimeter of the punch design showed that a longer perimeter actually reduced the forces required for thinner coins, a difference that got smaller as the coin blanks got thicker. Blanks required 1.4 times the force to form than a coin half its thickness. A direct correlation of forming force to the yield stress of the material was expected but rather appeared to be related to the full nature of the true stress-strain curves. The FEA model was able to match experimental results relatively closely, but only up to about 333.3 kN, the lowest force used for the bulk of the experimental samples. The FEA model provided a good look into what happens to the coin while it is under load and the mysteries of ghost coining were unveiled. / Thesis (Master, Mechanical and Materials Engineering) -- Queen's University, 2013-03-01 06:28:50.729

Thesis (M.B.A.)--Boston University

Now there are three judgments in the mechanical or electric coin mechanism , involved shapes , materials and weight . Mechanical coin mechanism usually measures by slits and cradles . Slits are constructed by slanting channels , they are like the arranging mechanisms of automatic productions . Electric coin mechanisms differentiate from the different coins by examining the variation of voltages when coins pass through electric coils . Actually , the traditional coin mechanisms still have many disadvantages , so we will adopt the multi-function way to raise the identifying ability . This research uses the TRIZ method during the design process and operates the contradiction matrix to find out the feasible and requisite design . We believe that this research could be good for the market development of coin mechanisms .

No description available.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1975. / Typescript. Vita. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 63-64).

<p>Säkerhetsläget i Afghanistan har försämrats på senare år och konflikten har trappats upp. Detta beror naturligtvis på många olika saker men jag har valt att titta på den amerikanska doktrinen som avhandlar irreguljära konflikter (counterinsurgency). Hur ser den utjämfört med Galulas teori vad avser operationer i en irreguljär konflikt? För att undersöka detta har jag utgått från Galulas teori för att jämföra den med den amerikanska doktrinen. Genom att titta på olika skeden som Galula delat upp sina operationer i har jag sedan undersökt vad den amerikanska doktrinen säger om dessa. Resultatet av undersökningen är att den amerikanska doktrinen är väldigtlik Galulas teori och de båda nämner i stort sätt samma saker som viktiga punkter för att lyckas som reguljär part i en irreguljär konflikt.</p> / <p>The security situation in Afghanistan has deteriorated in recent years and the conflict has escalated. This clearly depends on many things but I have chosen to look at the American doctrine that deals with irregular conflict (counterinsurgency). How does it look compared to Galulas theory with regard to operations in an irregular conflict? To investigate this, I assumed Galulas theory to compare it with the American doctrine. By looking at the different stages that Galula divided his operations in, I then examined what the U.S. doctrine says about them. The results of the study is that the American doctrine is very similar to Galulas theory and both states much of the same things as important points, to be successful as a regular party in an irregular conflict.</p>

Säkerhetsläget i Afghanistan har försämrats på senare år och konflikten har trappats upp. Detta beror naturligtvis på många olika saker men jag har valt att titta på den amerikanska doktrinen som avhandlar irreguljära konflikter (counterinsurgency). Hur ser den utjämfört med Galulas teori vad avser operationer i en irreguljär konflikt? För att undersöka detta har jag utgått från Galulas teori för att jämföra den med den amerikanska doktrinen. Genom att titta på olika skeden som Galula delat upp sina operationer i har jag sedan undersökt vad den amerikanska doktrinen säger om dessa. Resultatet av undersökningen är att den amerikanska doktrinen är väldigtlik Galulas teori och de båda nämner i stort sätt samma saker som viktiga punkter för att lyckas som reguljär part i en irreguljär konflikt. / The security situation in Afghanistan has deteriorated in recent years and the conflict has escalated. This clearly depends on many things but I have chosen to look at the American doctrine that deals with irregular conflict (counterinsurgency). How does it look compared to Galulas theory with regard to operations in an irregular conflict? To investigate this, I assumed Galulas theory to compare it with the American doctrine. By looking at the different stages that Galula divided his operations in, I then examined what the U.S. doctrine says about them. The results of the study is that the American doctrine is very similar to Galulas theory and both states much of the same things as important points, to be successful as a regular party in an irregular conflict.

The Vietnam war has had a huge influence on how we fight counterinsurgencies and although the war is generally seen as a failure, lessons from it are still being learned to this day. Unlike the Amer- icans, the Australians and New Zealanders using a more population-centric approach where quite successful in pacifying their assigned province. This thesis aims to examine if the population centric approach is the reason for this success by using Kilcullens modern theory of company-level COIN. The 28 articles for successful COIN in Kilcul- lens theory are interpreted and operationalized into questions. Using a qualitative text analysis, the questions are then tested against both first- and second-hand sources discussing Australia’s and New Zealand’s operations in the war. The result of the analysis shows that although the 28 articles were not used on a company level, the majority of them were used on a battalion level. After discussing the way companies and battalions were used in the war, this study reaches the conclusion that Kilcullens theory can explain the success achieved. However, Kilcullens theory is most likely not solely responsible for the success, more unknown factors are probably involved which gives suggestions for further research.

No description available.

No description available.