The system of music education devised by Emile Jacques-Dalcroze is based on an interrelated programme which includes solfege, rhythmic movement, plastique and improvisation. Although Dalcroze wrote numerous articles discussing his methods, he failed to provide a comprehensive account of his approach to the music-learning experience. Consequently this thesis aims, by a critical survey and analysis of Dalcroze’s writings, to provide an insight into the meanings and objectives of Dalcroze Eurhythmics. In addition, this investigation will seek to reveal that Dalcroze’s teaching received direction both from a multitude of influences and his extraordinary pre-occupation with rhythm. As a music teacher, Dalcroze had endeavoured to heighten the rhythmic sensitivity of his pupils by the use of kinesthetic exercises. As an humanitarian, Dalcroze’s research into rhythmic manifestations led him to propose rhythm as a dominating force effecting the future welfare of humankind. An understanding of this theory, despite its grandiose tone, is especially relevant to achieving a fuller comprehension of Dalcroze’s musical studies.

Texte remanié de: Diss.--Frankfurt am Main, 1995. / Bibliogr. p. 487-497.

Over a century ago, Émile Jaques-Dalcroze (1865-1950) began experimenting with a pedagogical approach that would give students access to their personal musical voice and a system of technique to express that voice with ease and sensitivity. Music education had lost sight of certain key qualities of exceptional musicianship; qualities such as flow, nuance, imagination, and individuality, so valued in expressive performance, were absent in music pedagogy. According to Jaques-Dalcroze, the antidote to musical arrhythmy (a lack of musical ease and expressivity) lay in the integrated use of the whole body in both musical perception and performance, a coordination he termed eurhythmy. The purpose of this study is to investigate the applications of Dalcroze Eurhythmics to the choral context, including the ways in which the Dalcroze approach shapes the philosophical, pedagogical and musical outcomes of choral pedagogy and practice. More specifically, how do these two areas interact in relationship to the following topics: (1) conductor, chorister and choir as instrument, (2) conductor and chorister score study, (3) conductor and chorister gesture, and (4) choral pedagogy and rehearsal techniques? The original writings of Émile Jaques-Dalcroze provide a framework for the discussion, while interviews with two groups, Dalcroze master-teachers with choral conducting training and/or experience, and Dalcroze-trained choral conductors illustrate the specific applications of the choral context. Study participants reported the use of the Dalcroze approach for three main purposes in the choral context: (a) to develop choral skills, including vocal skills, aural skills, kinesthetic skills, ensemble skills and music literacy skills; (b) to prepare the whole body for accurate and expressive performance of choral repertoire (conducting and singing); and (c) to develop non-musical outcomes that support choral conducting and singing, including mental acuity, creativity, a contextualized view of self and others, self-confidence and risk-taking, and enjoyment in music making.

Over a century ago, Émile Jaques-Dalcroze (1865-1950) began experimenting with a pedagogical approach that would give students access to their personal musical voice and a system of technique to express that voice with ease and sensitivity. Music education had lost sight of certain key qualities of exceptional musicianship; qualities such as flow, nuance, imagination, and individuality, so valued in expressive performance, were absent in music pedagogy. According to Jaques-Dalcroze, the antidote to musical arrhythmy (a lack of musical ease and expressivity) lay in the integrated use of the whole body in both musical perception and performance, a coordination he termed eurhythmy. The purpose of this study is to investigate the applications of Dalcroze Eurhythmics to the choral context, including the ways in which the Dalcroze approach shapes the philosophical, pedagogical and musical outcomes of choral pedagogy and practice. More specifically, how do these two areas interact in relationship to the following topics: (1) conductor, chorister and choir as instrument, (2) conductor and chorister score study, (3) conductor and chorister gesture, and (4) choral pedagogy and rehearsal techniques? The original writings of Émile Jaques-Dalcroze provide a framework for the discussion, while interviews with two groups, Dalcroze master-teachers with choral conducting training and/or experience, and Dalcroze-trained choral conductors illustrate the specific applications of the choral context. Study participants reported the use of the Dalcroze approach for three main purposes in the choral context: (a) to develop choral skills, including vocal skills, aural skills, kinesthetic skills, ensemble skills and music literacy skills; (b) to prepare the whole body for accurate and expressive performance of choral repertoire (conducting and singing); and (c) to develop non-musical outcomes that support choral conducting and singing, including mental acuity, creativity, a contextualized view of self and others, self-confidence and risk-taking, and enjoyment in music making.

Zugl.: Berlin, Univ. der Künste, Diss., 2008

Examensarbete 15 hp. Musiklärarexamen

Den schweiziske musikern och pedagogen Emile Jaques-Dalcroze utvecklade under sin livstid den rörelsebaserade musikpedagogiska metod som i dag går under namnet rytmik. Syftet med denna magisteruppsats är att undersöka uppkomsten och den tidiga utvecklingen av Jaques-Dalcrozes ursprungliga rytmik och framför allt solfège – rörelsebaserad gehörsträning – som är ett av dess huvudmoment. För att finna svar på frågan om hur Jaques-Dalcrozes egen historia påverkade hans val av pedagogisk inriktning för hans gehörsundervisning och på frågan om på vilket sätt samtiden påverkade framväxten och mottagandet av solfègen, undersöks Jaques-Dalcrozes liv fram till 1906 samt kulturella, pedagogiska och andra samhälleliga strömningar under 1800-talet. Utgångspunkten är i historisk metod och med ett hermeneutiskt perspektiv och resultatet presenteras i en delvis biografisk form. Undersökningen visar att Jaques-Dalcroze tveklöst influerades av samtiden och påverkades av människor som kom i hans närhet, framför allt hans pianolärare de Senger, Prosnitz och Lussy, violinisten Ysaÿe, psykologen Claparède och Jaques-Dalcrozes kollegor Gorter, Boepple och Chassevant. Pestalozzi, Nägeli och Fröbel var pedagoger vars idéer återspeglas i Jaques-Dalcrozes metod. De olika influenserna i synergi med hans egen personliga historia och förutsättningar var det som ledde fram till utvecklingen av rytmiken. / During his lifetime the Swiss musician and pedagogue Emile Jaques-Dalcroze developed Dalcroze-Eurhythmics, a movement-based methodology in music education. The purpose of the present study is to explore the early development of Jaques-Dalcroze’s original Eurhythmics and especially solfège – movement based aural training – which is one of its main fields. This study aims to fathom Jaques-Dalcrozes life up to the year 1906, as well as the cultural, pedagogical and other societal tendencies during the 19th century to investigate how Jaques-Dalcroze’s personal history influenced his choice of pedagogical emphasis for his aural training, and how contemporary society in his time influenced the development and reception of Eurhythmics and solfège. The methodological basis of the study is historical with a hermeneutic perspective. The result is partly presented in a biographical form. The study shows that Jaques-Dalcroze was without doubt influenced by the world of his time, and was affected by people in his milieu, particularly his piano teachers de Senger, Prosnitz and Lussy, the virtuoso violinist Ysaÿe, the psychologist Claparède and the colleges of Jaques-Dalcroze Gorter, Boepple and Chassevant. Pestalozzi, Nägeli and Fröbel were pedagogues whose ideas were mirrored in the method of Jaques-Dalcroze. These different influences, in synergy with his own personal history and preconditions, led to the development of Dalcroze-Eurhythmics.

Esta dissertação trata da Rítmica como Princípio Formativo, um dos desdobramentos das formulações de Émile Jaques-Dalcroze (1865-1950), no trabalho pedagógico e profissional com voz, música e encenação. Com seu axioma música é movimento, e movimento é música, Dalcroze ressalta a originalidade da Rítmica em promover uma qualidade imanente à humanidade a indissociabilidade do movimento musical e corporal como forma ancestral de expressão humana. Ponderando questões de ordem ontológica do fazer teatral, num primeiro momento, traço a trajetória da Rítmica, analisando as potencialidades de seu diálogo com outras áreas, considerando como ela transforma e é transformada nesta interação. Em seguida, analiso a operacionalização de conteúdos e técnicas baseadas na pesquisa do indivíduo sobre si pressuposto de importantes encenadores; e, finalmente, descrevo os resultados cênicos obtidos pelo emprego de conceitos e procedimentos com grupos envolvidos na formação, pesquisa e montagem teatral. / This research approaches Eurhythmics as Formative Principle, one of the developments of Émile Jacques Dalcrozeformulations on the pedagogical and professional work with voice, music and staging. Through his axiom music is movement, and movement is music, Dalcroze emphasizes the originality of Eurhythmics in promoting an immanent quality of mankind the indissociability of corporal and musical movement as an ancestral form of human expression. Taking into account ontological questions towards the theatrical making, I start with the reconstruction the Eurhythmicstrajectory, analyzing the potentialities of its dialogue with others areas, exposing how and when it transforms and is transformed by these interactions. Afterwards, I analyze the operativeness of its contents and strategies based on individual self-research presumption of great directors; and, finally, I descript the scenic results obtained by the use of concepts and proceedings with groups involved in theatrical formation, research and staging.

Esta dissertação trata da Rítmica como Princípio Formativo, um dos desdobramentos das formulações de Émile Jaques-Dalcroze (1865-1950), no trabalho pedagógico e profissional com voz, música e encenação. Com seu axioma música é movimento, e movimento é música, Dalcroze ressalta a originalidade da Rítmica em promover uma qualidade imanente à humanidade a indissociabilidade do movimento musical e corporal como forma ancestral de expressão humana. Ponderando questões de ordem ontológica do fazer teatral, num primeiro momento, traço a trajetória da Rítmica, analisando as potencialidades de seu diálogo com outras áreas, considerando como ela transforma e é transformada nesta interação. Em seguida, analiso a operacionalização de conteúdos e técnicas baseadas na pesquisa do indivíduo sobre si pressuposto de importantes encenadores; e, finalmente, descrevo os resultados cênicos obtidos pelo emprego de conceitos e procedimentos com grupos envolvidos na formação, pesquisa e montagem teatral. / This research approaches Eurhythmics as Formative Principle, one of the developments of Émile Jacques Dalcrozeformulations on the pedagogical and professional work with voice, music and staging. Through his axiom music is movement, and movement is music, Dalcroze emphasizes the originality of Eurhythmics in promoting an immanent quality of mankind the indissociability of corporal and musical movement as an ancestral form of human expression. Taking into account ontological questions towards the theatrical making, I start with the reconstruction the Eurhythmicstrajectory, analyzing the potentialities of its dialogue with others areas, exposing how and when it transforms and is transformed by these interactions. Afterwards, I analyze the operativeness of its contents and strategies based on individual self-research presumption of great directors; and, finally, I descript the scenic results obtained by the use of concepts and proceedings with groups involved in theatrical formation, research and staging.

Diss.--Philosophie--Bloomington (Ind.)--the school of music, Indiana Univ., 1992. / Bibliogr. p. 253-257.