Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a influência da laje de concreto armado em uma ligação viga-pilar misto mediante um estudo experimental e uma modelagem numérica. A ligação considerada é constituída por uma viga de aço unida a um pilar misto preenchido através de barras rosqueadas que trabalham como parafusos passantes. Esse tipo de ligação já foi investigado em trabalhos anteriores, mediante análise experimental em modelos que não incluíam a laje, resultando em uma indesejável ruptura dos parafusos. A análise da ligação completa, com a presença da laje de concreto tornando a ligação uma ligação mista, além de ser mais realista, melhora as características de resistência e rigidez do modelo, além de tornar mais dúctil o seu comportamento. Para isso foram analisados três modelos experimentais que se diferenciam pela ausência ou tipo de conector de cisalhamento presente na região interna do pilar misto. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que a ruptura da ligação passou a ser determinada pela laje, associada ao escoamento da armadura longitudinal sem que a ligação viga-pilar fosse comprometida. Para a análise numérica foi utilizado o pacote computacional DIANA®, baseado no método dos elementos finitos. Os modelos numéricos foram desenvolvidos e calibrados pelos resultados experimentais, produzindo resultados bastante satisfatórios. Finalmente foi realizada uma análise numérica paramétrica variando a armadura longitudinal da laje e a resistência do concreto com o objetivo de se entender melhor a influência desses parâmetros no comportamento da ligação investigada. / The main objective of this work was to analyze the contribution of the concrete slab for the behavior of a steel beam-concrete filled composite column connection through an experimental program and also a numerical modeling. The considered connection was constituted of steel beams connected to a concrete filled tubular column of rectangular cross section by means of passing bars. This type of connection was studied before through an experimental analysis of connections that did not include the slab, resulting in failure of the passing bars. In the present study, the presence of the slab is considered, turning the connection a composite one. The studied model is more representative of the real structure, and also improves the resistance and the stiffness of the connection, turning the behavior more ductile. Three specimens were tested, where the studied variable was the type of shear connector, angles or stud-bolts, and one specimen without connectors as a reference. The obtained results showed that the failure was determined by the slab, associated to the yielding of the longitudinal reinforcement, without affecting the beam column connection. The finite element based software DIANA® was used to the numerical analysis. The numerical models were developed and calibrated by the experimental results, producing a good agreement. Finally, a parametric analysis was done, varying the slab longitudinal reinforcement and the concrete strength in order to better understand the influence of these parameters in the behavior of the studied connection.

Neste trabalho estudou-se o comportamento dos chumbadores grauteados, usados em ligações viga-pilar parcialmente resistentes a momento fletor. O foco da pesquisa foi a análise teórica e experimental do mecanismo resistente do chumbador inclinado. O programa experimental englobou 15 modelos, sendo que as variáveis analisados foram: a) diâmetros dos chumbadores, de 16 mm, 20 mm e 25 mm; b) inclinações dos chumbadores, de 0º (chumbador normal à interface), 45º e 60º; c) resistência à compressão do concreto adjacente ao chumbador, sendo usado concreto das classes C35 e C50; d) aplicação de força de compressão normal à interface. Os resultados experimentais indicaram aumentos significativos tanto na capacidade última quanto na rigidez a cisalhamento do chumbador. Foram realizadas simulações numéricas, onde foi verificada a sensibilidade dos resultados aos parâmetros inerentes à interface concreto - almofada de apoio, sendo desenvolvidas expressões para estimar tais parâmetros. Com base na análise experimental e em análises numéricas, foram propostos modelos analíticos que conseguiram representar de forma satisfatória a influência da inclinação e demais parâmetros analisados no mecanismo resistente do chumbador. / This research deals with the behavior of grouted dowels, used in partial moment resistant beam-to-column connections. The focus of the research was the theoretical and experimental analysis of dowels resistant mechanism. The experimental program include 15 models, and its variables analyzed were: a) the dowel diameter of 16 mm, 20 mm and 25 mm; b) the dowel inclination of 0° (dowels perpendicular to the interface), 45° and 60°; c) compressive strength of concrete adjacent to the dowels of classes C35 and C50, d) application of compression load, normal to the interface. Experimental results indicated significant increases in ultimate capacity and the shear stiffness of the dowels. Numerical simulations were carried out which identified the sensitivity of results to the parameters of the interface concrete bearing pad, and developed expressions to estimate such parameters are given. Based on experimental and numerical analysis analytical models have been proposed that could adequately represent the influence of inclination and other parameters in the mechanism resistant dowels.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-01-12T12:36:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Agatha Arianne de Assis Justino.pdf: 1446273 bytes, checksum: 07502df55adb3d6a1962de8363b10579 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-12T12:36:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Agatha Arianne de Assis Justino.pdf: 1446273 bytes, checksum: 07502df55adb3d6a1962de8363b10579 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-12 / This research project analyzes the television show Manhattan Connection, currently shown on the cable channel, Globo News. The format of the program it’s centered on the debates between presenters Lucas Mendes, Caio Blinder, Diogo Mainardi, Ricardo Amorim and Pedro Andrade. Their discussions are mainly about the North American and Brazilian news. We work with the hypothesis that the crisis triggered by the September 11, episode would have repercussions on the self-perception of the American nation, reducing their male ideals, understood as imaginary attributes of the dominating hero. Inseparably from this first hypothesis, we suppose that this reduction would be seen in the fall of the quality of the debates, which tends to the dialogue of the deaf, and in the irony of the debaters about themselves. The research corpus covers programs from 1993 to 2014. The selection prioritized the debates regarding critical moments in the recent history of the United States, such as the attack on the World Trade Center, the economic crisis of 2008 and the lawsuits they chose Barack Obama President. At first, the survey offers a panorama of the Brazilian media and television culture, exploring the history of the vehicle and, especially, how manly Americanism has established itself as the basis for programs like Manhattan Connection. The theoretical basis of this project turns to an analysis of the television language, with the support of scholars like Eugênio Bucci, Muniz Sodré, Artlindo Machado and Maria Rita Kehl. The research also involves readings on the representation of virility and the values of the virile hero, in this case Pierre Bordieu, Elisabeth Badinter and Socrates Nolasco. Recent studies on American history and sociology are also explored, especially those proposed by Slavoj Zizek and Noam Chomsky. The project is relevant due to the lack of work on the program, although it has remained in the air since 1993 and to propose a Brazilian view of North American life, based on the daily and direct experience of the country by most of its journalists / O presente projeto de pesquisa visa a analisar o programa de televisão Manhattan Connection, exibido atualmente pelo canal Globo News. O formato do programa privilegia o debate e traz os apresentadores Lucas Mendes, Caio Blinder, Diogo Mainardi, Ricardo Amorim e Pedro Andrade discutindo os principais assuntos dos noticiários norte-americanos e brasileiros. Trabalhamos com a hipótese de que a crise deflagrada pelo episódio do 11 de Setembro teria repercussão sobre a autopercepção da nação norte-americana, abatendo-lhe os ideais “viris”, entendidos como atributos imaginários do herói dominador. Inseparavelmente da primeira hipótese, supomos ainda que esse abatimento se deixaria ver na queda da qualidade dos debates, que tende ao diálogo de surdos, e na autoironia dos debatedores. O corpus da pesquisa abrange nove programas exibidos entre 1993 e 2014. A seleção priorizou os debates referentes a momentos críticos da história recente dos Estados Unidos, como o atentado ao World Trade Center, a crise econômica de 2008 e os pleitos que elegeram Barack Obama presidente. Em um primeiro momento, a pesquisa oferece um panorama da mídia e cultura televisiva no Brasil, explorando a história do veículo e, principalmente, como o americanismo viril se estabeleceu como base para programas como Manhattan Connection. A base teórica deste projeto se volta a uma análise da linguagem televisiva, com o apoio de estudiosos como Eugênio Bucci, Muniz Sodré, Artlindo Machado e Maria Rita Kehl. A pesquisa envolve ainda leituras sobre a representação da virilidade e dos valores do herói viril, neste caso com Pierre Bordieu, Elisabeth Badinter e Sócrates Nolasco. Também são explorados estudos recentes sobre a história e a sociologia americana, especialmente aqueles propostos por Slavoj Žižek e Noam Chomsky. O projeto é relevante pela inexistência de trabalhos sobre o programa, apesar de se manter no ar desde 1993 e de propor uma visão brasileira da vida norte-americana, a partir da experiência direta e cotidiana do país pela maioria de seus jornalistas

Dans cette thèse, on définit un invariant fonctoriel d'enchevêtrements dans le tore épaissi qui généralise l'intégrale de Kontsevich. Cet invariant est tout d'abord construit analytiquement à partir d'une version universelle de la connexion de Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov-Bernard elliptique. On donne ensuite une version combinatoire de sa construction, basée sur la notion d' « associateur elliptique » introduite par Enriquez. L'outil principal de cette dernière construction est un théorème qui caractérise la catégorie des enchevêtrements en genre quelconque par une propriété universelle exprimée dans le langage des catégories tensorielles. / We construct a functorial invariant of tangles embedded in the thickened torus. This invariant generalizes the Kontsevich integral, and can be analytically derivated from a universal version of the elliptic Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov-Bernard equation. The main part of the thesis is devoted to the combinatorial version of its construction, using the notion of « elliptic associator » introduced by Enriquez. A key ingredient is a universal property satisfied by the category of framed tangles in the torus. This universal property is established in the language of monoidal categories, and extends Reshetikhin-Turaev-Shum's coherence theorem to the case of framed tangles in any closed genus g surface.

[pt] O estudo das ficções (literárias), no marco dos sistemas midiáticos e da mediação digital e suas conexões com o processo de produção e sistematização do conhecimento, em modelos de realidade aponta a presença da ficcionalidade como fenômeno constitutivo de todos os segmentos da vida social e não apenas com o objeto sob jurisdição exclusiva da literatura. O estatuto das ficções literárias em interseção com a proliferação de ficções não literárias e a virulênncia das transformações tecno-cientí­ficas, das práticas sociais, estatisticas e culturais tensionam tanto o entendimento das formas de ficção quanto as noções de realidade, sugerindo uma aliança interdisciplinar entre literatura e cultura como possibilidade de compreensão dos conteúdos semânticos que abastecem e organizam repertórios compartilhados em sociedade. / [en] With the development of digital and media systems and their connection with the process of production and systematization of knowledge, the study of (literary) fictions in models of reality points to fictionality as a phenomenon present in the makeup of every segment of social life, rather as an object restricted to literature. The status of literary fictions in their relation with nonliterary fictions, together with radical changes taking place in technology and science and in social and aesthetic practices, has challenged our understanding not only of fictional forms but also of our notions of reality, suggesting an interdisciplinary link between culture and literature as a possibility of understanding the semantic contents organizing the repertoires shared by contemporary society.

Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de uma técnica de incremento da resistência e da rigidez à flexão de ligações de elementos de concreto pré-moldado, com aplicação de laminados de polímero reforçado com fibra de carbono (PRFC). O procedimento adotado consiste na colagem dos laminados de PRFC em entalhes no concreto de cobrimento, de acordo com a técnica conhecida como \"near-surface mounted\" (NSM), de modo a incorporar à ligação novos elementos resistentes à tração. Para solidarizar a ligação e possibilitar a transferência de esforços de compressão entre os elementos de concreto existentes, preenchem-se os espaços vazios (grauteamento) com argamassa fluida à base de cimento Portland. Foram desenvolvidos modelos em escala reduzida, com o intuito de representar os mecanismos resistentes de uma ligação viga-pilar composta por encaixe de dente Gerber e consolo, com uso de chumbador, almofada de apoio e graute. Esse tipo de ligação é muito utilizado na construção de galpões e tem, na sua concepção original, comportamento essencialmente de articulação. Em uma etapa preliminar, realizaram-se ensaios para a caracterização da aderência segundo a configuração de reforço proposta. Os resultados dessa análise subsidiaram a fixação do comprimento de laminado a ancorar e a escolha do tipo de resina a empregar para colagem do reforço. Os modelos representativos da técnica de reforço proposta foram preparados, cada um deles, pela montagem de um elemento de pilar-consolo com elementos de viga nos respectivos chumbadores e almofadas. Foram também preparados modelos de referência para o estudo da influência da almofada de apoio e do grauteamento no comportamento resistente e da deformabilidade da ligação. Nesses modelos, as juntas eram perfeitamente conjugadas, isto é, os trechos de viga foram concretados com um elemento pré-moldado de pilar-consolo posicionado dentro da fôrma, sem disposição de almofadas. Todos os modelos de ligação foram reforçados e submetidos a ensaios estáticos. Esses ensaios consistiram na aplicação de carregamento cíclico alternado de curta duração, solicitando-se os modelos a momento fletor positivo ou negativo. Este trabalho também apresenta procedimento executivo de ensaios dinâmicos para avaliação da rigidez dos modelos de ligação em três condições: modelo íntegro reforçado, modelo reforçado fissurado (após aplicação de carregamento de aproximadamente 30% do carregamento de ruptura da ligação, em ensaio estático) e modelo reforçado rompido. Com o reforço, a ligação apresentou comportamento semi-rígido e adquiriu resistência à flexão compatível à de estrutura monolítica armada com barras de PRF. / This work presents the development of a technique for flexural strengthening and stiffness increasing of precast beam-to-column connections by the embedding of FRP strips into grooves made on the concrete cover. According to this technique, the tension in the connection is transferred by the Near-Surface Mounted (NSM) FRP strips. To allow the transference of compression efforts among the concrete elements, the empty spaces are filled out with grout. Small-scale specimens were developed to represent the resistant mechanisms of pined beam-to-column connection composed by elastomeric cushion and dowels. Preliminary experimental tests on bond behavior of NSM strips were carried out. The results analysis conducted the decision about the adhesive type and bond length to be employed in the beam-to-column connection specimens. Each specimen was made of the assembly of a column section connected to beam sections through their respective dowels and cushions. The connection specimens were reinforced by embedding CFRP strips in the lateral concrete cover and filling out the spaces between beams and column. In addition, control specimens were prepared to study the influence of the cushion and grout in the connection performance. In those models, the joints were conjugated perfectly, which means that the beam sections were laid inside the wooden forms and cast together with a precast column section with no cushions between them. Experimental static and dynamic tests were done. The tests results show that strengthened connection exhibits semi-rigid behavior and acquires flexural strength compatible to monolithic structure reinforced with FRP bars.

People relate with one another in space and through imagined and technologically mediated networks. This thesis is concerned with the relationship between these two types of social connections – spatial and network. Spatial connections structure collectives of people in the same place at the same time. Network connections structure relations between people without regard to place or time. Spatial connections are complex, but rigid by nature, while network connections are simple, but flexible. Essential articulations emerge between these two connection types. These articulations create and evolve contemporary socio-spatial systems such as the city, its many places, and groups of people therein. However, the basic human experience of these systems remains largely polarized between spatial and network social practices to the disadvantage of human agency. This thesis proposes a teleodynamic, socio-spatial interaction model for the articulation of these social practices in human agency architecture. The model is a mobile experience design that functions through people with ‘smart’ mobile devices. It connects them with one another in public place and to global information and communication networks simultaneously. Sociological study informs the model’s design – constraints and conditions for the connection extents and integrity of social interaction. The model supports self-organizing circular relationships between human interaction dynamics and their trace structures based on a methodology for emergence in complex systems. It effects the emergence of the aforementioned socio-spatial, human agency architecture, with great flexibility. The model and architecture together serve to better articulate contemporary spatial and network social practices to the benefit of human agency in urban space.

People relate with one another in space and through imagined and technologically mediated networks. This thesis is concerned with the relationship between these two types of social connections – spatial and network. Spatial connections structure collectives of people in the same place at the same time. Network connections structure relations between people without regard to place or time. Spatial connections are complex, but rigid by nature, while network connections are simple, but flexible. Essential articulations emerge between these two connection types. These articulations create and evolve contemporary socio-spatial systems such as the city, its many places, and groups of people therein. However, the basic human experience of these systems remains largely polarized between spatial and network social practices to the disadvantage of human agency. This thesis proposes a teleodynamic, socio-spatial interaction model for the articulation of these social practices in human agency architecture. The model is a mobile experience design that functions through people with ‘smart’ mobile devices. It connects them with one another in public place and to global information and communication networks simultaneously. Sociological study informs the model’s design – constraints and conditions for the connection extents and integrity of social interaction. The model supports self-organizing circular relationships between human interaction dynamics and their trace structures based on a methodology for emergence in complex systems. It effects the emergence of the aforementioned socio-spatial, human agency architecture, with great flexibility. The model and architecture together serve to better articulate contemporary spatial and network social practices to the benefit of human agency in urban space.

The difficulty in developing bolted connection designs lies in the limitations in existing methods to characterize their strength and typically nonlinear response due to the complex interaction of the bolts and structural components. Yet it is necessary for the engineer to be able to determine the three main connection response characteristics: stiffness, strength, and ductility to account for their influence on the overall structural response behavior. The need for better connection response characterization becomes even more crucial in a performance based design approach or when designing partially-restrained moment frames. Several welded moment resisting frame connections were found to have serious failures following the 1994 Northridge earthquake leading to more interest and research on bolted connections as an alternative. In this study a refined three dimensional nonlinear finite element modeling approach to accurately simulate the response of bolted connections is presented. Sensitivity studies of modeling parameters are also performed. A nonlinear response dataset of over 400 connection cases is generated using this approach with a parametric bolted angle connection model. The use of a parametric Richard-Abbott type function and a neural network, calibrated using the response dataset, as practical tool to model the nonlinear stiffness response of bolted connections under monotonic loading is demonstrated and assessed. Failure criteria that can be practically used in conjunction with the refined three dimensional finite element models without any additional modeling requirements are developed. The stress modified critical strain (SMCS) criterion based on the void growth and coalescence mechanism initiating ductile fracture in steel is used for determining failure in the connection member. The bolt failure criterion developed is a mechanics based model using the elliptical interaction of the tensile and shear capacity envelope. The failure criteria and bolted angle response dataset is combined to assess in detail the impact of geometry and topography of the bolted angle connections on the following response characteristics: strength, initial stiffness, plastic stiffness, and absolute ductility or the displacement capacity. Finally, using the dataset of bolted angle connection response, along with their capacities and failure modes determined using the developed failure criteria, the prying strength models in the AISC LRFD Specifications, Eurocode, and a hybrid model are assessed and found to be very conservative for some cases. Based on these results a modified Eurocode and hybrid prying strength model is proposed which greatly improves the prying strength prediction. These prying models are assessed and verified using experimental data found in literature.

In this work is analysed the tangent bundle geometry order 3. Those bundles are defined like 3 - jet space. Co - ordinates transformation formulas of those bundles are received, how the object of linear connection inducted affine connections is demonstrated. In this work the theorem how the object of linear connection of tangent bundle inducted linear connection of tangent bundle order 3 is proved.