O trincamento por fadiga é um dos principais mecanismos de deterioração dos pavimentos flexíveis e, mesmo assim, é, ainda hoje, um dos defeitos mais difíceis de serem controlados. Uma das alternativas para a melhoria das características de fadiga das misturas asfálticas é o emprego de ligantes asfálticos modificados, porém, há dúvida se o enrijecimento provocado pela adição dos modificadores pode influenciar a resistência à fadiga da mistura asfáltica. Com o intuito de mensurar características do ligante asfáltico que tenham relação com o trincamento por fadiga da mistura asfáltica, alguns ensaios de laboratório foram desenvolvidos recentemente, destacando-se dois: o ensaio de varredura de tempo (time sweep) e o ensaio de varredura de amplitude linear (LAS). O objetivo deste trabalho é caracterizar o comportamento à fadiga de 12 ligantes asfálticos modificados de mesmo grau de desempenho (PG 76-xx). As formulações CAP+PPA, CAP+SBS, CAP+SBS+PPA, CAP+Borracha, CAP+Borracha+PPA, CAP+PE, CAP+PE+PPA, CAP+EVA, CAP+EVA+PPA, CAP+SBR, CAP+SBR+PPA e CAP+Elvaloy+PPA foram preparadas tendo como base um ligante asfáltico 50/70 de classificação PG 64-xx. Com base na caracterização realizada neste estudo, as principais conclusões são: (a) o material que apresentou melhor vida de fadiga foi o CAP+EVA; (b) o material menos sensível à deformação foi o CAP puro; (c) o menos sensível à temperatura foi o CAP+PPA; (d) o efeito do PPA nos ligantes asfálticos com outros aditivos provocou diminuição da vida de fadiga para a maioria das formulações, aumento da sensibilidade aos níveis de deformação para todas as formulações, diminuição da sensibilidade à temperatura e aumento da sensibilidade ao envelhecimento para a maioria das formulações; (e) tomando por base o ordenamento final das melhores características à fadiga dos ligantes asfálticos segundo os parâmetros analisados, o CAP+Borracha apresenta o melhor desempenho global / Fatigue cracking is a major mechanism of deterioration of flexible pavements, and even then, it is still one of the defects that are more difficult to control. One alternative to improve fatigue characteristics of asphalt mixtures is the use of modified asphalt binders; however, there is no doubt that the stiffening caused by the addition of modifiers can influence the fatigue resistance of asphalt mixture. In order to measure characteristics of asphalt binders that are related to the fatigue cracking of asphalt mixture, some laboratory tests have been recently developed such as the time sweep and the linear amplitude sweep (LAS) test. The objective of this study is to characterize the fatigue behavior of 12 modified asphalt binders with the same high-temperature performance grade (PG 76-xx). The formulations AC+PPA, AC+SBS, AC+SBS+PPA, AC+Rubber, AC+Rubber+PPA, AC+PE, AC+PE+PPA, AC+EVA, AC+EVA+PPA, AC+SBR, AC+SBR+PPA and AC+Elvaloy+PPA were prepared with a 50/70 base asphalt binder graded as PG 64-xx in the Superpave specification. Based on the characterization made in this study, the main conclusions are the following: (a) the material that showed better fatigue life was the AC+EVA; (b) the material that is less sensitive to deformation was the neat AC; (c) the less sensitive one to temperature was the AC+PPA; (d) the effect of PPA in asphalt binders prepared with other additives caused a reduction in the fatigue life for many formulations, an increase in the sensitivity levels of deformation for all formulations, a reduction in the sensitivity to temperature and an increase in the sensitivity to aging for several formulations; (e) on the final ranking of the characteristics of asphalt binders according to the parameters analyzed in this research study, the AC+Rubber showed the best overall performance

O trincamento por fadiga é um dos principais mecanismos de deterioração dos pavimentos flexíveis e, mesmo assim, é, ainda hoje, um dos defeitos mais difíceis de serem controlados. Uma das alternativas para a melhoria das características de fadiga das misturas asfálticas é o emprego de ligantes asfálticos modificados, porém, há dúvida se o enrijecimento provocado pela adição dos modificadores pode influenciar a resistência à fadiga da mistura asfáltica. Com o intuito de mensurar características do ligante asfáltico que tenham relação com o trincamento por fadiga da mistura asfáltica, alguns ensaios de laboratório foram desenvolvidos recentemente, destacando-se dois: o ensaio de varredura de tempo (time sweep) e o ensaio de varredura de amplitude linear (LAS). O objetivo deste trabalho é caracterizar o comportamento à fadiga de 12 ligantes asfálticos modificados de mesmo grau de desempenho (PG 76-xx). As formulações CAP+PPA, CAP+SBS, CAP+SBS+PPA, CAP+Borracha, CAP+Borracha+PPA, CAP+PE, CAP+PE+PPA, CAP+EVA, CAP+EVA+PPA, CAP+SBR, CAP+SBR+PPA e CAP+Elvaloy+PPA foram preparadas tendo como base um ligante asfáltico 50/70 de classificação PG 64-xx. Com base na caracterização realizada neste estudo, as principais conclusões são: (a) o material que apresentou melhor vida de fadiga foi o CAP+EVA; (b) o material menos sensível à deformação foi o CAP puro; (c) o menos sensível à temperatura foi o CAP+PPA; (d) o efeito do PPA nos ligantes asfálticos com outros aditivos provocou diminuição da vida de fadiga para a maioria das formulações, aumento da sensibilidade aos níveis de deformação para todas as formulações, diminuição da sensibilidade à temperatura e aumento da sensibilidade ao envelhecimento para a maioria das formulações; (e) tomando por base o ordenamento final das melhores características à fadiga dos ligantes asfálticos segundo os parâmetros analisados, o CAP+Borracha apresenta o melhor desempenho global / Fatigue cracking is a major mechanism of deterioration of flexible pavements, and even then, it is still one of the defects that are more difficult to control. One alternative to improve fatigue characteristics of asphalt mixtures is the use of modified asphalt binders; however, there is no doubt that the stiffening caused by the addition of modifiers can influence the fatigue resistance of asphalt mixture. In order to measure characteristics of asphalt binders that are related to the fatigue cracking of asphalt mixture, some laboratory tests have been recently developed such as the time sweep and the linear amplitude sweep (LAS) test. The objective of this study is to characterize the fatigue behavior of 12 modified asphalt binders with the same high-temperature performance grade (PG 76-xx). The formulations AC+PPA, AC+SBS, AC+SBS+PPA, AC+Rubber, AC+Rubber+PPA, AC+PE, AC+PE+PPA, AC+EVA, AC+EVA+PPA, AC+SBR, AC+SBR+PPA and AC+Elvaloy+PPA were prepared with a 50/70 base asphalt binder graded as PG 64-xx in the Superpave specification. Based on the characterization made in this study, the main conclusions are the following: (a) the material that showed better fatigue life was the AC+EVA; (b) the material that is less sensitive to deformation was the neat AC; (c) the less sensitive one to temperature was the AC+PPA; (d) the effect of PPA in asphalt binders prepared with other additives caused a reduction in the fatigue life for many formulations, an increase in the sensitivity levels of deformation for all formulations, a reduction in the sensitivity to temperature and an increase in the sensitivity to aging for several formulations; (e) on the final ranking of the characteristics of asphalt binders according to the parameters analyzed in this research study, the AC+Rubber showed the best overall performance

This dissertation presents the results of research undertaken for the characterization of bitumen and mastic which are constituents of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA). The results of a large number of Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) tests performed in the Laboratory of the Institute for Pavement Engineering at the TU Dresden form the background material for this work. The major objectives of this PhD research work were to gain a fundamental understanding about the mechanical behaviour of bitumen and mastic. The DSR tests undertaken included frequency sweeps for rheological behaviour, single stress creep recovery test (SSCR) for permanent deformation behaviour, Dresden cryogenic test (DDCT) for low temperature performance and fatigue testing with column cylindrical specimen. Selected tests were carried out on bitumen and mastic also to investigate the sensitivity of the materials to ageing. The frequency sweep data was also modelled using an appropriate rheological model to derive rheological data over a large frequency and temperature range. Based on the tests conducted, particular chosen parameters calculated were synthesized into a performance diagram which was developed within the framework of the dissertation. This was the main outcome of the PhD research work, which allows for optimum bitumen and mastic selection and ranking in terms of overall performance and specific desired criteria. Since this dissertation is a cumulative dissertation, it has been divided into three distinct parts. The first part forms a framework of the research undertaken and justifies the need and use of the dissertation in the future, along with explaining the test procedures in detail and resulting performance diagram developed using the data of three bitumen of the same penetration grade. The main part involves the published research – four journal papers and one chapter published in conference proceedings. The first paper uses the method developed to study one base bitumen and corresponding mastics with Limestone, Dolomite, Rhyolite and Granodiorite fillers. Other than understanding how fillers influence different mechanical properties, a main finding was that the specific surface area of the filler was the most sensitive parameter affecting the mechanical response of the mastics. Also, it was observed that the mastic prepared with Granodiorite filler showed the best fatigue and rutting resistance for this particular bitumen. Hence, the procedure could help identifying optimum filler-bitumen relations in advance. The second paper was about crumb rubber modified bitumen. This involved the study of four materials – one base bitumen and two different types of crumb rubber added different proportions. The results indicated an improvement in all performance-related properties by crumb rubber addition in bitumen and further allowing the ranking of materials. The third paper studied the feasibility of recycling a waste Ceramic powder as a filler alternative and it was found to have more superior performance than the commonly used Limestone filler. The fourth paper considers how addition of one filler, Limestone, to three differently-sourced bitumen of the same grade affects the properties of mastics. This study further emphasises the need to study mastics and predetermine the optimum filler-bitumen combinations that could avoid long-term maintenance costs. The fifth paper emphasises the need to move from current empirical testing to more specialised testing for bitumen by presenting different performance based results for three commonly used bitumen of penetration grade 50/70 that showed significant differences in the performance parameters. The third part of the dissertation is an additional section that includes the paper that was submitted to a journal and is currently in the second round of reviews under review. This paper studies fatigue behaviour of bitumen at different temperatures and frequencies using the Dissipated Energy (DE) approach. Fatigue functions were determined based on the relation between DE and the load cycle at failure. Based on these, a temperature was found to be a ‘frequency-free transition temperature’ for this bitumen as the failure lines at this temperature were overlapping at both frequencies tested. / Diese Dissertation präsentiert die Ergebnisse einer Forschungsarbeit zur Charakterisierung von Bitumen und Mastix, die als Bestandteil von Asphaltgemischen verwendet werden. Die Ergebnisse einer großen Anzahl von Dynamisches Scherrheometer (DSR) Versuche, die im Labor des Instituts für Stadtbauwesen und Straßenbau der TU Dresden durchgeführt wurden, bilden die Grundlage für diese Arbeit. Das Hauptziel dieser Dissertation bestanden darin, ein grundlegendes Verständnis über das mechanische Verhalten von Bitumen und Mastix zu gewinnen. Die durchgeführten DSR Versuche umfassten Frequenzsweeps für die Erfassung des rheologischen Verhaltens, Single Stress Creep Recovery Versuche (SSCR) für die Charakterisierung des permanenten Verformungsverhaltens, Dresden Cryogenic (DDCT) Versuche zur Erfassung des Verhaltes bei niedrigen Temperaturen und Ermüdungsversuche. Des Weiteren wurden ausgewählte Versuche am Bitumen und Mastix durchgeführt, um die Alterungsempfindlichkeit der Materialien zu untersuchen. Die Ergebnisse der Frequenzsweeps wurden ebenfalls mit einem geeigneten rheologischen Ansatz modelliert, um rheologische Charakteristiken über einen großen Frequenz- und Temperaturbereich abzuleiten. Schließlich wurde im Rahmen der Dissertation ein Performancediagramm für Bitumen und Mastix entwickelt. Auf der Grundlage der durchgeführten DSR-Versuche konnten Parameter für dieses Performancediagramm synthetisiert werden. Da es sich bei dieser Arbeit um eine kumulative Dissertation handelt, wurde erfolgte eine Aufgliederung in drei Teile. Der erste Teil der Arbeit umfasst eine Zusammenfassung der durchgeführten Forschungsarbeiten. Insbesondere werden die durchgeführten DSR Versuche detailliert erläutert und das entwickelte Performancediagramm am Beispiel von drei verschiedenen Bitumen 50/70 dargestellt. Der Hauptteil der Arbeit umfasst vier Veröffentlichungen in Fachzeitschriften sowie ein Konferenzbeitrag. Die erste Beitrag widmet sich der Untersuchung des Einflusses von verschiedenen Füllern (Kalkstein-, Dolomit-, Rhyolith- und Granodioritfüller) auf das Verhalten von Mastix unter Verwendung desselben Bitumens 50/70. Dabei hat sich gezeigt, dass die spezifische Oberfläche des Füllers der entscheidende Parameter ist, der das Verhalten von Mastix beeinflusst. Es wurde auch beobachtet, dass der mit Granodiorit-Füller hergestellte Mastix die beste Ermüdungs- und Spurrinnenbeständigkeit für dieses spezielle Bitumen zeigte. Daher könnte das in der Veröffentlichung vorgestellte Verfahren dazu beitragen, das optimale Verhältnis zwischen Füller und Bitumen im Voraus zu ermitteln. Die zweite Veröffentlichung befasst sich mit gummimodifiziertem Bitumen. Dabei wurden vier Materialien untersucht - ein Grundbitumen und zwei verschiedene Arten von Gummigranulaten mit unterschiedlichen Anteilen. Die Ergebnisse zeigten eine Verbesserung aller leistungsbezogenen Eigenschaften durch den Zusatz von Gummigranulat im Bitumen. Die dritte Veröffentlichung untersuchte die Eignung von Keramikmehl als Füller für Asphaltgemische. Dabei konnte festgestellt werden, dass dieser Keramikfüller zu besseren Eigenschaften des Mastix für das verwendete Bitumen im Vergleich zu einem Kalksteinfüller führt. Die vierte Veröffentlichung befasst sich hier mit der Frage, wie sich die Zugabe eines Füllers (Kalkstein-Füller) zu drei Bitumen unterschiedlicher Provenienz, jedoch derselben Sorte auf die Eigenschaften von Mastix auswirkt. Diese Studie unterstreicht weiter die Notwendigkeit, Mastix zu untersuchen um die optimalen Füller-Bitumen-Kombinationen zu bestimmen. Die fünfte Veröffentlichung betont die Notwendigkeit, von den derzeitigen empirischen Versuchen an Bitumen, wie z.B. Ring und Kugel Versuch zu performance-orientierten Versuchen für Bitumen überzugehen. Am Beispiel der Ergebnisse von DSR Versuchen an drei verschiedenen Bitumen 50/70 wird gezeigt, dass diese Bitumen sehr unterschiedliches mechanisches Verhalten aufweisen. Verdeutlicht wird dieser Sachverhalt in einem Performance-Diagramm, welches ausführlich in der Veröffentlichung diskutiert wird. Der dritte Teil der Dissertation beinhaltet eine Veröffentlichung, die bei Fachzeitschriften eingereicht wurde und sich derzeit im Review befindet. Zusätzlich wurde in dieser Arbeit das Ermüdungsverhalten von Bitumen bei verschiedenen Temperaturen und Frequenzen mit Hilfe des Dissipated Energy (DE)-Ansatzes untersucht. Die Versagenslinien wurden auf der Grundlage der Beziehung zwischen DE und der Lastwechselzahl beim Versagen entwickelt. Auf dieser Grundlage wurde eine Temperatur als 'frequenzfreie Übergangstemperatur' für dieses Bitumen ermittelt, da sich die Ermüdungsfunktionen bei dieser Temperatur bei beiden getesteten Frequenzen überlappen.

Potentielle Steuerreformen befinden sich regelmäßig auf der Tagesordnung der politischen Diskussion in Deutschland und Europa. Die erwarteten Aufkommens- und Verteilungswirkungen von Steuerreformen werden von Simulationsmodellen quantifiziert, die damit der politischen Entscheidungsunterstützung dienen. Bisherige Simulationsmodelle basieren auf makroökonomischen oder unternehmensindividuellen Daten und führen die Analyse für einen historischen Zeitraum oder für einzelne Länder durch. Vor diesem Hintergrund stellen die Beiträge dieser Dissertation das Design, die Implementierung und die Anwendung des Mikro-Simulationsmodells ASSERT dar. ASSERT basiert auf unkonsolidierten Jahresabschlussdaten sowie Beteiligungsbeziehungen europäischer Unternehmen, länderspezifischen Parameterdaten und berücksichtigt die nationalen Besteuerungsvorschriften der europäischen Länder. Die Simulation der zukünftigen Unternehmensentwicklung erlaubt eine vorwärtsgerichtete Analyse für mögliche nationale oder europäische Steuerreformszenarien unter Unsicherheit. Dabei werden Auswirkungen auf inländische und ausländische verbundene Unternehmen berücksichtigt. Das formale und steuerliche Design von ASSERT wird in Beitrag 1 erläutert. Die Anwendung von ASSERT erfolgt dann in Beitrag 2. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist die Quantifizierung der Auswirkungen möglicher Reformszenarien zur alternativen Besteuerung der ertragsteuerlichen Organschaft in Deutschland. Die Präsentation des Entwicklungsprozesses, des optimierten IT-Designs und der Implementierung ist Gegenstand von Beitrag 3. Zunächst wurde ASSERT für eine zeitnahe Realisierung funktionenorientiert konzipiert und realisiert. Nachfolgend wurde ein ganzheitliches Datenbankdesign und ein integriertes Programm-Paket erstellt, um Verbesserungen der Performance und der Wartbarkeit zu erzielen. Da zu erwarten ist, dass unternehmerische Entscheidungen durch Steuerreformen beeinflusst werden, werden in Beitrag 4 Verhaltensreaktionen in Bezug auf die Finanzierungsstruktur berücksichtigt und die resultierenden Zweitrundeneffekte für verschiedene Szenarien ermittelt. Die Modellierung der Zielkapitalstruktur erfolgt in Abhängigkeit des tariflichen, des marginalen Steuersatzes und weiteren Konzerncharakteristika.

Issue de la troncature de la dextrane-saccharase DSR-E, l’alpha-(1→2) transglucosidase recombinante GBD-CD2 catalyse à partir de saccharose le branchement de molécules acceptrices tels que les dextranes, les isomalto-oligosaccharides ou les gluco-oligosaccharides (GOS ; [6)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1→]n-alpha-D-Glcp-(1→4)-D-Glcp, avec 1<n<9). L’objet de cette étude a porté sur la compréhension des relations structure-activité de GBD-CD2 afin d’investiguer les facteurs structuraux responsables de la synthèse des liaisons osidiques de type alpha-(1→2). La troncature rationnelle du domaine de liaison au glucane (GBD) de l’enzyme GBD-CD2 (192 kDa) a abouti à l’isolement de trois formes tronquées actives, de masses moléculaires égales à 180, 147 et 123 kDa. Après purification de GBD-CD2 et de delta N123-GBD-CD2 (123 kDa), des études cinétiques ont permis de mettre en évidence que les enzymes présentent la même régiospécificité. L’activité d’hydrolyse du saccharose peut être modélisée par le modèle de Michaelis – Menten (kcat respectifs de 109 et 76 s-1). En présence de dextrane accepteur, ces enzymes sont activées. L’activité d’alpha-(1→2) glucosylation suit un modèle Ping Pong Bi Bi (kcat respectifs de 970 et 947 s-1). En modulant le ratio molaire entre le donneur d’unités glucosyle et l’accepteur de ces unités ([saccharose]/[dextrane]), il est possible de synthétiser des dextranes dont le pourcentage de liaisons alpha-(1→2) est contrôlé et varie de 10% à 40%. La caractérisation des produits de la réaction menée en présence de saccharose et de GOS a permis d’isoler et de caractériser pour la première fois des GOS arborant des unités glucosyle branchées en alpha-(1→2) sur les unités glucosyle adjacentes de la chaîne principale. Enfin, la résolution de la structure de delta N123-GBD-CD2 à 3,2 Å révèle que cette enzyme adopte le repliement original « en U » similaire à celui décrit pour GTF180-delta N. La comparaison des gorges catalytiques des deux dextrane-saccharases cristallisées apporte des éléments pouvant expliquer la régiospécificité singulière de delta N123-GBD-CD2, et ouvre la voie à des travaux de mutagenèse visant à investiguer le rôle de résidus potentiellement clés / GBD-CD2 is a recombinant alpha-(1→2) transglucosidase constructed by truncation of the DSR-E dextransucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1299. From sucrose, GBD-CD2 catalyses the alpha-(1→2) branching reaction onto acceptor molecules such as dextrans, isomalto-oligosaccharides or gluco-oligosaccharides (GOS; [6)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1→]n-alpha-D-Glcp-(1→4)-D-Glcp, 1<n<9). This work has been focused on structure activity relationship studies. Rational truncations of the glucan binding domain (GBD) led to the expression in E. coli of three active enzymes, showing molecular masses of 180, 147 and 123 kDa. After purification of the recombinant GBD-CD2 and delta N123-GBD-CD2, we showed that both enzymes display the same regiospecificity. Steady-state kinetics revealed that the activity of sucrose hydrolysis displays a Michaelis Menten type of kinetics (kcat 109 s-1 and 76 s-1, respectively). In the presence of dextran acceptor, these enzymes are activated. The alpha-(1→2) transglucosidase activity from sucrose onto dextrans was modelled by a Ping Pong Bi Bi mechanism (kcat 970 s-1 and 947 s-1, respectively). When varying the molar ratio between the glucosyl donor and the acceptor ([sucrose]/[dextran]), the percentage of alpha-(1→2) linkages in dextrans can be controlled from 10% to 40%. Additionally, from reactions in the presence of GOS and sucrose, we isolated and characterized new alpha-(1→2) branched GOS with contiguous alpha-(1→2) branchings along linear GOS chains. Finally, the X-ray structure of delta N123-GBD-CD2 at 3.2 Å resolution revealed that this enzyme has a very original “U folding” similar to that described for GTF180-delta N. Study of the residues lining the catalytic gorges of the two crystallized enzymes revealed the structural determinants possibly involved in the singular regiospecificity of delta N123-GBD-CD2. Our work opens the way to mutagenesis work for discovering key structural determinants of delta N123-GBD-CD2

Sensemaking is often associated with processing large or complex amount of data obtained from diverse and distributed sources. Sensemaking enables leaders to have a better grasp of what the data represents and what insights they can get from it. Thus, sensemaking is considered extremely important in mature markets where the competition is fierce. To-date, the research base on sensemaking has not moved far from the conceptual realm, however. In response, this research provides a conceptual framework that explains the core processes of sensemaking - noticing, interpretation and action - and examines how emerging technologies such as Social Network Analysis (SNA) and Machine Learning (ML) techniques help to enhance the human sensemaking process in generating valuable insights during data analysis. Design Science Research (DSR) is adopted as a research methodology in the context of financial transactional data analysis, aiming to make sense of the data while exploring conceptions of customer value for a mainstream commercial bank alongside the perceived need for banking products. Three analytical models are introduced, examining Connected Customer Lifetime Value (CCLV), Network Relationship Equity (NRE) and product purchasing frequency based on customer 'personas'. The former models employ SNA techniques in providing novelty, the latter combines the outcomes of SNA with ML clustering algorithms to provide a base on which product holdings and purchase frequency analysis are overlaid - providing a novel form of recommendation. Ongoing evaluation of the developed models is used to explore the nuances of the sensemaking process and the ability of such models to support that process (in the given domain).

<p>Now a day, one of the most attractive research topics in the area of Intelligent Traffic Control is </p><p>Inter-vehicle communication (V2V communication). In V2V communication, a vehicle can </p><p>communicate to its neighbouring vehicles even in the absence of a central Base Station. The </p><p>concept of this direct communication is to send vehicle safety messages one-to-one or one-to- </p><p>many vehicles via wireless connection. Such messages are usually short in length and have very </p><p>short lifetime in which they must reach the destination. The Inter-vehicle communication system </p><p>is an ad-hoc network with high mobility and changing number of nodes, where mobile nodes </p><p>dynamically create temporary sensor networks and transferring messages from one network to </p><p>others by using multiple hops due to limitation of short range. </p><p> </p><p>The goal of the project is to investigate some basic research questions in order to organize such </p><p>sensor networks and at the same time highlight the appropriate routing protocol that support </p><p>mobile ad hoc networks in an efficient and reliable manner. </p><p> </p><p>In our investigation, we have answered the technical issues in order to construct a V2V </p><p>communication system. We have also studied some mobile ad hoc network routing protocols in </p><p>detail and then selected the DSR (Dynamic Source Routing) for our V2V communication and </p><p>then simulated it according to our system requirements. We are quite satisfied by the result of </p><p>DSR, but at the same time much more work is required to come up with an absolute application </p><p>for the end user.</p>

Coastal zone become the object which is used to develop when the economy developed quickly and population increase. As a result of coastal zone is a region which involves economy, environment, ecology, and engineering. We must integrated many factors and coordinated related groups. Then we can achieve the goal of sustainable development. The research involved the knowledge and experiences from Europe, American, and Japan. Except they used a construct of Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) to think the questions, they combined ecology, water conservancy engineering, social economic activities, and environmental protection. Then they used DSR framework as the foundation to establish the system which evaluated sustainable development of the coastal zone, and they can develop the system dynamic model analyzing the coastal management in many conditions. Land subsidence is a potential crisis, it grows obviously with the time and has the impact to the environment., When typhoon occurs in the west part of Taiwan coastal area, draining which is unable to operate may cause flood, mole avalanche, seawater intrusion and soil salinization. First we must understand the origin and the management of land subsidence, then we can make the effective strategies by researching different background and geography characteristic of the region. As a result of land subsidence involves economy, environment, ecology and engineering, the process of land subsidence is a complex problem which has multiple causes. This problem usually involves time-delay and long-term effect. System dynamics is an approach that is used to describe, explore and analyze the procedure, information and the boundary of organizations in complex systems. Such model is good for solving dynamic complex problems with non-linearity, causal circulation, information feedback and time-delay as long as the estimative parameter fall in its confidence level. The object of the research is to inspect land subsidence in the Pingtung plain. Therefore, this study proposes to find strategies which is suitable to solve interested problems according to integrate social-economic and ecologic-environment development. The framework of the research is based on the DSR (Driving forces-State-Response) index, and it makes evaluated factor from collecting domestic and foreign literature. Then we selected the important factors and its weight value by using the method of AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) to visit the expert and the scholar. According to above, we developed the model of system dynamics and build confidence in the model. In addition, the result of the simulation can provide good supporting information for decision makers by using the model for several strategies simulation and making the index to represent the performance of simulation analysis.

Now a day, one of the most attractive research topics in the area of Intelligent Traffic Control is Inter-vehicle communication (V2V communication). In V2V communication, a vehicle can communicate to its neighbouring vehicles even in the absence of a central Base Station. The concept of this direct communication is to send vehicle safety messages one-to-one or one-to- many vehicles via wireless connection. Such messages are usually short in length and have very short lifetime in which they must reach the destination. The Inter-vehicle communication system is an ad-hoc network with high mobility and changing number of nodes, where mobile nodes dynamically create temporary sensor networks and transferring messages from one network to others by using multiple hops due to limitation of short range. The goal of the project is to investigate some basic research questions in order to organize such sensor networks and at the same time highlight the appropriate routing protocol that support mobile ad hoc networks in an efficient and reliable manner. In our investigation, we have answered the technical issues in order to construct a V2V communication system. We have also studied some mobile ad hoc network routing protocols in detail and then selected the DSR (Dynamic Source Routing) for our V2V communication and then simulated it according to our system requirements. We are quite satisfied by the result of DSR, but at the same time much more work is required to come up with an absolute application for the end user.

Submitted by Hiolanda Rêgo (hiolandarego@gmail.com) on 2016-01-08T16:41:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_ICS_ Mila de Oliveira Hughes Veiga do Rosário.pdf: 1947891 bytes, checksum: 708dc7c2d506658689e6c76da939b9b6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-08T16:41:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_ICS_ Mila de Oliveira Hughes Veiga do Rosário.pdf: 1947891 bytes, checksum: 708dc7c2d506658689e6c76da939b9b6 (MD5) / As bactérias redutoras de sulfato (BRS) são microrganismos responsáveis por diversos problemas em sistemas de água em campos petrolíferos, acarretando em elevados prejuízos econômicos. A identificação das BRS relacionadas com processos de biocorrosão na indústria petrolífera é de extrema importância para a implementação de estratégias de detecção, controle e monitoramento destes microrganismos, permitindo tratamentos mais eficazes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar a identificação molecular de bactérias redutoras de sulfato isoladas de amostras de água produzida de um campo de petróleo situado no Recôncavo Baiano (Brasil). Foram utilizadas 20 amostras, dentre elas um microrganismo de referência da espécie Desulfovibrio vulgaris (ATCC 29579). A análise das sequências amplificadas por PCR da região codificante para o rRNA 16S e para a enzima sulfito redutase (DSR) demonstrou ser imprescindível e promoveu uma avaliação mais detalhada das culturas principalmente nos casos de contaminação, permitindo a identificação de três espécies de BRS pertencentes ao gênero Desulfovibrio (Desulfovibrio dechloracetivorans, Desulfovibrio alaskensis e Desulfovibrio vulgaris) e de uma bactéria redutora de enxofre Thermovirga lienii. O estudo contribuiu para o aumento de informações no banco de dados acerca das BRS, principalmente das sequências de DSR, fornecendo sequências da enzima sulfito redutase pertencentes às bactérias Desulfovibrio dechloracetivorans, e Desulfovibrio alaskensis, não encontradas durante a análise no GenBank do BLAST (NCBI).