Šiame magistro baigiamajame darbe analizuotas nuteistųjų laisvės atėmimu klasifikavimo ir diferencijavimo procesas. Teorinėje darbo dalyje (1 – 2 skyriai) nagrinėta klasifikavimo ir diferencijavimo sąvokų prasmė ir paskirtis, jų vieta teisės aktų sistemoje, klasifikavimo ir diferencijavimo proceso reikšmė tarptautinėje erdvėje. Antrojoje praktinėje-metodologinėje dalyje (3 – 4 skyriai) analizuojamos praktinės teisės aktų taikymo problemos nuteistųjų klasifikavimo ir diferencijavimo srityje, šių procesų praktinė svarba nuteistųjų pataisai, pateikiami pasiūlymai. Taip pat atlikta respondentų apklausa, siekiant išsiaiškinti ar pakankamas yra nuteistųjų diferencijavimo proceso teisinis reglamentavimas, kokios jo tobulinimo galimybės. Apklaustos dvi respondentų grupės – nuteistieji laisvės atėmimu bei pataisos namuose dirbantys pareigūnai. Darbo pabaigoje pateikiamos išvados ir pasiūlymai. / The author in this Master‘s work analyzing the process of the classification and differentiation of imprisonment convicts. At the first half of this work (1 – 2 sections) author is researching the meaning and purpose of classification and differentiation notions, their place in the system of enactments and law, the significance of classification and differentiation process at the international level of law. At the second, practical – methodological part of the work (2 – 4 sections) author analyzing practical problems in use of classification and differentiation enactments, researching the practical importance of these processes reaching the correction of convicts, giving the suggestions and solutions. Also author is giving the material of the survey accomplished by him, on purpose to find out the problems of differentiation process enactment, also to find out what are the possibilities of the refinement of this process. At the end of the work author is taking the conclusions and suggestions.

Numerical models are powerful and widely used tools for environmental prediction; however, any model prediction contains errors due to imperfect model parameterizations, insufficient model resolution, numerical errors, imperfect initial and boundary conditions etc. A variety of approaches is applied to quantify, correct and minimize these errors including skill assessments, bias correction and formal data assimilation. All of these require observations and benefit from comprehensive data sets. In this thesis, two aspects related to the quantification and correction of errors in biological ocean models are addressed: (i) A new bias correction method for a biological ocean model is evaluated, and (ii) a novel approach for expanding the set of typically available phytoplankton observations is assessed. The bias correction method, referred to as frequency-dependent nudging, was proposed by Thompson et al. (Ocean Modelling, 2006, 13:109-125) and is used to nudge a model only in prescribed frequencies. A desirable feature of this method is that it can preserve high frequency variability that would be dampened with conventional nudging. The method is first applied to an idealized signal consisting of a seasonal cycle and high frequency variability. In this example, frequency-dependent nudging corrected for the imposed seasonal bias without affecting the high-frequency variability. The method is then applied to a non-linear, 1 dimensional (1D) biogeochemical ocean model. Results showed that application of frequency-dependent nudging leads to better biogeochemical estimates than conventional nudging. In order to expand the set of available phytoplankton observations, light measurements from sensors attached on grey seals where assessed to determine if they provide a useful proxy of phytoplankton biomass. A controlled experiment at Bedford Basin showed that attenuation coefficient estimates from light attenuation measurements from seal tags were found to correlate significantly with chlorophyll. On the Scotian Shelf, results of the assessment indicate that seal tags can uncover spatio-temporal patterns related to phytoplankton biomass; however, more research is needed to derive absolute biomass estimates in the region.

Darbe analizuojama teorinė holistinė sveikatos samprata bei psichofizinio ugdymo reikšmė švietimo ir sveikatos apsaugos sistemos kontekste. Darbe taip pat analizuojamas psichofizinio ugdymo specialistų- kineziterapeutų ir judesio korekcijos specialistų profesinių kompetencijų praktinis realizavimas atsižvelgiant į tai, kad pastarieji specializuojasi atitinkamai reabilitacijos ir edukologijos srityse. Iškelta hipotezė, kad kineziterapeutų profesinės kompetencijos (funkciniai, bendravimo ir bendradarbiavimo, kineziterapeutų praktinės veiklos plėtros gebėjimai) yra kur kas plačiau realizuojamos praktikoje nei judesio korekcijos specialistų. Anketinės apklausos metodu buvo atliktas tyrimas, kurio tikslas- palyginti kineziterapeutų ir judesio korekcijos specialistų profesinių kompetencijų praktinį realizavimą. Apklausoje dalyvavo 200 respondentų (kineziterapeutų ir judesio korekcijos specialistų) iš Vilniaus, Kauno, Klaipėdos, Šiaulių, Panevėžio ir mažesnių miestų. Empirinėje dalyje buvo siekiama palyginti kineziterapeutų ir judesio korekcijos specialistų funkcinių gebėjimų, bendravimo ir bendradarbiavimo gebėjimų bei praktinės veiklos plėtros gebėjimų realizavimą paktikoje. Svarbiausios empirinio tyrimo išvados: 1. Daugumos funkcinių kompetencijų realizavimas praktikoje yra kur kas labiau išplėtotas kineziterapeutų nei judesio korekcijos specialistų. 2. Atlikus apklausą paaiškėjo, kad judesio korekcijos specialistų bendravimo ir bendadarbiavimo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The paper deals with the theoretical analysis of health as a holistic conception and significance of psychophysiological personality‘s education in context of education system and health protection system. The paper deals with the theoretical analysis of professional competencies realization in practice of psychophysiological education specialists – specialists in kinesitherapy and specialists in movement correction considering that these specialists are specializing in rehabilitation and educological fields. Hypothesis: professional competencies (functional abilities, communication and collaboration abilities and development of practical activity abilities) are realized in practice much more by specialists in kinesitherapy than by specialists in movement correction. With questionnaire quiz method was made a research which aim was to compare realization of professional competencies in practical work of specialists in kinesitherapy and specialists in movement correction. 200 respondents (specialists in kinesitherapy and in movement correction) from Vilnius, Kaunas, Klaipėda, Šiauliai, Panevėžys and other cities have participated in this research. There was purpose to compare functional abilities, communication and collaboration abilities and development of practical activity abilities realization in practice of specialists in kinesitherapy and specialists in movement correction in empirical part. The most important empirical conclusions that... [to full text]

In the paper, the interaction between public debt and inflation including mutual impulse response will be analysed. The European sovereign debt crisis brought once again the focus on the consequences of public debt in combination with an expansive monetary policy for the development of consumer prices. Public deficits can lead to inflation if the money supply is expansive. The high level of national debt, not only in the Euro-crisis countries, and the strong increase in total assets of the European Central Bank, as a result of the unconventional monetary policy, caused fears on inflating national debt. The transmission from public debt to inflation through money supply and long-term interest rate will be shown in the paper. Based on these theoretical thoughts, the variables public debt, consumer price index, money supply m3 and long-term interest rate will be analysed within a vector error correction model estimated by Johansen approach. In the empirical part of the article, quarterly data for Germany from 1991 by 2010 are to be examined.

Thèse numérisée par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

This thesis evaluates regional hydrology using output from the Canadian Regional Climate Model (CRCM 4.1) and examines changes in the hydrological processes over the Churchill River Basin (CRB) by employing the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) hydrology model. The CRCM evaluation has been performed by combining the atmospheric and the terrestrial water budget components of the hydrological cycle. The North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR) data are used where direct observations are not available. The outcome of the evaluation reveals the potential of the CRCM for use in long-term hydrological studies. The CRCM atmospheric moisture fluxes and storage tendencies show reasonable agreement with the NARR. The long-term moisture flux over the CRB was found to be generally divergent during summer. A systematic bias is observed in the CRCM precipitation and temperature. A quantile-based mapping of the cumulative distribution function is applied for precipitation adjustments. The temperature correction only involves shifting and scaling to adjust mean and variance. The results indicate that the techniques employed for correction are useful for hydrological studies. Bias-correction is also applied to the CRCM future climate. The CRCM bias-corrected data is then used for hydrological modeling of the CRB. The VIC-simulated streamflow exhibits acceptable agreement with observations. The VIC model's internal variables such as snow and soil moisture indicate that the model is capable of simulating internal process variables adequately. The VIC-simulated snow and soil moisture shows the potential of use as an alternative dataset for hydrological studies. Streamflow along with precipitation and temperature are analyzed for trends. No statistically significant trend is observed in the daily precipitation series. Results suggest that an increase in temperature may reduce accumulation of snow during fall and winter. The flow regime may be in transition from a snowmelt dominated regime to a rainfall dominated regime. Results from future climate simulations of the A2 emission scenario indicate a projected increase of streamflow, while the snow depth and duration exhibit a decrease. Soil moisture response to future climate warming shows an overall increase with a greater likelihood of occurrences of higher soil moisture.

In this work are analyzed the problems of how music demands are revealed in pedagogical and psychological literature as well as the problem of genesis, motivation, the influence of valuable orientation to music demands and their adjustment. The problem of how music demands are classified, what musical needs are among students in different age groups and what influence education can have to satisfy students‘ needs are trying to be solved out in this work. The research carried out in Juozas Balčikonis gymnasium and Vytautas Žemkalnis gymnasium among 9-12th formers helped to purify family influence to meet students music needs. It allowed to form a set of recommendations on how students can increase the satifaction of their music needs in families. The research also showed the necessity to satisfy their needs while communicating with friends. It is found out that learning music at school has a positive influence to students‘ music needs. The fact of a small number of students playing music was established. The most interesting musical activity among students is found out, which should encourage teachers to pay more attention to it. A part of students‘ free time devoted to attending concerts is defined. According to the research, professional perfomances should be organized in gymnasiums. The tendency that students spend most of their free time in entertainment centers was exposed. It should induce teachers to increase the culture of entertainment and change students‘ attitude... [to full text]

<p>Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has emerged as a unique method to characterize brain tissue microstructure non-invasively. DTI typically provides the ability to study white matter structure with a standard voxel resolution of 8&mu;L over imaging field-of-views of the extent of the human brain. As such, it has long been recognized as a promising tool not only in clinical research for the diagnostic and monitoring of white matter diseases, but also for investigating the fundamental biological principles underlying the organization of long and short-range cortical networks. However, the complexity of brain structure within an MRI voxel makes it difficult to dissociate the tissue origins of the measured anisotropy. The tensor characterization is a composite result of proton pools in different tissue and cell structures with diverse diffusion properties. As such, partial volume effects introduce a strong bias which can lead to spurious measurements, especially in regions with a complex tissue structure such as interdigitating crossing fibers or in convoluted cortical folds near the grey/white matter interface.</p><p>This dissertation focuses on the design and development of acquisition and image reconstruction strategies to improve the spatial resolution of diffusion imaging. After a brief review of the theory of diffusion MRI and of the basic principles of streamline tractography in the human brain, the main challenges to increasing the spatial resolution are discussed. A comprehensive characterization of artifacts due to motion and field inhomogeneities is provided and novel corrective methods are proposed to enable the acquisition of diffusion weighted data with 2D mulitslice imaging techniques with full brain coverage, increased SNR and high spatial resolutions of 1.25&times;1.25&times;1.25 mm<super>3</super> within an acceptable scan time. The method is extended to a multishot k_{_z}-encoded 3D multislab spiral DTI and evaluated in normal human volunteers.</p><p>To demonstrate the increased SNR and enhanced resolution capability of the proposed methods and more generally to assess the value of high-spatial resolution in diffusion imaging, a study of cortical depth-dependence of fractional anisotropy was performed at an unprecedented <italic>in-vivo</italic> inplane resolution of 0.390&times;0.390&mu;m<super>2</super> and an investigation of the trade-offs between spatial resolution and cortical specificity was conducted within the connectome framework.</p> / Dissertation

We review several nonparametric regression techniques and discuss their various strengths and weaknesses with an emphasis on derivative estimation and confidence band creation. We develop a generalized C(p) criterion for tuning parameter selection when interest lies in estimating one or more derivatives and the estimator is both linear in the observed responses and self-consistent. We propose a method for constructing simultaneous confidence bands for the mean response and one or more derivatives, where simultaneous now refers both to values of the covariate and to all derivatives under consideration. In addition we generalize the simultaneous confidence bands to account for heteroscedastic noise. Finally, we consider the characterization of nanoparticles and propose a method for identifying a proper subset of the covariate space that is most useful for characterization purposes.

We introduce a technique to automatically correct color inconsistencies in a display composed of one or more digital light projectors (DLP). The method is agnostic to the source of error and can detect and address color problems from a number of sources. Examples include inter- and intra-projector color differences, display surface markings, and environmental lighting differences on the display. In contrast to methods that discover and map all colors into the greatest common color space, we minimize local color discontinuities to create color seamlessness while remaining tolerant to significant color error. The technique makes use of a commodity camera and highdynamic range sensing to measure color gamuts at many different spatial locations. A differentiable energy function is defined that combines both a smoothness and data term. This energy function is globally minimized through the successive application of projective warps defined using gradient descent. After convergence the warps can be applied at runtime to minimize color defects in the display. The framework is demonstrated on displays that suffer from several sources of color error.