This paper explores how CSR can be eliminating the discrimination of sexual orientation in the employment between the constraints of state governance and market competition by applying CSR as a strategy of institutional innovation to reach the goal of protecting equality of rights for gay people in the workplace. From interview data, we find CSR has positive effects to make up the limitations within the social regulations of Taiwan government and heteronormativity. In contrast to the Gender Equality in Employment Act imposed by government, CSR as a bottom-up model of institutional practice it will internally provides corporations advantages to maintain their privileges as passing through the failure of state and enterprise systems. By analyzing the CSR ideas, we contend that CSR is a feasible project of social innovation for corporations to create friendly work environments by planning gender equality programs of training, advocating recognition of gay civil partnership, and including anti-discrimination of sexual orientation into CSR routines.

Abstract As the public began to pay more attention to the corporate performances¡¦ impact on the society, more enterprises are actively engaged in charitable activities in order to fulfill corporate social responsibility. By the observation of the development of Taiwan's public service activities, it can be found that most of the companies started to establish foundations as a feedback channel to all stakeholders. Porter said that social philanthropy should have a strategy. Strategic philanthropy is the way which not only intensifies the competitive advantages of the corporate, but also improves the social well-being. Therefore, this study investigates the influence of corporate foundations which takes the strategic philanthropy in the corporate foundations perspective and the research objects will be the foundations of different industries. This study hopes to understand how the different organization culture will have influence on motivation in the strategic philanthropy and the way of collaboration with non-profit organizations. This study is a qualitative study with secondary data collection and a semi-structured interview for the technology industry and financial industry and the subjects were Advantech ABLE Foudation and Chinatrust Charity Foundation, to understand as the practice of conducting strategic charity. The interview process to the recording, supplemented with notes taken down, in order to avoid missing messages, along with secondary data which analyzed according to the interview.   According to the documents, literature reviews and collecting interview results, we can propose the following conclusions: 1. The organizational culture of corporate foundations were affected by the companies, founders and the leaders. 2. The emergence of strategic philanthropy absolutely is the trend for the society nowadays. 3. The corporates can make the charity charitable orientation from the successful experience of strategic philanthropy and also unite the members. 4. Stable source of funding available in the non-profit organizations, a model to study business management and to increase awareness and level of exposure, volunteer working to resolve the plight of human resources.

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a subject long debated since the 1930s, but the premises of the topic in regards to the what, how, why, and to whom it should be remain in question. The relation between CSR and corporate financial performance (CFP) has emerged at the forefront of this debate, particularly within the last 30 years, yet no unified theory has been reached. Other scholars interested in CSR have criticized the emphasis on CFP as a means of economic justification for what they believe to be a broader social issue, and have attempted to redirect the focus in CSR research to include other motivations and outcomes associated with organizational stakeholders other than shareholders. Using a descriptive and instrumental stakeholder theory approach, the focus of the current study was to explore CSR practices in both a dependent and independent sense. These theoretical underpinnings reflect stakeholder management decisions based on organizational characteristics, and the strategic management of various organizational stakeholders, respectively. The study population consisted of a diverse array of 353 U.S.- based corporations, 80 percent from the Fortune 500. Data included eleven corporate classification variables that represented organizations’ geographical location, industry, executive leadership dimensions, and financial health. It also included six CFP variables that represented accounting and market-based measures, and seven CSR variables that represented the key organizational stakeholders of the local community and environment, employees, and customers. The corporate classification variables were utilized to assess CSR performances, while CFP was assessed by analyzing differences among levels of the CSR practices. These assessments were performed for organizations for the twelve years within 1991-2002. Several results that assisted in informing descriptive and instrumental stakeholder theory were produced through the examination of previously used and under-explored variables. Specifically, the study results included new insights regarding how several organizational characteristics related to their CSR practices. Study findings provided elaboration regarding how performance differences in seven key CSR categories affected six representative accounting and market-based measures of corporate financial performance. Implications for practice for organizational decision-makers are provided along with detailed information pertaining to how, with inferences as to why, firms engage in CSR. Additionally, associated financial outcomes from different levels of CSR implementation are reported. Key findings from the study were that the CSR practices regarding employees and the environment remained stable over the twelve-year time period. Additionally, organizations’ geographical location, financial health, and corporate leadership dimensions had an impact on CSR practices for various stakeholder groups, with the exception of employees. A high level of investment in CSR for certain stakeholder groups did not produce the best financial outcomes in all cases; however, organizations that emphasized CSR in the categories relative to the community and its employees outperformed others with respect to certain financial performance measures.

Because TTL (Taiwan Tobacco & Liquor Corporation) has monopolized the domestic market of tobacco and liquor for a long time, the operating attitude focuses mainly on distribution. How to adjust the management tactics and remold the staff with corporatizational concept becomes the critical point for making a transition. Therefore, through the probe of interior and exteriot CSI (Customer Satisfaction Index) in Kaohsiung Operation Center of TTL to investigate the CRM (Customer Relationship Management), we hope to propose suggestions based on the research results. Via promoting the CRM mechanism, the corporation can offer high quality product or service, so as to fulfill the enterprise mission and the government policy of profit-making, and moreover, the goal to realize the corporate social responsibility and achieve sustainable development. Through collecting and analyszing materials by means of literature study and questionnaire investigation, the research obtains the following conclusion: 1. With respect to Customer Satisfaction, the best rating falls on "operating achievements" and "geniality;" 2. In the aspect of Customer Management, "customer segmentation" and "targeted customer" receive the highest rating; 3. "Mutual reliance" and "public praise" earn the best rating in the aspect of customer service; 4. "Service" ranks the highest in providing customer value; 5. "Market share" wins the best score in promoting value added for customer; 6. Among new staff, satisfaction goes to "public praise" and the "complementary distribution system;" 7. Staff with less education is more satisfied with "customer relationship," "high value in C/P" and "returning and exchanging goods;" 8. What senior retailers concern is the "corporate image;" 9. The big retailers are relatively satisfied with CRM; 10. Consolidate the responsibility for regional operation and construct prospect of enterprise development; 11. Set up market competition order and protect the health rights and interests of those who are under the age of 18.

A Corporate Social Responsibility Study in Kaohsiung City's Financial Institutions Abstract The heightened competition and reducing profit-margin in the banking industry have forced banks to change for facing the struggle environment. In addition, many deceptive crime and practices happened recently are all related to the banking system, such as cheating ATM events and disclosure customers¡¦ personal information inappropriately. Under the kind of situation, how to restore customers¡¦ trust to banks has become the priority issue in the banking industry now. Therefore, the theme of social responsibility has come back to the table and attract intensive interests from both the academics and industry. This research conducted an empirical study through a qualitative approach. The purpose of this study is trying to explore the framework on the corporate social responsibility for the financial institution. By in-depth interviewing 17 executives in the financial institutions and based on previous researches, this study concluded four categories of corporate social responsibility for financial companies. 1. Economic Responsibility: Good quality products, appeal channel for customers, business sales performance. 2. Legal Responsibility: Support the related laws and legislations for protecting environment. 3. Ethical Responsibility: Well system of employee training, support technology development, community citizenship, and the concept of respecting employees. 4. Discretionary Responsibility: Charity, helping the minority group, improving social problems, and corporate vision. Overall, companies have accepted and taken some actions on both responsibilities, Economic and Legal. In addition, there are two constructs in the category of Ethical responsibility, employee training and respect employee, improved from the level of ¡§acceptance¡¨ to ¡§action¡¨. In addition, the other two constructs in the category of Ethical responsibility, support technology development and community citizenship, have been accepted by the executives but can¡¦t achieve the level of ¡§action¡¨ as some related limited regulations. Finally, the construct of Discretionary responsibility has not been taken any action by these interviewed companies.

Factors Influencing Corporate Social Responsibility Behavior: Test of An Integrated Stakeholder Model Abstract Lots of serious ethics crises and the violations of corporate social responsibility happened in domestic business community in recent years. These serious cases emerged in business not only have affected different parties¡¦ rights, but also caught the close attention from the public. Bunches of dangerous events and issues happened in the perspective of ethics crises also attracted the researcher¡¦s motive. This research, based on the viewpoint of the interested party ¡V the stakeholder, aims at understanding the development of CSR in Taiwan and building the research context. On the other hand, this study reviews the domestic and international literatures related to CSR in order to explore the whole concept of CSR development, the development stages, comprehensive theories in discussion of CSR, and finally to define relative stakeholders and the levels of CSR, while enterprise managers fulfilling their CSR. This research has applied 300 valid questionnaires from the top 1000 manufacturing industries in Taiwan to do the empirical investigation and statistical analysis. Meanwhile, in order to increase the validity, the study has searched 2,103 available news through the access of media¡¦s database (http://udn.com) to understand the CSR behaviors of top 1000 Taiwanese manufacturing industries, and further to do cross analysis with empirical investigation for the purpose of understanding their relationship. Therefore, as the research findings show, while enterprise managers carry out the CSR behavior intention of different interested parties, the factor of their behavior intention shows apparently positive effect on the perspectives of ¡§the community¡¨ and ¡§the shareholder¡¨; conversely, the factor doesn¡¦t show significant effect on ¡§the customer¡¨ and ¡§the employees¡¨. In addition, according to attitude belief of different CSR levels, there is the apparently positive effect between ¡§heteronomy responsibility¡¨ and ¡§autonomy responsibility¡¨. The empirical results also demonstrate the positive correlation between CSR behaviors presented in the past time and those presented in the future. In terms of cross analysis between CSR empirical model and the characteristics of CSR media reports, except ¡§community responsibility¡¨, higher intention and higher behavior presenters have better performances while facing positive and self-discipline news. Finally, the study suggests that it is necessary to enhance the attitude and belief of ¡§community responsibility¡¨, as well as of ¡§shareholder responsibility¡¨ in order to improve the fulfillment of CSR.

The main concern of this thesis is to problematize the so-called mutually beneficial relationship between free market mechanism and common good through the debates around Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Despite the social problems deepened by the free market, capitalist discourse attempts to justify itself by adopting some ethical concerns. However, it should be recognized that these attempts including CSR constitute market-based ethics. Trying to move beyond the existing critical literature on CSR, this thesis approaches to the concept of CSR from a Marxist perspective. I attempt to do it with the help of Marxist concept of commodity combined with Guy Debord&rsquo / s notion of spectacle. I argue that CSR can be considered as a spectacle, because it has at least two characteristics of the spectacle: confronting the working class with each other and commodifying the humanitarian values. This thesis also includes a close reading of the discourse about CSR in order to show that how these two characteristics of the spectacle are embedded in the global language of CSR and how they are manifested through the institutions of capitalism. In this context, I will focus on four institutions that have major contributions to the existing CSR discourse worldwide: UN Global Compact and OECD Guidelines for Multinational Corporations, the most comprehensive international guidelines for CSR, and Nike and Walmart, two monopolies that have been under intense public scrutiny for their unethical practices and have produced the most intense discourse about their corporate responsibility practices.

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This research is focus on discussion of Convenience Chain Stores¡¦ Key Successful Factors, in which using for lead into the LOHAS¡]Lifestyles of Health and Sustainability¡^. This case is based on the 7-11 of which used both of the ¡§Case Study¡¨ & ¡§Penetrate Interview¡¨. Except two high-level managers in charged of LOHAS, there are some other key men involved as following: two high-level managers in Uni-President(upstream company of 7-11) Enterprise and two high-level managers in Ton-Chuang¡]logistics¡^company. Among them I got four KSFs to be the result of this research, which van be the references in the future development of Convenience Chain Stores as following¡G 1.The factor of Social Environment. 2.The factor of Resource Input. 3.The factor of Product Strategy. 4.The factor of Strategy Popularization. 7-11 suppose to be the NO.1 beneficiary. Even though 7-11 had popularized the LOHAS foe three years, it never made any similar analysis and generalization. I expect to get the resonance of 7-11by the share of this research-to make a harmonious society by the three-wins of egoistic, altruistic and the earth.

The simplicity of the Environmental Kuznets (EKC) curve concept motivated this study of the relationships between environmental, economic and social indicators at the country, city/regional and manufacturing facility scale. The study builds on almost 20 years of research on the EKC, which has shown conflicting results for confirmation of the EKC hypothesis that the environment first degrades, then improves, with increasing economic wealth. Most EKC studies use country-scale income or GDP as the primary economic indicator of interest; this study experiments with city/regional GDP at the local scale and a country-scale "market maturity" indicator commonly used by the corporation studied. The manufacturing facility scale analysis is new territory in the EKC literature. Firm-scale studies in the past have been just that, evaluating firm environmental performance across a specific industry. This effort evaluates manufacturing facility performance within the same firm across a set of 21 countries of interest to the corporation. This study is unique in a few other ways. Including multiple scales in the same study is not common in the EKC literature. Typically, a study would focus on one or a few indicators at one specific scale. The actual environmental and social outcome variables used here are also somewhat unique. Generally speaking, the results reported here will fall into the "mixed" bucket relative to the 20 years of existing EKC literature; however, a possible research platform is established based on the possible nesting of multiple scales within the same research effort.