O presente estudo integra o projeto de construção de uma nova agenda de pesquisas sobre Ações Coletivas no Brasil, proposta por Marcelo Silva, na busca por superar três impasses fundamentais. O primeiro deles diz respeito ao parco acúmulo teórico e empírico da sociologia brasileira sobre os processos de construção das ações coletivas. Soma-se a isso um ainda restrito conhecimento acerca das especificidades de nossa configuração sócio-política e de seus impactos nos processos organizativos. Por fim, nossa carência de instrumentais adequados para apreender e analisar a diversidade de formatos organizativos construídos pelos atores sociais no Brasil. Para contribuir no avanço desta nova agenda de pesquisas, o presente estudo visa identificar os principais mecanismos, fatores e relações que contribuem para a consolidação de laços associativos na periferia urbana e a produção de ações coletivas por parte das classes populares, refletindo a partir do estudo comparativo de três casos particulares. Para tanto, articula referenciais dos campos da sociologia, antropologia e ciência políticas com dados empíricos coletados através de uma investigação etnográfica sobre três coletivos informais compostos por moradores de diferentes regiões da periferia de Porto Alegre, analisados através dos métodos da Análise comparativa. Tal articulação nos permitiu, para além do estudo específico dos casos empíricos investigados, propor novas abordagens teóricas, conceituais e metodológicas para o campo dos estudos sobre as ações coletivas no Brasil. / The present study integrates the constructing project of a new research agenda on Collective Actions in Brazil that has been proposed by Marcelo Silva, intending to overcome three fundamental impasses. The first talks about the poor theorical and empirical knowledge of the Brazilian sociology on the collective actions’ construction processes. We also keep a restrict knowledge about the specificities of our socio-political configuration and its impacts on the societal organizative processes. Finally, we still suffer with a lack of adequate instrumentals to apprehend and analyze the diversity of organizative forms constructed by the social actors in Brazil. Intending to contribute to this new research agenda, the present study is looking for the principal mechanisms, factors and relations that contribute to the strengthening of the associative nets on the urban periphery and the production of collective actions by the popular classes. Because of this, this study articulates sociological, anthropological and political sciences’ references with empirical dates collected by an ethnographic research on three informal collectives composed by subjects who live in different peripherical areas of Porto Alegre. This dates had been analyzed by the comparative analyses. These articulation permits, more than the study of the specific empirical cases investigated, proposing new theorical, conceptual and methodological approaches to the field of collective action’s studies in Brazil.

O presente estudo integra o projeto de construção de uma nova agenda de pesquisas sobre Ações Coletivas no Brasil, proposta por Marcelo Silva, na busca por superar três impasses fundamentais. O primeiro deles diz respeito ao parco acúmulo teórico e empírico da sociologia brasileira sobre os processos de construção das ações coletivas. Soma-se a isso um ainda restrito conhecimento acerca das especificidades de nossa configuração sócio-política e de seus impactos nos processos organizativos. Por fim, nossa carência de instrumentais adequados para apreender e analisar a diversidade de formatos organizativos construídos pelos atores sociais no Brasil. Para contribuir no avanço desta nova agenda de pesquisas, o presente estudo visa identificar os principais mecanismos, fatores e relações que contribuem para a consolidação de laços associativos na periferia urbana e a produção de ações coletivas por parte das classes populares, refletindo a partir do estudo comparativo de três casos particulares. Para tanto, articula referenciais dos campos da sociologia, antropologia e ciência políticas com dados empíricos coletados através de uma investigação etnográfica sobre três coletivos informais compostos por moradores de diferentes regiões da periferia de Porto Alegre, analisados através dos métodos da Análise comparativa. Tal articulação nos permitiu, para além do estudo específico dos casos empíricos investigados, propor novas abordagens teóricas, conceituais e metodológicas para o campo dos estudos sobre as ações coletivas no Brasil. / The present study integrates the constructing project of a new research agenda on Collective Actions in Brazil that has been proposed by Marcelo Silva, intending to overcome three fundamental impasses. The first talks about the poor theorical and empirical knowledge of the Brazilian sociology on the collective actions’ construction processes. We also keep a restrict knowledge about the specificities of our socio-political configuration and its impacts on the societal organizative processes. Finally, we still suffer with a lack of adequate instrumentals to apprehend and analyze the diversity of organizative forms constructed by the social actors in Brazil. Intending to contribute to this new research agenda, the present study is looking for the principal mechanisms, factors and relations that contribute to the strengthening of the associative nets on the urban periphery and the production of collective actions by the popular classes. Because of this, this study articulates sociological, anthropological and political sciences’ references with empirical dates collected by an ethnographic research on three informal collectives composed by subjects who live in different peripherical areas of Porto Alegre. This dates had been analyzed by the comparative analyses. These articulation permits, more than the study of the specific empirical cases investigated, proposing new theorical, conceptual and methodological approaches to the field of collective action’s studies in Brazil.

O presente estudo integra o projeto de construção de uma nova agenda de pesquisas sobre Ações Coletivas no Brasil, proposta por Marcelo Silva, na busca por superar três impasses fundamentais. O primeiro deles diz respeito ao parco acúmulo teórico e empírico da sociologia brasileira sobre os processos de construção das ações coletivas. Soma-se a isso um ainda restrito conhecimento acerca das especificidades de nossa configuração sócio-política e de seus impactos nos processos organizativos. Por fim, nossa carência de instrumentais adequados para apreender e analisar a diversidade de formatos organizativos construídos pelos atores sociais no Brasil. Para contribuir no avanço desta nova agenda de pesquisas, o presente estudo visa identificar os principais mecanismos, fatores e relações que contribuem para a consolidação de laços associativos na periferia urbana e a produção de ações coletivas por parte das classes populares, refletindo a partir do estudo comparativo de três casos particulares. Para tanto, articula referenciais dos campos da sociologia, antropologia e ciência políticas com dados empíricos coletados através de uma investigação etnográfica sobre três coletivos informais compostos por moradores de diferentes regiões da periferia de Porto Alegre, analisados através dos métodos da Análise comparativa. Tal articulação nos permitiu, para além do estudo específico dos casos empíricos investigados, propor novas abordagens teóricas, conceituais e metodológicas para o campo dos estudos sobre as ações coletivas no Brasil. / The present study integrates the constructing project of a new research agenda on Collective Actions in Brazil that has been proposed by Marcelo Silva, intending to overcome three fundamental impasses. The first talks about the poor theorical and empirical knowledge of the Brazilian sociology on the collective actions’ construction processes. We also keep a restrict knowledge about the specificities of our socio-political configuration and its impacts on the societal organizative processes. Finally, we still suffer with a lack of adequate instrumentals to apprehend and analyze the diversity of organizative forms constructed by the social actors in Brazil. Intending to contribute to this new research agenda, the present study is looking for the principal mechanisms, factors and relations that contribute to the strengthening of the associative nets on the urban periphery and the production of collective actions by the popular classes. Because of this, this study articulates sociological, anthropological and political sciences’ references with empirical dates collected by an ethnographic research on three informal collectives composed by subjects who live in different peripherical areas of Porto Alegre. This dates had been analyzed by the comparative analyses. These articulation permits, more than the study of the specific empirical cases investigated, proposing new theorical, conceptual and methodological approaches to the field of collective action’s studies in Brazil.

The purpose of this paper is offer to the reader, especially to the foreign reader, an overall picture of the res judicata en the Brazilian civil procedural law, with a special approach (not the only one) in the treatment to this topic by the Procedual Civil Code of 2015. The first part analyses a set of situaciones, quite peculiar actually, of the own authority of the res judicata along its shades; then, secondly, treats classical themes of the objective and subjective limits, and the peculiar regimen of the collective actions of the res judicata. Finally, the main is to analyze the overall profiles of the institute, without stopping in controversies or specifications regarding the perspective of the domestic law. / El objetivo de este escrito es ofrecer al lector, especialmente al extranjero, un panorama general de la cosa juzgada en derecho procesal civil brasilero, con un enfoque especial (no el único) en el tratamiento dado al tema por el Código del Proceso Civil de 2015. La primera parte del texto analiza un conjunto de situaciones, bastante peculiares en realidad, de la propia autoridad de la cosa juzgada y sus matices; para luego en un segundo momento tratar temas clásicos de los límites objetivos y subjetivos, y el régimen peculiar de cosa juzgada de las acciones colectivas. Finalmente, el objetivo es analizar los perfiles generales del instituto, sin detenerse en polémicas o especificaciones propias de una perspectiva de derecho interno.

Submitted by Marilene Donadel (marilene.donadel@unioeste.br) on 2017-10-31T00:10:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tiago_R_Fischer_2017.pdf: 2003875 bytes, checksum: c1bdcdd4bc45df8951aa64fa2fbe233d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-31T00:10:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tiago_R_Fischer_2017.pdf: 2003875 bytes, checksum: c1bdcdd4bc45df8951aa64fa2fbe233d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Collective actions are present in several organizational structures, among them credit union. This structure has been showing continuous growth rates in Brazil, and has increased its participation in the National Financial System. Credit union has played an important role in the economic and social spheres, emphasizing the role of agent that promotes regional development. Due to this situation, it should be pointed out that according to the literature, if, on the one hand, the growth of credit cooperatives has favored economic results, on the other hand it has generated challenges for the social sphere, due to the greater difficulty in organizing and motivating the credit union governance and the sustainability of this structure. As of 2011, Sicredi Alliance PR/SP, divided its cooperative base into 38 nuclei, so that the large group of cooperatives was divided into smaller groups. Such a procedure is known by Collective Action Theory as the creation of federative groups, maintaining the economic potential of a large group, without, however, losing the characteristics and benefits of small groups. In this sense, the objective of this research is to analyze the implications of group size on the collective performance of Sicredi Aliança PR/SP. The methodology used was the descriptive research, a method that allows the description of the characteristics of a given population or phenomenon, or the establishment of relations between the analyzed variables. The primary data were collected through the application of forms to the cooperative and observation of the assemblies; Already the secondary ones were collected in management reports and minutes of the assemblies. Data analysis was performed using Excel software and SPSS Statistic 24.0, through descriptive statistics and cross-tables, with quantitative-qualitative approach. It was possible to identify the positive influence of federative groups on the collective performance of the credit union under study. Specifically, it was observed that leftovers and the number of credit union increased significantly after the implementation of the new governance model. On the social side, it was also possible to verify a greater participation in assemblies and also the beginning of a credit union education program, which proved to be fundamental for the sustainability of the collective action under study. However, it has been identified that groups are still large and that reducing the size of the group without the accompaniment of cooperative education is not enough. / As ações coletivas estão presentes em diversas estruturas organizacionais, dentre as quais destaca-se o cooperativismo de crédito. Essa estrutura vem apresentando taxas de crescimento contínuas no Brasil, e tem aumentado sua participação no SFN – Sistema Financeiro Nacional. O cooperativismo de crédito, tem desempenhado relevante papel nas esferas econômica e social, destacando-se pelo papel de agente fomentador do desenvolvimento regional. Decorrente dessa conjuntura, cabe destacar que de acordo com a literatura, se por um lado, o crescimento das cooperativas de crédito tem favorecido os resultados econômicos, por outro tem gerado desafios para a esfera social, devido a maior dificuldade de organização e de motivar a participação dos cooperados, consequentemente, prejudicando a governança cooperativa e a sustentabilidade dessa estrutura. A partir de 2011, a Sicredi Aliança PR/SP, dividiu sua base de cooperados em 38 núcleos, de forma que o grupo grande de cooperados foi dividido em grupos menores. Tal procedimento é conhecido pela Teoria da Ação Coletiva como a criação de grupos federativos, mantendo o potencial econômico de um grande grupo, sem, contudo, perder as características e os benefícios dos grupos pequenos. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar as implicações do tamanho do grupo no desempenho coletivo da Sicredi Aliança PR/SP. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa descritiva, método que permite a descrição das características de uma determinada população ou fenômeno, ou ainda, o estabelecimento de relações entre as variáveis analisadas. Os dados primários foram coletados através da aplicação de formulários aos cooperados e observação das assembleias; já os secundários foram coletados em relatórios gerenciais e atas das assembleias. A análise dos dados foi feita com utilização dos softwares Excel e o SPSS Statistic 24.0, através da estatística descritiva e tabelas cruzadas, com abordagem quantitativa-qualitativa. Foi possível identificar a influência positiva dos grupos federativos no desempenho coletivo da cooperativa em estudo. Especificamente observou-se que as sobras e o número de cooperados aumentaram de forma significativa após a implantação do novo modelo de governança. Já no aspecto social, também foi possível verificar uma maior participação em assembleias e ainda o início de um programa de educação cooperativa, que se mostrou fundamental para a sustentabilidade da ação coletiva em estudo. Contudo, foi identificado que os grupos ainda continuam grandes e que a redução do tamanho do grupo sem o acompanhamento da educação cooperativa não é suficiente.

Previous research highlighted that Internet use, in particular online information<p>retrieval and discussions, can facilitate offline collective actions (Boulianne, 2009).<p>Recently, however, the Internet also has been criticized for encouraging low-cost and lowrisk<p>online collective actions—slacktivism—that may have detrimental consequences for<p>groups that aim to achieve a collective purpose (Gladwell, 2010). More precisely, it is<p>argued that actions such as “liking” Facebook pages or posting ingroup-endorsing<p>comments online make users instantly feel good, satisfy their need to act, and derail<p>participation in offline collective actions (Lee & Hsieh, 2013; Morozov, 2009).<p>In my thesis, I assessed this postulation as well as the underlying processes and<p>boundary conditions of the relationship between so-called slacktivist actions and offline<p>collective actions. After introducing a conceptualization of slacktivism as expressive lowthreshold<p>online collective actions, I investigated its influence on offline engagement<p>(Study 1, N = 634; Study 2, N = 76; Study 3, N = 63; Study 4, N = 48). Results indicated that<p>expressive low-threshold online collective actions reduce the willingness to join offline<p>collective actions. This effect was mediated by the satisfaction of group-enhancing<p>motives; members considered the online actions as a substantial contribution to the<p>group's success. The demobilizing impact of expressive low-threshold online collective<p>actions was qualified when members took the online actions in the co-presence of the<p>ingroup, all parties being mutually identifiable (Study 5a, N = 84; Study 5b, N = 99). In this<p>context, obligatory interdependencies between members were enhanced and fostered a<p>spill-over from online to offline collective actions (Study 6, N = 62). / Doctorat en Sciences Psychologiques et de l'éducation / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Initiativ från internationell, nationell och lokal nivå förespråkar arbete i de offentliga rummen för utveckling mot inkluderande, säkra och hållbara städer. Insatser från olika aktörer behövs för att förbättra allmänna platser och många hänvisar till den internationella modellen Business Improvement District (BID) som innebär samverkan mellan kommun, fastighetsägare, handlare och andra aktörer för säkerställande av välskötta och attraktiva offentliga miljöer. I Stockholm har dock privata aktörer upplevt ett motstånd från kommunen när de försöker implementera BID-inspirerade metoder. Den här studien beskriver och analyserar hur BID-inspirerade metoder används för långsiktigt arbete i urban miljö i Sverige och inom Stockholms kommun.  Studien är genomgående kvalitativ och har ett utforskande angreppssätt, där frågeställningen behandlas genom tre delstudier som har utförts parallellt: (1) Observationer, intervjuer och deltagande i seminarier (2) Dokumentbaserade fallstudier av befintliga organisationer som genomför platsspecifikt arbete i Sverige (3) Undersökning av Stockholms Stads beslutsprocesser gällande användning av allmänna platser Studien väger in kommunala och privata perspektiv för att undersöka BID, som begrepp och som verktyg. Resultatet visar att platssamverkan kan appliceras på alla platser där det är fler än en verksam aktör och att det redan finns ett stort antal organisationer som genomför BID-liknande metoder. Det finns dock potentiella konflikter mellan privata intressen och kommunens ansvar att hålla allmänna platser tillgängliga för allmänheten. Stockholms Stad vill vara försiktiga med att implementera nya arbetssätt om det finns risk att vissa människors intressen tillgodoses på bekostnad av andras behov. De anser dock att det är viktigt att tänka nytt inom dessa frågor och tror att processerna kommer att se annorlunda ut när metoder för platssamverkan blir bättre beprövade. Att det saknas tydligt definierade strukturer och riktlinjer för platssamverkan är en begränsande faktor, och en slutsats är att marknaden skulle gynnas av ett paraplyorgan som kan tillhandahålla stöd och vägledning till lokalt arbete. / International, national and local initiatives encourage the development of public spaces towards inclusive, safe and sustainable cities. Contributions from different public and private organisations are needed to improve public places. Many people refer to the international Business Improvement District (BID) model, which involves collaboration between municipalities, property owners, merchants and other industry actors to ensure well-maintained and attractive public environments. Private businesses have however experienced conflicts with the municipality when trying to implement BID-inspired methods in Stockholm. This study investigates how BID-inspired methods are used for long-term management of urban environments in Sweden and within the Stockholm municipality. It is a qualitative study with an exploratory approach that addresses the problem area using the following three procedures: (1) Observations, interviews and participation in seminars (2) Document-based case studies of existing organisations that implement BID-inspired methods in Sweden (3) Exploration of Stockholm municipality’s procedures regarding the use of public places The study discusses both municipal and private perspectives to investigate BID as a phenomenon and as a tool. The results show that BID-inspired methods can be applied in all locations where there is more than one industry actor and that there are a large number of organisations in Sweden already implementing similar methods. However, there are potential conflicts between private interests and the municipality's responsibility to keep public places accessible to the public. Stockholm municipality wants to be careful when implementing new tools and procedures to minimize the risk that certain people will reap benefits at the expense of others. However, they find it important to be innovative about these issues and they believe that such models are more viable when methods for collective actions in place management become verified and systematised. The lack of clearly defined structures and guidelines for implementing such collaborative models is thus a limiting factor, and the conclusion is that the industry would benefit from an umbrella organisation providing support and guidance for local work.

Cette recherche doctorale vise à comprendre et interpréter les conditions d’émergence d’un engagement chez des jeunes en situation de marginalité. Des études ont montré que cette situation peut-être un frein important à l’engagement, en raison d’un manque de ressources personnelles, organisationnelles, ou culturelles. Généralement, on a tendance à insister sur le fait que « les jeunes » ne veulent plus militer. Pourtant, d’importantes actions collectives (mouvements étudiants ou communautaires) ou initiatives citoyennes personnelles (écriture de blogues ou signature de pétitions) viennent contredire cette affirmation. En fait, certaines prises de position, dans la sphère privée notamment, échappent à toute analyse classique et sont prises pour un non-engagement, de l’individualisme voire de l’apathie. À partir d’une approche qualitative, exploratoire et interprétative, le dispositif méthodologique de cette thèse privilégie l’observation participante et les entretiens de groupe afin de recueillir le point de vue des jeunes et d’observer un certain nombre d’actions collectives. C’est par le truchement d’organismes communautaires de jeunesse (OCJ) montréalais qu’une centaine de jeunes ont été rencontrés, de septembre 2010 à décembre 2011. L’analyse itérative du corpus de données s’est inspirée des principes de la théorisation ancrée (grounded theory). Un premier niveau d’analyse descriptive a permis de mettre en exergue les contraintes et les conditions d’émergence de l’engagement ainsi que les performances des jeunes en situation de marginalité. Les différentes formes d’engagement ont ensuite été explorées puis mises en perspective dans différents espaces : « original », « intermédiaire » et « négatif ». L’espace original correspond, dans cette thèse, aux moyens d’actions traditionnels (vote, militantisme politique). Nos résultats montrent que le positionnement des jeunes dans ce cadre est très tranché. En fait, non seulement ces modes d’actions émergent rarement mais, s’ils existent, sont le plus souvent soutenus par des intervenants. Dans un autre espace, les jeunes développent parfois des postures particulières, plus radicales ou, au contraire, des postures de retrait, de non-engagement. Cela se rapporte à ce qu’il conviendrait d’appeler l’espace négatif. Dans ce cas, les contraintes de la situation de marginalité poussent certains jeunes à mettre à distance l’engagement et à se situer aux marges des espaces de participation. L’opposition à toutes formes traditionnelles d’engagement amène des jeunes à envisager des moyens d’action plus radicaux que l’on peut également circonscrire dans cet espace négatif. On trouve au final une tout autre dynamique selon laquelle des jeunes prennent position au sein de ce que l’on a appelé l’espace intermédiaire. Les territoires et les modes d’action sont alors aussi éclectiques que la rue, l’entourage personnel, ou la création artistique underground. Si les rapports à l’engagement des jeunes rencontrés sont complexes, parfois ambivalents, ils révèlent toutefois la recherche d’une alternative, la construction de modes d’action particuliers. Une analyse dynamique des contraintes et des conditions d’émergence de l’engagement des jeunes en difficulté montre que leurs prises de position dépassent la simple dialectique engagement/non-engagement. Ainsi, ce que l’on pourrait appeler un « alter-engagement » se dessine à travers les prises de position de ces jeunes, particulièrement au sein de l’espace intermédiaire. Ce concept est développé pour mettre en évidence les formes d’engagement plus intimes, plus communautaires ou plus artistiques. L’alter-engagement se définit alors comme une forme de prise de position critique, impolitique, en réaction à la fois à l’engagement traditionnel, à une posture de retrait et à une posture plus radicale. / This doctoral research attempts to outline the understanding and interpretation of the conditions leading to the emergence of engagement of young people on the fringe of society. Studies have shown that being on the fringe is a serious obstacle to engagement, due to a lack of personal, organizational and cultural resources. The general tendency is to emphasize the fact that young people do not want to be activists, when in fact, significant collective actions (student or community movements) or initiatives led by individual citizens (blogging or signing petitions) contradict these assertions. In fact, in some cases, taking a standpoint, particularly within the private sphere, elude all analyses and are mistaken for non-involvement, individualism or even apathy. Based on a qualitative, exploratory and interpretative approach, the methodological process of this research favors participative observation and focus groups in order to collect the point of view of young people on the subject of their engagement or non-engagement, as well as observing a certain number of collective actions. Through the intervention of community organizations for young people (OCJ) in Montreal, we were able to meet with about hundred young people between September 2010 and December 2011. The iterative data analysis is based on the principles of Grounded Theory. The first level of descriptive analysis allowed us to highlight the constraints and conditions of the emergence of involvement, as well as performances of youths on the fringe of society. Various forms of engagement have been explored, then put in perspective of the following spaces: “original”, “intermediary” and “negative”. The “original” space corresponds, in this research, to traditional means of action (voting, political activism). Our results show that the positioning of young people within this frame is much divided. In fact, not only do these modes of action rarely emerge, but when they do, they are mostly supported by social worker. In another space, young people sometimes develop particular, more radical positions or, on the contrary, positions of withdrawing and non-involvement. This reflects what could be called a negative space. In that case, constraints inherent to their marginal situation push some young people to distance themselves from engagement and to position themselves at the margin of the spaces of involvement. Opposition to all traditional forms of engagement leads some young people to consider more radical forms of action that may also be included in that negative space. Finally, one finds totally different dynamics as to how some young people position themselves within what we have called the intermediary space. The scope and preferred means of action are as eclectic as the street itself, the personal social circle or the underground creative production. More complex and sometimes ambivalent, the positioning of the young people we have met towards engagement demonstrates a search for an alternative: the elaboration of particular means of action. The dynamic analysis of the constraints and conditions of emergence of engagement of young people shows that their positioning youths go beyond the simple dialectics of involvement vs. noninvolvement. Thus, what could be called “alter-engagement” emerges through the positioning of these young people, particularly within the intermediary space. This concept is developed to outline forms of engagement that are more intimate, more linked to the community or to artistic forms of expression. Alter-engagement therefore defines itself as a critical, a-political standpoint, in reaction at the same time towards traditional engagement, positions of withdrawing and more radical positions.

O intenso processo de urbanização da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo na segunda metade do século XX foi diretamente influenciado pela propriedade privada e pela legislação urbanística. Enquanto as classes dominantes logravam influir sobre a legislação e sobre o direcionamento dos investimentos estatais em infra-estrutura em seu favor, restou às classes dominadas ocupar áreas invadidas ou se instalar em loteamentos de periferia, muitos em áreas de proteção ambiental. A legislação de proteção aos mananciais, editada nos anos setenta, procurou ordenar a ocupação destas áreas, porém é justamente lá que tem ocorrido o maior crescimento da região. A falta de eficácia da norma e a necessidade de garantir o abastecimento de água tornaram necessária a revisão da legislação, objetivando a composição do conflito entre direito à moradia e direito ao meio ambiente, que não devem ser vistos como antagônicos, e sim como conciliáveis. É necessária a implantação de políticas públicas de regularização fundiária sustentável, capazes de garantir a segurança da posse sem provocar danos ambientais. Incumbe à União, Estados e Municípios adotar medidas para possibilitar a regularização fundiária. A regularização administrativa de loteamentos pode ser promovida pelo Município, ainda que com prejuízo a seus padrões urbanísticos. O usucapião especial urbano, individual ou coletivo, permite a regularização fundiária de ocupações em áreas particulares. Nas áreas públicas, a regularização poderá se dar através da concessão especial de uso para fins de moradia, que também poderá ser individual ou coletiva. Caso seja necessária a remoção da população, deverá ser assegurado o exercício do direito à moradia em outro local. Poderá, ainda, ser celebrado termo de ajustamento de conduta perante o Ministério Público, atribuindo-se obrigações a todos os envolvidos na implantação do loteamento, com previsão de penalidade para o caso de descumprimento. A presente dissertação analisa essas questões por meio do estudo de casos inquéritos civis, ações civis públicas e julgados de quatro municípios da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. O estudo de casos demonstra que houve muitas falhas do poder público no processo pelo qual a implantação das ocupações nas áreas de proteção aos mananciais ocorreu, contudo, mostra também que, quando todos os responsáveis se interessam, é possível encontrar soluções criativas e viáveis para os problemas. / The intense process of urban development in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo on the second half of the XX Century was directly influenced by private property and urban law. While the upper classes succeeded in influencing urban law and the direction of state investments in infra-structure in their favour, the lower classes had to occupy public and private land or suburban subdivisions, most of which in areas of environmental protection. Watersprings protection laws, issued in the seventies, aimed at organizing the occupation of these areas, however it is exactly there that the area has grown most. The lack of efficacy of the law and the need to ensure the water supply created the need to review the laws, targeting conflict resolution between housing rights and the right to environment, which should not be seen as antagonistic, since they can be conciliated. It is necessary to promote sustainable land tenure regularization programmes, able to ensure the security of land tenure without environmental damages. The Union, the States and the Municipalities must adopt measures to attain this goal. The administrative regularization of subdivisions may be promoted by Municipalities, though with losses to its urban patterns. The special urban usucapiao (adverse possession), individual or collective allows the regularization of private areas. In public areas, regularization may occur through the concession of the real right of use, which can also be individual or collective. If the removal of the occupiers is necessary, housing rights should be ensured somewhere else. It is also possible to celebrate a conduct adjustment agreement with the Prosecution, in which obligations will be granted to all parties related to the subdivision, including sanctions fines in the case of noncompliance. The current dissertation analyses these matters through the case study of investigations, law suit and judicial decisions from four cities in the Metropolitan Area of Sao Paulo. The case study shows that authorities made many mistakes during the process of occupation of the watersprings protection areas, however it also shows that, when all parties are involved, creative and viable solutions for the problems can be found.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2015-10-19T18:50:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 EMÍLIO THIAGO DE CARVALHO GOMES_.pdf: 1549079 bytes, checksum: a30709358743b1193005420bfb306c9e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-19T18:50:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EMÍLIO THIAGO DE CARVALHO GOMES_.pdf: 1549079 bytes, checksum: a30709358743b1193005420bfb306c9e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-10 / Nenhuma / O presente trabalho analisa a judicialização do cotidiano, no que toca aos exames de temas vinculados aos diversos ramos do direito. Com uma análise crítica da efetividade do direito e da aplicabilidade da norma pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal. Tudo isto, em um ambiente de crises, seja a crise conceitual, a crise de representatividade ou política, a crise estrutural, com surgimento de novos riscos globais e a crise funcional, e de como tais situações fáticas - jurídicas proporcionaram movimentos de efetivação da cidadania e de busca pelo “guardião das promessas democráticas”. Neste contexto, surge a problemática da implementação e efetividade dos direitos sociais, revolvendo-se essa responsabilidade ao Poder Executivo como garantidor das políticas públicas. O que permitirá mostrar a importância do Supremo Tribunal Federal no desenvolvimento da história institucional do Brasil, com a respectiva aplicação de modelo interpretativo de concretização dos direitos sócio-fundamentais. Para determinar o alcance das atribuições do Supremo Tribunal Federal, como intérprete maior da Constituição e das leis, com o objetivo de compreender como a “judicialização do cotidiano” acentua a atuação do Supremo Tribunal Federal, a partir de uma (re)significação do acesso à justiça, decorrente da presença de Estado Social e Democrático de Direito, como modelo de efetivação pública dos valores coletivos, por instrumento das ações coletivas na concretização dos direitos sócio-fundamentais. Assim, apresenta-se uma análise de aspectos contemporâneos do processo constitucional, da decisão judicial, sob dúplice aspecto de como “dizer/fazer” com efetividade, para (re)construir o processo constitucional sob a perspectiva liberal e neoliberal, no âmbito da necessidade de efetividade dos direitos fundamentais, visto que, por conta dessa crescente judicialização proliferou um discurso de efetividade compreendida como eficiência e, assim, deu-se prevalência a uma justiça de números, despreocupada com a qualidade (com o aspecto material) das decisões judiciais. E ao final, o trabalho irá analisar a efetividade dos direitos fundamentais por meio de uma teoria da decisão, ou seja, de um controle substantivo da decisão judicial, de maneira a utilizar o princípio do não retrocesso como parâmetro garantidor da segurança jurídica e da estabilidade das relações sociais, em um ambiente de judicialização do cotidiano. / This paper analyzes the legalization of everyday life, with regard to examinations of topics related to different areas of law. With a critical analysis of the effectiveness of the law and the applicability of the standard by the Supreme Court. All this, in an environment of crisis, is the conceptual crisis, the crisis of representation and policy, structural crisis, with the emergence of new global risks and functional crisis, and as such factual situations - provided legal movements of effective citizenship and search for "guardian of democratic promises." In this context, the issue of implementation and effectiveness of social rights arises, stirring up this responsibility to the executive branch as a guarantor of public policies. What will show the importance of the Supreme Court in the development of the institutional history of Brazil, with its application of interpretative model of delivering social-fundamental rights. To determine the scope of the powers of the Supreme Court, as the greatest interpreter of the Constitution and laws, with the goal of understanding how the "judicialization of the daily" stresses the role of the Supreme Court, from a (re) signification access to justice, due to the presence of Social and Democratic State of Law as public enforcement of collective values model, by means of collective action in achieving social and fundamental rights. Thus, we present an analysis of contemporary aspects of the constitutional process, judicial decision, under the twofold aspect as "say / do" with effectiveness, to (re) build the constitutional process under the liberal and neoliberal perspective, in the context of the need effectiveness of fundamental rights, since, on account of this growing legalization proliferate effectiveness of a speech understood as efficiency and thus gave prevalence to a justice of numbers, unconcerned with the quality (with the material aspect) of judgments. And in the end, the paper will analyze the effectiveness of fundamental rights by a decision theory, ie, a substantive control of the court decision, so using the principle of non-retrogression parameter as guarantor of legal security and stability of social relations, in an environment of the legalization of everyday life.