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Objetivo: Identificar as questões antiéticas, aéticas e iatrogênicas dos Profissionais da Enfermagem através da análise qualitativa dos processos ético-profissionais abertos junto ao COREN SP no período de 1º de janeiro de 2001 a 31 de dezembro de 2004. Quantificar o número de processos ético-profissionais abertos; identificar o perfil dos profissionais denunciados; relacionar as infrações éticas com os artigos elencados no Código de Ética dos Profissionais de Enfermagem; analisar os processos ético-profissionais, sistematizando os resultados de modo a obter os principais tipos de denúncia, seus locais de ocorrência e a identificação dos tipos de denunciantes; discutir a iatrogenia como fator predominante da infração ética. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, documental e de corte qualitativo baseada na coleta de dados contidos nos autos dos processos ético-profissionais, no âmbito do COREN SP, no período de 1º de janeiro de 2001 a 31 de dezembro de 2004, por meio da utilização de um questionário, o questionário se encontra no Anexo 1. Do material coletado foram excluídos os processos ético-profissionais cujos dados não permitiram o preenchimento completo do questionário. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise estatística. Resultados e Conclusões: Foram analisados 189 (cento e oitenta e nove) processos ético-profissionais no período de 1º de janeiro de 2001 até 31 de dezembro de 2004, período de 4 (quatro) anos. A coleta desses dados foi feita no Conselho Regional de Enfermagem de São Paulo - COREN SP, nos anos de 2010 e 2011. A maioria das ocorrências chega ao CORENSP por meio de denuncia feita pelas CEEs, com relação à distribuição do número de descritores agrupados em tipos de infrações éticas envolvidos na denúncia, dos Processos Ético- Profissionais analisados houve uma predominância da iatrogenia 38,83% dentre os descritores dos processos analisados. As denúncias são feitas em sua grande maioria dentro de hospitais públicos, as denúncias entre a cidade de São Paulo e cidades do interior do estado de São Paulo de acordo com a pessoa jurídica (CEE) como parte denunciante indicam um maior número de denúncias feitas pelas Comissões de Ética de Enfermagem - CEEs do interior do estado de São Paulo. As denúncias de pessoas físicas ocorreram no interior em 63,64% do estado de São Paulo e 36,36% na capital, indicando, portanto um maior número de denúncias feito por pessoa física no interior. Houve uma maior caracterização da parte denunciada como pessoa física na capital do que no interior do estado de São Paulo. As pessoas que denunciam 52% são pacientes, seguidos por acompanhantes 32%. A maioria das pessoas físicas como parte denunciada foram os auxiliares de enfermagem em 55,56%, enquanto enfermeiros foram denunciados 33,9%. Com relação à distribuição dos artigos infringidos do Código de Ética dos Profissionais de Enfermagem, segundo o número e a porcentagem em ordem decrescente o artigo mais infringido, artigo 16, aconteceu em 11,13%. Outras importantes variáveis foram estudadas e serão analisadas em trabalhos futuros / Objective: Identify the unethical, non-ethical and iatrogenic issues of the Nursing staff through qualitative analysis of the ethical legal proceedings taken at COREN SP during the period of January 1st 2001 to December 31st 2004. Quantify the number of ethical processes taken; identify the profile of the professionals accused; relate the ethical infractions with articles listed in the Code of Ethics of Professional Nursing; analyze the ethical and professional proceedings, systematizing the results in order to obtain the main types of complaint, their places of occurrence and identify the types of informers; discuss iatrogeny as a predominant factor of ethical offence. Method: This was an exploratory, documentary and qualitative research based on the collection of data in the record of proceedings within the ethical processes under COREN SP during the period January 1st 2001 to December 31st 2004, by use of a questionnaire, which is in Annex 1. Ethical processes whose data did not allow the complete filling out of the questionnaire were excluded. The data were subjected to statistical analysis. Results and Conclusions: One hundred and eighty-nine (189) ethical proceedings from the period of January 1st 2001 to December 31st 2004 were analyzed, a period of four (4) years. The collection was taken at the Regional Council of Nursing São Paulo - COREN SP, within the years 2010 and 2011. Most occurrences reach CORENSP through complaints made by the Nursing Ethics Committees (NEC). With respect to the distribution of the number of descriptors grouped into types of ethical violations involved in the complaint, there was a prevalence of 38.83% of iatrogenic descriptors in the analyzed processes. Complaints are mostly made within public hospitals. The complaints from the city of São Paulo and other cities in the state, in accordance with the legal person (NEC) indicate a greater number of complaints made by Ethics Committees in Nursing - in the state of São Paulo, not in the capital. Reports from individuals occurred in 63.64% within the state of São Paulo, while in the capital it were 36.36%, thus indicating a greater number of complaints made by individuals within the state of São Paulo. There was a greater characterization of the individual as reported in the capital than in the state of São Paulo. People who complain are 52% patients, followed by 32% companions. Most individuals reported were nursing assistants: 55.56%, while nurses were reported by 33.9%. The most violated article in the Code of Ethics of Professional Nursing was Article 16, which means 11.13%. Other important variables were studied and will be analyzed in a future research

Objetivo: Identificar as questões antiéticas, aéticas e iatrogênicas dos Profissionais da Enfermagem através da análise qualitativa dos processos ético-profissionais abertos junto ao COREN SP no período de 1º de janeiro de 2001 a 31 de dezembro de 2004. Quantificar o número de processos ético-profissionais abertos; identificar o perfil dos profissionais denunciados; relacionar as infrações éticas com os artigos elencados no Código de Ética dos Profissionais de Enfermagem; analisar os processos ético-profissionais, sistematizando os resultados de modo a obter os principais tipos de denúncia, seus locais de ocorrência e a identificação dos tipos de denunciantes; discutir a iatrogenia como fator predominante da infração ética. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, documental e de corte qualitativo baseada na coleta de dados contidos nos autos dos processos ético-profissionais, no âmbito do COREN SP, no período de 1º de janeiro de 2001 a 31 de dezembro de 2004, por meio da utilização de um questionário, o questionário se encontra no Anexo 1. Do material coletado foram excluídos os processos ético-profissionais cujos dados não permitiram o preenchimento completo do questionário. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise estatística. Resultados e Conclusões: Foram analisados 189 (cento e oitenta e nove) processos ético-profissionais no período de 1º de janeiro de 2001 até 31 de dezembro de 2004, período de 4 (quatro) anos. A coleta desses dados foi feita no Conselho Regional de Enfermagem de São Paulo - COREN SP, nos anos de 2010 e 2011. A maioria das ocorrências chega ao CORENSP por meio de denuncia feita pelas CEEs, com relação à distribuição do número de descritores agrupados em tipos de infrações éticas envolvidos na denúncia, dos Processos Ético- Profissionais analisados houve uma predominância da iatrogenia 38,83% dentre os descritores dos processos analisados. As denúncias são feitas em sua grande maioria dentro de hospitais públicos, as denúncias entre a cidade de São Paulo e cidades do interior do estado de São Paulo de acordo com a pessoa jurídica (CEE) como parte denunciante indicam um maior número de denúncias feitas pelas Comissões de Ética de Enfermagem - CEEs do interior do estado de São Paulo. As denúncias de pessoas físicas ocorreram no interior em 63,64% do estado de São Paulo e 36,36% na capital, indicando, portanto um maior número de denúncias feito por pessoa física no interior. Houve uma maior caracterização da parte denunciada como pessoa física na capital do que no interior do estado de São Paulo. As pessoas que denunciam 52% são pacientes, seguidos por acompanhantes 32%. A maioria das pessoas físicas como parte denunciada foram os auxiliares de enfermagem em 55,56%, enquanto enfermeiros foram denunciados 33,9%. Com relação à distribuição dos artigos infringidos do Código de Ética dos Profissionais de Enfermagem, segundo o número e a porcentagem em ordem decrescente o artigo mais infringido, artigo 16, aconteceu em 11,13%. Outras importantes variáveis foram estudadas e serão analisadas em trabalhos futuros / Objective: Identify the unethical, non-ethical and iatrogenic issues of the Nursing staff through qualitative analysis of the ethical legal proceedings taken at COREN SP during the period of January 1st 2001 to December 31st 2004. Quantify the number of ethical processes taken; identify the profile of the professionals accused; relate the ethical infractions with articles listed in the Code of Ethics of Professional Nursing; analyze the ethical and professional proceedings, systematizing the results in order to obtain the main types of complaint, their places of occurrence and identify the types of informers; discuss iatrogeny as a predominant factor of ethical offence. Method: This was an exploratory, documentary and qualitative research based on the collection of data in the record of proceedings within the ethical processes under COREN SP during the period January 1st 2001 to December 31st 2004, by use of a questionnaire, which is in Annex 1. Ethical processes whose data did not allow the complete filling out of the questionnaire were excluded. The data were subjected to statistical analysis. Results and Conclusions: One hundred and eighty-nine (189) ethical proceedings from the period of January 1st 2001 to December 31st 2004 were analyzed, a period of four (4) years. The collection was taken at the Regional Council of Nursing São Paulo - COREN SP, within the years 2010 and 2011. Most occurrences reach CORENSP through complaints made by the Nursing Ethics Committees (NEC). With respect to the distribution of the number of descriptors grouped into types of ethical violations involved in the complaint, there was a prevalence of 38.83% of iatrogenic descriptors in the analyzed processes. Complaints are mostly made within public hospitals. The complaints from the city of São Paulo and other cities in the state, in accordance with the legal person (NEC) indicate a greater number of complaints made by Ethics Committees in Nursing - in the state of São Paulo, not in the capital. Reports from individuals occurred in 63.64% within the state of São Paulo, while in the capital it were 36.36%, thus indicating a greater number of complaints made by individuals within the state of São Paulo. There was a greater characterization of the individual as reported in the capital than in the state of São Paulo. People who complain are 52% patients, followed by 32% companions. Most individuals reported were nursing assistants: 55.56%, while nurses were reported by 33.9%. The most violated article in the Code of Ethics of Professional Nursing was Article 16, which means 11.13%. Other important variables were studied and will be analyzed in a future research

MPM / Oliver Tambo Institute of Governance and Policy Studies / The aim of the study investigates the significance of Auditor General in the control of public funds in local government with specific reference to Mopani District Municipality in order to make recommendations that can assist in improving the control of public funds. The research identifies and assesses weaknesses in how Mopani District Municipality has been controlling its public funds by analyzing the Auditor General reports for the past three financial years and its implications to service delivery. The research further assesses the role played by Auditor General in influencing the internal financial control of the municipality and in auditing the performance of the municipality since in other municipalities money is paid to contractors for services not rendered. The study provides academic input into public administration, specifically in the area of improving service delivery performance, control and financial performance management in municipalities. The study could contribute to the establishment of effective ways of monitoring the control of public funds by municipalities. / NRF

This dissertation is a study of academic freedom, an issue which is regarded as a precondition for the university's successful execution of its task, namely the advancement and dissemination of knowledge. To understand what academic freedom really implies and entails, a historical review was undertaken of the various interpretations of academic freedom in the Medieval Italy and France, Imperial Germany, the late 19th century and the 20th century American and South African universities. As an ideal, academic freedom implies the free but responsible search for knowledge and truth. The historical review revealed, however, that academic freedom has at times been misunderstood and abused. The realisation of true academic freedom in South African universities was the motivating force behind this study. Therefore, this study is concluded with guidelines and recommendations grounded in the historical review that will hopefully promote academic freedom in South African universities. / Educational Studies / D. Ed. (History of Education)

This dissertation is a study of academic freedom, an issue which is regarded as a precondition for the university's successful execution of its task, namely the advancement and dissemination of knowledge. To understand what academic freedom really implies and entails, a historical review was undertaken of the various interpretations of academic freedom in the Medieval Italy and France, Imperial Germany, the late 19th century and the 20th century American and South African universities. As an ideal, academic freedom implies the free but responsible search for knowledge and truth. The historical review revealed, however, that academic freedom has at times been misunderstood and abused. The realisation of true academic freedom in South African universities was the motivating force behind this study. Therefore, this study is concluded with guidelines and recommendations grounded in the historical review that will hopefully promote academic freedom in South African universities. / Educational Studies / D. Ed. (History of Education)