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Orientador: Paulo José Fortes Villas Boas / Resumo: Introdução: Atualmente a expectativa de vida mundial está aumentando significativamente. Avaliar a população assistida em centros de convivência permitirá ampliar a discussão acerca das atividades realizadas e propostas nesses locais, com ênfase na qualidade de vida dos idosos. Objetivo: Avaliar os idosos do Centro de Convivência do Idoso “Aconchego” em Botucatu quanto às síndromes geriátricas, capacidade funcional e uso de medicamentos. Métodos: Estudo observacional transversal, realizado entre o mês de janeiro de 2018 e abril de 2019, no Centro de Convivência do Idoso Aconchego, em Botucatu (SP). Foi realizada avaliação geriátrica amola quanto aos domínios capacidade funcional (escala de Katz, Pfeffer, escala de Lawton), cognição (Mini Exame do Estado Mental - MEEM), humor (escala de depressão geriátricade Yesavage), deficit sensorial dos idosos (teste da voz sussurrada e déficit visual), nutrição (índice de massa corpo- ral), fragilidade (índice Study of osteoporotic fracture e índice fenotípico de Linda Fried), continência urinária e questão social e familiar. Os idosos portadores de demência foram classificados quanto a gravidade pelo Clinical Dementia Ratio (CDR). Foi realizada análise descritiva, testes de associação (QuiQuadrado, T-stu- dent), sendo estatisticamente significativo quando o nível alfa foi < 0,05. Resultados: A amostra avaliada foi de 76 idosos, que tiveram a média de idade de 80,6 + 8,0 anos, sendo que 72,4% (55) eram do sexo feminino. 94,2% apresentava... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Introduction: The current world life expectancy is increasing significantly. Assessing the population assisted in social centers will allow a broader discussion about the activities carried out and proposed in these places, with emphasis on the quality of life of the elderly. Objective: To evaluate the elderly of the Center for the Cohabitation of the Elderly "Aconchego" in Botucatu regarding geriatric syndromes, functional capacity and medication use. Methods: Cross-sectional observational study, conducted between January 2018 and April 2019, at the Aconchego Shelter Center in Botucatu (SP). A geriatric evaluation was carried out in relation to functional capacity domains (Katz scale, Pfeffer, Lawton scale), cognition (Mental State Mini Examination), humor (Yesavage geriatric depression scale), sensorial deficit of the elderly (Index of osteoporotic fracture and Linda Fried's phenotype index), urinary continence, and social and family issues. Elderly people with dementia were classified as severity by the Clinical Dementia Ratio (CDR). A descriptive analysis, association tests (Chi-Square, T-student) was performed, being statistically significant when the alpha level was <0.05. Results: The sample evaluated was 76 elderly, who had a mean age of 80.6 + 8.0 years, and 72.4% (55) were female. 94.2% had cognitive impairment by MMSE, and 47.4% had a previous diagnosis of dementia. 55.3% were classified as overweight / obese. 41.7% of the elderly were classified as mild dementia a... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Bengtsson, J. Kommunikation mellan personal och brukare i dagliga verksamheter - En kvalitativ studie. Examensarbete i handikapp ochrehabiliteringsvetenskap 15 högskolepoäng. Malmö universitet: Fakulteten förhälsa och samhälle, 2018. Syftet med denna studie har varit att studera i kommunikation mellan personal och brukare i dagliga verksamheter. Hur främjas kommunikationen och vilka pedagogiska verktyg används i främjandet. Det har genomförts med semistrukturerade intervjuer av personal från olika dagliga verksamheter. Teoretiska utgångpunkter som nyttjades för att analysera materialet var social interaktionism med större vikt på social interaktion, Goffmans dramaturgiska perspektiv och sociala band. Analysen och resultatet belyser mestadels bristande kunskap inom kommunikation. Personal uttrycker att de själva är de främsta verktygen i främjandet av kommunikation. Kommunikation är till största del kroppsspråk, mimik och relationskompetens. Vidare forskning med pedagogiska verktyg belyses när det inkluderar vuxna individer med en funktionsnedsättning kombinerad med en hörselnedsättning som har en LSS tillhörighet. / Bengtsson, J. Communication between staff and users in day centers - A qualitative study. Degree of Bachelor of Science with a Major in Disability and Rehabilitation Science 15 Credits. Malmö University: Faculty of Health and Society, Department of social work, 2018. The purpose of this study has been to study communication between staff and users in day centers. How communication is promoted and what pedagogical tools are used in the promotion. It has been conducted with semi-structured interviews of staff from various day centers. Theoretical starting points used to analyze the material were social interactionism with a strong emphasis on social interaction, Goffman's dramaturgical perspective and social ties. The analysis and the results mostly highlight a lack of knowledge in communication. Staff express that they themselves are the main tools in the promotion of communication. Communication is mostly body language, facial expressions and relationship skills. Further research with pedagogical tools is highlighted when it includes adult individuals with a disability combined with a hearing impairment who have an LSS affiliation.

This work deals with the importance of psychodynamic approaches in practice of a day care center for an addictological treatment. The research core of this thesis are qualitative case analyses with a comment on the etiology of the dependency problem (anamnestic analysis revealing uncontrolled or conflicting developmental stages according to E. H. Erikson) and at the same time on the accentuation of the importance of psychodynamic approaches in routine clinical practice, which focuses primarily on good nonverbal interventions (i.e. an authentic technique using stones, an art therapy, nonverbal techniques) and transference phenomena. The aim of this thesis is to understand an individual case through selected psychoanalytic theories and to describe the key therapeutic interventions leading to curing an addicted person using an ambulant addiction treatment. For this particular research I chose a qualitative approach. I processed five clients' life stories into a set of case studies. Several methods were used to obtain the needed data. The crucial one was a semi-structured interview, then a life curve and a projective method. In each case study, I explained one developmental stage by E. H. Erikson, which I interpreted as crucial for creating and developing an addiction. For the data analysis, I used a...

During the latter part of the 20th century the situation for people with intellectual disabilities in Sweden changed and developed. Clients have the right to participation and self-determination in society and in applied measures under the law of individual rights legislation; LSS. The purpose of this study is to describe and understand how team-leaders and managers in day-centres in a municipality works with participation and self-determination for clients, and what the professionals consider affects the client's possibility to self-determination and participation. The research questions intended to be answered are: • How does the team-leaders and managers work to enable self-determination and participation of the users in the public day-centres? • What does the team-leaders and managers describe and understand as enabling and limiting factors for the client’s possibility to self-determination and participation? The study is qualitative and interviews have been held with eight interviewees, which I contacted through snowball sampling. I contacted three managers and five team-leaders in day-centres. The result shows that the organization has different methods and approaches to enable self-determination and participation of clients in day-centres in the investigated municipality. Some forms are collective and some are individual. The results show that methods have elements of both empowerment and paternalism. The view and attitude from the team-leaders on clients as subjects or objects play a major role in how the daily work with self-determination and participation for clients is made possible. The second part of the result shows how the interviewees describe the complex interplay of various factors affecting the extent of the client's possibility to self-determination and participation. The result shows several factors that promote and many others that limit. There are many different kinds of circumstances described and understood as affecting the possibility. All informants describe the individual client's communicative ability as an important factor, and other circumstances mentioned are factors in the environment such as different actors in the client's network, workplace environment, and team-leaders personal qualities and knowledge in the field of disability.

El presente proyecto de tesis esta compuesto por un centro de día y residencia para el adulto mayor el cual esta ubicado en el distrito de San Martín de Porres debido al gran porcentaje de personas de la tercera edad y por el déficit de centros de atención residencial. La residencia del proyecto busca dar alojamiento a las personas de la tercera edad que cuentan con dependencia física y/o psíquica y precisan de cuidados especiales mediante ambientes que se adaptan al estado de cada usuario. Asimismo, el centro de día cuenta con ambientes de pedagogía, recreación y asistencia medica para los usuarios de la residencia y del distrito. El proyecto busca mejorar la calidad de vida del adulto mayor mediante espacios intergeneracionales, los cuales son ambientes de encuentro, intercambio social y cultural entre distintas generaciones. Además, por medio de la arquitectura multisensorial busca la activación de los sentidos del adulto mayor y que estos minimicen la desorientación y el desconcierto dentro del edificio. Conservando y promoviendo su autonomía física y psicológica. Por ultimo, mediante la accesibilidad universal busca que los ambientes se adapten a las distintas condiciones del usuario considerando los cambios físicos que se producen en esta etapa final de la vida. / The present thesis project is composed of a day and residence center for the elderly which is located in the district of San Martín de Porres due to the large percentage of elderly people and the shortage of residential care centers. The residence of the project seeks to provide accommodation for the elderly who have physical and / or mental dependence and need special care through environments that adapt to the state of each user. Likewise, the day center has pedagogy, recreation and medical assistance environments for residents and district users. The project seeks to improve the quality of life of the elderly through intergenerational spaces, which are meeting environments, social and cultural exchange between different generations. In addition, through the multi sensorial architecture, it seeks the activation of the senses of the elderly and that these minimize the disorientation and bewilderment within the building. conserving and promoting their physical and psychological autonomy. Finally, through universal accessibility, it seeks to adapt the environments to the different conditions of the user, considering the physical changes that occur in this final stage of life. / Tesis

Bakgrund: Den vanligaste anledningen att personer med psykiatriska funktionshinder lämnar hemmet är för att besöka en dagverksamhet. Samtidigt kritiseras dagverksamheter för att vara stigmatiserande. Forskning inom området återger en i stora drag homogen bild av dagverksamheters betydelse för individen där positiva aspekter lyfts fram. Emellertid återfinns kontrasterande bilder där dessa verksamheter kan tänkas påverka besökarna negativt. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att utifrån tidigare forskning ge kunskap om vad dagverksamheter för personer med psykiatriska funktionshinder betyder för dess besökare. Vi ämnar kartlägga kunskapsläget samt med efterföljande analys skapa en djupare förståelse för dagverksamheters betydelse för individen. Metod och teori: Studien är i form av en allmän litteraturstudie där tolv utvalda artiklar utgör empirin. För att förstå betydelsen av dagverksamheter har vi satt ihop ett teoretiskt ramverk av stigma, självstigma och empowerment. Resultat:Studien utmynnar i tre huvudteman: betydelsen av dagverksamheten som socialt sammanhang, betydelsen av dagverksamheten som sysselsättning, olika aspekter av dagverksamhetens betydelse för måendet. Slutsatser: Vi fann att dagverksamheter är av stor vikt för besökarna genom att erbjuda en trygg plats för social gemenskap, en del i ett socialt sammanhang, erbjuda meningsfull sysselsättning och en motivation till att lämna hemmet. Vi ser i resultatet att målgruppen har svårt att ta sig in på arbetsmarknaden. Det är därför viktigt att dagverksamheter finns så besökarna kan komma dit och delta i olika typer av aktiviteter, samt för att ge vardagen en struktur. En annan slutsats är att i de positiva aspekter som lyfts i empirin kan vi skönja problematiska sidor av dagverksamhetens betydelse, även i det som framhävs som positivt. Detta kan röra sig om slutenheten som präglar dessa institutioner, deltagarnas beroende av dagverksamheterna samt verksamheternas svårigheter att vara en brygga till nya utvecklingsmöjligheter. / Title: Left out together? A general literature study on the meaning of daycare centers to individuals with psychiatric disabilities. Background: The most common reason why people with psychiatric disabilities leave home is to visit a daycare center. At the same time, daycare centers are criticized for being stigmatizing. The research in the area provides a fairly homogeneous picture of what daycare centers mean to the individual where positive aspects are highlighted. However, contrasting images are found in which daycare centers may have a negative impact on its visitors. Aim: The aim of this study is to provide knowledge of what daycare centers for people with psychiatric disabilities mean to their visitors based on previous research. We intend to map the state of knowledge and, with subsequent anlays, create a deeper understanding of what daycare centers mean for the individual. Method and theory: This study is a general literature study in which twelve selected articles constitute the empiric. To understand the meaning of daycare centers, we have put together a theoretical framework of stigma, self-stigma and empowerment. Findings: The study generates three main themes: the meaning of daycare centers as a social context, the meaning of daycare centers as occupation, different aspects of what daycare centers mean for well-being. Conclusion: We found that daycare centers are of great importance to visitors in providing a safe place for social community, part of a social context, offering meaningful occupation and a motivation to leave home. We see in the result that the target group has difficulty in entering the labor market. It is therefore important that daycare centers exist so that visitors can come there and participate in different types of activities, as well as to provide structure to everyday life . Another conclusion is that in the positive aspects highlighted in the empiricism, we can discern problematic aspects of the importance of daycare centers, even in what is emphasized as positive. This may concern the introversion that characterizes these institutions, the participants' dependence on daycare centers and the difficulties of the centers to be a bridge to new development opportunities.

Manual signs are an augmentative and alternative communication mode which enables and facilitates communication for persons with impairments in speech, language and hearing. There are different ways of teaching signs to persons with intellectual disabilities. One of them is milieu teaching, which is a method where the teaching takes place in natural settings. This method has proven to give good results in generalization and maintenance. Teaching signs to staff in groups has been shown to be effective. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether sign intervention affected the number of signs and the number of different signs, used by two persons with Down’s syndrome and eleven staff on a day center. The study was carried out as a single-subject design. A sign intervention was conducted at the day center with the two participants with Down’s syndrome. They were educated individually with a procedure inspired by milieu teaching. When the intervention with the two participants was terminated, the staff was educated in a group format. The number of signs and the number of different signs used by the two participants with Down’s syndrome and the staff were registered. The sign intervention with the two participants led to an increased use of signs for one of them and the sign intervention with the staff led to an increased use of signs for the staff together with one of the participants. The main reason for why the sign intervention was effective for one of the two participants with Down’s syndrome and for one group of staff, but not for the other participant or the other group of staff, seems to be that the participants use of signs had an impact on each other. One of the participants with Down’s syndrome and one group of staff seems to have had a positive impact on each others use of signs. The intervention also seems to have been too short and therefore has not given effect for all of the participants.