Esta pesquisa investiga as condições objetivas e os determinantes sociais que permitiram a alguns professores efetivos da rede estadual de São Paulo participar do Projeto Bolsa Mestrado. Tal projeto, desde 2004, faz parte das políticas de formação continuada oferecidas pela Secretaria de Estado da Educação de São Paulo (SEE), com o objetivo de fornecer aos seus integrantes a possibilidade de aprofundar conhecimentos de natureza teórica e prática que pudessem interferir positivamente em seu desenvolvimento profissional. Embora se apresente como universal, pelo fato de ser aberto a todos os 125 mil docentes efetivos da rede estadual, menos de 2% deles se aventuram a participar do projeto, mostrando que a disposição para participar dessa iniciativa se enraíza em condições particulares de existência relacionadas diretamente com as condutas dos seus agentes adaptadas às condições das quais são produtos, em função de uma espécie de acordo existente entre as disposições dos agentes, advindas do âmbito familiar e dos demais processos de socialização sofridos ao longo da vida e as exigências do universo em que estão inseridos. Numa tentativa de compreender esse fenômeno, o presente trabalho, tendo como referência a teoria de Pierre Bourdieu, propõe-se a conhecer as características de alguns professores que participaram do Projeto Bolsa Mestrado, desvelando as condições que, no decorrer de sua trajetória, os levaram a constituir o interesse pelo desenvolvimento de uma pesquisa nesse nível. Na mesma perspectiva, pretende-se apreender os sentidos que esta experiência teve para esses agentes, averiguando se houve transformações em sua posição no campo educacional e relacionando essas transformações com dados que mostram a situação dos cursos de Mestrado no Brasil. Espera-se, assim contribuir para a identificação dos significados da realização do Mestrado para os agentes em questão. Por meio de entrevistas com quatro professores que participaram do Projeto Bolsa Mestrado e que atualmente são mestres, foi possível constatar que o capital cultural amealhado por cada um deles ao longo de sua trajetória resultou em relações específicas com o conhecimento e com a vontade de continuar estudando. Destaca-se que a conclusão do Mestrado possibilitou aos professores investigados estabelecer estratégias de distinção e de obtenção de capital simbólico, além de trazer melhorias em termos de capital cultural e econômico. Entretanto, esses ganhos não encontraram ressonância dentro da própria rede estadual, que não cria condições para a permanência desses professores em suas salas de aula. Esse quadro é agravado pela limitação dos ganhos materiais e simbólicos dos professores da rede estadual, dado o processo generalizado de desvalorização social da docência e ao lugar que esses professores ocupam no campo educacional. / This research investigates the objective conditions and the social determinants that allowed some teachers of São Paulos public education system to participated in the Bolsa Mestrado program. This program is part of the continued education policies offered by the Department of Education of São Paulo government in order to provide its members the opportunity to improve their knowledge and resulting in professional development. Although the program is presented as universal, opened to all 125 000 teachers of São Paulos public education system, less than 2% of them have enrolled. It shows that teachers disposal to participate in this program is based on specific conditions like, personal background, individuals personal dispositions, family influence and interpersonal relationship related to the environment theyre in. In attempt to understand this fact, the present work, with reference to Pierre Bourdieus theory, intends to investigate the characteristics of some teachers who participated in the program. This work also reveals in which conditions postgraduate studies became interest in teachers career and intend to understand the meanings of this experience for them by examining changes in their position in the educational system and relating these changes to master degree programs in Brazil. It is expected to identify the meaning of doing master degree. Through interviews with four teachers, all master\'s degree holders, who paticipated the program, it was established that the cultural capital amassed by each one of them throughout their careers resulted in specific relations between the knowledge and the will to continue studying. It can be observed that the master degree allowed teachers to establish strategies of distinction, achievement of symbolic capital and improvement in economic and cultural capital. However, these gains did not find resonance within the São Paulos public education system which does not create conditions for the teachers permanence in classrooms. This situation is aggravated by the limitations of material and symbolic gains, in a context of social devaluation of teacher expertise and of the positions these teachers occupy in the educational system.

While the benefits of analysing social networks within the wider humanities are becoming more accepted, very little work of this kind has been done in medieval studies. This thesis seeks to begin to fill this lacuna by considering the advantages of examining historical moments through the lens of ‘network’. Focusing on the later medieval world (in particular c.1300-1520), but also drawing on parallel evidence from the modern day, it demonstrates how the paradigm of ‘network’ allows a more nuanced reading of, predominantly literary, historical moments, which in turn reveals a deeper understanding of collective social thinking and behaviour. This new methodological approach is threefold, drawing on analytic tools from various disciplines. It blends historical contextual investigation with literary analysis, and frames the results in the sociological and anthropological theories of belonging, exchange, and play. The thesis is structured around four case studies, each of which demonstrates a particular form of network formation, and also shows how far these networks reflect their respective cultural milieus and influences. Three medieval chapters focus on what I term ‘literary networks’, a concept ripe for network analysis thanks to the highly participatory nature of medieval literature, and thus theoretically comparable to modern networks based around information exchange. Across the thesis, instances of formal, informal, and virtual networks are considered from medieval France and England, as well as the twenty-first century West. This combination of interdisciplinary method and structure allows innovative new readings of underappreciated sources, whilst also highlighting a transhistorical continuum of universal appeals to social networks: namely, the satisfaction of the human need to belong, the facilitation of competitive play, and the opportunity to acquire social capital and build reputations. This investigative synthesis between medieval material and more modern network evidence reveals that, while realised through unrecognisably altered technologies and experiencing some resultant disruptions, these fundamental appeals of social network membership, in part, remain constant between the two periods.

Diploma thesis is focused on social stratification aspects of internet use, as a part of leisure time activities and consequently as a potential part of cultural capital. The main objective of this paper is to make a link between Bourdieusian tradition of research of cultural capital and research tradition of stratification aspects of internet use (especially digital divide). The author is trying to prove if the type of internet usage could be considered as a part of cultural capital. In the first, theoretical part of this text, the author is presenting both research traditions concerned, trying to synthetize them and concluding that internet usage can be considered as a capital. In the second, analytical part of this paper, the author is using data from World Internet Project to provide, that the theoretical synthesis have some empirical support. The analysis proves that the structure of Czech internet users' activities are differentiated by their cultural capital level. On the basis of this analysis, we can conclude that more powerful differentiation between types of internet usages is provided by traditional form of cultural capital, rather than by the emerging one. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Under början av 2000-talet stod musikbranschen inför några svåra år när fildelning blev allt vanligare och försäljningen av CD-skivor sjönk kraftigt. Denna uppsats undersöker vad som hände med musikbranschen efter denna kris och hur musikbranschen som fält ser ut idag. Detta undersöks utifrån Pierre Bourdieus teorier om det kulturella fältet och olika former av kapital samt Emma Stenströms teori om att vi rör oss i en ny kulturekonomi. Genom att lyssna på podcastserier från Sveriges Radio och DMG Education med fokus på musikbranschen utfördes en innehållsanalys som genererade fyra teman; krisen, musikbranschens demokratisering, image och pengar. Krisen uppkom som en konsekvens av digitaliseringen av musikindustrin. Denna digitalisering har ändrat förutsättningarna och strukturen för musikbranschen som fält. Skivbolagens maktposition är inte längre lika stor och streamingföretaget Spotify har snabbt stigit till att bli en av de dominerande aktörerna inom fältet. Artistens maktposition har även förstärkts, något som inom fältet beskrivs som demokratiseringen av musikbranschen. Krisen har även lett till att det blivit allt mer accepterat för artisterna att tjäna pengar och samarbeta med den kommersiella sektorn vilket tidigare inte vara lika accepterat. / In the beginning of the 20th century the music industry went into a crisis when file sharing became more common and at the same time the sale of the CD dropped. This thesis tries to examine what happened with the music industry in Sweden after this crisis and tries to identify the key actors in the field today. This will be illustrated through Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of the cultural field and different forms of capital as well as Emma Stenströms theory of the culture economy. A content analysis was made by listening to podcast series from Sveriges Radio and DMG Education covering the music industry, which generated four themes; the crisis, the democratisation of the music industry, image and money. The crisis emerged as a consequence of the digitalization of the music industry. This digitization has changed the structure and qualifications that constructs the field. The record companies power position is no longer as great and the streaming company Spotify have rapidly risen to become a dominating actor within the field. Even the artists power position has become greater, something that within the field has been described as the democratization of the music industry. It has become more acceptable for the artist to earn money after the crisis and cooperation with the commercial industry are at large more approved of. This goes against the previous position of the field where economic success was secondary to cultural values.

The aim of this thesis is to analyse the motivation and preferences of classical music concert attendees on the basis of the authors own quantitative and qualitative research, and to formulate the results into strategic recommendations for the management of music organisations that are looking to address the problem of low or decreasing attendance. Four important Prague-based ensembles - the Czech Philharmonic, the Prague Philharmonic Orchestra, the Prague Radio Symphony Orchestra, and the FOK Prague Symphony Orchestra participated in the questionnaire survey, and a total of 1218 respondents across the four organizations served as the subject of analysis. The theme is interdisciplinary, and this works contribution to the field of music management is also summarized and connected to knowledge from other fields - marketing, dramaturgy, sociology, and particularly psychology, from which Csíkszentmihályis concept of a fully concentrated experience, called flow, is crucial. Statistical testing has confirmed the elementary premise of this work: The concert attendee who usually experiences flow during a classical music concert tends to attend concerts more often than others. The existence of a relationship between the audiences cultural capital (represented by musical education) and flow has also been confirmed. Furthermore, a relationship between genre preferences and flow has been found. In summary, a managerial strategic orientation on facilitating flow to concert attendants can significantly contribute to solving the problem of concert attendance.

Title: To keep yourself to unwritten rules: Military womens experiences in an organization of male dominationAuthor: Frida Linehagen The Swedish Armed Forces have traditionally been exclusively male, and risking life defending the country against the military attack by a foreign power has always been a privilege of a man. Over the last thirty-seven years the defence of our nation has become a shared responsibility between men and women. The Swedish Armed Forces has failed to fully integrate women into the organization. This is the reason why it is interesting to look into the issue taking into consideration the fact that there is still a significant gender imbalance today and plenty of room for progress remains. The purpose of the study is first and foremost to create the understanding of the experience the female military personnel bring to the organisation, their abilities and how they perform in the realm dominated by men. Interviews have been chosen as a method for the study. Nine women of the Swedish Armed Forces were interviewed. The data was analyzed in light of Pierre Bourdieus theoretical concepts Cultural capital, Field, Habitus, Masculine domination and the related Symbolic violence. The result of the study shows that the society puts demands to increase the equality between men and women in organizations where men dominate. At the same time the Armed Forces show inability and reluctance to address to the issue and create opportunities in order to bridge the gender gap. Women develop strategies not only to be able to contribute to the organisation they work for but also to advance in their military profession, to fit and rise to the top. For women in service it is a delicate balancing act between remaining a female and being fully accepted as a professional partner in the manly military culture.

Accompanied DVD with printed record / In this dissertation, I explore music styles from Tshianzwane village in HaMakuya, in the Limpopo Province of South Africa, particularly malende, tshigombela, and children‘s songs. I consider the music styles as embedded in their extra-musical physical structure and abstractions; social rituals; frame of reference; forms of habitus; social order; cultural capital; social meanings, behaviour, power hierarchy, status, space, agency, institutions; formal-informal education and means; symbols; musical instruments; dance; religion; ancestor worship; traditional health practice; norms and values; mentorship and rites of passage. I further explore how and why music performers and other cultural patterns at Tshianzwane interpenetrate with each other and their living space through social roles; demonstration-imitation learning method; enculturation; dialectics of normative-interpretive, embodiment-hexis or cues, internalizationexternalization, surface-deep structure, conscious-unconscious level, qualitativequantitative understanding of music styles and genres and local-foreign context; means of communication; reinterpretation and redefinition of concepts. In conclusion, I consider how people and cultural patterns at Tshianzwane, through interpenetration, form progressing and changing social web; social connections; attachments; trance; state of flux in cultural patterns; synthesis of cultural patterns; embedded contexts; shared culture and resultant cultural patterns. Since cultural patterns, as a result of interpenetration, reflect each other, I point out the challenges in socio-spatial mapping of forms of habitus and cultural patterns. In my dissertation, I use John Blacking‘s work as my primary theoretical framework. Furthermore, I use Pierre Bourdieu‘s theoretical framework, and Hugh Tracey‘s and David Dargie‘s audio CDs on African tribal music to enrich my theoretical ground. I collected my field data at Tshianzwane in collaboration with Joseph Morake and Ignatia Madalane (students), Dr Susan Harrop-Allin (supervisor), Samson Netshifhefhe, Obert Ramashia, Paul Munyai and Musiwalo (informants). / M. Mus. / Art History, Visual Arts and Musicology

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El presente estudio cualitativo analiza como el capital cultural influye en desarrollo de la filmografía de cineastas regionales en el Perú. Se investigó como el capital cultural, en específico el proveniente de las instituciones educativas, facilita o limita el acceso a la realización de películas que llegan a recibir reconocimientos a nivel nacional e internacional por parte de cineastas nacidos en las regiones del Perú, a excepción de la capital metropolitana, Lima. La información obtenida se dio a través de seis participantes mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas. Entre ellos, se encuentran directores de cine que han realizado cortometrajes o largometrajes y han participado en espacios de formación fuera de sus regiones de nacimiento. Los resultados muestran que el capital cultural obtenido producto de la formación universitaria y relacionada al ámbito cinematográfico constituyen tanto posibilidades como barreras para el desarrollo de la filmografía. Asimismo, se encontraron que existen experiencias diferenciadas en el acceso al capital cultural institucionalizado que condiciona las diferentes oportunidades de reconocimiento a lo largo de su filmografía. / This qualitative study analyzes how cultural capital influences the development of the filmography of regional filmmakers in Peru. It was investigated how cultural capital, specifically that from educational institutions, facilitates or limits access to the making of films that receive national and international recognition by filmmakers born in the regions of Peru, with the exception of the metropolitan capital, Lima. The information obtained was given through six participants through semi-structured interviews. Among them are film directors who have made short or feature films and have participated in training spaces outside their regions of birth. The results show that the cultural capital obtained as a result of higher education and training related to the cinematographic field constitute both possibilities and barriers for the development of filmography. Likewise, it was found that there are different experiences in accessing institutionalized cultural capital that conditions the different opportunities for recognition throughout their filmography. / Tesis

The main purpose of this thesis is to recognize the entrepreneurial identity of femaleartists today in Greece, as portrayed from their accounts on Instagram. This study uses aquantitative method to examine the ways in which artists become digital and culturalentrepreneurs. The results reveal that cultural and digital entrepreneurial identity is evidentthrough entrepreneurial marketing by female artists in Greece. The findings can also supportfuture research on the digitization of art and the entrepreneurial activities and marketingstrategies from the art world in Greece.The proposed research question of this study refers to the ways in which Greek femaleartists act as digital and cultural entrepreneurs on Instagram. The study is based on a specificsample of female artists in Greece who use Instagram to project and promote their artworks.In doing so, there are samples of entrepreneurial marketing which indicate that beside theirrole as artists they act as entrepreneurs and they are heading towards a social impact on the artworld in Greece.The “4Ps” of marketing mix were used as a method for collecting data from Instagramaccounts while for the analysis a code book was created, in order to interpret the collecteddata. The findings of this research were able to confirm that the traditional marketing mixapplies to the accounts of the five artists and also can be used in a digital and cultural context.One main limitation of this study was the number of accounts included in the research, aswell as the weaknesses of content analysis as a method itself. However, the findings can shedlight in the area of female entrepreneurship in Greece and valuable insights in how the “4Ps”of marketing can be applied in a modern context. Additionally, this research can be used as astarting point for further research on female entrepreneurship and for the application ofvarious research methods on the subject.