This research study examines the development of a school guidance programme in a teacher education institute in a turbulent Hong Kong environment. The focus of the study is the teachers’ awareness of the impact of change, their beliefs in human nature, and the skills gained from the programme in dealing with student guidance issues in their classrooms. The study describes the political, economic and social changes in Hong Kong society after 1997 and the consequent impact on primary school teachers, educated and brought up in traditional Chinese families now facing student problems in their classrooms that are being addressed using Western humanistic theories and models. The researcher has used a variety of essentially qualitative strategies. These include: participants’ self-reflection; researcher’s observation and interviews on campus and in school classrooms; and teaching and learning materials. The effectiveness of the programme is judged to be in the teachers’ awareness of the theories imparted, and the relevant skills that they gained, in dealing with these behavioural issues in their classrooms. The study explores how contemporary teachers deliver cognitive knowledge to pupils, but also can learn to play the role of guidance helper to their pupils. Thus, the focus is on affective professional teacher development. The contribution this research makes to our understanding is in its attempt to relate teachers’ values and beliefs to their professional behaviour. It also contributes to an understanding of how Eastern and Western values interact in solving global educational issues. The study enters into the professional reflections of new generation of teachers in Hong Kong’s recent period of rapid cultural change.

<p><strong>Title:</strong> The challenge of marketing water filters in Uganda</p><p> </p><p><strong>Purpose:</strong> The purpose of this research is to assess why sales of the water filter (CrystalPur) is stagnant. The authors will investigate the viability of the approach used to market CrystalPur with help of the marketing mix after which necessary adjustments best fitted for the Ugandan market will be suggested.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Method:</strong> This research takes a qualitative approach. Data collection method used was both interviews and documentation. Telephone interviews were conducted with the management of ATU, schools and health centers that have received the filter as a donation. The secondary data used were articles, related studies and books. Since it is a research based on a qualitative approach, the theories and the findings is synthesized to make implication regarding the study.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The investigation has shown that the target customers are not buying the filter because they doubt its functionality of providing safe water which has thus hindered its acceptance rate. Boiling water is the accepted method which thus makes filtering disadvantaged. Also the filters performance does not meet the expectation of the respondents due its fragility and slow flow rate. The price of the filter was shown to be very expensive and unaffordable by the target group. The channels used to create awareness are not effective due to the low literacy rate affecting the level of understanding. Lastly, the underdeveloped distribution channels have not enabled easy accessibility of the product.</p>

Over the last decades Britain´s ethnic minorities have successfully established themselves in a multicultural society. In particular, Indian – Hindu communities generally improved their social and economic situation. In this context, the third generation of British Indians is now growing up. In contrast to the previous generation of the Indian diaspora, these children grow up in an established ethnic community, which learned to retain its religion, traditions and culture in a foreign environment. At the same time, these children are part of the multicultural British society. Based on the academic discussion about the second generation of immigrated ethnic communities, when the youth often suffered from cultural differences, racism and discrimination and therefore rejected aspects of their culture of origin, this paper assumes that the loss of the culture of origin further increases in the third generation. This thesis follows the main theories about the connection between generation and integration. It is believed that the preference of western culture influences the personal, ethnic and cultural identity of young people. This leads to the rejection of traditional bonds. Before introducing this thesis various theoretical concepts are discussed which are inevitable for the comprehension of the diasporic situation in which British Indian youngsters grow up. As part of the worldwide Asian Indian diaspora Indian families in Britain maintain manifold links to Indian communities in various countries. Particularly, the link to India plays a decisive role; the subcontinent is referred to as an abstract homeland, especially by the first generation. While the grandparents strongly adhere to their Indian culture and Hindu religion, the second generation already generated cultural change. In this process various cultural values of the Indian ethnic community have been questioned and modified. Further, the second generation pushed the integration into the British society by giving up the dependence on the ethnic network. This paper is based on a hybrid and fluent definition of culture. This definition also applies to the underlying understanding of identity and ethnicity. Due to migration, cultural contact and the multilocality of the diaspora, diasporic and post-diasporic identities and cultures are characterized by hybridity, heterogeneity, fragmentation and flexibility. Particularly, in the younger generation – though dependent on a number of social and structural factors - cultural change and mixture happen; in this process new ethnicities and identities evolve. In the second and third part of this paper the thesis of loss of culture of origin is refuted on the basis of findings from empirical research. British - Indian youngsters in London have been questioned for the study. Half of the youngsters are related to a sampradaya, a Hindu sect. This enables the author to compare youngsters who do not belong to a particular religious group with those who are included into a religious and / or ethnic community through a sampradaya. The analysis of the findings which are based on qualitative and quantitative social research shows that the young people have great interest in their culture of origin and that they aim to maintain this culture in the diaspora. They identify as Indian and are proud of their cultural differences. In this, they differ from the second generation. In contrast to the generation of their grandparents the Indian identity of the third generation is not based on nostalgic memories. They confirm and emphasize their postdiasporic difference in a western multicultural society. The findings from the survey hereby exceed the thesis from Hansen’s theory about the rediscovery of the culture of origin in the third generation. The comparison of both groups shows that in the context of the differentiation of postmodern and postcolonial communities also ethnic groups become increasingly differentiated. Therefore, the Indian heritage and culture does not play the same role for every young British Indian. / In den letzten Jahrzehnten haben sich Großbritanniens Minoritäten zunehmend in einer multikulturellen Gesellschaft etabliert. Insbesondere die indisch-hinduistischen Gruppen haben dabei ihre soziale und ökonomische Situation größtenteils verbessert. So wächst nunmehr die dritte Generation von Indern in Großbritannien heran. Im Gegensatz zu den vorhergehenden Generationen der indischen Diaspora wachsen diese Kinder in einer etablierten ethnischen Gemeinschaft auf, die es gelernt hat ihre Religion, Tradition und Kultur in der fremden Umgebung zu erhalten. Gleichzeitig sind sie Teil der multikulturellen britischen Gesellschaft. Ausgehend von der Diskussion der Literatur über die zweite Generation in immigrierten ethnischen Gemeinschaften, deren Jugendliche oft unter den kulturellen Gegensätzen, Rassismus und Diskriminierung litten und daher verschiedene Aspekte ihrer Herkunftskultur ablehnten, geht diese Arbeit von der These aus, dass sich der Verlust der Herkunftskultur in der dritten Generation verstärkt. Diese Annahme folgt gängigen Theorien über den Zusammenhang zwischen Generation und Integration. Dabei wird weiterhin angenommen, dass sich die Präferenz der westlichen Kultur auch auf die persönliche, ethnische und kulturelle Identität der Jugendlichen auswirkt, was zu einer Abkehr von traditionellen Bindungen führt. Hinleitend auf diese These werden zunächst verschiedene theoretische Konzepte diskutiert, die für das Verständnis der diasporischen Situation, in der britisch-indische Jugendliche aufwachsen, unumgänglich sind. Als eine der Größten umspannt die indische Diaspora die Welt. Dies bedeutet, dass Familien vielfältige Verknüpfungen zu indischen Gemeinden in verschiedenen Ländern unterhalten. Insbesondere aber die Verbindung nach Indien spielt eine herausragende Rolle, als dass der Subkontinent in vielen Familien als abstrakte Heimatreferenz erhalten bleibt, die besonders von der ersten Generation konserviert wird. Während die Großeltern stark an der indischen Kultur und hinduistischen Religion festhalten, bewirkte bereits die zweite Generation einen kulturellen Wandel. Dabei wurden verschiedene kulturelle Werte der ethnischen Gemeinde in Frage gestellt und modifiziert. Weiterhin trieb die zweite Generation die Integration in die britische Gesellschaft voran, indem sie die Abhängigkeit von einem ethnischen Netzwerk aufgab. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird von einem hybriden und nicht-statischen Kulturbegriff ausgegangen. Diese Definition trifft auch für das Identitäts- und Ethnizitätsverständnis zu, von denen in dem vorliegenden Text ausgegangen wird. Aufgrund von Migration, Kulturkontakt und der Multilokalität der Diaspora sind diasporische und postdiasporische Identitäten und Kulturen geprägt von Hybridität, Heterogenität, Fragmentierung und Flexibilität. Besonders in den jüngeren Generationen kommt es abhängig von verschiedenen sozialen und strukturellen Faktoren zu kulturellem Wandel und Vermischung, wobei neue Ethnizitäten und Identitäten entstehen. Im zweiten und dritten Teil wird die These des Verlustes der Herkunftskultur auf Grundlage empirischer Forschungsergebnisse widerlegt. Dafür wurden indisch-stämmige Jugendliche in London untersucht. Etwa die Hälfte der Jugendlichen ist an eine sampradaya, eine hinduistische Sekte, gebunden. Dies ermöglicht einen Vergleich zwischen nicht religiös-gebundenen Jugendlichen und solchen die über eine sampradaya in eine ethnische und / oder religiöse Gemeinde eingebunden sind. Die Analyse der auf qualitativer und quantitativer Sozialforschung basierenden Ergebnisse kommt zu dem Ergebnis, dass die Jugendlichen ein sehr großes Interesse an ihrer Herkunftskultur und deren Erhalt in der Diaspora haben. Sie fühlen sich als Inder und sind stolz auf ihre kulturelle Differenz. Darin unterscheiden sie sich von der zweiten Generation. Im Gegensatz zur Generation ihrer Großeltern, basiert die indische Identität der dritten Generation jedoch nicht auf nostalgischen Erinnerungen. Sie betonen und bestätigen ihre postdiasporische Andersheit in einer westlich multikulturellen Gesellschaft. Die Ergebnisse der Untersuchung gehen dabei über die These von Hansens Theorie über die Wiederentdeckung der Herkunftskultur in der dritten Generation hinaus. Durch den Vergleich der unterschiedlichen Gruppen wird deutlich, dass es im Rahmen der Ausdifferenzierung postmoderner und postkolonialer Gesellschaften auch zu einer Ausdifferenzierung der ethnischen Gruppe kommt. Die indische Herkunft und Kultur spielt daher nicht für jeden jungen British Inder die gleiche Rolle.

The thesis provides a political analysis of a position paper on government programming recently adopted by the Ukrainian Canadian Congress (UCC) a national ethno-cultural organisation that ostensibly represents over one million Canadians of Ukrainian heritage and a historically important player in the development of multiculturalism in Canada. The impetus for such an analysis is to explore whether there are alternative policy directions available to the UCC that could satisfy its mandate developing and enhancing the Ukrainian-Canadian community while taking into account the reality that Ukrainian-Canadians culturally resemble more and more the broader Canadian society. <p>In a wide-ranging analysis that criticizes both, official Canadian multiculturalism for falling short in meeting its commitment to cultural pluralism and the UCC for upholding a position that relies on a static or retrograde version of culture, the thesis makes the case for a multiculturalism that can recognize cultural differences while allowing for change. <p>The thesis is significant because it asks relevant questions concerning how multiculturalism in Canada takes into account an increasingly heterogeneous citizenship characterized by cultural change. In this regard, the thesis is of particular importance to Canadians who claim a multiplicity of cultures rather than a single ethnicity and yet still express a desire to be included in the discourse on Canadian national identity.

Mergers and acquisitions are a phenomenon which can occur for a variety of reasons. It may for example be that the organizations want to gain larger market shares or to complement and learn from each other and thus become more competitive. After the completion of an acquisition or merger, a process is initiated to create an affiliation between the two companies' employees. The purpose of this paper is to examine whether there is something that management can do to make the integration process as efficient as possible. The empirical research in this paper consisted of interviews and surveys with respondents from two accounting firms that recently completed a merger. To maximize the chances of a successful acquisition, management should try to influence employees through active communication, where similarities between organizational culture are addressed and stressed and thus try to contribute to the sense of belonging between the companies. A delay in moving to a single, mutual location has affected the integration process negatively.

The thesis provides a political analysis of a position paper on government programming recently adopted by the Ukrainian Canadian Congress (UCC) a national ethno-cultural organisation that ostensibly represents over one million Canadians of Ukrainian heritage and a historically important player in the development of multiculturalism in Canada. The impetus for such an analysis is to explore whether there are alternative policy directions available to the UCC that could satisfy its mandate developing and enhancing the Ukrainian-Canadian community while taking into account the reality that Ukrainian-Canadians culturally resemble more and more the broader Canadian society. <p>In a wide-ranging analysis that criticizes both, official Canadian multiculturalism for falling short in meeting its commitment to cultural pluralism and the UCC for upholding a position that relies on a static or retrograde version of culture, the thesis makes the case for a multiculturalism that can recognize cultural differences while allowing for change. <p>The thesis is significant because it asks relevant questions concerning how multiculturalism in Canada takes into account an increasingly heterogeneous citizenship characterized by cultural change. In this regard, the thesis is of particular importance to Canadians who claim a multiplicity of cultures rather than a single ethnicity and yet still express a desire to be included in the discourse on Canadian national identity.

Title: The challenge of marketing water filters in Uganda   Purpose: The purpose of this research is to assess why sales of the water filter (CrystalPur) is stagnant. The authors will investigate the viability of the approach used to market CrystalPur with help of the marketing mix after which necessary adjustments best fitted for the Ugandan market will be suggested.   Method: This research takes a qualitative approach. Data collection method used was both interviews and documentation. Telephone interviews were conducted with the management of ATU, schools and health centers that have received the filter as a donation. The secondary data used were articles, related studies and books. Since it is a research based on a qualitative approach, the theories and the findings is synthesized to make implication regarding the study.   Conclusions: The investigation has shown that the target customers are not buying the filter because they doubt its functionality of providing safe water which has thus hindered its acceptance rate. Boiling water is the accepted method which thus makes filtering disadvantaged. Also the filters performance does not meet the expectation of the respondents due its fragility and slow flow rate. The price of the filter was shown to be very expensive and unaffordable by the target group. The channels used to create awareness are not effective due to the low literacy rate affecting the level of understanding. Lastly, the underdeveloped distribution channels have not enabled easy accessibility of the product.

Purpose: The purpose of this bachelor's thesis is to investigate the safety culture among employees within the garment factory industry in Bangladesh. This is made in order to increase the understanding of the need for improvements and how these can be made. Methodology: This qualitative thesis has an abductive approach. The empirical findings are based on semi-structured interviews with 26 garment factory workers. Theoretical framework: The thesis deals with two theoretical areas. It addresses the concepts of safety culture and safety climate as well as their relation to organizational culture. Thereto it addresses theories on method implementations and changes in organizational culture. Results: Five recurring themes were found in the semi-structured interviews with factory workers: a new focus among management, training, risk and dangers at work, speaking about safety at work and wish for changes at work. It is hoped that the recurring themes reflect distinctive patterns within organizational and safety culture among garment factory workers in Bangladesh. Conclusions: In the aftermath of Rana Plaza the safety culture within the ready-made garment industry have seen major improvements. However, the safety culture still possesses several of shortcomings. In order for international initiatives to succeed in their objective of creating a safer and healthier ready-made garment industry in Bangladesh these shortcomings must be acknowledged. Thereto a bottom-up perspective must complement a top-down perspective in the ongoing implementation process of an organization culture which aim to empower factory workers and support factory owners to take responsibility for safety and health at work. / Syfte: Syftet med kandidatuppsatsen var att undersöka säkerhetskulturen bland anställda inom textilindustrin i Bangladesh. Detta görs för att öka förståelsen om behovet av förbättringar och hur dessa kan göras. Metod: Denna kvalitativa uppsats har en abduktiv ansats. De empiriska fynden baseras på semistrukturerade intervjuer med 26 textilarbetare. Teoretiskt ramverk: Uppsatsen behandlar två teoretiska områden. Dels behandlar den begreppen säkerhetskultur och säkerhetsklimat samt deras relation till organisationskultur. Dels behandlar den teorier om metodimplementering och förändringar inom organisationskultur. Resultat: Fem återkommande teman återfanns ide semistrukturerade intervjuerna medtextilarbetare: ett nytt fokus hos ledningen, utbildning, risker och faror i arbetet, att tala om säkerhet på arbetsplatsen samt önskemål om förändringar på arbetet, Förhoppningen är att de återkommande temana speglar tydliga mönster i organisations- och säkerhetskulturen bland textilarbetare i Bangladesh. Slutsatser: I efterdyningarna av Rana Plaza har säkerhetskulturen inom textilindustrin sett stora förbättringar. Säkerhetskulturen lider dockfortfarande av flera brister. För att internationella initiativ ska lyckas nå sin lyckas skapa en säkrare och mer hälsosam textilindustri i Bangladesh måste dessa brister erkännas. Därtill krävs ett bottom-up perspektiv kompletterar ett top-down perspektiv i den pågående implementeringen av en organisationskultur som syftar till att skapa empowerment hos textilarbetare och att stötta fabriksägare till att ta ansvar för en säker och hälsosam arbetsmiljö.

This thesis investigates how an organizational change can lead to an increased share of women at top management positions. Based on interviews at Sandvik, an organization that has received extensive attention for its efforts to increase the share of female executives, the study aims to understand how an organizational culture is changed in a way that will lead to more women at top management positions. The study also aims to give an answer to how the change process is implemented and what kinds of changes in content that are needed. The empirical findings are analyzed using a theoretical framework based on change management literature and female leadership literature. The results of the study indicate that actions to increase gender diversity should be integrated in the overarching company strategy. There are further indications that it can be enough to have a personal conviction from a prominent leader within the organization to start the change process. Commitment and support from top management is thereafter vital. A final indication is that the changes in content should be aimed at changing the mindset of the employees throughout the organization.

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