Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:34:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Paula de Castro Escanuela.pdf: 504933 bytes, checksum: d2d2ec8960b18e856184e2d743671eb0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-10-26 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / To search the formal process of adaptation at school of adolescent-students those are judicially distinctive qualified as offenders and ordered to the educativesocial step fulfillment in open way - Community Services Repayment (PSC) and Attended Freedom (LA) - prescribed by the Federal Law nº 8069 of July 13th of 1990 institutes the Adolescent and Child Statute (ECA) that implied in the needs to set up the searches beyond of the school borders and carrying an attentive reading about the proper (ECA) such as in respect to its basic principles, applicability, beyond the transformations and social impacts came from its implementation, in order to understand what is the school function in the face to the educative-social step process that offenders adolescent are submitted. The struggle about (ECA) will be retaken in the analytical description of the data gotten through half-structuralized research made to pedagogical coordinators and teacher in two public schools - one municipal and other one state - located in a city from Sao Paulo State and also to subsidiary data came from Judicial process studding about the students in (PSC) and (LA), as well as the Youth and Childhood Judge statement and professionals responsible for the educative-social step accompaniment related. The indicating elements of the relations that schools establish to students in (PSC) and (LA) are analyzed from the critical theoretical reference of those authors Adorno, Horkheimer and Marcuse to the objective of verify how the formal process of adaptation at school of the adolescent in question not only corroborates for guarantee their social right but also to recovering or readjustment them to the society / Investigar o processo de escolarização formal de alunos/adolescentes judicialmente tipificados como infratores e determinados ao cumprimento das medidas sócio-educativas em meio aberto Prestação de Serviços à Comunidade PSC e Liberdade Assistida LA prescritas pela Lei nº 8069 de 13 de julho de 1990, que institui o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente implicou na necessidade de situar a investigação para além das fronteiras da escola e realizar uma atenta leitura sobre o próprio ECA, tanto no que concerne aos seus princípios fundamentais, sua aplicabilidade, além das transformações e impactos sociais advindos de sua implementação, a fim de entendermos qual a função da escola diante do processo sócio-educativo a que são submetidos adolescentes infratores. A discussão sobre o ECA foi retomada na descrição analítica dos dados obtidos através de entrevistas semi-estruturadas realizadas com professores e coordenadores pedagógicas de duas escolas públicas uma municipal e uma estadual - localizadas em uma cidade do interior paulista e ainda de dados subsidiários oriundos da leitura dos processos judiciais dos alunos em PSC e LA, bem como do depoimento do juiz da infância e juventude e dos profissionais responsáveis pelo acompanhamento das referidas medidas sócio-educativas. Os elementos indicadores das relações que as escolas estabeleceram com os alunos em PSC e LA foram analisados a partir do referencial teórico crítico dos autores Adorno, Horkheimer e Marcuse com o propósito de verificar se a escolarização do adolescente em questão corroborou não somente para garantia de um direito social mas para sua reinserção ou readaptação à sociedade

The aim of the study is twofold. First, to provide a picture of what happens when groups of citizens cooperate with municipalities and administrations to produce services essential to the community, i.e., elderly care or road maintenance. Second, to compare this picture with the picture of citizens’ involvement that the civil society theories describe. This is done by comparing four different cooperation projects. The empirical material has been gathered through four qualitative case studies – two elderly care cases and two road maintenance cases – and the analytical frame has been drawn mostly from organization theory, especially the resource dependence and the institutional perspectives. In the dissertation it is shown that in the projects with less complications the processes developed in a way that balanced, to some extent, the asymmetry in the dependence relation, i.e., the resources controlled by the groups became more interesting for the administrations and municipalities. These processes did also develop in a way that made it possible for the actors to come to an agreement of what problem the project was supposed to solve. These findings covariates with how interested the municipalities and the Road Administration organizations were to participate in the cooperation projects. It also covariates with the use of institutionalized cooperation forms. The short cut of an already defined and legitimated cooperation form implied that less transaction resources had to be invested in the cooperation itself – but as a result the actors did not communicate sufficiently and therefore did not develop a mutual understanding and trust. Another finding is that both the groups and the municipalities and administrations had pragmatic motives for their involvement in the cooperation projects, which led to an organizational form that was effective for the purpose of solving the identified problem with the elderly care/road maintenance, but not for the unintended consequences described by the civil society theories. As the group of citizens really involved was small, the consequences – greater solidarity and responsibility, and a decentralized democratic process, only comprised a few, mostly resourceful, citizens. Finally, the study shows that the groups’ contributions to the democratic process were limited by their involvement in actually solving the problem in question, i.e., to build and run an elderly home or to work with the improvement of the roads. The findings suggests that the picture of citizens’ involvement often put forward in the political debate in Sweden – as both a complement to the service provided by the public sector and a way to improve the democratic process – ought to be the subject of further research.

Incarceration of offenders has been relied upon as the dominant sentence option through the years to address the objectives of punishment. Research has shown that the above-mentioned approach does not match the current lifestyle anymore. Correctional centres (prisons) not only in South Africa, but across the board are faced with the same challenge. This is of course not a problem of the Department of Correctional Services alone, but that of the entire justice system. It is therefore obligatory for Justice to join hands with society in accordance with the White Paper on Corrections in South Africa (2005:63-68). Playing a major role in all above-mentioned bodies is Parliament, without which the whole justice system would not exist, let alone functioning. The victims of crime would most probably not condone any soft approach towards treating offenders, worse with alleviating overpopulation by releasing inmates from correctional centres. It is the researcher's submission that the effects of overpopulation coupled with inmate's human rights, as entrenched in the Constitution becomes the major driving force to address overcrowding in our correctional centres. / Penelogy / (M.A. (Penelogy))

The World Prison Brief Walmsley (2001:2) reveals that there are 8,7 million people held in penal institutions throughout the world, either as pre-trial detainees or having been convicted and sentenced. Although the rising prison population in South Africa is of great concern, it is certainly not just a South African problem, but an international phenomenon. Prison overcrowding and the resultant financial and human rights problems related to this phenomenon, remain one of the paramount concerns of both developed and developing countries. Overcrowding of prisons negates the rehabilitation of offenders, undermines human dignity in correctional facilities and renders the safety and security of offenders and the community vulnerable. Another problem facing the Department of Correctional Services is the control of communicable diseases and viruses, particularly HIV/AIDS and Tuberculosis. The problem of overcrowding facilitates the easy spread of communicable diseases among inmates. Imprisonment as a sanction remains a reality. Providing alternatives to imprisonment, for example, community based-sanctions, does however ensure that a significant number of offenders can be dealt with in a more balanced manner. Alternative sanctions to incarceration can be more successful, less costly to the state, have fewer negative implications and will lighten the load for the criminal justice system, hence reducing overcrowding. In order to reduce the overcrowding in prisons there has to be a reduction in the number of both awaiting-trial and sentenced prisoners. Reducing the inflow of offenders from the courts to the prisons and trying to get minor offenders in prison to be released should accomplish this. Courts and magistrates must break away from centuries of reliance on imprisonment as punishment. If more people show interest in the human rights of incarcerated prisoners, then further effort will be placed on resolving the overpopulation problem facing the Department of Correctional Services. / Criminology and Security Science / (D. Litt et Phil.(Penology))

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-11-21T08:58:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Cintia Helena Bulgarelli Freitas.pdf: 2665576 bytes, checksum: 23b24862d5a75a8b56914df3db83c963 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-21T08:58:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cintia Helena Bulgarelli Freitas.pdf: 2665576 bytes, checksum: 23b24862d5a75a8b56914df3db83c963 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-09-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This Master’s degree dissertation was to understand the particularities of practices related to Community Service Sentence / Order within the scope of the Social Work and Psychology Section of CEPEMA, at Federal Judiciary in São Paulo, based on the constructionist perspective’s assumptions, on the concepts of complexity, multiple realities and ontological politics as well as the notion of performativity. To reach its general purpose we historicized it in the world and in Brazil; we compare the English model, due to the seniority and frequent studies on the subject, to the Brazilian model, whose studies are still incipient; we described the Section’s service and characterized its diversity from initial and exit interviews. Document search and the PsycINFO database search were the procedures used to achieve the first three specific objectives and the choice and analysis of interview reports for the latter. Through this trajectory, we have identified that, at Federal Judiciary, in São Paulo, there are different ways to operationalize Community Service, from the places and practices that perform or enact it. In federal courts, where judgments and agreements are made, it is performed in its juridical aspect, as an alternative penalty or measure to prison; in the criminal execution proceedings, during a hearing, when a judge begins the execution of the sentence, Community Sentence, although performed in its legal aspect, has its focus shifted to the admonition and possible adjustment of the sentence imposed to the current conditions of the convicted person; in the Section, during the interviews, it is performed in its psychosocial aspect and in the agreed institutions it can be performed in different versions, according to three of the four conceptual models that guide the discourses of its applicability: rehabilitation of the person, a sense of revenge and the unfolding of the contemporary change from Nation-State to Market-State. The visibility we seek to give to Section’s Community Service practices lies in the need to problematize and denaturalize situations experienced by interviewees, which are often not considered, nor in the context of judgment and attribution of sentences, nor in the scope of criminal execution, since its reality produced during the admonition hearing, based on the logic of Criminal Law, is not the same as that produced in the Section during the initial interview, based on the logics of Social Service and Psychology. In the first, the legal order is privileged, since it contains the element of coercion, supported by the use of force. In this sense, the legal reality about Community Service naturally overlaps the psychosocial reality, hiding and smothering what could minimize or make it unfeasible. That is why we need to make explicit ethical and political positions regarding these realities, opening the way for dialogue about such delicate human issues we deal with on a daily basis, which at some point must be considered / O objetivo desta dissertação foi entender as particularidades das práticas relacionadas à Prestação de Serviços à Comunidade – PSC enquanto pena / medida alternativa à prisão, no âmbito da Seção de Serviço Social e Psicologia da CEPEMA, na Justiça Criminal Federal de São Paulo, a partir dos pressupostos da perspectiva construcionista, dos conceitos de complexidade, de múltiplas realidades e de ontologias políticas, além da noção de performatividade. Para se alcançar o objetivo proposto, historicizou-se a PSC no mundo e no Brasil; comparou-se o modelo inglês, pela antiguidade e frequentes estudos sobre o tema, ao modelo brasileiro, cujos estudos ainda se mostram incipientes; foi descrito o serviço da Seção e caracterizada a diversidade da PSC a partir das entrevistas iniciais e de desligamento. A pesquisa documental e na base de dados PsycINFO foi o procedimento utilizado para se alcançar os três primeiros objetivos específicos e, a escolha e a análise de relatos das entrevistas, para o último. Por meio dessa trajetória, identificou-se que, no judiciário criminal federal, em São Paulo, há maneiras distintas de operacionalizar a PSC, a partir dos locais e das práticas que a performam ou enact. Nas varas criminais federais, em que são feitos julgamentos e acordos, a PSC é performada em sua vertente jurídica, enquanto pena ou medida alternativa à prisão; na vara das execuções penais, durante as audiências admonitórias, quando um juiz dá início à execução da condenação, a PSC, embora performada em sua vertente jurídica, tem seu foco deslocado para a admoestação e eventual adequação da pena imposta às condições atuais da pessoa condenada; na Seção de Serviço Social e Psicologia, durante as entrevistas, a PSC é performada em sua vertente psicossocial; e nas instituições conveniadas, a PSC pode ser performada em diferentes versões, de acordo com três dos quatro modelos conceituais que norteiam os discursos de sua aplicabilidade: reabilitação da pessoa, sentimento de vingança e o desenrolar da mudança contemporânea de Estado-Nação para Estado-Mercado. A visibilidade que se buscou dar às práticas de PSC da Seção reside na necessidade de problematizar e desnaturalizar as situações vividas pelas pessoas entrevistadas que, na maioria das vezes, não são consideradas, nem no contexto de julgamento e atribuição das penas, tampouco no âmbito da execução, uma vez que a realidade sobre a PSC produzida na vara durante a audiência admonitória, a partir da lógica do Direito Penal, não é a mesma produzida na Seção durante a entrevista inicial, a partir das lógicas do Serviço Social e da Psicologia. Na primeira, a ordem jurídica é privilegiada, por conter o elemento da coação, apoiado no uso da força. Nesse sentido, a realidade jurídica sobre a PSC naturalmente se sobrepõe à realidade psicossocial, escamoteando e abafando aquilo que poderia minimizá-la ou inviabilizá-la. Por isso, há a necessidade de se explicitar posições éticas e políticas frente a essas realidades, abrindo-se caminho para o diálogo entre saberes sobre questões humanas tão delicadas, com as quais se lida cotidianamente e que, em algum momento ou medida, precisam ser ponderadas

This thesis focuses on the issue of active employment policy as a tool to improve the situation on the labor market. The aim of this thesis is characterize the individual instruments of active employment policy in the South Bohemian Region and propose recommendations, which may lead to its improved interaction. In addition to the active employment policy work focuses on the seriousness of the situation in the application of risk groups in the labor market. Based on the results of the investigation are suggested appropriate measures that would lead to greater efficiency in the application of these tools.

The purpose of the study was to explore and describe the experiences of male community service officers during midwifery clinical training. A qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual design was used in order to achieve the study objectives. Data was collected by means of semi-structured interviews. Data analysis elucidated analogous themes and categories which translated into the overall experiences of the participants. The study found that whilst the experience was described as beneficial, there were overwhelming challenges in providing intimate care to female clients, dealing with ethno-cultural aspects, meeting clinical practice requirements and the right to choose to be part of midwifery clinical training. Recommendations to nurse educators, clinical midwives and midwifery clinical supervisors with regard to better support for male nurses during midwifery clinical training emanated from the study findings / Health Studies / M.A. (Health Studies)

No description available.

No description available.

ABSTRACT LANDSCAPES OF COMPASSION: A GUATEMALAN EXPERIENCE MAY 2011 TRAVIS WILLIAM SHULTZ A.S., UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST B.A., UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST M.A., UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST Directed by: Professor Peter Kumble, PhD If landscape architecture can intertwine with the practice of social justice, how should academic training provide an atmosphere where this correlation is developed? In a professional degree program, such as landscape architecture, there are a plethora of skills among students that can be utilized no only in their future careers, but during their academic experience. By learning the tools while implementing them, there is a profound educational opportunity to be taken advantage of. An even greater opportunity can be capitalized if the tools are implemented in a context where the deliverables make positive impacts on impoverished communities. The goal of this thesis is to demonstrate how a landscape architect can contribute to humanitarian efforts; and the opportunity for this contribution should begin within the walls of academia. To support this argument, the author reviews literature and clarifies the vision and targets of this style of learning. The most convincing part of this thesis was the implementation of a graduate level class, LA 591g: Applied Field Studies in Guatemala, where eight students, a professional, and a professor combined their scholastic, professional, and life experiences in a community service learning atmosphere. Their work lead to the start-up of AbonOrgánico, a non-for-profit company located in Guatemala City whose mission is: To supply necessary jobs to at-risk youth from impoverished communities within Guatemala City by taking organic waste from the Central Market in Guatemala City and producing high-quality compost. Students participated in a 9-day spring break trip to Guatemala City, 11 journal entries, 2 questionnaires, 5 group reflection meetings, a 145-slide department-wide presentation, and a 12-chapter manual including a site design, construction details, operational guidelines, and a business plan. In the pages of the thesis, the reader will see how this class set out to make a difference with the tools they had, and they did, but the most profound difference was made by this community on them.