Esta dissertação, que tem como objeto o processo de criação do espetáculo teatral Miopia, investiga as tensas relações entre forma teatral, abordada em suas diversas e contraditórias dramaturgias, e o tecido histórico. Procuramos reler tal experiência estética questionando se é possível enxergar nas cicatrizes, limitações e contradições do espetáculo teatral e do seu processo de criação índices da realidade histórica, caracterizada pelo estágio tardio do sistema capitalista de produção. Para conceituar esta experiência artística, que representou algumas possibilidades de suspensão dialética (sacrifício, aniquilamento, conservação e superação) dos pressupostos do teatro épico sistematizados por Bertolt Brecht, criamos o conceito de labirinto. Utilizamos este conceito porque categorizações geralmente utilizadas na descrição do teatro contemporâneo, como a de teatro pós-dramático, também não se ajustavam ao objeto, já que este levantava questões ligadas à tentativa de configurar características próprias da formação social brasileira. Esta forma do labirinto é caracterizada em Miopia por uma utilização sistemática da alegoria de difícil decifração, entendida aqui em sua aproximação da ruína, do enigma e da incompletude. Apresentada em uma Usina de Compostagem de Lixo, a peça teve sua encenação construída por meio de detritos de formas e procedimentos teatrais tradicionais e a partir do lixo, expondo na própria cena o inacabamento de seu processo de criação. O fracasso das intenções iniciais presentes neste processo pôde ser revelado nesta dissertação como possibilidade de construção de sentido, em que a crise de compreensão em Miopia inseriu o público como criador e consumador do espetáculo teatral, dissolvendo o conceito de obra artística e substituindo-o pela ideia de um ensaio em perpétuo devir. / In this dissertation our object of study is the creative process of the theater performance Miopia. It investigates the tense relations between the theatrical forms, approached by its diverse and contradictory dramatic structures, and the historical weaving. We aim to review this aesthetical experience by questioning the possibility of finding indexes of the historical reality, characterized by the late capitalist production system, as we look into the scars, limitations and contradictions of the theater performance and its creative process. In order to conceptualize this artistic experience, that has presented some possibilities of \"dialectical suspension\" (sacrifice, annihilation, conservation and overcoming) from the Bertolt Brecht\'s epic theater presuppositions, we have come up with the concept of \"labyrinth\". We stick to this concept because the categorizations that are currently used to describe contemporary theater, as the \"postdramatic\" one, cannot fit in our object of study, as it has brought up questions that are connected to the attempt of configuring specific characteristics of the Brazilian social development. The labyrinth set-up is characterized in Miopia by a systematic use of the allegory of the hard deciphering, here understood by approaching the ideas of ruin, enigma and incompleteness. The performance took place in a Garbage Composting Plant, and the staging was set up from the debris of traditional theatrical forms and procedures and from garbage, exposing on stage the undone characteristic of its own creative process. The failure of the initial intentions of the process could be analyzed in this dissertation as a possibility of constructing meaning, in which the crises of understanding Miopia has brought the audience to the role of creator and consummator of the theatrical performance, dissolving the concept of \"work of art\" and replacing it by the idea of a \"perpetual becoming rehearsal\".

Com base na investigação prática \"INCUBADORA\", que ocorreu concomitantemente ao estudo teórico, esta dissertação tem o objetivo de confrontar teatro com games, usando como referência o jogo de simulação The Sims. O foco do experimento foi estudar a apropriação dos mecanismos de jogabilidade na dramaturgia, na encenação e na atuação. Esse procedimento se deu por meio de um software especialmente desenvolvido, que permitiu aos espectadores - usando seus próprios aparelhos celulares - interagir com o jogo cênico, o que foi denominado interfaceamento da cena. Esta proposta teve por objetivo perturbar o espaço do \"espectadorcontemplador\" e testar a possibilidade de um \"espectador-interator\". A fim de refletir a respeito do teatro no contexto cultural de mídias digitais, são propostos, então, os conceitos de \"drama gamificado\" e \"espetáculo-game\". / Based on the practice research \"INCUBADORA\", which occurred concomitantly with the theoretical study, this thesis aims to confront theater with games, using the simulation game The Sims as reference. The focus was to study the mechanisms of appropriation of gameplay by dramaturgy, staging and performance. This procedure was done through a specially developed software that allowed viewers to interact with the scenic game using their own mobile phones. This procedure was called interfacing scene. This proposal aimed to disrupt the space of \"spectator-beholder\" and test the possibility of a \"spectator-interactor\". In order to rethink the theater in the cultural context of digital media, it is proposed the concepts of \" gamificated drama\" and \"gamespetacle\".

Les auteurs de théâtre (ou les duos auteur/metteur en scène), sur lesquels porte notre étude, s’intéressent au réel dans sa pluralité, sans avoir d’image du monde : ils semblent avoir intégré « la fin du monde ». Leur écriture s’inscrit de plain-pied dans le monde « démondé » qui est le nôtre. Elle cherche à se situer au plus près de la profusion et de la dispersion, qui le caractérisent. Mais l’ambition de ces artistes n’est pas simplement de manifester la fin du monde. Ils sont dans l’après, dans l’urgence de sentir (ou de donner à sentir) à quoi elle peut ouvrir : à quelle vie vivable ? à quelle possibilité d’habiter le réel ? S’ils ont fait le deuil du monde comme tout-structure et d’une place revenant à l’homme au sein d’une telle ordonnance, ils n’ont pas fait le deuil, en revanche, de la possibilité de (re)faire monde. Leur geste semble sous-tendu par la nécessité d’ouvrir à un tel recommencement.Au sein du corpus étudié, la thèse repère trois veines théâtrales, ouvrant à trois types de praxis du monde : premièrement, un théâtre de l’approbation du réel (celui de Philippe Dorin et Michel Froehly) ; deuxièmement, des théâtres de la réeffectuation du réel (ceux de Pascal Rambert et d’Olivier Cadiot et Ludovic Lagarde) ; enfin, troisièmement, des théâtres ouvrant, ne serait-ce qu’un temps, à la possibilité d’une « conversion » de monde (ceux de Joël Pommerat, Jan Lauwers et Nature Theater of Oklahoma). Elle s’intéresse aux formes que ces théâtres inventent pour représenter ou mettre en oeuvre ces recommencements, et ce faisant, redonner « croyance au monde ». Car l’enjeu, majoritairement, semble bien être d’inventer un théâtre de la « croyance au monde ». / Authors/directors (or author / director duets) analyzed in our study are interested in the real in its plurality, without having an image of the world: they seem to have integrated "the end of the world". Their writing is fully inscribed in our “deworlded”world. It seeks to be located as close as possible to the profusion and thedispersion which characterize it. But the ambition of these artists is not just to showthe end of the world. They deal with what comes after, in a hurry to feel (or to givethe feeling of) what this end can open to: to which life worth living? to whichpossibility to inhabit the real? If they have mourned the world as a whole-structureand a place for men in such an order, they have not mourned, however, thepossibility of (re)doing (the) world. Their gestures seem underpinned by the need toopen to such new beginnings.Within the corpus we have studied, this dissertation identifies three theatrical veins,opening to three types of praxes of the world: first, a theater of the approval of thereal (that of Philippe Dorin and Michel Froehly); second, theaters of the remakingof the real (those of Pascal Rambert, and of Olivier Cadiot and Ludovic Lagarde);third, theaters opening, if only one moment, to the possibility of a “conversion” ofthe world (those of Joël Pommerat, Jan Lauwers, and Nature Theater of Oklahoma).It analyzes the forms which these theaters invent to represent or implement thesenew beginnings, and in doing so restore a “belief in the world”. What is at stake, inmost cases, seems to be the invention of a theater of the “belief in the world”.

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L’histoire de la revue Les Cahiers de Prospero est intimement liée à la Chartreuse de Villeneuve lez Avignon et à la double naissance en 1991 du Centre National des Écritures du Spectacle et de la revue Prospero, son aînée. La recherche décrit et analyse les conditions et les enjeux politiques, patrimoniaux, culturels et éditoriaux qui ont construit leur avènement et dont les deux étapes principales sont la réhabilitation du monument en un centre culturel de rencontre à visée européenne et le Compte rendu d’Avignon, vaste enquête dirigée par Michel Vinaver au sein du Centre National des Lettres. L’étude se concentre sur le passage d’une revue institutionnelle et spécialisée (1991-1992) à une revue conçue uniquement par des auteurs de théâtre (1994-1996) qui se transforme en une « carte blanche » confiée à un seul auteur - concepteur par cahier (1999-2002). La recherche se resserre sur les périodes qui anticipent la création de Prospero et des Cahiers de Prospero, l’étude de leur contenu, et la période charnière qui modifie la ligne éditoriale et ouvre un espace de confrontations auctoriales, recentré autour de l’écriture théâtrale. Michel Azama, rédacteur en chef de la revue, en accord avec les dirigeants de la Chartreuse, rassemble un comité d’auteurs : Eugène Durif, Roland Fichet, Didier-Georges Gabily, Philippe Minyana, Jean-Marie Piemme et Noëlle Renaude pour réaliser Les Cahiers de Prospero. Plus qu’un objet littéraire, la revue Les Cahiers de Prospero donne à lire le portrait de l’auteur de théâtre à l’aube du XXIème siècle et contribue, par la richesse de son contenu et l’invitation d’un peintre auteur par cahier, à inventer un objet unique. / The history of the periodical Les Cahiers de Prospero is closely related to La Chartreuse of Villeneuve lez Avignon and to the birth, in 1991, of both the Centre National des Écritures du Spectacle (The National Playwriting Centre) and a former periodical named Prospero.This research describes and analyzes the conditions and the various contexts and issues (political, patrimonial, cultural and editorial) underlying the birth of Les Cahiers de Prospero, the two main steps being the rehabilitation of the monument into a cultural center with a European aim and the Compte rendu d’Avignon (Avignon’s Report), a wide study directed by Michel Vinaver within the Centre National des Lettres. The research will focus on the transformation of a specialised and institutionalised periodical (1991-1992), into a periodical conceived only by theater writers (1994-1996) then into a « carte blanche » given to a single author-designer for each publication (1999-2002).A modification of the editorial line allows the authors to find a space of communication and confrontation, centered around theater-writing issues. Michel Azama, editor-in-chief of the magazine, in agreement with the direction of the Chartreuse, gathers a commitee of authors: Eugène Durif, Roland Fichet, Didier-Georges Gabily, Philippe Minyana, Jean-Marie Piemme and Noëlle Renaude to realize Les Cahiers de Propero. More than a literary object, Les Cahiers de Propero offer a portrait of the theater writer at the dawn of the XXIst century. The richness of its contents and the collaboration of a guest painter author per issue turns it into a unique object.