This thesis deals with the demographic aging of the population and the changes which this natural cyclical process brings along. I am not only mapping the current situation and trying to give a forecast of the next fifty years, but I am also trying to identify how the aging will mirror our society and which areas of public life will mostly be affected by it. A substantial part of this thesis is dedicated to the transformation of social services and how it works, which should contribute to the community planning project in the micro region of Bechyne. All theoretical findings in the later part of the thesis are used to evaluate the socio-demographic situation in the mentioned region and subsequently followed by suggestions, which could lead to the improvement of the residents{\crq} quality of life.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-03-17T14:20:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 marceliabarezzibarbosa.pdf: 5769448 bytes, checksum: c04dde78c53a6572073d792b3b8d6def (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-03-18T12:15:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 marceliabarezzibarbosa.pdf: 5769448 bytes, checksum: c04dde78c53a6572073d792b3b8d6def (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-18T12:15:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 marceliabarezzibarbosa.pdf: 5769448 bytes, checksum: c04dde78c53a6572073d792b3b8d6def (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-13 / O envelhecimento populacional está ocorrendo de forma rápida, principalmente em países em desenvolvimento, levando a importantes desafios sociais e econômicos. Embora o envelhecimento seja um processo natural, leva também o organismo a várias alterações anatômicas e funcionais, com repercussões nas condições de saúde. O processo de envelhecimento está associado ao aumento da susceptibilidade a doenças crônicas, incapacidades, problemas psicossociais e comorbidades, o que pode viabilizar o consumo abusivo de substâncias psicoativas, tais como o tabaco e álcool. Esse processo impõe aos Estados e sociedade uma série de novas demandas em saúde, e isso aos poucos gerará um grande problema populacional, já que o número de idosos no mundo está crescente. O tabagismo e o alcoolismo comprometem não apenas a expectativa de vida, mas também a qualidade de vida. O presente estudo tem por objetivo avaliar os fatores associados e a prevalência do uso de tabaco e de álcool entre os idosos residentes na região da Zona Norte do município de Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado por meio de inquérito domiciliar, com uma amostra de 423 idosos, com os quais foram realizadas entrevistas por meio de questionário, incluindo os testes de Fagerström e Audit-C. Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística descritiva e regressão multinomial. A prevalência de idosos tabagistas foi de 9%, ex-tabagistas 32%, que consumem bebidas alcóolicas foi de 26,7% e que fazem uso concomitante de 3,2%. No modelo de regressão logística multinomial, as características que permaneceram associadas significativamente ao tabagismo foram sexo masculino, idade de 60 a 70 anos; e presença problemas de saúde autorreferida; e ao consumo de álcool, sexo masculino e fragilidade. Conclusão, o idoso que vive na comunidade que consome bebidas alcoólicas e/ou que é tabagista representa uma baixa prevalência, porém, de maneira quase exclusiva, apresentam condições ruins de saúde e falta de autossuficiência, comprometendo o estado de saúde e potencialmente a qualidade de vida. Quanto ao perfil, há semelhanças quanto aos aspectos sociodemográficos e de saúde, sugerindo a possibilidade de um enfoque mais direcionado quanto a abordagem desses indivíduos. / The ageing of the population is occurring rapidly, especially in developing countries, leading to important social and economic challenges. Although aging is a natural process, also leads the body to various anatomical and functional changes, with repercussions on health conditions. The aging process is associated with increased susceptibility to chronic diseases, disabilities, psychosocial problems and comorbidities, which can ease the abusive consumption of psychoactive substances, such as tobacco and alcohol, imposing on states and society a series of new demands in health, and it gradually generates a big population problem, since the number of elderly people in the world is enhancing. Smoking and alcoholism are compromise not only life expectancy, but also the quality of life. The present study aims to evaluate the associated factors and the prevalence of the use of tobacco and alcohol among the elderly people that live in the northern part of Juiz de Fora city, Minas Gerais. This is a cross-sectional study, conducted through home survey, with a sample of 423 elderly citizens, with whom interviews were conducted through a questionnaire, including the tests of Fagerström e Audit-C. The data were subjected to statistical analysis descriptive and multinomial regression. The prevalence of elderly smokers was 9%, 32% of former smokers and the people that consume alcoholic beverages was 26.7% and concomitant use of it 3.2%. In multinomial logistic regression model, the features that remained attached to significantly to smoking were male sex, 60 to 70 years old; and presence of auto referred health problems; and the consumption of alcohol, male sex and fragility. Conclusion, the elderly people that live in the community which consumes alcoholic beverages and/or that are smoker represents a low prevalence, however, almost unique, they have bad conditions of health and lack of self-sufficiency, compromising the health and quality of life. As for the profile, there are similarities with regard to socio-demographic and health aspects, suggesting the possibility of a more targeted approach to these individuals.

The following thesis addresses the process of growing old in an urban environment. It concentrates on the factors, which infulence the quality of senior citizens' lives and how they do it. The main focus is put on the city disticts that are subject to dynamic changes caused by the processes of post-socialist transformations, revitalization and gentrification. The thesis explores the problems but also the benefits, which these changes can bring to elderly citizens' every day lives. Looking for the answers to these questions is based on the case study of a city district in Prague - Karlín. The qualitative research have been done by semistructured interviews with local senior citizens. It has shown possible perception of some aspects of environment of Karlin and changes of this environment.

Demographic aging by standard and alternative indicators in selected countries of Europe and their regional differentiation at NUTS2 level Abstract Demographic aging is often called a phenomenon of the 21st century. However, it is a natural process, which we more or less consciously influence. Population aging is the result of improving the health status of the population and enhancing the quality of human life that has already begun in the 18th century in the context of demographic revolution. The current concern about the sustainability of national social systems in the context of population aging are obviously reasonable, but these concerns are based on the standard characteristics of the age structure, which often use a fixed age of entry into the final stage of life. However, with the lengthening of human life the natural boundaries of old age changes. Alternative indicators on the basis of the concept of prospective age do not use the number of years a person has already lived, but on the number of years that a person will probably live. Paper compares the development of standard and alternative indicators in the Czech Republic, Sweden and Germany in the years 2000-2013 and focuses also on regional differentiation at the NUTS2 level of selected regions in northern, western, eastern and southern...

This thesis examines demographic aging of housing estate in Prague and residential satisfaction of seniors. In the theoretical part the issue of demographic aging, residential satisfaction and residential stability is elaborated summary of the basis of literature. Empirical part is based on two research methods, which are the data analysis of the age structure of the population census and interviews with seniors living in the housing estate Nové Ďáblice. Two approaches were defined to work with the data, the first one compared the type of settlement development with other parts of Prague, in the second one there were defined individual settlement files with a population of more than 15 000. Carried out the research, it was found that the age structure is equalize and the current demographic situation in the settlements is determined by the period of construction of the housing estate file. Generally speaking, the earlier the settlement was established, the older population it has. In parts focused on the quality of life of older people on the estate were determined using semi-structured interviews satisfaction with the physical environment, social relationships, housing, public spaces, public facilities and services, transportation and security. In addition, it assessed the stability of residential...

La dynamique démographique ayant cours au sein de la région des Caraïbes est très particulière, notamment par la rapidité avec laquelle la population vieillit, un rythme des plus élevés par rapport aux autres régions du monde. Les enjeux cruciaux que sont ceux d’assurer la qualité de vie des aînés d’aujourd’hui et de demain ainsi qu’une gestion efficace de ces sociétés vieillissantes se doivent d’être abordés et pris en compte. Le présent mémoire diffuse les résultats d'une analyse ciblée des caractéristiques sociodémographiques des personnes âgées de quatre États des Caraïbes (Antigua-et-Barbuda, Sainte-Lucie, Saint-Vincent-et-les-Grenadines et Trinité-et-Tobago) à partir des données de leur plus récent recensement. Ce portrait met une emphase particulière sur les conditions de vie, la santé et la participation sur le marché du travail des personnes âgées, soit sur les grands thèmes des trois objectifs du Plan d’action international sur le vieillissement de Madrid. Par ailleurs, un regard est posé sur les effets des cinq premières années en vigueur du Plan de Madrid sur les populations caribéennes. Les informations obtenues à la suite d’interviews effectués auprès de personnes contacts de quelques pays caribéens sont synthétisées et identifient les efforts déployés principalement par les gouvernements pour inclure les objectifs du Plan de Madrid et autres enjeux du vieillissement démographique dans les mécanismes et les politiques de développement social et économique ainsi que ceux de respect des droits humains. / This study presents the major findings of a statistical analysis of population census data sets (2000 census round) for four countries in the Caribbean region: Antigua and Barbuda, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Trinidad and Tobago. It analyses national census data with a specific focus on the elderly population: their health and well-being, including a discussion of their living arrangements and economic security. A basic descriptive analysis of the variables and synthetic indicators is presented and discussed. Furthermore, in the context of the review and appraisal of the implementation of the Madrid International Plan of Action on Aging, information collected through the Survey on Programs for Older Persons in the Caribbean is presented and synthesized. An attempt is made to describe in detail the aging national programs and actions that have been implemented in the English-speaking countries of the Caribbean since the adoption of the Madrid Plan in 2002. The main changes and challenges to the quality of life of older persons in the countries that were reported are listed, compared and discussed. Population dynamics in the Caribbean are characterized by the rapid pace at which the demographic aging process is occurring. Despite significant ongoing changes in this area, very few studies have examined the Caribbean region. Nevertheless, Caribbean governments would clearly benefit from being made aware of such changes in their finest detail; among other things, a thorough comprehension of population dynamics would aid these governments in adequately planning the financing of their social security and health programs. / La dinámica demográfica actual de la región del Caribe es muy particular, especialmente por la rapidez con la que la población envejece, ya que es uno de los ritmos más acelerados con respecto a otras regiones del mundo. Asuntos cruciales, tales como asegurar la calidad de vida de los ancianos del presente y del futuro, así como una gestión eficaz de esas sociedades deben ser considerados. El presente estudio difunde los resultados de un análisis específico de las características sociodemográficas de los adultos mayores de cuatro Estados del Caribe (Antigua y Barbuda, Santa Lucía, San Vicente y las Granadinas y Trinidad y Tobago) a partir de datos de su censo mas reciente. Este retrato enfatiza los grandes temas de los tres objetivos del Plan de Acción Internacional de Madrid sobre el Envejecimiento: las condiciones de vida, la salud y la participación en el mercado laboral de los adultos mayores. Por otro lado son examinados los efectos de los cinco primeros años de vigencia del Plan de Madrid sobre las poblaciones caribeñas. La información, obtenida por medio de entrevistas efectuadas con contactos de algunos países caribeños, es sintetizada e identifica los esfuerzos desplegados principalmente por los gobiernos para incluir los objetivos del Plan de Madrid y de otros asuntos del envejecimiento demográfico en los mecanismos y las políticas de desarrollo social y económico, así como el respeto de los derechos humanos.

Accessibility of health care in the Czech Republic according to the geodemographic characteristics of the population Abstract Public healthcare is a subject that affects us all. The health and medical status of the population is a key measure of how advanced a country is. That is why healthcare issues attract so much debate. A number of factors affect the health of a nation. On one hand there are factors such as how individuals look after their health. Dietary habits, sufficient physical exercise and preventive care are all factors that the individual has control over. On the other hand, however, there are determinants affecting whether healthcare take-up is adequate. The cost of providing healthcare and medical equipment together with healthcare accessibility - the topic of this thesis - are factors affecting the population's health. It is the duty of all public healthcare stakeholders to limit the impact of these determiners. One of the main barriers to healthcare take-up is accessibility. On 1 January 2013 government decree no. 307/2012 Coll. came into effect quantifying healthcare accessibility for the first time. This law stipulates the local and travel time accessibility that ensures accessibility depending on type of healthcare on the basis of an upper travel time limit or waiting period....

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T20:05:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 18 / Nenhuma / O presente estudo transversal objetivou traçar o perfil epidemiológico dos idosos associados a um plano de saúde e verificar a capacidade funcional dos indivíduos, através do Índice de Barthel, e os fatores associados. A população deste estudo incluiu todos os associados do plano (titulares e seus respectivos dependentes), pertencentes à faixa etária de 60 anos ou mais. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizados dois questionários: um socioeconômico familiar e outro individual de saúde. Ambos os instrumentos foram auto-respondidos. Quanto à capacidade funcional entre 254 participantes idosos, quatro (1,6%) indivíduos apresentavam dependência total, uma (0,4%) pessoa com dependência grave, uma (0,4%) moderada, 29 (11,4%) leve e 219 (86,2%) foram classificados como independentes. Assim, a variável foi agregada de forma que 86,2% foram classificados como independentes e 13,8% (IC95% 9,5 a 18,0) com dependência. Na análise ajustada, apenas idade manteve-se associado ao desfecho. Os resultados mostraram que os indiví / This cross sectional study aimed to investigate the fuctional capacity of elders and its associated factors. The study population was all health isuarance holders aged 60 years or more. Data colection was made by a self-completed questionnaire and included sociodemographic and health data. Fuctional capacity was measured by the Barthel index. From the 254 participants, four (1,6%) reported total dependency, one (0,4%) severe dependency, one moderate dependency, 29 (11,4%) slight dependency and 219 (86,2%) were classified as independents. The outcome was defined as people having any kind of dependecy. Therefore the prevalence of functional incapacity was 13,8% (IC95% 9,5 a 18,0). Only one varible was significant in the multivariate models. Subjects aged 80 years or more had higher probability of functional incapacity compared with those aged 60-79 years. In high socioeconomic level populations there is a possibility of survival bias

La dynamique démographique ayant cours au sein de la région des Caraïbes est très particulière, notamment par la rapidité avec laquelle la population vieillit, un rythme des plus élevés par rapport aux autres régions du monde. Les enjeux cruciaux que sont ceux d’assurer la qualité de vie des aînés d’aujourd’hui et de demain ainsi qu’une gestion efficace de ces sociétés vieillissantes se doivent d’être abordés et pris en compte. Le présent mémoire diffuse les résultats d'une analyse ciblée des caractéristiques sociodémographiques des personnes âgées de quatre États des Caraïbes (Antigua-et-Barbuda, Sainte-Lucie, Saint-Vincent-et-les-Grenadines et Trinité-et-Tobago) à partir des données de leur plus récent recensement. Ce portrait met une emphase particulière sur les conditions de vie, la santé et la participation sur le marché du travail des personnes âgées, soit sur les grands thèmes des trois objectifs du Plan d’action international sur le vieillissement de Madrid. Par ailleurs, un regard est posé sur les effets des cinq premières années en vigueur du Plan de Madrid sur les populations caribéennes. Les informations obtenues à la suite d’interviews effectués auprès de personnes contacts de quelques pays caribéens sont synthétisées et identifient les efforts déployés principalement par les gouvernements pour inclure les objectifs du Plan de Madrid et autres enjeux du vieillissement démographique dans les mécanismes et les politiques de développement social et économique ainsi que ceux de respect des droits humains. / This study presents the major findings of a statistical analysis of population census data sets (2000 census round) for four countries in the Caribbean region: Antigua and Barbuda, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Trinidad and Tobago. It analyses national census data with a specific focus on the elderly population: their health and well-being, including a discussion of their living arrangements and economic security. A basic descriptive analysis of the variables and synthetic indicators is presented and discussed. Furthermore, in the context of the review and appraisal of the implementation of the Madrid International Plan of Action on Aging, information collected through the Survey on Programs for Older Persons in the Caribbean is presented and synthesized. An attempt is made to describe in detail the aging national programs and actions that have been implemented in the English-speaking countries of the Caribbean since the adoption of the Madrid Plan in 2002. The main changes and challenges to the quality of life of older persons in the countries that were reported are listed, compared and discussed. Population dynamics in the Caribbean are characterized by the rapid pace at which the demographic aging process is occurring. Despite significant ongoing changes in this area, very few studies have examined the Caribbean region. Nevertheless, Caribbean governments would clearly benefit from being made aware of such changes in their finest detail; among other things, a thorough comprehension of population dynamics would aid these governments in adequately planning the financing of their social security and health programs. / La dinámica demográfica actual de la región del Caribe es muy particular, especialmente por la rapidez con la que la población envejece, ya que es uno de los ritmos más acelerados con respecto a otras regiones del mundo. Asuntos cruciales, tales como asegurar la calidad de vida de los ancianos del presente y del futuro, así como una gestión eficaz de esas sociedades deben ser considerados. El presente estudio difunde los resultados de un análisis específico de las características sociodemográficas de los adultos mayores de cuatro Estados del Caribe (Antigua y Barbuda, Santa Lucía, San Vicente y las Granadinas y Trinidad y Tobago) a partir de datos de su censo mas reciente. Este retrato enfatiza los grandes temas de los tres objetivos del Plan de Acción Internacional de Madrid sobre el Envejecimiento: las condiciones de vida, la salud y la participación en el mercado laboral de los adultos mayores. Por otro lado son examinados los efectos de los cinco primeros años de vigencia del Plan de Madrid sobre las poblaciones caribeñas. La información, obtenida por medio de entrevistas efectuadas con contactos de algunos países caribeños, es sintetizada e identifica los esfuerzos desplegados principalmente por los gobiernos para incluir los objetivos del Plan de Madrid y de otros asuntos del envejecimiento demográfico en los mecanismos y las políticas de desarrollo social y económico, así como el respeto de los derechos humanos.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-04-08T13:33:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 marlucerodriguesgodinho.pdf: 3209157 bytes, checksum: ba0072813b08baac0becf80c6a3cf2f0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-04-24T03:51:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 marlucerodriguesgodinho.pdf: 3209157 bytes, checksum: ba0072813b08baac0becf80c6a3cf2f0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-24T03:51:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 marlucerodriguesgodinho.pdf: 3209157 bytes, checksum: ba0072813b08baac0becf80c6a3cf2f0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-18 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Nos últimos anos, o Brasil vem passando por um dos mais significativos processos de envelhecimento da população ativa em todo o mundo, mas diferentemente dos países desenvolvidos, no Brasil este processo não vem sendo acompanhado pelo crescimento econômico, melhoria do bem-estar e diminuição das desigualdades. Devido a isto, serão necessárias diversas mudanças no que diz respeito ao mercado de trabalho e ao perfil das políticas públicas, no sentido de possibilitar a manutenção da capacidade para o trabalho e a autonomia física e mental dos trabalhadores no decorrer dos anos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a capacidade para o trabalho dos servidores públicos de uma instituição de ensino superior e os fatores associados. Foi desenvolvido um estudo transversal com uma amostra aleatória de 600 trabalhadores técnico-administrativos em educação e para calcular a capacidade para o trabalho foi utilizado o Índice de Capacidade para o Trabalho (ICT). A população de estudo foi composta, predominantemente: por homens (51,5%), com idade média de 45 anos (DP=±11), casados ou vivendo em união estável (61,5%), com pós-graduação (56,7%), que trabalham em apenas um emprego (83,3%), com carga horária semanal menor ou igual a 40 horas (78,6%), não trabalham à noite (79,8%), tem contato direto com o público (58,3%) e obtiveram capacidade para o trabalho predominantemente boa ou ótima (84,7%). A análise multivariada, realizada através de regressão de Poisson e controlado por idade e sexo, mostrou que os fatores associados significativamente ao baixo ICT foram: escolaridade até ensino médio (RP= 2,04; IC95% 1,03-3,75), autoavaliação de saúde geral ruim (RP= 2,34; IC95% 1,11-3,27), presença de sinais e sintomas de depressão (RP= 4,52; IC95% 2,03-6,01), sedentarismo (RP= 2,90; IC95% 1,35-4,77), baixo apoio social no trabalho (RP= 3,97; IC95% 1,66-4,45), absenteísmo por doença um ou mais dias (RP= 3,82; IC 95% 1,62-4,46) e as exigências do trabalho predominatemente mentais (RP= 0,54; IC95% 0,32-0,90). Os resultados do estudo mostraram que, embora a maior parte dos trabalhadores tenham apresentado boa ou ótima capacidade para o trabalho, ainda houve uma pequena porcentagem com baixa ou moderada capacidade, o que indica a necessidade de implementação de medidas de apoio direcionadas a eles, visando melhorar sua capacidade e prevenir que eles se tornem incapacitados para o trabalho ao longo do tempo. Além disso, são necessárias medidas direcionadas aos demais trabalhadores, a fim de manter sua capacidade para o trabalho, explicando a eles sobre os fatores nocivos e sobre aqueles que colaboram com a manutenção desta condição. / In recent years, Brazil has experienced one of the most significant processes of aging of the active population in the world, but unlike developed countries, this process has not been accompanied by economic growth, improvement of well-being level and decreased inequalities. Because of this, it will require several changes with regard to the labor market and the profile of public policy, in order to allow the maintenance of work ability and physical and mental autonomy of workers over the years. The objective of this study is to analyze the capacity for work of public servants of a higher education institution and associated factors. We developed a cross-sectional study with a random sample of 600 technical-administrative workers in education and to measure work ability was used for the Work Ability index (WAI). The study population was predominantly composed of: males (51.5%), mean age 45 years, married or cohabitating (61.5%), with post-graduate (56.7%), which work on only one job (83.3%), with weekly hours less than or equal to 40 hours (78.6%), do not work at night (79.8%), direct contact with the public (58.3 %) and obtained ability to work predominantly good or excellent (84.7%). Multivariate analysis realized through Poisson regression and controlled for age and sex, showed that factors significantly associated with low WAI were: schooling until high school (PR = 2.04, CI95% 1.03 to 3.75), self-assessed poor general health (PR = 2.34, CI95% 1.11 to 3.27), presence of signs and symptoms of depression (PR = 4.52, CI95% 2.03 to 6.01), physical inactivity (PR = 2.90, CI95% 1.35 to 4.77), low social support at work (PR = 3.97, CI95% 1.66 to 4.45), work absenteeism due to illness by a day or more (PR = 3.82, CI95% 1.62 to 4.46) and the requirements of predominately mental work (PR = 0.54 CI95% 0.32 to 0.90). The results of the study showed that although most workers have shown good or excellent work ability, there was still a small percentage with low or moderate capacity, which indicates the need for implementation of support measures directed at them, aiming improve its capacity and prevent them from becoming unable to work over time . In addition, measures necessary directed to other workers in order to maintain their work ability, explaining to them about the harmful factors and those who collaborate with the maintenance of this condition.