Nas obras iniciais (A Luta Corporal, 1953 e O Vil Metal, 1960) de Ferreira Gullar, o tema da morte na poesia de Ferreira Gullar conflui para uma reflexão sobre a transitoriedade dos seres e objetos perante a inexorabilidade do tempo. Nos Poemas de Cordel (1962-1967) e Dentro da Noite Veloz (1975), o poeta, com vestígios de sua poesia engajada, dá voz, identidade e nome ao homem comum que vive na sociedade e conseqüentemente à morte deste homem considerado trivial pelo meio em que está inserido, remetendo-nos à maneira como o início do século XX é diagnosticado por Ariès (1977): o período em que a morte se esconde, e que ele denomina como sendo a morte invertida. Desde então a sociedade expulsa a morte dos cidadãos comuns, sobrando apenas reverências aos homens de Estado. Gullar também denuncia a falta de atenção e desvelo da sociedade para com o homem sem status social. Em sua contestação, o poeta imortaliza, nomeia e dá identidade ao cidadão anônimo, que passa a ter voz no poema. Para preservar-se de uma ameaça de aniquilação pessoal, Gullar concebe o Poema Sujo (1975), composto de memória, perda, elaboração do mundo perdido e amor à vida. A partir de então, o tema da morte passa a ser cada vez mais constante na poética de Gullar. Não somente com a ameaça da própria morte, mas com a perda concreta de amigos e familiares, essa passa a ser concebida em sua poesia, com maior intensidade e sensibilidade. Em um crescente, a morte toma forma Na Vertigem do Dia (1980) e Barulhos (1987), adquirindo maior vigor em Muitas Vozes (1999). Em Rainer Maria Rilke e a morte (2004), há um diálogo iminente entre a poética de Gullar e Rilke. Neste, a morte aparece como uma figura alegórica que está em toda a parte, seja no interior, seja no exterior do indivíduo, sempre conspirando para que o momento fatal se realize. Ela é um germe que nasce no coração do homem e que se desenvolverá no decorrer de sua existência, tomando-lhe o corpo. No tom apropriado e na medida correta, Gullar homenageia e dá voz aos conceitos rilkeanos, sem com isso ferir-se enquanto poeta. Sob o prisma conceitual do lírico alemão, concede vida singular e respeitável à suposta circunstância da morte concreta de Rilke. / In Ferreira Gullars first books (A Luta Corporal, 1953 and O Vil Metal, 1960), the issue of death converges in his poetry towards a reflection about the transitoriness of all beings and objects in view of time inexorability. In Poemas de Cordel (popular poems that first emerged in the Northeast region) (1962-1967) and Dentro da Noite Veloz (1975), the poet gives voice, identity and name to the ordinary man living in society, and consequently to this mans death, considered trivial by the environment where he is inserted. It brings the reader to the way which the beginning of the 20th. century is diagnosed by Ariès (1977): the period when death is hidden, that he calls the inverted death. Since then society evicts death images from ordinary citizens, and what is left are reverences to statesmen. Gullar also denounces societys lack of attention and zeal with regards to man with no social status. In his challenge, the poet confers immortal identity to the anonymous citizen, who takes an active voice in the poem. In order to get preserved from the threat of his personal annihilation, Gullar conceives Poema Sujo (Dirty Poem) (1975) consisting of memory, elaboration of the lost world and love for life. From then on, the subject matter of death has increasingly become more constant in Gullars poetics. Not only under the threat of his own death, but after the concrete loss of friends and family members, death started to be conceived more intensely and with more sensitivity in his poetry. Death increasingly takes shape in Na Vertigem do Dia (1980) and Barulhos (1987), and thus achieves more strength in Muitas Vozes (1999). In Rainer Maria Rilke e a morte (2004), an imminent dialogue between Gullars and Rilkes poetics is established. Death appears in this latters works as an allegoric figure which is everywhere, either inside or outside the individual, always conspiring for the fatal time to be accomplished. It is a germ which sprouts in mans heart and will grow throughout his existence, taking over his body. With an appropriate note and the right measure, Gullar pays homage and gives voice to the Rilkean concepts, without erasing his own style as a poet. Under the conceptual prism of the German lyricist, he gives singular and respectable life to Rilkes supposed death circumstance.

Ce travail met en relief une relecture du Baroque, en particulier du courant culterano, qui a eu lieu au Mexique au début du 20e siècle. La génération d'écrivains réunis autour de la revue Contemporaneos joue un rôle central dans un mouvement de fond de récupération du lien avec la tradition de la Nouvelle Espagne, dont notamment la figure centrale de Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz. Cette vision ample de l'histoire de la littérature du Mexique se centre plus précisément sur le rôle de deux poèmes, qui constituent des paradigmes des enjeux qu'un tel passage culturel implique, "Muerte sin fin" de José Gorostiza et "Primero Sueno" de Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz. / This work highlights the rediscovery of Gongora's Baroque that took place in Mexico at the beginning of the 20th century. The writers of the generation united around the literary revieuw Contemporaneos play a key role in a movement focused on rebuilding cultural ties to New Spain. A principal leader of this period was Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz. This broad overview of Mexico's literary history specifically focuses on the role of two poems - "Muerte sin fin", by José Gorostiza, and "Primero Sueno"by Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz - which constitute paradigms of the era's cultural shift.

The objective of the thesis is to enhance the role of poetry within the literacy education at grammar schools, which has been on the edge of teacher's and student's interest since a while. Following the existing binding rules of education the thesis is made to build up a positive attitude to poetry in students and targets to improve their knowledge and personal approach to this part of literature. While being focused on that its content struggles to extend their theoretical skills of literary interpretation as well as practical ones. Last but not least the thesis would like to avoid the stereotypes teachers keep about poetry and its application at school.

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This dissertation contains two parts: Part I, "Self-Elegy as Self-Creation Myth," which discusses the self-elegy, a subgenre of the contemporary American elegy; and Part II, For the Ruined Body, a collection of poems. Traditionally elegies are responses to death, but modern and contemporary self-elegies question the kinds of death, responding to metaphorical not literal deaths. One category of elegy is the self-elegy, which turns inward, focusing on loss rather than death, mourning aspects of the self that are left behind, forgotten, or aspects that never existed. Both prospective and retrospective, self-elegies allow the self to be reinvented in the face of loss; they mourn past versions of selves as transient representations of moments in time. Self-elegies pursue the knowledge that the selves we create are fleeting and flawed, like our bodies. However by acknowledging painful self-truths, speakers in self-elegies exert agency; they participate in their own creation myths, actively interpreting and incorporating experiences into their identity by performing dreamlike scenarios and sustaining an intimate, but self-critical, voice in order to: one, imagine an alternate self to create distance and investigate the evolution of self-identity, employing hindsight and self-criticism to offer advice; two, reinterpret the past and its role in creating and shaping identity, employing a tone of resignation towards the changing nature of the self. This self-awareness, not to be confused with self-acceptance, is often the only consolation found.

Diploma Thesis Abstract: Contemporary Czech Poetry and its Perceiver Charles University in Prague Faculty of Education Czech Language and Litterature Department Vendula Hoření The introduced diploma thesis deals with the topic of contemporary Czech poetry. Its typical form and content are desired to be found. By "contemporary" is meant the period in which the materials for its realisation were collected, i.e. between spring 2010 and spring of the 2011th. Emphasis is placed on the perceiver and the way in which he can meet with poetry today. The hypothesis that the result of research will be revelation that certain contents and forms are timeless, but others only current, was confirmed. As a new content were found topics as responses to the actual phenomenas of virtuality, ecology and consumer society. Among the new forms of contemporary Czech poetry were classified: the project Poems on the Underground, anthology The Best Czech Poetry, competition in author recitation Poetry Slam and singer-songwriter meeting Open mic as taken from foreign models and Physical poetry of Petr Váša and in a certain sense also poetic improvisation of Jakub Foll as original contemporary Czech poetry.

This creative thesis of poems explores the relationship between traveling literally and traveling metaphorically as the speaker grapples with the reality of her mother's Alzheimer's disease. In the process, she uncovers her own potentialities and limitations.

A presente dissertação tem como objetivo examinar alguns poemas que compõem a obra do escritor carioca Paulo Henriques Britto, a fim de que identifiquemos características que constituem sua poética. As análises irão recair sobre temáticas mais saliente de sua obra, como a questão do fazer poético, e as possibilidades de constituição de uma subjetividade. Acreditamos que observar cuidadosamente essa obsessão do autor por determinados temas nos ajudará a compreender características que constituem a lírica sua lírica. / The present dissertation aims at examining some poems that compose the work of the writer Paulo Henriques Britto, in order to identify characteristics that constitute his poetics. The analyzes will fall on the most salient themes of his work, such as the question of making poetic, and the possibilities of constitution of a subjectivity. We believe that carefully observing this author\'s obsession with certain themes will help us to understand the characteristics that constitute his lyric.

Kithaka wa Mberia (b.1956) is one of the most innovative Kenyan poets. Until now he has published four collections of poems and three plays. His poems contain a strong political and social criticism, sometimes in the form of animal allegories. He condemns various acts of violence done to women, like rapes of schoolgirls or prostitution caused by poverty. Some compositions seem life-stories of real persons, others are overtly didactic and moralizing, but in all the theme of social justice is almost obsessive. Another group of poems highlights the author’s concern with his surroundings and with the “health conditions” of the Earth in general; thus, for instance, he denounces the devastation of Kenyan soil in order to get foreign currency. His love of nature makes him address affectionate verses to animals, insects and plants. Formally the poems have little in common with the poetic tradition of the Swahili coast as they are in free verse. Kithaka exhibits a rich vocabulary of botanical and zoological terms and is fond of various forms of word-playing like chiming and punning; an important role in his poetry is played by parallelism. Moreover, he introduces into Kiswahili visual poems where typography is relied upon to perform expressive effects. Kithaka wa Mberia, together with other East African contemporary poets, proves that Swahili poetry is able to express universal themes and can reach a high artistic value even without repeating traditional models.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-08-23Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:34:51Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 codinhoto_djr_me_sjrp.pdf: 306018 bytes, checksum: d9328777870c242c01bb2d883e00703a (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / É proposto nesta dissertação o levantamento de alguns aspectos da obra poética do poeta contemporâneo Fabio Weintraub (composta por Sistema de erros, de 1996, Novo endereço, de 2004 e Baque, de 2007, com ênfase da pesquisa para este último), aspectos estes como a incorporação da voz e/ou a descrição narrativa de outro que não o eu – lírico em seus poemas (geralmente o excluído, o marginalizado pela sociedade, como o bêbado, a prostituta, o mendigo, a moradora de rua, o louco, o aleijado, o idoso, o doente), sob a perspectiva de dois conceitos elaborados pelo crítico literário e filósofo alemão Walter Benjamin (1989, 1994), a saber: “experiência” e “choque”. Assim, partindo da hipótese de que nos poemas de Weintraub (1996; 2004; 2007) o baque, ou melhor, o choque se estabelece como norma, procura-se sistematizar como se configura essa experiência do choque nos poemas / It is proposed in this study a survey of some aspects of contemporary poet Fabio Weintraub’s work, which is composed by Sistema de erros (1996), Novo endereço (2004) and Baque (2007), and this research is focused especially in the last one. The main investigated aspects were the voice incorporation and/or the description narrative of urban subjects, usually the metropolitan’s pariahs, in Weintraub’s poems, such the drunk, the prostitute, the beggar, the homeless, the demented, the handicap, the elders, the invalid. These aspects were investigated from the perspective of two concepts by the Germany’s philosopher Walter Benjamin (1985, 1989), “experience” (erfahrung) and “shock” (schock). Therefore, assuming that the Weintraub’s poems (1996; 2004; 2007) the shock (baque, in Portuguese, is a concept similar to shock) is established as the rule, this work aims at systematize the shock experience in his poems