University of Macau / Faculty of Arts and Humanities. / Department of English

Huang, Zeping. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2010. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 121-132). / Abstracts in English and Chinese; appendix two in English and Chinese. / Acknowledgements --- p.i / Abstract --- p.iii / Abstract (Chinese) --- p.v / Table Of Contents --- p.vi / List of Tables --- p.ix / List of Figures and Graphs --- p.x / Chapter CHAPTER ONE --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1. --- Motivation --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.2. --- The importance of language use in L2 writing --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.2. --- The possibilities of integrating corpora into L2 writing instruction --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.3. --- The need for corpus-informed approach --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2. --- Purpose of this study --- p.4 / Chapter 1.3. --- Research questions --- p.5 / Chapter 1.4. --- Overall research methods --- p.5 / Chapter 1.5. --- Significance of the study --- p.5 / Chapter 1.6. --- Organization of the thesis --- p.6 / Chapter CHAPTER TWO --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.8 / Chapter 2.1. --- "Research on corpora and L2 writing...," --- p.8 / Chapter 2.1.1. --- Studies on corpus use from teachers' perspective --- p.9 / Chapter 2.1.2. --- Studies on students' direct use of corpus --- p.10 / Chapter 2.1.3. --- Empirical Studies on corpus and vocabulary learning --- p.17 / Chapter 2.2. --- Evaluations of the studies under review --- p.19 / Chapter 2.2.1. --- Evaluation of research on corpus-informed teaching materials development --- p.19 / Chapter 2.2.2. --- Evaluations of empirical research on students' direct use of corpus --- p.21 / Chapter 2.3. --- Call for further studies --- p.22 / Chapter CHAPTER THREE --- METHODOLOGY --- p.24 / Chapter 3.1. --- Participants --- p.24 / Chapter 3.2. --- Research Setting --- p.25 / Chapter 3.3. --- Materials --- p.25 / Chapter 3.3.1. --- Corpora used --- p.26 / Chapter 3.3.2. --- Selecting the target words --- p.28 / Chapter 3.3.3. --- Sifting the concordance lines --- p.29 / Chapter 3.3.4. --- Formulating the queries --- p.30 / Chapter 3.4. --- Research design --- p.32 / Chapter 3.4.1. --- Pretest --- p.33 / Chapter 3.4.2. --- Immediate posttest --- p.33 / Chapter 3.4.3. --- Delayed posttest --- p.34 / Chapter 3.5. --- Procedures --- p.35 / Chapter 3.6. --- Instruments --- p.37 / Chapter 3.6.1. --- Questionnaires --- p.37 / Chapter 3.6.2. --- Learning journals --- p.38 / Chapter 3.6.3. --- Uptake sheets --- p.38 / Chapter 3.7. --- Data collection and analysis --- p.38 / Chapter 3.7.1. --- Holistic scoring --- p.39 / Chapter 3.7.2. --- Analysis of the use of target words --- p.40 / Chapter 3.7.3. --- Questionnaire responses --- p.42 / Chapter 3.8. --- Chapter summary --- p.43 / Chapter CHAPTER FOUR --- RESULTS --- p.44 / Chapter 4.1. --- Holistic scores --- p.44 / Chapter 4.2. --- Use of signaling nouns (SNs) --- p.46 / Chapter 4.2.1. --- Accuracy --- p.46 / Chapter 4.2.2. --- Complexity --- p.61 / Chapter 4.2.3. --- Retention of the target patterns --- p.73 / Chapter 4.3. --- Content Schemata nouns --- p.74 / Chapter 4.4. --- Evaluation of the concordance exercises --- p.75 / Chapter 4.4.1. --- Effects on vocabulary learning --- p.75 / Chapter 4.4.2. --- Effect on L2 writing --- p.78 / Chapter 4.4.3. --- Difficulties in doing the concordance exercises --- p.80 / Chapter 4.5. --- Chapter summary --- p.84 / Chapter CHAPTER FIVE --- DISCUSSION --- p.85 / Chapter 5.1. --- Did the corpus-informed approach improve students' overall writing quality? --- p.85 / Chapter 5.1.1. --- Cut-off sentences --- p.87 / Chapter 5.1.2. --- Culture-loaded information in concordance lines --- p.88 / Chapter 5.2. --- Did the corpus-informed approach improve vocabulary use in students' writing? --- p.90 / Chapter 5.2.1. --- Interface of lexis and syntax --- p.91 / Chapter 5.2.2. --- Encouraging usage-based learning --- p.95 / Chapter 5.2.3. --- Raising learner awareness of collocation and colligation --- p.97 / Chapter 5.2.4. --- Retention of lexico-grammatical patterns --- p.98 / Chapter 5.3. --- Did students think that corpus-informed approach helped their writing? --- p.100 / Chapter 5.4. --- Towards a tentative model of corpus-informed writing instruction --- p.102 / Chapter 5.4.1. --- Preparing Materials --- p.104 / Chapter 5.4.2. --- During the exploration of a topic-specific corpus --- p.105 / Chapter 5.4.3. --- Follow-up activities after exploration of the topic-specific corpus --- p.106 / Chapter 5.5. --- Chapter summary --- p.108 / Chapter CHAPTER SIX --- CONCLUSION --- p.109 / Chapter 6.1. --- Summary of this study --- p.109 / Chapter 6.1.1. --- Enhancement of lexico-grammatical patterns --- p.109 / Chapter 6.1.2. --- Enhanced awareness of the importance of collocations --- p.111 / Chapter 6.1.3. --- Pivotal role of prior grammatical knowledge in corpus-informed learning --- p.111 / Chapter 6.1.4. --- Insignificant correlation between learning CSNs and ideas development --- p.113 / Chapter 6.2. --- Pedagogical implications --- p.113 / Chapter 6.2.1. --- Writing materials development --- p.114 / Chapter 6.2.2. --- Implementation of corpus-informed activities --- p.115 / Chapter 6.3. --- Limitations and suggestions --- p.117 / Chapter 6.3.1. --- A longer experimental time frame --- p.117 / Chapter 6.3.2. --- More lexical input --- p.118 / Chapter 6.3.3. --- More comparison groups --- p.118 / Chapter 6.3.4. --- Different proficiency levels --- p.119 / Chapter 6.3.5. --- Web-based concordances and more follow-up learning activities --- p.119 / Chapter 6.3.6. --- Case studies --- p.120 / Chapter 6.4. --- Closing remarks --- p.120 / Bibliography --- p.121 / Appendix One Questionnaire One --- p.133 / Appendix Two Questionnaire Two --- p.136 / Appendix Three Learning Journal --- p.139 / Appendix Four Pre-writing Vocabulary Study --- p.140 / Appendix Five Pretest Writing Task --- p.153 / Appendix Six Immediate Posttest Writing Task --- p.154 / Appendix Seven Delayed Posttest Writing Task --- p.155

published_or_final_version / Linguistics / Master / Master of Arts

published_or_final_version / Linguistics / Master / Master of Arts

High failure rates in English as a second language at secondary school level have become a concern in the Namibian education sector. From 2005 until 2013, the overall performance of the grade 12 learners in English as a second language on Ordinary level in the Oshana region was unsatisfactory. In fact, only a minority (18.52 percent) of the grade 12 learners obtained a grading in the range of A to D in comparison to the majority (81.48 percent) of learners who obtained a grading of E to U. The poor performance was attributed to: poor sentence structure, syllabification and spelling (Directorate of National Examination and Assessment, 2007-2010). The causes of these low performance rates however, were not scientifically explored in this region. Therefore this study embarked on an investigation in order to identify the reasons behind the low performance rates of the grade 12 Oshiwambo speaking learners of English and to determine whether the impressionistic results from the Directorate’s report correlate with the present study’s findings. In order to understand the dynamic linguistic system of the learners, a contrastive analysis of Oshiwambo and English was done in order to investigate the potential origins of some of the errors. An error analysis approach was also used to identify, classify and interpret the non-standard forms produced by the learners in their written work. Based on the results obtained from this study, a more comprehensible assessment rubric was devised to help identify learners’ written errors. A group of 100 learners from five different schools in the Oshana region was asked to write an essay of 150 to 200 words in English. The essays were analysed using Corder’s (1967) conceptual framework which outlines the steps that a researcher uses when undertaking an error analysis study. The errors were categorised according to Keshavarz’s (2006) linguistic error taxonomy. Based on this taxonomy, the results revealed that learners largely made errors in the following categories: phonology/orthography, morpho-syntax, lexico-semantics, discourse and techniquepunctuation. The study concluded that these errors were most likely due to: first language interference, overgeneralisation, ignorance of rule restriction and carelessness. Other proposed probable causes were context of learning and lack of knowledge of English grammar. The study makes a significant contribution, in that the findings can be used as a guide for the Namibian Ministry of Education in improving the status quo at schools and informing the line Ministry on various methods of dealing with language difficulties faced by learners. The findings can also empower teachers to help learners with difficulties in English language learning, thereby enabling learners to improve their English language proficiency. The study has proposed methods of intervention in order to facilitate the teaching of English as a second language in the Oshana region. In addition, the study has devised an easily applied assessment rubric that will assist in identifying non-standard forms of language used by learners. The reason for designing a new rubric is because the rubric which is currently being used is believed to be subjective, inconsistent and lacks transparency. / Name in Graduation Programme as: Nghikembua, Anneli Ndapanda

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-09-26T10:04:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ulysses Camargo Corrêa Diegues.pdf: 1531825 bytes, checksum: 013effa494f4018a825471efea8d13a1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-26T10:04:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ulysses Camargo Corrêa Diegues.pdf: 1531825 bytes, checksum: 013effa494f4018a825471efea8d13a1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / In a scenario which more and more the process of selecting candidates for job becomes more demanding (JOSEPH, 2013), the study of job interviews in English is of great importance. However, it has been receiving little attention in language studies. The purpose of this research is to compare the English job interview register with the other English language registers along the five dimensions of variation identified by Biber (1988 et seq.) through Multidimensional Analysis (MDA). To do so, this research is based on Corpus Linguistics (CL) that deals with the collection and exploitation of corpora with the purpose of helping to research a language or part of it. (BERBER SARDINHA, 2000; 2004). The corpus of this study was the Job Interview Corpus (JIC), composed of 40 real job interviews conducted in Germany with native speakers from Australia, Ireland, the United Kingdom and the United States, totaling approximately 50,000 words. In order to enable MDA, the study corpus, JIC, was grammatically tagged with the Biber Tagger and later processed by the Biber Tag Count, which calculated the frequency of 67 linguistic variables considered in this study. The MDA results showed how the English job interviews of the study corpus, JIC, resemble or differentiate from the other English language registers along the five dimensions of variation (BIBER, 1988 et seq.). Since there are no precedents of studies within the CL devoted to the investigation of English job interviews in a multidimensional analysis, this research intends to fill this gap in the academic field / Em um cenário em que cada vez mais o processo de seleção de candidatos a uma vaga de emprego se torna mais exigente (JOSEPH, 2013), o estudo das entrevistas de emprego em inglês é de grande importância. No entanto, o tema tem recebido pouca atenção nos estudos linguísticos. O objetivo desta pesquisa é comparar o registro entrevista de emprego em inglês com os outros registros da Língua Inglesa ao longo das cinco dimensões de variação identificadas por Biber (1988 et seq.) por meio da Análise Multidimensional (AMD). Para tanto, esta pesquisa se fundamenta na Linguística de Corpus (LC) que se ocupa da coleta e exploração de corpora com a finalidade de servir para uma pesquisa de uma língua (BERBER SARDINHA, 2000; 2004). O corpus de estudo utilizado nesta pesquisa foi o Job Interview Corpus (JIC), composto por 40 entrevistas de emprego reais realizadas na Alemanha com falantes nativos oriundos da Austrália, Estados Unidos, Irlanda e Reino Unido, totalizando aproximadamente 50 mil palavras. A fim de viabilizar a AMD, o corpus de estudo, JIC, foi etiquetado gramaticalmente com a ferramenta computacional Biber Tagger e posteriormente processado pelo Biber Tag Count que calculou a frequência das 67 variáveis linguísticas consideradas neste estudo. Os resultados da AMD demonstraram como as entrevistas de emprego em inglês presentes no corpus de estudo, JIC, se assemelham ou se diferencia dos demais registros da Língua Inglesa ao longo das cinco dimensões de variação (BIBER, 1988 et seq.). Uma vez que não há precedentes de estudos dentro da LC dedicados à investigação das entrevistas de emprego em inglês em uma análise multidimensional, a presente pesquisa pretende preencher esta lacuna na área acadêmica

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-09-27T12:26:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Cristina Mayer.pdf: 1995903 bytes, checksum: 09a2f90db9b38ad6cba6cbb1553e52b5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-27T12:26:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cristina Mayer.pdf: 1995903 bytes, checksum: 09a2f90db9b38ad6cba6cbb1553e52b5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-31 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / The main goal of this research was to look at Web text varieties, specifically in social networks and consumer generated content such as comments, reviews and complaints in English through the Multidimensional Approach (MD) for register variation analysis leading to a set of dimensions of variation across Web registers. Web registers have been the object of several MD investigations (BERBER SARDINHA, 2014; BIBER et al., 2015; BIBER; EGBERT, 2015, 2016); however, these studies have not focused on social networks and consumer generated content. To fill this gap, a corpus of 15 of these registers was designed and compiled, the CoUGC – Corpus of User Generated Content, and three separate multidimensional analyses (MD) were conducted on the corpus, as well as a canonical correlation analysis. The first one was the additive MD analysis, in which the registers were added to the Dimensions of Variation of English by Biber (1988). The second one was a ‘mainstream’ MD analysis, in which the coocurrence of lexicogrammatical variables was analyzed and 4 dimensions were interpreted, representing the functional parameters underlying the variation across the registers. The third analysis, in turn, was based on the traditional MD analysis; however, it was conducted with lexical variables (BERBER SARDINHA, 2014; 2017; no prelo). This analysis revealed 5 thematic dimensions, which reflected semantic groupings. A canonical correlation analysis was then run to explain the relationship between the functional and lexical dimensions. All the analyzes led to the study of the use of the language by Web users / O objetivo principal desta pesquisa foi o estudo de variedades de texto da web, especificamente em redes sociais e conteúdo gerado por consumidores, como comentários, críticas e reclamações em língua inglesa por meio da Abordagem Multidimensional (AMD) para análise de variação de registro, que leva a um conjunto de dimensões de variação de registros da web. Os registros da web foram objeto de várias pesquisas em AMD (BERBER SARDINHA, 2014; BIBER et al., 2015; BIBER; EGBERT, 2015, 2016). No entanto, esses estudos não tiveram como foco redes sociais e conteúdo gerado pelo consumidor. Para preencher essa lacuna, um corpus de 15 desses registros foi desenhado e compilado, o CoUGC - Corpus of User Generated Content e três análises multidimensionais (AMD) foram realizadas no corpus, além da análise de correlação canônica. A primeira foi a AMD aditiva, na qual os registros do corpus de estudo foram mapeados nas Dimensões de variação do inglês de BIBER (1988). A segunda foi uma análise AMD funcional tradicional, na qual foi analisada a coocorrência das variáveis lexicogramaticais e foram identificadas 4 dimensões, que representaram os parâmetros funcionais subjacentes à variação entre os registros. A terceira análise, por sua vez, baseou-se na AMD tradicional, entretanto com variáveis lexicais (BERBER SARDINHA, 2014; 2017; no prelo). Essa análise revelou 5 dimensões temáticas, que refletiram agrupamentos semânticos. Foi feita então uma análise de correlação canônica para a observação da relação entre os dois conjuntos de dimensões, funcional e lexical. Todas as análises permitiram o estudo da linguagem dos usuários da web

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2006. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes bibliographical references (p. 258-273).

Quels facteurs déterminent la présence et le choix de métaphores dans la presse financière et économique? Présentation d’un modèle explicatif. <p><p>Ces 20 dernières années, les publications en sémantique cognitive traitant de la relation entre la métaphore et l’idéologie dans la presse financière se sont multipliées. Grâce notamment à Boers (1997, 1999, 2000), Koller (2002) et Charteris-Black (2000), la plupart des mécanismes rhétoriques accompagnant les métaphores sont relativement bien connus. <p><p>Toutefois, jusqu’à présent, l’effet de l’idéologie sur les choix métaphoriques n’a pas pu être prouvé, et à fortiori mesuré. Le but de cette étude est de développer un modèle explicatif des facteurs influençant la présence et le choix de métaphores dans la presse financière, afin de fournir un instrument méthodologique et statistique fiable pour l’analyse critique du discours. Une telle analyse pourrait s’avérer également utile dans le domaine de la traduction et de l’apprentissage de la langue spécialisée dans le domaine économique.<p><p>Le cadre théorique est constitué par une version modernisée de la Conceptual Metaphor Theory. L’approche est cognitive et onomasiologique. Le point de départ est un ensemble de concepts élémentaires du monde financier et sélectionnés sur la base des résultats d’un échantillon randomisé de 10.000 mots dans 2 quotidiens de la presse belge. Les concepts sont ensuite rassemblés sur base de critères pragmatiques et statistiques dans un ensemble qui reflète la composition du monde des finances et de la bourse. <p><p>Pour chaque réalisation de ces concepts, on décide si oui ou non il s’agit d’une métaphore, en appliquant la méthode d’identification proposée par le « Pragglejaz Group » (2007). Ensuite, dans le cas d’une métaphore, on tente d’identifier le domaine source.<p><p>Le corpus bilingue couvre une période de 12 mois en 2005 et comprend 450.000 mots, répartis dans 6 publications belges :De Standaard, De Morgen, Trends Cash, La Libre Belgique, Le Soir et L’Investisseur.<p> / Doctorat en philosophie et lettres, Orientation langue et littérature / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished