Influencers är en stor del av sociala medievärlden, vilket har gett upphov till influencer marketing där influencers marknadsför produkter genom betalda samarbeten med företag. I dessa betalda samarbeten förekommer även barn, då flera svenska influencers inkluderar sina barn i det innehåll som publiceras på sociala medier. Syftet med studien är att utifrån en visuell synvinkel undersöka hur svenska influencers framställer sina barn i betalda samarbeten och hur kvinnliga instagramanvändare i åldersgruppen 18-30 år upplever bilder där barn medverkar.Med en kvalitativ ansats har studien genomförts med hjälp av sex semistrukturerade intervjuer och en bildanalys som tar stöd i teorier. En inledande studie i form av en enkätundersökning har verkat som grund för studiens avgränsningar och rekrytering av respondenter, samt som stöd för underlag till intervjuerna. Resultatet av analysen visar att barn framställs sittandes tillsammans med sin förälder, där barnet interagerar med produkten som marknadsförs. Barnens ansiktsuttryck varierar från glatt till förvirrad samt att ethos och pathos är genomgående retoriska verktyg som används vid framställning av barn i betalda samarbeten. Kvinnliga instagramanvändare mellan 18-30 år har en blandad upplevelse av bilder där barn exponeras i betalda samarbeten. Upplevelsen påverkas främst av hur barnen framställs i bilden, men upplevelsen kan även variera beroende på bildens upplägg.Viktiga komponenter för hur målgruppen upplever dessa typer av bilder är; miljön som barnet visas i, barnets ansiktsuttryck och karaktär, om det sker en aktivitet i bilden, vem influencern är och vilken produkt som marknadsförs, samt etiska aspekter. Bilder med mer naturliga inslag i form av miljö, karaktär, och positiva känslor genom ansiktsuttryck upplevs som mer genuina, naturliga och härliga. / Influencers are a large part of the social media world, which has given motive to influencer marketing where influencers market products through paid collaborations with companies. In some of these paid collaborations children are shown, because Swedish influencers include their children in the content they publish on social media. The purpose of the study is to examine, from a visual point of view, how Swedish influencers portray their children in paid collaborations, as well as how female Instagram users in the age group 18-30 years experience images in which children participate.With a qualitative approach, the study was conducted with the help of six semi-structured interviews and an image analysis supported by theories. A pilot study in the form of a questionnaire survey has served as a basis for the study's delimitations and recruitment of respondents. Moreover, it has also worked as support for the interview guide. The result of the analysis shows that children are portrayed in relation to their parent, where the child interacts with the marketed product while sitting down. Children's facial expressions vary from happy to confused, also both ethos and pathos are consistently rhetorical tools used in the portraying of children in paid collaborations. Female instagram users, between the ages of 18-30 years old, have mixed experience of images where children are exposed in paid collaborations. The experience is mainly affected by how the children are portrayed in the picture, but the experience can also vary depending on the composition of the image. Important components for how the target group experiences these types of images are the following; the environment in which the child is shown, the child's facial expression and character, if there is an activity in the image, who the influencer is and which product is marketed, as well as ethical aspects. Images with more natural elements in form of environment, character, and positive emotions through facial expressions are experienced as more genuine, natural and wonderful. / <p>Examensarbetet är utfört vid Institutionen för teknik och naturvetenskap (ITN) vid Tekniska fakulteten, Linköpings universitet</p>

Denna intervjustudie syftar till att undersöka gymnasielärares uppfattningar av samarbeten med specialpedagogiska resurser när det kommer till individanpassad undervisning där individplacerade elever med hörselnedsättning ingår. Ramfaktorteorin används som teoretisk utgångspunkt i analys av data. I resultaten framgår att lärares uppfattning gällande samarbeten varierar kraftigt, samt att det existerar brister i stöd för lärarna från både skolledning och specialpedagogiska resurser gällande arbetet med individanpassad undervisning. Få lärare samarbetar med stödjande funktioner utanför skolan och brister gällande tillgången till teknisk utrustning framkommer beträffande arbetet med elever med hörselnedsättning. I slutsatsen framkommer behov av ökade samarbeten mellan lärare och specialpedagogiska resurser för att i ökad omfattning kunna skapa individanpassad undervisning som kan förbättra utbildningens tillgänglighet och kvalitet för elever. / This interview study aims to explore upper secondary school teachers' perceptions of collaborations with special educational resources when it comes to individualized learning, where individually placed students with hearing loss are included. The framing theory is used as a theoretical framework and to interpret analysis of data. The results show that teachers' perceptions of collaboration vary greatly, and that there are deficiencies in support for teachers from both school management and special educational resources regarding work with individualized learning and few teachers cooperate with supporting functions outside the school and deficiencies regarding access to technical equipment are apparent regarding the work with students with hearing loss. In conclusion, there is a need for increased collaboration between teachers and special educational resources in order to be able to create individualized learning to an increased extent that can improve the accessibility and quality of the education for students.

This study has investigated teachers’ apprehensions of interdisciplinary collaborations, education related to sustainable development and their conditions in education. When interviewing teachers, working in the vocational programmes in upper secondary schools in Sweden, the apprehensions illuminate diversity in how schools approach and implement aims and requirements in the curricula. Apprehensions of interdisciplinarity and sustainable development reflect content and methods in the classroom.The main purpose of the thesis is to study how teachers apprehend interdisciplinary education and the relation to education on sustainable development. The second part of the study aims to identify teachers’ apprehensions of the conditions for interdisciplinary approaches in education.The results show the connections and relations between apprehensions of interdisciplinary approaches, school organization and the ability to implement education for sustainable development in the classroom. Deliberation, participation, time and distance are essential for the planning and implementation process. Teachers’ knowledge in school subjects as well as an understanding for connections between different fields of knowledge is also essential. A team teacher organization as well as support from headmasters, are framing conditions for an open climate which enables meeting each other across disciplinary borders and barriers. Interdisciplinary collaborations in education are mostly described in terms of multidisciplinary approaches, with additive knowledge development. This often means that students are left to identify connections between subjects themselves. Some collaborations are, however, described with more enthusiasm. This study identifies a relationship between integration level and collaborations that are described as successful. In the field of education for sustainable development (ESD) a holistic view is essential to be able to identify the complex relations between man and nature. In terms of education related to sustainable development, the ecological dimension is the most associated dimension among teachers in this study, while the sociological and economical dimensions in general, are implicit. Concerning the environmental education traditions, many apprehensions in this study can be related to a fact-based tradition as well as a normative tradition.To be able to categorize apprehensions in the third tradition (education for sustainable development), abilities as emancipation and transformation have to be more explicit in the learning process.

Bakgrund: När idrotten kommersialiserades så blev markandsföringsverktyget sponsring en central strategi för att kommunicera med marknaden. Idag används strategin av företagen för att nå målsättningar som ligger utanför den dagliga verksamheten. De flesta företag har målsättningar med sponsring, även om målen skiljer sig åt. Problematiken ligger i att företagen anser att effektmätning av sponsring är komplicerat och kostsamt. Således är det problematiskt för företagen att veta om deras sponsringsinvesteringar ger önskat resultat. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att skapa en fördjupad förståelse kring varför företag väljer att sponsra idrottsföreningar och i vilken utsträckning företag utvärderar effekten av sina sponsringssamarbeten. Teori: Vi har använt oss av relevanta teorier för att kunna besvara studiens syfte. Metod: Studien utfördes genom en kvalitativ metod. Intervjuer har genomförts av en semi-strukturerad karaktär, där frågorna ställdes med hjälp av en intervjuguide. Vidare är urvalet baserat på ett bekvämlighetsurval. Slutsats: Samtliga företag vill ha ett rättvist utbyte av sina sponsringsinvesteringar. De mest återkommande målsättningarna med sponsringen är samhällsansvar och varumärkesbyggande. Gällande effektmätningen så handlar det om enklare utvärderingar eller en känsla av att göra gott, snarare än effektmätningar i nyckeltal. / Background: The Commercialization of sport led to that the marketing toolsponsorship became a central strategy for communicating with the market. Today, the strategy is used by companies to achieve goals that are outside of daily operations. All companies have objectives with sponsorship, even if the objectives differ. The problem lies in the fact that the companies believe that measuring the effect of sponsorship is complicated and costly. Thus, it is problematic for companies to know whether their sponsorship investments are producing the desired results. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to create a deeper understanding of why companies choose to sponsor sports associations and to what extent companiese valuate the effect of their sponsorship collaborations. Theory: We have used relevant theories to be able to answer the purpose of the study. Method: The study was carried out through a qualitative method. Interviews were conducted of a semi-structured nature, where the questions were asked following an interview guide. Furthermore, the selection is based on a convenience sample. Findings: The companies that sponsor all want some form of fair exchange. The most recurring objectives that the companies have with the sponsorship are social responsibility and brand building. Regarding the measurement, it is about simple revaluations or a feeling of doing good, rather than measuring the effect in pure keyfigures.

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Yes / Although prior research has examined the effects of different forms of disruptive market shift on organizational practice, structure, and performance, knowledge is lacking on its conceptual domain, antecedents, and organizational response outcomes. This study draws insights from an in-depth analysis of 23 organizations to conceptualize disruptive market shift and explore its antecedents and consequences. We find that digitization, technological advancements, political uncertainty and government regulations, competitive pressures, the media, and customer dynamism are major drivers of disruptive market shifts. Furthermore, evidence suggests that organizations establish collaborative relationships, initiate internal transformational processes, and develop innovative metrics and patterns to respond to disruptive market shifts. We discuss the theoretical and managerial implications of the findings. / The full-text of this article will be released for public view at the end of the publisher embargo on 27 Oct 2024.

A tese aborda diferentes dimensões da relação entre centros e periferias na produção, circulação e legitimação do conhecimento, a partir de um estudo de caso que se debruça sobre a área da genética humana e médica no Brasil. Busca-se discutir as razões, estratégias, contingências e constrições das colaborações internacionais realizadas pelas(os) pesquisadoras(es) brasileiras(os) em um contexto disciplinar percebido como estruturalmente desigual. Trata-se de explorar as potencialidades do estudo de caso para a identificação em termos mais específicos de fatores e processos que têm sido descritos de modo generalizante nos discursos contemporâneos sobre a internacionalização da ciência e a transformação dos modos de produção de conhecimento científico. Para tanto, foi feito um trabalho de campo que compreendeu a seleção de uma amostra de pesquisadoras(es) da genética humana e médica no Brasil, que levou à identificação dos programas de pós-graduação de excelência na área, localizados em quatro universidades públicas: Universidade de São Paulo campus Ribeirão Preto; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Universidade Federal do Pará; e Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Essa seleção baseou-se na Avaliação Trienal da Capes 2010-2012 (que eram os dados mais recentes disponíveis quando do desenho da pesquisa). Foram então realizadas 46 entrevistas semiestruturadas com pesquisadoras(es) pertencentes às instituições em que esses Programas estão sediados, a grande maioria delas realizada in loco, para cuja análise foi utilizado o programa Atlas Ti. A exploração desse material, devidamente localizado no contexto histórico do desenvolvimento da área no país, permitiu analisar as representações das(os) pesquisadoras(es) em termos de estratégias negociadas e renegociadas no cotidiano das colaborações nacionais e internacionais e a constituição das agendas de pesquisa, simultaneamente em consonância e em tensão com os padrões e parâmetros do que se convencionou chamar de ciência internacional. Os dados balizam a discussão sobre as possibilidades de reconhecimento da pesquisa em genética humana e médica realizada por brasileiras(os), que explora as tensões entre o local e o internacional, considerando os aspectos que marcam as formas contemporâneas de competição no interior de atividade científica em um campo disciplinar específico. A análise revela a pluralidade das relações entre centros e periferias, em dinâmicas sociais que transformam e recriam desigualdades nacionais, regionais e globais no campo contemporâneo da produção de conhecimento em genética humana e médica. / This doctoral dissertation deals with different dimensions of the relation between centres and peripheries in the production, circulation and legitimation of knowledge, departing from a case study looking at human and medical Genetics in Brazil. Its aims are to discuss the reasons, strategies, contingencies and constrictions of international collaborations taken through by Brazilian researchers in a disciplinary context perceived as structurally unequal. Thus it is about exploring the potentialities of this case study to identify under more specific terms the factors and processes that have been hitherto described in a generalizing manner throughout contemporary discourses on internationalization of science and the transformation of the modes of production of scientific knowledge. To achieve this, a fieldwork has been taken through, comprehending the selection of a sample of researchers in the field of human and medical Genetics in Brazil, therefore leading to the identification of graduate programmes of excellence, located in four public research universities: Universidade de São Paulo campus Ribeirão Preto; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Universidade Federal do Pará, and Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. This selection based itself upon the 2010- 2012 Triennial Evaluation Process of Capes (which were the most recent data available at the moment when the research happened to be designed). After this first preparatory step, 46 semi-structured interviews were held with researchers belonging to the institutions hosting these programmes, the most part of them in loco, after which the software Atlas Ti was used to analyse them. Exploring this material, duly situated in the historical context of the areas development in Brazil, allowed to analyse the representations of these researchers in terms of the strategies employed to negotiate and renegotiate in everyday national as well as international collaborations, alongside the constitution of research agendas, all of them simultaneously in consonance and tension regarding patterns and parameters of what has been agreed upon to receive the name of international science. This data appears as a yardstick to evaluate the discussion concerning the possibilities of recognizing research in human and medical Genetics performed by Brazilian researchers, examining tensions between the local and the international, taking into consideration the aspects that characterize contemporary forms of competition among scientific activity in a specific disciplinary field. The investigation and concurrent analysis reveal the plurality of relations between centres and peripheries, paying special attention to social dynamics that produce and recreate national, regional and global inequalities in the contemporary field of knowledge production in human and medical genetics.

A tese aborda diferentes dimensões da relação entre centros e periferias na produção, circulação e legitimação do conhecimento, a partir de um estudo de caso que se debruça sobre a área da genética humana e médica no Brasil. Busca-se discutir as razões, estratégias, contingências e constrições das colaborações internacionais realizadas pelas(os) pesquisadoras(es) brasileiras(os) em um contexto disciplinar percebido como estruturalmente desigual. Trata-se de explorar as potencialidades do estudo de caso para a identificação em termos mais específicos de fatores e processos que têm sido descritos de modo generalizante nos discursos contemporâneos sobre a internacionalização da ciência e a transformação dos modos de produção de conhecimento científico. Para tanto, foi feito um trabalho de campo que compreendeu a seleção de uma amostra de pesquisadoras(es) da genética humana e médica no Brasil, que levou à identificação dos programas de pós-graduação de excelência na área, localizados em quatro universidades públicas: Universidade de São Paulo campus Ribeirão Preto; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Universidade Federal do Pará; e Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Essa seleção baseou-se na Avaliação Trienal da Capes 2010-2012 (que eram os dados mais recentes disponíveis quando do desenho da pesquisa). Foram então realizadas 46 entrevistas semiestruturadas com pesquisadoras(es) pertencentes às instituições em que esses Programas estão sediados, a grande maioria delas realizada in loco, para cuja análise foi utilizado o programa Atlas Ti. A exploração desse material, devidamente localizado no contexto histórico do desenvolvimento da área no país, permitiu analisar as representações das(os) pesquisadoras(es) em termos de estratégias negociadas e renegociadas no cotidiano das colaborações nacionais e internacionais e a constituição das agendas de pesquisa, simultaneamente em consonância e em tensão com os padrões e parâmetros do que se convencionou chamar de ciência internacional. Os dados balizam a discussão sobre as possibilidades de reconhecimento da pesquisa em genética humana e médica realizada por brasileiras(os), que explora as tensões entre o local e o internacional, considerando os aspectos que marcam as formas contemporâneas de competição no interior de atividade científica em um campo disciplinar específico. A análise revela a pluralidade das relações entre centros e periferias, em dinâmicas sociais que transformam e recriam desigualdades nacionais, regionais e globais no campo contemporâneo da produção de conhecimento em genética humana e médica. / This doctoral dissertation deals with different dimensions of the relation between centres and peripheries in the production, circulation and legitimation of knowledge, departing from a case study looking at human and medical Genetics in Brazil. Its aims are to discuss the reasons, strategies, contingencies and constrictions of international collaborations taken through by Brazilian researchers in a disciplinary context perceived as structurally unequal. Thus it is about exploring the potentialities of this case study to identify under more specific terms the factors and processes that have been hitherto described in a generalizing manner throughout contemporary discourses on internationalization of science and the transformation of the modes of production of scientific knowledge. To achieve this, a fieldwork has been taken through, comprehending the selection of a sample of researchers in the field of human and medical Genetics in Brazil, therefore leading to the identification of graduate programmes of excellence, located in four public research universities: Universidade de São Paulo campus Ribeirão Preto; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Universidade Federal do Pará, and Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. This selection based itself upon the 2010- 2012 Triennial Evaluation Process of Capes (which were the most recent data available at the moment when the research happened to be designed). After this first preparatory step, 46 semi-structured interviews were held with researchers belonging to the institutions hosting these programmes, the most part of them in loco, after which the software Atlas Ti was used to analyse them. Exploring this material, duly situated in the historical context of the areas development in Brazil, allowed to analyse the representations of these researchers in terms of the strategies employed to negotiate and renegotiate in everyday national as well as international collaborations, alongside the constitution of research agendas, all of them simultaneously in consonance and tension regarding patterns and parameters of what has been agreed upon to receive the name of international science. This data appears as a yardstick to evaluate the discussion concerning the possibilities of recognizing research in human and medical Genetics performed by Brazilian researchers, examining tensions between the local and the international, taking into consideration the aspects that characterize contemporary forms of competition among scientific activity in a specific disciplinary field. The investigation and concurrent analysis reveal the plurality of relations between centres and peripheries, paying special attention to social dynamics that produce and recreate national, regional and global inequalities in the contemporary field of knowledge production in human and medical genetics.

This paper explores a Master of Social Work (MSW) student's experiences in engagement with structural social work during an advanced practicum with a perinatal mental health project in Northeastern Ontario. The goals of the advanced practicum were to: (a) improve reflexive practice, (b) improve understanding of structural social work, specific to social justice, and (c) improve understanding of the role of structural social workers within inter-organizational collaborations. Deconstruction of the engagement with each of the goals and the challenges in facilitation of the objectives are reviewed. Though there are issues and dilemmas facing those who wish to engage in structural social work, this advanced practicum experience was successful in improving the student's engagement with structural social work praxis.

The land-grant university and the cowboy church are two social institutions designed to engage communities. Research is abundant on the former and limited on the latter. The purpose of this study was to provide a descriptive report on cowboy churches, while identifying the potential for university-cowboy church collaborations and examining the direct implications to Cooperative Extension. Rogers' Diffusions of Innovations conceptualized this study and was employed to evaluate the acceptability of university-cowboy church collaborations. This basic qualitative study utilized a purposive snowball technique to identify key informants of the American Fellowship of Cowboy Churches (AFCC). Ten subjects participated in semi-structured, face-to-face and phone interviews. Data were analyzed for common themes and patterns within the context of each of this study's objectives. Findings described cowboy churches affiliated with the AFCC, the interpersonal and mass media communication channels used by these churches, and subject awareness of Cooperative Extension. Conclusions and implications suggest university-cowboy church collaborations are an acceptable innovation, especially in the context of Extension collaborations. There are relative advantages for such collaborations, shared compatibility through each institution's mission, and ample opportunities for trialibility. County agents should initiate contact with cowboy church pastors and collaborations should be initiated regarding in information exchange, horses, livestock shows, and youth.