The problem of the study was to analyze conditions of the South African press, including effects of apartheid legislation on the free flow of information. The method of research was mail questionnaire to editors of twenty-two South African daily newspapers. The study showed that the South African press is restricted by legislation and additional laws are expected. Other information from the study includes the following: at least four main laws impede the free flow of information; the press has ready access to government officials; Die Burger and The Star are considered the most influential newspapers; and Prime Minister Vorster's recent advice that the press "put your house in order" seems aimed largely at key English-language newspapers.

The goal of this thesis is to clarify the status of books in the current Czech culture using scientific methods. Since there are many possible ways to achieve this widely defined goal, it was necessary to choose certain methods (and therefore an overall angle of the examination). Two specific methods were selected - a questionnaire for members of Generation Y and media analysis of culture sections of the Czech daily newspapers, Mladá fronta DNES and Právo during the months of June and December of 2017. Theoretical background, description of the methods and explanation of all the key terms are part of the theoretical section. The objective of the questionnaire is to map reading preferences and habits of young readers. The questions are focused on qualitative and also quantitative aspects of book reading. The overarching objective of the media analysis is to provide an accurate image the media paint about books. This will be achieved by thorough examination of all the articles that mention them. Just like with the questionnaire, qualitative and quantitative aspects will be tracked.

[pt] A presente dissertação é uma pesquisa sobre a construção visual dos jornais impressos brasileiros no período anterior à sistematização do ensino de design no país e sua legitimação como uma área de conhecimento. Para tanto foi eleito como objeto de estudo o Jornal do Brasil, fundado em 1891 e até hoje em circulação. Alguns estudos já foram realizados acerca da importante e conhecida reformulação gráfica pela qual passou no final da década de 1950, porém não há investigações sobre sua construção visual no período anterior, assim, ficou definido como recorte temporal desta pesquisa a primeira metade do século XX. O primeiro capítulo relata a trajetória do Jornal do Brasil durante o período estudado e como os diversos acontecimentos que influenciaram a empresa e o país alteraram a apresentação visual de suas páginas. No segundo capítulo são tratados os principais avanços tecnológicos ocorridos no século XIX, a tecnologia utilizada pelo Jornal do Brasil e como a modernização de seu parque gráfico possibilitou inovações. O conteúdo do jornal é abordado no terceiro capítulo, são descritas quais seções eram publicadas e suas peculiaridades; quais ilustradores trabalharam no Jornal do Brasil. O quarto capítulo apresenta um panorama do comportamento dos principais jornais diários brasileiros no início do século XX, que serve de comparação ao Jornal do Brasil. São investigadas a trajetória e a apresentação visual dos seguintes periódicos: Jornal do Comércio, Gazeta de Notícias, O País, Correio da Manhã e O Estado de São Paulo. / [en] The current dissertation is a research about the visual constructio n of print Brazilian newspapers in the period previous to the systematization of design teaching in the country and its legitimization as a field of knowledge. For the stated purpose it has been chosen as a focus of study the daily newspaper Jornal do Brasil, which was founded in 1891, still in circulation nowadays. Some studies have been done about the so important and well known graphic reformulation which it went through at the end of the 1950´s, however there is no investigation about the visual construction in the previous period; therefore it has been defined as time line the first half of the 20th Century. The first chapter reports the trajectory of Jornal do Brasil during the studied period, and how the innumerous events that influenced the company and the country altered the visual presentation of its pages. The second chapter mentions technological advances, the type of technology used by Jornal do Brasil, and how modernization of its graphic park made innovation possible. Its content is approached in the third chapter, where it is described which sections were published and their peculiarities. The fourth chapter presents an overview of the behavior of the main daily Brazilian newspapers at the beginning of the 20th Century, which serves as an object of comparison to Jornal do Brasil. The current work investigates the trajectory and visual presentation of the following newspapers : Jornal do Comércio, Gazeta de Notícias, O País, Correio da Manhã e O Estado de São Paulo.

anglicky This thesis captures the media image of poverty in the Czech Republic, which is presented in four national daily newspapers on pages dealing with reporting. This work is divided into theoretical part, methodological part and research. The theoretical part deals with media concepts, such as representation of reality, framing, stereotyping, discourse, media image and interconnection issues of poverty and the media. The theoretical part also defines socio- political concepts associated with poverty, their definitions and detailed specification in the context of the Czech Republic. The methodological part defines the used methods, periodicals and investigated research, sample work attaching to the keyword poverty and its variations. Following part is the research, which deals with the quantitative content analysis and qualitative framework analysis, using which corresponds to a set of research questions. The work compares titles with each other, so in total. The conclusion summarizes all the knowledge.

« Presse de qualité » ou encore « presse de référence » constituent autant d'expressions dont les référents varient en fonction du contexte géographique. Le contexte de la presse britannique est caractéristique de la prégnance de la relation entre les médias et la société. Confrontée à l'érosion de son lectorat et aux évolutions d'un secteur médiatique ultra-concurrentiel, la presse quotidienne britannique dite « de qualité » a entrepris des changements durant les années 2000 qui témoignent d'une prise en considération de la pluralité des contextes qui interagissent sur les modalités de son fonctionnement. A partir de 2003, les mutations formelles du Times et de l'Independent tendent à traduire une volonté d'adaptation du journal à l'évolution des modes de vie et plus particulièrement aux habitudes de lecture. En s'appuyant sur un modèle théorique des changements journalistiques sur un temps long ainsi que ! sur des tendances à l’œuvre depuis 1945 au sein de la société britannique, notre thèse analyse les mutations du Times et de l'Independent à l'ère d‟un « journalisme de communication ». En établissant une focale sur le traitement de la chose politique au sein des deux quotidiens analysés, cette thèse vise à explorer les processus de réappropriation des normes des quotidiens dits « tabloids » par les quotidiens britanniques dits « de qualité ». / « Quality press » or « elite press » are expressions which differ according to the geographic context. The context of the British press is typical of the salience of the relation between media and society. Faced with the erosion of its readership and developments in the ultra-competitive media sector, the British daily « quality » press has launched changes in the 2000s that reflect a series of contexts that interact on performance. From 2003, The Times and The Independent’s changes in format tend to reflect a willingness to adapt the journal to changing lifestyles and particularly to reading habits. Based on a theoretical model of journalistic changes over a long time as well as trends in British society since 1945, our thesis analyzes The Times and The Independent’s changes in an era of « communication journalism ». By focusing on the journalistic treatment of politics in the two daily newspapers here analyzed, this thesis aims! to explore the process of the reappropriation of the journalistic standards of the « tabloids » by the « quality » daily newspapers.

The analysis "Framing of immigration in Czech daily newspapers" reveals how Czech daily newspapers framed so called migration crisis in Europe in 2015 when the immi- gration issue belonged to the most important issues in both Czech and foreign news media. This thesis draws from theoretical and analytical concept of media framing and concept of Agenda setting which deal with aspects used by media in describing reality, and their media effects on public opinion. Quantitative content analysis of five national daily newspapers revealed that immi- gration issue was represented mainly as international political problem, followed by security threat as the second most frequent topic of news on immigration. In almost all news articles the immigration issue was framed as problem, whereas cause frame and solution frame were present in approximately a quarter of news on immigration. Czech and foreign politicians and government sources were the most cited or para- phrased actors in Czech daily newspapers. On the other hand, refugees, immigrants and ci- tizens were less frequent speakers, and experts rarely commented on the issue of immigration in Czech daily newspapers. Further results of this analysis revealed that thematic framing rather than episodic was prevalent in immigration news, and human interest...

This diploma thesis The image of American Movie Production in Czechoslovak Media of 1970's focuses on how the Czechoslovak media in the 1970's created the public perception of movies which had come from the American distribution to Czechoslovakia or were projected in the cinemas among the years 1970-1979. This thesis analyzes the manner in which selected national print media, influenced by the political trends, being partly designed for the general public (daily newspaper Rudé právo, Lidová demokracie) and partly addressed to specific target groups (film periodical Film a doba, Filmový přehled, Kino), reflected the issue and the contribution of individual movies; all of that under specific political and cultural circumstances. The main theme is the usage of the movie production and its presentation as a contemporary propaganda tool. The analytic part is based on examination of several articles and reviews found in some selected media and connected to the movies or its actors and makers. The analysis is focused on important arguments and assessments in the frame of the contemporary political development. The comparison of how the issue was perceived by the daily newspapers and by the film journals hopes to bring a new aspect and a new point of view to the film and history studies. .

The aim of the work is to monitor how three significant Czech daily newspapers Hospodářské noviny, Lidové noviny and Mladá fronta DNES deal with the global economic crisis - the most severe economic situation of the last 80 years. It covers the period from 15 September 2008, when the American bank Lehman Brothers went bankrupt, till the end of the year 2008. The economic crisis very often became the news number one and all three journals focused on it for the whole period. The subject filled not only the economic sections of the newspapers but also pages about news from home and news of the world, sport, culture or even fashion. The work uses a statistical method to evaluate principal criteria. It helps to come to a conclusion which of the three daily newspapers was the best at covering the economic crisis in its early stage in 2008.

The thesis describes the transposition of the Czech Television crisis on the pages of daily newspapers and weekly magazines. The theoretical part of the thesis describes the genesis of the TV crisis and later shows the problematic of biased news. In the practical part it divides the Czech media according to the quantitative content analysis to the media which openly supported the rebelling journalists or the new management of Czech TV. Interesting in the study is that the traditional right-left division of the Czech media was disproved in the analysis, because the Socialist Party was speaking frequently and with biggest weight also in the traditional right-wing daily newspapers such as Hospodarske noviny, Lidove noviny and Mlada fronta Dnes.

The aim of this bachelor study is to examine and analyze how climate change was reported in Finnish and Swedish press in 2019. Framing theory was used to categorize different frames when reporting on climate change, in total 214 articles were analyzed, of which 127 were from Svenska Dagbladet and 87 from Hufvudstadsbladet.   The research questions were: which news frames can be distinguished in Svenska Dagbladet and Hufvudstadsbladet in 2019? Which news frames dominate in articles about climate change in Svenska Dagbladet and Hufvudstadsbladet in 2019? Based on earlier studies and framing theory, what might any eventual differences be due to?   A quantitative content analysis was conducted based on Dirikx and Gelders (2009) framing study in Dutch and French newspapers. The coding-manual answered which frames that were used and the alternatives were, the conflict frame, the economic consequences frame, the responsibility frame and the human interest frame. Out of these four frames the conflict frame and the responsibility frame were the most occurring. The largest difference between Svenska Dagbladet and Hufvudstadsbladet that were found was that Svenska Dagbladet uses the human interest frame more than Hufvudstadsbladet and that Hufvudstadsbladet had more articles with the conflict frame and the economic consequences frame.