Intensive care units in South Africa have been faced with various challenges which in turn affect the working condition of critical care nurses, thus leading to poor productivity. Nurses in the work environment blame this poor work quality of nursing to the way critical care nurses are trained and assessed in nursing schools. There is general concern that graduate nursing students lack the knowledge and skills necessary to equip them to work in intensive units. Objectives: To measure the perceptions of critical care nursing students as well qualified critical care nurses on the use of OSCE as a valid and reliable tool to assess clinical competence in critical care nursing students. Methods: A quantitative approach and descriptive survey was administered to critical care nursing students and qualified critical care nurses who had participated in OSCE examination. The intensive care departments of two provincial (states) hospitals and (provincial) nursing college that trained critical care nurses were used. Results: The findings revealed that OSCE was still overwhelmingly accepted as a relevant tool for assessing clinical competencies in Critical Care courses by both students and staff. It was also clear that the students did not believe that all the competencies required in the ICU environment can be assessed using the OSCE method. Discussion: Critical care nursing educators are facing a challenge to develop more comprehensive method for assessing clinical skills in critical care students nurses since OSCE x examination cannot assess all the skills that are necessary in intensive care environment. In order for effective learning to take place during assessment, it is extremely important for nurse educators to give formative feedback in OSCE. / M.N. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 2012.

"Memoire en recherche-action" Réalise en cotutelle avec le Directrice Mme. Durand Micheline- Joanne et Mme. Lira María Lourdes. Les table qui contenu en mon document on été réalisés avec le logiciel Qda Miner. "Memoire en recherche-action" Conducted jointly with the Director Durand Micheline-Joanne and Lira María Lourdes. The charts in my document were made with the software Qda Miner. "Memoria en Investigación-Acción". Realizadas con la direccion de la Dra. Durand Micheline-Joanne y la Dra. Lira María Lourdes. Las tablas que constan en mi documento se realiaron con el programa Qda Miner.

[pt] A pesquisa situa-se no contexto nacional da educação superior em design. Refere-se às formas de representação visual a partir de indagações de Elliot Eisner. Consta de uma série de estudos qualitativos aplicados entre 2011 e 2016 em sala de aula da licenciatura em design gráfico da Universidade Iberoamericana da Cidade do México. Utiliza procedimentos de observação participativa do fenômeno ensino-aprendizagem. Alguns dos objetivos da pesquisa são: identificar as principais características que evidenciam o desenvolvimento de competências, habilidades e capacidades na representação visual através do desenho e do esboço. Os resultados obtidos contribuem para a avaliação de alunos no credenciamento das instituições educativas de nível superior. / [en] This research responds to the national context of higher education in the field of design with respect to the teaching and learning of forms of visual representation. It is based on Elliot Eisner s analytical approach. The thesis consists of a series of qualitative studies applied between 2011 and 2016 in the Universidad Iberoamericana s Bachelor of Graphic Design program, and in which the author engaged in the participant observation of the teaching-learning dynamic in drawing and sketching classes. The dissertation identifies the principal characteristics related to the development of competencies, skills and capacities in the visual representation of drawing and sketching. The evidence obtained is useful for the purposes of student evaluation and for the accreditation of institutions of higher education. / [es] La investigación responde al contexto nacional de la educación superior del diseño sobre las formas de representación visual y se basa en el enfoque de la indagación de Elliot Eisner. La tesis consta de una serie de estudios cualitativos aplicados entre 2011 y 2016 en la licenciatura de diseño gráfico de la Universidad Iberoamericana a través de la observación participativa del fenómeno enseñanzaaprendizaje del dibujo y el bocetaje. La investigación identifica las principales características que evidencian el desarrollo de competencias, habilidades y capacidades en la representación visual del dibujo y el bocetaje. Las evidencias obtenidas sirven para la evaluación de los alumnos y para la acreditación de las instituciones educativas a nivel superior.