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Jogos lógicos no Ensino FundamentalRosa, Leandro Viana da January 2016 (has links)
Esta pesquisa se dedicou à introdução dos jogos lógicos na sala de aula, em específico, ela busca a investigação das dificuldades encontradas pelos alunos com os diferentes estilos de jogos apresentados e quais são os raciocínios lógicos utilizados para a resolução dos problemas propostos. Buscamos os benefícios que estes jogos podem trazer para o ensino e a aprendizagem na sala de aula. Aliado a isso também trabalhamos a parte geométrica dos tabuleiros, e com isso os alunos utilizaram como ferramentas a régua e o compasso para a construção dos tabuleiros apresentados.. Para tanto, a metodologia de pesquisa escolhida foi o Estudo de Caso, de acordo com Fiorentini e Lorenzato (2006), Ventura (2007) e Gil (2002). O referencial teórico é baseado nos trabalhos de Macedo (2007), Grando (2011), Skovsmose (2000), Huizinga (2000), Kishimoto (2006), Zuin (2001), bem como os PCNs e outros artigos/livros relacionados aos jogos lógicos e as construções geométricas com a régua e o compasso. As atividades foram desenvolvidas com uma turma do 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental de em uma Escola Municipal de Porto Alegre, no ano de 2015. Em especial sugerimos que é possível a inserção desses materiais a fim de serem usados como ferramentas de auxílio no ensino aprendizagem de matemática contribuindo positivamente para a formação dos alunos. Os registros coletados no estudo de caso possibilitaram a validação da proposta. / The present research has focused on the introduction of the logical games in the class. It aims to pin point difficulties presented by the students on the different styles of games proposed and a logical ratiocination is required to solve the tasks proposed. The benefits of the games along with the teaching and learning in the classroom was the goal. Additionally, the geometric segment of board games have been investigated and students used tools as ruler and compass to the construction of the boards presented. Therefore, the chosen researching methodology was the Case Study, according to Fiorentini e Lorenzato (2006), Ventura (2007) e Gil (2002). The theoretical referential is based on Works from Macedo (2007), Grando (2011), Skovsmose (2000), Huizinga (2000), Kishimoto (2006), Zuin (2001), along with the PCNs and others articles/books related to logical games and geometric constructions with a ruler and a compass. The activities were performed by a 9th grade group of the Elementary School in a Municipal School in Porto Alegre, in 2015. We showed in particular that is possible the insertion of these materials in order to be used as a sustenance tool on Mathematics Learning contributing positively to students formation. The data collected in the case study enabled the authentication of the proposal.
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ConstruÃÃes com rÃgua e compasso e algumas aplicaÃÃes / Constructions with ruler and compass and some applicationsEmanuel Oliveira de AraÃjo 29 September 2015 (has links)
coordenadoria de aperfeiÃoamento de pessoal de ensino superior / Este trabalho apresenta construÃÃes bÃsicas realizadas com rÃgua e compasso que foram desenvolvidas por civilizaÃÃes antigas com o intuito de realizar tarefas do cotidiano e construir
monumentos. Para isso, os procedimentos utilizados eram baseados em retas e circunferÃncias com a intenÃÃo de encontrar a medida adequada para estas realizaÃÃes. Mostraremos neste trabalho as principais construÃÃes realizadas com esses instrumentos, como alguns polÃgonos e algumas medidas algÃbricas. Analisaremos essas construÃÃes de forma simples e algÃbrica para justificar a veracidade de suas conclusÃes. Entenderemos tambÃm o conceito de nÃmeros construtÃveis e suas caracterÃsticas. Aprenderemos a identificar se um nÃmero pode ou nÃo ser construÃdo com a rÃgua e o compasso. Com isso, poderemos verificar com melhor clareza os problemas clÃssicos da geometria e o real motivo de nÃo haver soluÃÃes de construÃÃo para estes problemas. A finalidade deste trabalho à recordar um pouco do desenvolvimento da Geometria e mostrar ao aluno
que algumas fÃrmulas e equaÃÃes podem ser desenhadas para que sua soluÃÃo seja revelada. / This paper presents basic constructions made with ruler and compass were developed by ancient civilizations in order to perform daily tasks and build monuments. For this,the procedures used were based on lines and circles with the intention of finding the appropriate measure for these achievements. We show in this paper the main buildings
made with these instruments, such as polygons and some algebraic measures. We analyze these buildings simply and algebraic way to justify the veracity of its findings.
Also we will understand the concept of constructible numbers and characteristics. We learn to identify a number may or may not be constructed with ruler and compass. With this, we can see with clarity the classic problems of geometry and the real reason there is no building solutions to these problems. The purpose of this work is to recall some of the development of geometry and show the student that some formulas and equations can be designed so that your solution is revealed.
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O ensino de geometria por meio de construções geométricasPimentel, Jailson 23 August 2013 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2013-08-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O objetivo deste trabalho consiste em desenvolver uma alternativa metodológica para o ensino de Geometria a partir do nono ano do ensino fundamental, com o propósito de despertar no aluno motivação por meio de mecanismos dinamizadores do pensamento lógico dedutivo. Neste sentido, será considerado relevante o ensino de Geometria baseado em construções geométricas com régua e compasso, já que os livros didáticos, em geral, abandonaram esse método de ensino de Geometria no nono ano. Enfocaremos também algumas construções utilizando os recursos práticos do software GeoGebra. Este trabalho será composto e desenvolvido em duas etapas. A primeira será composta por um questionário, o qual contemplará uma revisão dos conteúdos considerados pré-requisitos para a segunda parte. A segunda será formada pelas construções geométricas com régua e compasso, objeto principal desse trabalho, além de construções utilizando os recursos práticos do software GeoGebra. Para isso, utilizaremos uma linguagem simples, detalhando passo a passo a construção de cada figura. Contudo, nos limitaremos a figuras planas. A proposta de continuidade do assunto contempla as construções através de planificações de uma figura em três dimensões. Em geral, a disciplina Desenho Geométrico não está contemplada na grade curricular das escolas públicas. Com isso, os alunos, principalmente do ensino fundamental, acreditam que o compasso serve apenas para traçar círculos, sendo que ele também pode ser utilizado como um instrumento de medida. Espera-se que este trabalho não só contribua para um entendimento teórico como também na melhoria das práticas pedagógicas nas aulas de Geometria, visto que os conteúdos e metodologias usadas aqui são destinados principalmente para auxílio dos professores de Matemática da educação básica / The purpose of this work is to develop an alternative methodology for teaching Geometry beginning in ninth grade level, with the purpose of awakening in student motivation through mechanisms that enhance deductive logical thinking. In this sense, geometry teaching based on geometric constructions with ruler and compass will be considered relevant, as textbooks generally abandoned this geometry teaching method in ninth grade. We will also focus some elaborations using the resources of practical software Geogebra. This work will be made and developed in two stages. The first one will consist of a questionnaire, which will include a review of the contents considered prerequisites for the second part. The second and main stage of this work is formed by geometric constructions with ruler and compass, and then elaborations using the practical features of the software Geogebra. For this, we will use a simple language, detailing step by step the construction of each geometric picture. However, we will limit ourselves to plane figures. The continuity proposal of the subject reaches the constructions through flat pattern of a picture in three dimensions. In general, the discipline Geometric Drawing is not present in the public schools curriculum. Thus, students, particularly the ones from elementary school, believe that the measure serves only to draw circles, and it can also be used as a measuring instrument. It is hoped that this work will not only contribute to an understanding of theoretical as well as the improvement of teaching practices in geometry classes, since the contents and methodologies used here are intended, primarily, to help mathematics teachers of basic education
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Rozšířená realita pro platformu Android / Augmented Reality for Android PlatformNohejl, Petr January 2011 (has links)
This thesis describes design and implementation of augmented reality system for Android platform using location sensors. The application serves as a navigation and displays geographical points of interest. Thesis deals with augmented reality on mobile devices, describes design of own framework and mentions the details about implementation of selected problems. Finally, the results are evaluated.
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Studium azimutálních asymetrií v processu Drell-Yan na zařízení COMPASS. / Study of azimuthal asymmetries in COMPASS Drell-Yan dataPešková, Markéta January 2017 (has links)
Title: Study of azimuthal asymmetries in COMPASS Drell-Yan data Author: Bc. Markéta Pešková Department / Institute: Department of Low Temperature Physics Supervisor of the master thesis: M.Sc. Michael Finger, CSc. Abstract: Drell-Yan (DY) process, i.e. a lepton pair production in hadron-hadron interaction, is one of the unique tools to study structure of hadrons. In this thesis we present its theoretical background and its link to description of the nucleon spin structure. The corresponding formalism of the Parton Distribution Functions (PDF) and the Transverse Momentum Dependent Parton Distribution Functions (TMD PDF) is explained in some detail. The fundamental theoretical prediction of a sign change of the T-odd TMDs in the DY and Semi- inclusive DIS (SIDIS) is described. In the following a concise description of the COMPASS apparatus is given with the emphasis on the setup modification needed and implemented for the Drell-Yan measurement performed in 2014 and 2015 with 190 GeV/c2 beam of negative pions and the proton target (polarised in 2015). In the final chapter we present our independent analysis of the DY data taken in 2015. Three azimuthal asymmetries giving access to the different TMD PDF were extracted using the dimuon events from a mass region of 4.3 to 8.5 GeV/c2 . Our results are in agreement...
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Studium spinové struktury nukleonu s pomocí procesu Drell-Yan v experimentu Compass / Nucleon spin structure studies in Drell-Yan process at CompassMatoušek, Jan January 2018 (has links)
Jointly-supervised doctoral thesis Title: Nucleon spin structure studies in Drell-Yan process at COMPASS Author: Jan Matoušek Department I: Department of Low Temperature Physics, Faculty of Mathem- atics and Physics, Charles University Department II: Department of Physics, University of Trieste Supervisor I: prof. Miroslav Finger (Department I) Supervisor II: prof. Anna Martin (Department II) Abstract: The nucleon structure is presently described by Transverse Momentum Depend- ent (TMD) Parton Distribution Functions (PDFs), which generalise the collinear PDFs, adding partonic spin and transverse momentum degrees of freedom. The recent HERMES and COMPASS data on hadron production in deep inelastic scattering (SIDIS) of leptons off transversely polarised nucleons have provided a decisive validation of this framework. Nevertheless, the TMD PDFs should be studied in complementary reactions, like pp hard scattering and Drell-Yan pro- cesses. In particular the Sivers TMD PDF, which encodes the correlation between the nucleon transverse spin and quark transverse momentum and appears in the Sivers Transverse Spin Asymmetry (TSA), is expected to have opposite sign in Drell-Yan and SIDIS. In 2015 COMPASS measured for the first time the Drell- Yan process on a transversely polarised target π− p↑ → µ− µ+ X to test...
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Studium sondových diagnostik okrajového plazmatu v tokamaku pomocí počítačových simulací / Study of probe diagnostics of tokamak edge plasma via computer simulationPodolník, Aleš January 2019 (has links)
The aim of the thesis is to examine plasma-wall interaction using computer modeling. Tokamak- relevant plasma conditions are simulated using the particle-in-cell model family SPICE working in three or two dimensions. SPICE model was upgraded with a parallel Poisson equation solver and a heat equation solver module. Plasma simulation aimed at synthetic Langmuir probe measurements were performed. First set considered a flush-mounted probe and the effect of variable magnetic field angle was studied with aim to compare existing probe data evaluation techniques and assess their operational space, in which the plasma parameters estimation via fit to the current-voltage characteristic is accurate. Second simulation set studied a protruding probe pin. Effective collecting area of such probe was investigated with intentions of density measurement collection. This area was found to be influenced by a combination of two factors. First, the density dampening inside the magnetic pre-sheath of the probe head, and the second, the extension of the area caused by Larmor rotation. A comparison with experimental results obtained at COMPASS tokamak was was performed, confirming these results. Keywords Langmuir probe, simulation, particle-in-cell, tokamak, Poisson equation, COMPASS 1
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Direction estimation using visual odometry / Uppskattning av riktning med visuell odometriMasson, Clément January 2015 (has links)
This Master thesis tackles the problem of measuring objects’ directions from a motionlessobservation point. A new method based on a single rotating camera requiring the knowledge ofonly two (or more) landmarks’ direction is proposed. In a first phase, multi-view geometry isused to estimate camera rotations and key elements’ direction from a set of overlapping images.Then in a second phase, the direction of any object can be estimated by resectioning the cameraassociated to a picture showing this object. A detailed description of the algorithmic chain isgiven, along with test results on both synthetic data and real images taken with an infraredcamera. / Detta masterarbete behandlar problemet med att mäta objekts riktningar från en fastobservationspunkt. En ny metod föreslås, baserad på en enda roterande kamera som kräverendast två (eller flera) landmärkens riktningar. I en första fas används multiperspektivgeometri,för att uppskatta kamerarotationer och nyckelelements riktningar utifrån en uppsättningöverlappande bilder. I en andra fas kan sedan riktningen hos vilket objekt som helst uppskattasgenom att kameran, associerad till en bild visande detta objekt, omsektioneras. En detaljeradbeskrivning av den algoritmiska kedjan ges, tillsammans med testresultat av både syntetisk dataoch verkliga bilder tagen med en infraröd kamera.
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HISTONE POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS AND GENE EXPRESSION IN SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAEShukla, Abhijit 01 December 2009 (has links) (PDF)
Covalent modifications of histones play a critical role in many important biological processes such as transcription, DNA repair and recombination. Among the major modifications known so far, histone H3 acetylation at lysines 9 and 14 (H3K9/14), monoubiquitination of histone H2B at lysine123 (H2BK123) and H3 lysine 4 methylation (H3K4) are among the more studied ones. The importances of these modifications have been further stressed by its connection to various human diseases including cancers. Previous biochemical studies have shown that H2BK123 ubiquitination is mandatory for methylation at histone H3K4. However, little is known about the regulatory mechanisms of H3K4 methylation by H2B ubiquitination in vivo. Thus, the prime focus of this study is to understand the factors involved in the regulation of H2B ubiquitination, the regulatory mechanisms of the cross-talk between H2BK123 ubiquitination and H3K4 methylation and the role of these covalent modifications in transcriptional regulation under physiological conditions. Here in this study, I have shown that Ubp8p, a histone deubiquitinase, is a bona fide subunit of SAGA (Spt3-Ada-Gcn5 acetyltransferase) co-activator complex and selectively regulates both di and trimethylation of histone H3K4 at the core promoter of a SAGA-dependent gene in vivo. However, over the open reading frames for a subset of constitutive genes H2B ubiquitination selectively upregulates only H3K4 trimethylation but not dimethylation. Moreover, such an upregulation of H3K4 trimethylation has no impact on the RNA Polymerase II (RNAPII) recruitment and hence transcription of the respective genes. Interestingly, at an inducible gene, histone H2B ubiquitination promotes transcription elongation independently of H3K4 methylation. Furthermore, this study also demonstrates for the first time, the molecular mechanism for the cross-talk between H2B ubiquitination and H3K4 methylation in vivo. Evidently a COMPASS subunit, Cps35p, is necessary for the trans-tail cross talk between histones H2B and H3. Finally, this study also shows that Sgf73p, a SAGA subunit, is required for SAGA recruitment at the promoters of several SAGA dependent genes and facilitates transcription in both HAT-dependent and HAT-independent manner. Collectively, the results from this study not only provide deep insights into the regulatory mechanisms of H2B ubiquitination and H3K4 methylation (and their role in transcription) but also give a new functional dimension to SAGA subunit, Sgf73p, under physiological conditions. Given the role of histone acetylation, ubiquitination and methylation in many human diseases, the results from this study is of tremendous clinical value unveiling new therapeutical targets.
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Värdegrunden i praktiken – LärarupplevelserMcMinn, Cheryl January 2012 (has links)
The purpose of this thesis is to carry out a qualitative study of the perceptions of language teachers as to their role in the teaching of values and morals to pupils. Five language teachers have been interviewed about their perceptions of how values are taught and their role therein. The interviews serve to investigate the reality of teaching values to pupils in a Swedish secondary school and the work involved in this on-going process, this being with a view to having a better understanding of just how important a role the teaching of values plays in the daily working life of a teacher. Terms such as fundamental values and morals can be difficult to define as they are highly personal and can differ from person to person depending on one’s background, experiences and family circumstances, for example. The main values that are referred to in this piece of work are the fundamental democratic values and human rights as outlined in the national curriculum for Swedish secondary education (GY 11). It is insufficient for pupils to leave high school with a high academic aptitude and subject knowledge without having been guided by the school with regards to basic human values thus allowing them to develop into democratic citizens. Similarly, parents also have an important role to play when it comes to instilling their children with democratic values. Adolescents are highly influenced by the actions and opinions of adults in their immediate surroundings, therefore it is imperative that schools actively take a stand against and work to prevent all forms of discrimination, prejudice and negative attitudes that go against the school’s fundamental values. The results show that all teachers who have been interviewed are in agreement that teaching core values is a fundamental part of their teaching role. However, although they are aware of the National Curriculum´s guidelines regarding the teaching of values it is not a document to which they would often refer in their daily teaching role. Instead, they allow their own moral compass to guide them in how best to work with moral issues. Most of the teachers agree that it is important for teaching staff to have a unified view on how best to work with core values However, one teacher highlighted the danger of a combined ideology based solely on state doctrine and stressed that freedom of speech should still be respected. The teachers have expressed a wish to have more discussion, lectures and training about how to actively work with ethics and morals in the classroom. This is due to the fact that they are still unsure as to how to implement practical exercises involving core values into their lesson plans. They did, however, mention the importance of working with carefully selected literature, texts and films, for example, in order to put these moral issues into focus.
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