A description of the developmental characteristics of adolescents and the effect of deafness, on the cognitive emotional and social development of the Deaf adolescent boy is given. At a stage, when the parents influence is crucial in any child's upbringing, the Deaf child, mainly because of his/her need for special educational services is placed in a school hostel at an early age. The aim of the investigation was two-fold: • Firstly, from thl! literature study, to analyze and describe the educational distress of the Deaf adolescent boy residing in the school hostel. Secondly, to conduct an empirical survey consisting of structured questionnaires in order to ascertain the kind of support rendered to the Deaf adolescent boy in the hostel. From the literature study and the empirical survey a training/educational programme was designed to promote the educational skills of hostel parents at schools for Deaf adolescent boys. / Inclusive Education / M.Ed.(Orthopedagogics)

South Africa has a dearth of deaf appropriate assistive resources – giving rise to deaf adolescents leaving school early and poor adult outcomes. These factors are negatively influenced by the interaction of other elements such as the inadequate cultural and social nurturing and lack of support. Approached from a bio-ecological model, to pro-actively address the support needed by deaf and hard-of-hearing persons to empower them to develop the capacity to withstand the challenges they have to endure, to stand up to and resist the negative ideas about what they are capable of. In this study, major risk factors were identified as communication deprivation and unpreparedness of parents to raise a deaf child appropriately where mediating factors were identified as social-emotional competence and deaf teaching assistants at South African Schools for the Deaf. The main findings of this study were that the need for early training of parents, access to Sign Language, deaf role models and social-emotional training in SA schools for the Deaf are proposed pathways to well-being. / Psychology / M.A. (Psychology)

<p dir="ltr">Disability and Deaf Studies scholars have documented how United States Deaf culture developed in the nineteenth century partially through Deaf schools teaching a common sign language, American Sign Language (ASL). These scholars focus on the development of a broader United States Deaf culture and its long-term struggle against teaching oralism (lip reading), without much discussion about the variability of cultural identities within the Deaf community. This paper fills that gap by examining two historical Deaf subcultures, the Deaf community founded around hereditary Deafness and isolated on Martha’s Vineyard, and Black Deaf communities formed in racially segregated Deaf schools in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. It shows how each case differed from the broader Deaf experience, resulting in diverse experiences from which Deaf subcultures with distinct ASL dialects emerged. Through comparative analysis, this paper argues that separation from the broader Deaf community resulted in the development of each community as unique Deaf subcultures that resisted oppression through cultural, community, and language development. By understanding how these groups lived, this paper further shows that there is diversity within Deaf experiences rather than one shared experience.</p>

Aktuelle Debatten in der Hörgeschädigtenpädagogik beschäftigen sich vor allem mit den Fragen der Sprachbildung hörgeschädigter Kinder im Rahmen der schulischen Inklusion. Übersehen wird dabei oft, dass dieser Diskurs nicht neu ist, sondern bereits historische Vorläufer hat. Ziel dieser Untersuchung ist deshalb, Veränderungsprozesse von Elementarbildung und Sprachbildung hörgeschädigter Kinder im 18. und 19. Jahrhundert vor dem Hintergrund einer sich etablierenden Volksschulbildung zu analysieren, um den schulstrukturellen Wandel und seine Auswirkungen nachzuzeichnen. Auf der Grundlage einer quellenkritischen Rekonstruktion wurden dafür ideen-, sozial- und institutions-geschichtliche Ereignisse und Diskurse im Sinne des kritisch-konstruktiven Ansatzes von Klafki (1971) analysiert. Im Fokus standen dabei die konkreten Auswirkungen (national-) sprachlicher und bildungspolitischer Konzepte auf den Unterricht am Berliner Königlichen Taubstummeninstitut und auf die ländliche Schulpraxis in der Provinz Brandenburg. Die Analysen zeigen, dass die sprachphilosophischen Diskurse in dieser Zeit Fehlannahmen über die Funktion und Bedeutung von Laut- und Gebärdensprachen enthielten, die die Sprachbildungskonzepte für gehörlose Menschen maßgeblich prägten. Außerdem führte die Verallgemeinerungsbewegung, in deren Rahmen zunehmend gehörlose Menschen auch in Volksschulen unterrichtet wurden, dazu dass die ausschließliche Förderung der Lautsprache propagiert wurde. Zweisprachige Bildungskonzepte, mit der Gebärdensprache als festem Bestandteil, wurden aufgegeben. Die besonderen Bedürfnisse gehörloser Menschen wurden weder an allgemeinen Schulen noch an Taubstummeninstituten berücksichtigt und der Zugang zu Bildung setzte damit in der Folgezeit eine einseitige Anpassungsleistung gehörloser Menschen voraus. / Current debates in deaf education are primarily concerned with questions of language education of hearing impaired children as part of school inclusion. It is often overlooked in this context that this discourse is not new, but already has historical antecedents. The aim of this study is therefore to analyse the changing processes of elementary education and language education of hearing impaired children in the 18th and 19th centuries against the background of the on-going establishment of elementary education, in order to reconstruct the structural change of the culture of schooling and its impact. To this end, historical ideas, social and institutional discourses and events were analysed in terms of the critical and constructive approach of Klafki (1971) on the basis of a source-critical reconstruction. The focus was on the specific impact of (national) linguistic and educational approaches to teaching at the Berlin Royal Institute of Deaf and Dumb and the rural school practice in the province of Brandenburg. The analyses show that the discourses on linguistic philosophy at this time contained misperceptions concerning the function and meaning of spoken and signed languages that significantly shaped approaches to language education for deaf people. Furthermore, the movement towards generalisation, in the framework of which deaf people were increasingly also taught in elementary schools, led to the exclusive propagation of the promotion of oral language. Bilingual education concepts, with sign language as an integral part, were abandoned. The special needs of deaf people were not taken into consideration in either public schools or in deaf and dumb institutions, and access to education in the subsequent period thus presupposed a successful unilateral adaptation of deaf people.