The study aims to uncover social workers understandings of substance use (SU) among people with intellectual disabilities (ID) and ways in which social work with this group should be carried out.  Previous research has asserted that people with ID use drugs to a lesser extent, and therefore experience less drug related issues in general compared to the general popuation. However, people with ID experience more severe consequences from SU than others. Evidence for specific methods for working with this group is scarce.  The theoretical framework for this thesis is first based in the social model of disability. This enables the use of Goffmans symbolic interactionism with an emphesis on his theories of social roles. The last piece to the theoretical framework is cooperation theory which assists in analysing the themes of issues in cooperation that professionals express.  The thesis is carried out through semi-structured interviews with 6 interviewees, chosen through a combination of strategic- and snowball selection methods. The results are analysed thematically. Three main themes emerge from the empirical data: social factors, matters of cooperation between professionals and their organizations and communication styles between professionals and people with ID.  The main findings of the thesis is first: that Swedish research on the topic is practically non-exictent. Second: that effective methods are developed by professionals such as writing and drawing to enhance communication and that this knowledge is not transferred and expanded upon. Third: that professionals view SU among people with ID as caused by a need for social inclusion which they get from SU. / Undersökningen syftar till att ådagalägga socialarbetares förståelse av drogbruk bland personer med intellektuellt funktionshinder (IF) och hur socialt arbete med denna målgrupp bör utföras.  Tidigare forskning har visat att personer med IF använder droger i lägre grad, och därför erfar mindre drogrelaterade problem än befolkningen i övrigt. Personer med IF erfar dock allvarligare konsekvenser av sitt drogbruk än andra. Forskningsunderlaget för behandlingsmetoder är tunnsått.  Uppsatsens teoretiska utgångspunkter börjar i det sociala funktionshinderbegreppet som möjliggör användandet av Goffmans symboliska interaktionism med fokus på hans teori om sociala roller och masker. Slutligen används samverkansteori för att analysera samverkansrelaterade problem som framkommer i socialarbetares utsagor.  Undersökningen utförs som semistrukturerade intervjuer med 6 intervjupersoner som valts i kombinerad strategisk urvalsprocess och snöbollsurval. Empirin analyseras sedan tematiskt.  Tre huvudsakliga teman framkommer i empirin: sociala faktorer, samverkan mellan organisationer och professionella och kommunikation mellan professionella och personer med IF. Uppsatsen kommer fram till tre slutsatser. 1: Att svesnk forskning på ämnet saknas. 2: Att effektiva metoder för att arbeta med målgruppen så som att ritprata utvecklas i verksamheter men att denna kunskap inte förs vidare i organisationer över tid eller mellan organisationer och att denna kunskap behöver tas till vara och vidareutvecklas till arbetsmetoder. 3: Att socialarbetare ser drogbruk bland personer med IF som en konsekevens av ett behov av social tillhörighet.

The design of a drug rehabilitation center for women with children incorporated the treatment theories of therapeutic communities. At the time this center was designed, only two facilities of this type were in use specifically for women. The Washington metropolitan area was in need of such a treatment program for women. Three architectural concepts were studied which were appropriate for this type of facility: threshold, community and natural light. Threshold became a symbol for change. The development of a small community within was the unifying concept for this project. Natural light was developed as an important element which is a healing medicine for the psychological and mental health of a person. Society needs to deal with the problem of drugs and the hold they take on people. It is no longer responsible for us to turn our heads from this affliction. Facilities such as the one developed in this thesis will help mothers overcome their addictions, while obtaining some family cohesion. The children that are able to participate with their mothers will hopefully avoid the same mistakes their own mothers made. One day they may grow up to become responsible, contributing parents and citizens. / Master of Architecture

Цель исследования: разработка новых технологических подходов ресоциализации людей, имеющих опыт употребления ПАВ с использованием творческого потенциала личности. В первой главе представлена характеристика российской молодежи, имеющей опыт употребления ПАВ, сущность ресоциализации молодежи, имеющей опыт употребления ПАВ, основные этапы и особенности ресоциализации, анализ научных теорий, рассматривается отечественный опыт ресоциализации. Во второй главе представлены методы ресоциализации людей, имеющих опыт употребления ПАВ, которые могут быть реализованы в Свердловской области, на основании изучения объективных и субъективных показателей эффективности методов активизации творческого потенциала в процессе ресоциализации, предложены решения в адрес организаций, занимающихся ресоциализацией молодежи Свердловской области, имеющей опыт потребления ПАВ через технологию повышения уровня ресоциализации с использованием творческого потенциала личности. На основании исследования среди 86 человек из числа молодежи, имеющей опыт употребления ПАВ, представлен анализ творческих мероприятий, проанализировано внедрение 13 видов творчества, разработана программа ресоциализации. Структура магистерской диссертации «Технология повышения ресоциализации молодежи, имеющей опыт употребления психоактивных веществ с использованием творческого потенциала» соответствует заявленной цели и поставленным задачам и включает в себя: введение, две главы, заключение, список использованных источников и литературы, приложения. Объем работы составил 98 страниц. В работе содержатся 5 приложений, 10 таблиц. В библиографическом списке представлено 67 источников. / Purpose of the scientific research: to develop new technological approaches to the resocialization of people who have experience using psychoactive substances using the creative potential of the individual. The first chapter presents the characteristics of Russian youth who have experience using substances, the essence of resocialization of youth who have experience using substances, the main stages and features of resocialization, an analysis of scientific theories, and examines the domestic experience of resocialization. The second chapter presents methods of resocialization of people with experience in the use of surfactants, which can be implemented in the Sverdlovsk region, based on the study of objective and subjective indicators of the effectiveness of methods of activating creative potential in the process of resocialization, solutions are proposed to organizations engaged in the resocialization of young people in the Sverdlovsk region who have experience in the use of surfactants through technology to increase the level of resocialization using the creative potential of the individual. Based on a study among 86 young people with experience in the use of surfactants, an analysis of creative activities is presented, the introduction of 13 types of creativity is analyzed, and a program of re-socialization is developed. The structure of the master's thesis "Technology for increasing the resocialization of young people with experience in using psychoactive substances using creative potential" corresponds to the stated goal and objectives and includes: introduction, two chapters, conclusion, list of sources and literature used, appendices. The volume of work was 98 pages. The work contains 5 appendices and 10 tables. The bibliographic list contains 67 sources.

Drug abuse is becoming an increasing problem in Kenya. A number of studies carried out in the country show that almost every Kenyan youngster at one time or another experiments with drugs, especially beer and cigarettes. The major cause of concern is that a significant proportion of these young people eventually get addicted posing a threat to their own health and safety, while creating difficulties for their families and the public at large into difficulties. This study sought to establish the current trend of drug abuse among students in Kenyan secondary schools, and to analyze the strategies used to address the problem. The ultimate aim was to propose a programme for prevention and intervention. The study is a descriptive survey. In view of this, the field survey method was adopted to collect quantitative and qualitative data, using questionnaires and interviews. Both qualitative and quantitative approaches were used in data analysis, thus there was a mixed model research design approach to data analysis. The analysis of structured items was mainly done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The key findings from the study were that drug abuse among students is common; both boys and girls have abused drugs with the majority being in boys‟ schools; the greatest ratio of drug abusers to non-abusers among the sampled schools are aged between 20 and 22 years; there is a significant relationship between drug abuse and age, use of drugs by other family members and easy access to drugs. A variety of factors contribute to drug abuse with the majority of students citing curiosity, acceptance by peers and ignorance as to the dangers of drug abuse as the main reasons. Both the school administrators and teachers face a number of challenges in an attempting to curb drug abuse in schools. The study makes a number of recommendations for policy and further research. A number of guidelines are proposed for developing a programme for prevention and intervention. / Educational Studies / D. Ed. (Socio-Education)

Universally it has been reported that the fundamental change in or breakdown of traditional patterns of family living is a major cause of juvenile crime around the world. Researchers argue althought sequential violence may originate from certain important social and historical conditions - substance abuse primarily fules the cycle of violence. The major causes of delinquency in various countries are related to each nation's economic and social environment. The present study took place in the Correctional Services of the Boland Overberg region. The study aimed to examine the impact of risk factors (environmental conditions) and it's contribution to substance abuse and to determine how these risk factors and the prevalance of substance abuse contributes to criminality.

by Chung Yee-ha, Ida. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 313-326). / Abstract and questionnaire also in Chinese. / Acknowledgments --- p.i / Abstract (English version) --- p.ii-iii / Abstract (Chinese version) --- p.iv / Chapter Chapter 1: --- Introduction --- p.1-9 / Chapter Chapter 2: --- The Addiction Profile in Hong Kong --- p.10-28 / Chapter Chapter 3: --- Literature Review --- p.29-94 / Chapter Chapter 4: --- Research Questions and Hypotheses --- p.95-104 / Chapter Chapter 5: --- Methodology --- p.105-119 / Chapter Chapter 6: --- Results --- p.120-185 / Chapter Chapter 7: --- Discussion --- p.186-238 / Chapter Chapter 8: --- Summary and Conclusions --- p.239-250 / Appendix A: A Summary of the Local Studies on Adolescent Drug Abuse 251 - --- p.268 / Appendix B: Questionnaire (Chinese version) --- p.269-289 / Appendix C: Revised Reasons Scale (Chinese version) --- p.290-292 / Appendix D: Questionnaire (English version) --- p.293-310 / Appendix E: Revised Reasons Scale (English version) --- p.311-312 / References --- p.313-326

The purpose of this study is to see if all the special circumstances, extra classes, and parenting aspects of a treatment program are effective for pregnant substance abusing women. This study also explored the factors that contributed to the perceived satisfaction and effectiveness of the clients enrolled in a drug and alcohol treatment program.

Universally it has been reported that the fundamental change in or breakdown of traditional patterns of family living is a major cause of juvenile crime around the world. Researchers argue althought sequential violence may originate from certain important social and historical conditions - substance abuse primarily fules the cycle of violence. The major causes of delinquency in various countries are related to each nation's economic and social environment. The present study took place in the Correctional Services of the Boland Overberg region. The study aimed to examine the impact of risk factors (environmental conditions) and it's contribution to substance abuse and to determine how these risk factors and the prevalance of substance abuse contributes to criminality.

Drug abuse is becoming an increasing problem in Kenya. A number of studies carried out in the country show that almost every Kenyan youngster at one time or another experiments with drugs, especially beer and cigarettes. The major cause of concern is that a significant proportion of these young people eventually get addicted posing a threat to their own health and safety, while creating difficulties for their families and the public at large into difficulties. This study sought to establish the current trend of drug abuse among students in Kenyan secondary schools, and to analyze the strategies used to address the problem. The ultimate aim was to propose a programme for prevention and intervention. The study is a descriptive survey. In view of this, the field survey method was adopted to collect quantitative and qualitative data, using questionnaires and interviews. Both qualitative and quantitative approaches were used in data analysis, thus there was a mixed model research design approach to data analysis. The analysis of structured items was mainly done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The key findings from the study were that drug abuse among students is common; both boys and girls have abused drugs with the majority being in boys‟ schools; the greatest ratio of drug abusers to non-abusers among the sampled schools are aged between 20 and 22 years; there is a significant relationship between drug abuse and age, use of drugs by other family members and easy access to drugs. A variety of factors contribute to drug abuse with the majority of students citing curiosity, acceptance by peers and ignorance as to the dangers of drug abuse as the main reasons. Both the school administrators and teachers face a number of challenges in an attempting to curb drug abuse in schools. The study makes a number of recommendations for policy and further research. A number of guidelines are proposed for developing a programme for prevention and intervention. / Educational Studies / D. Ed. (Socio-Education)

This study examined the impact and extent to which drugs and alcohol, consumed by mothers prenatally and perinatally, has affected their capacity to attach to their children. It examined the role the dependent variables measured (i.e. drug(s)/substance(s) abused, demographic information) played in the attachment process. Data was collected from mothers currently participating in the perinatal substance abuse treatment at the San Bernardino County Rialto program.