Thesis (Ph. D.)--Miami University, Dept. of Political Science, 2008. / Title from second page of PDF document. Includes bibliographical references (p. 152-162).

Este trabalho tem por objetivo trazer um estudo teórico-bibliográfico exploratório sobre a precarização do trabalho, dos direitos e da política previdenciária no contexto brasileiro. Baseado na teoria social de Marx, o esforço de análise parte do tratamento da figura do trabalho no que se refere à proteção social no decorrer do último século e na atualidade no cenário brasileiro. Busca também situar o processo de regulamentação das profissões como marca histórico-institucional da relação entre capital e trabalho, donde emerge inclusive a formulação da concepção de cidadania. Enfoca a questão da proteção social previdenciária em face da trajetória de conformação do mercado de trabalho brasileiro. Tal movimento induz à tentativa de reconstrução do processo de formação, de estruturação e recentemente de desestruturação do mercado de trabalho brasileiro, o qual, entende-se, tem suas raízes na formação social brasileira e na natureza das relações desenvolvidas entre capital e trabalho ao longo do último século. Verifica-se um adensamento das seqüelas sociais iniciadas no período e a redução das expectativas de consolidação da chamada sociedade salarial. Em tempos de Contra-Reforma, as drásticas alterações no mundo do trabalho e a flexibilização das relações de produção capitalistas se potencializam. Em relação à postura estatal, verifica-se ainda uma priorização dos interesses mercantis em detrimento das reais necessidades do Trabalho, o que se demonstra através dos Programas de Inclusão Previdenciária Plano Simplificado de Previdência e a cobertura ao Microempreendedor Individual -, como meio de resposta do Estado à questão da informalidade. As tendências identificadas a partir desta análise são de persistência e aprofundamento da precarização na cobertura, dada pela restrição ao acesso aos benefícios previdenciários, previstos em lei, que se traduz numa segmentação de direitos. O estudo realizado se consubstanciou em uma abordagem exploratória teórico-bibliográfica, onde se buscou estabelecer correlação entre o conteúdo bibliográfico, a legislação pertinente, dados estatísticos e outros documentos oficiais. / This work aims to bring a theoretical and exploratory literature on precarious employment, rights and welfare policy in the Brazilian context. Based on the social theory of Marx, the analytical effort begins with the treatment given to the figure of the work in relation to social protection in the course of the last century and today in Brazilian context. It also seeks to situate the process of regulation of professions as brand historical-institutional relationship between capital and labor, from which emerges including the formulation of the concept of citizenship . Focuses on the issue of social protection social security in the face of trajectory shaping the Brazilian labor market. This movement leads to attempt to reconstruct the process of formation, structuring and - recently - the destructuring of the Brazilian labor market which, it is understood, has its roots in Brazilian social formation and the nature of relationships developed between capital and labor over the last century. There is an intensification of social negative effects initiated in the period and reduced expectations consolidation of the so called salaried society. In times of Counter-Reformation, the drastic changes in the world of work and relaxation of capitalist production relations are intensified. Regarding posture of the government, there is also a priority of the mercantile interests in detriment of the real needs of the labor, which is shown through the Programs" Inclusion " Social Security - Simplified Pension Plan and the coverage to the Individual Micro Entrepreneur - as a means of State's response to the issue of informality. Trends identified from this analysis are persistence and deepening instability in the coverage given by the restriction of access to social security benefits provided by law, which expresses a segmentation of rights. The study is an exploratory approach embodied in theoretical literature, which sought to establish a correlation between the content literature, relevant legislation, statistical and other official documents.

Este trabalho tem por objetivo trazer um estudo teórico-bibliográfico exploratório sobre a precarização do trabalho, dos direitos e da política previdenciária no contexto brasileiro. Baseado na teoria social de Marx, o esforço de análise parte do tratamento da figura do trabalho no que se refere à proteção social no decorrer do último século e na atualidade no cenário brasileiro. Busca também situar o processo de regulamentação das profissões como marca histórico-institucional da relação entre capital e trabalho, donde emerge inclusive a formulação da concepção de cidadania. Enfoca a questão da proteção social previdenciária em face da trajetória de conformação do mercado de trabalho brasileiro. Tal movimento induz à tentativa de reconstrução do processo de formação, de estruturação e recentemente de desestruturação do mercado de trabalho brasileiro, o qual, entende-se, tem suas raízes na formação social brasileira e na natureza das relações desenvolvidas entre capital e trabalho ao longo do último século. Verifica-se um adensamento das seqüelas sociais iniciadas no período e a redução das expectativas de consolidação da chamada sociedade salarial. Em tempos de Contra-Reforma, as drásticas alterações no mundo do trabalho e a flexibilização das relações de produção capitalistas se potencializam. Em relação à postura estatal, verifica-se ainda uma priorização dos interesses mercantis em detrimento das reais necessidades do Trabalho, o que se demonstra através dos Programas de Inclusão Previdenciária Plano Simplificado de Previdência e a cobertura ao Microempreendedor Individual -, como meio de resposta do Estado à questão da informalidade. As tendências identificadas a partir desta análise são de persistência e aprofundamento da precarização na cobertura, dada pela restrição ao acesso aos benefícios previdenciários, previstos em lei, que se traduz numa segmentação de direitos. O estudo realizado se consubstanciou em uma abordagem exploratória teórico-bibliográfica, onde se buscou estabelecer correlação entre o conteúdo bibliográfico, a legislação pertinente, dados estatísticos e outros documentos oficiais. / This work aims to bring a theoretical and exploratory literature on precarious employment, rights and welfare policy in the Brazilian context. Based on the social theory of Marx, the analytical effort begins with the treatment given to the figure of the work in relation to social protection in the course of the last century and today in Brazilian context. It also seeks to situate the process of regulation of professions as brand historical-institutional relationship between capital and labor, from which emerges including the formulation of the concept of citizenship . Focuses on the issue of social protection social security in the face of trajectory shaping the Brazilian labor market. This movement leads to attempt to reconstruct the process of formation, structuring and - recently - the destructuring of the Brazilian labor market which, it is understood, has its roots in Brazilian social formation and the nature of relationships developed between capital and labor over the last century. There is an intensification of social negative effects initiated in the period and reduced expectations consolidation of the so called salaried society. In times of Counter-Reformation, the drastic changes in the world of work and relaxation of capitalist production relations are intensified. Regarding posture of the government, there is also a priority of the mercantile interests in detriment of the real needs of the labor, which is shown through the Programs" Inclusion " Social Security - Simplified Pension Plan and the coverage to the Individual Micro Entrepreneur - as a means of State's response to the issue of informality. Trends identified from this analysis are persistence and deepening instability in the coverage given by the restriction of access to social security benefits provided by law, which expresses a segmentation of rights. The study is an exploratory approach embodied in theoretical literature, which sought to establish a correlation between the content literature, relevant legislation, statistical and other official documents.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:34:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lygia Maria de Godoy B Cavalcanti.pdf: 1409218 bytes, checksum: 1455a89d4a4fb8cb5bed6075ae9b9487 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-06-28 / Os questionamentos que envolvem o tema sobre a flexibilização do Direito do Trabalho vêm acompanhados dos prognósticos de que o seu envelhecimento e a rigidez de suas normas são responsáveis pela crise econômica. Os anos 70 do século XX marcaram o despontar de uma significativa crise econômica com reflexo no mundo do trabalho, mas a dimensão de tal crise não se circunscreve no plano econômico-social, tendo inquestionável matiz ideológica. No contexto dessa crise, a flexibilização ou a desregulação das normas justrabalhistas despontam como solução. A presente dissertação busca enfrentar esse debate, partindo inicialmente da desmistificação de que o Direito do Trabalho se encontra em crise e afirmando-o como instrumento de justiça social. Em seguida, demonstra-se o falacioso discurso da flexibilização como sinônimo de modernidade e uma necessidade premente com vistas à criação de postos de trabalho. A flexibilização e a desregulação exacerbada dos direitos trabalhistas apontam sim nefastos efeitos no plano socioeconômico dos países ocidentais que a implantaram. O estudo enfatiza os fundamentos ideológicos da flexibilização, demonstrando ser ela parte de uma estratégia econômica de raiz neoliberal que se baseia no desmonte do elemento protecionista, ou seja, auspicia-se por um contrato de trabalho destituído das regras tutelares e com predominância da vontade das partes. Assim, a falta de clareza no discurso sobre a flexibilidade do Direito do Trabalho urge que se perquiram os propósitos declarados e ocultos desse fenômeno.

When booking a trip along the railway through several train operators it is not uncommon that information about possible disruptions along the railway (that can change or cancel the booked trip) are not relayed to the passengers. Today, research on rail traffic in Sweden is limited. It is unclear how satisfied customers are with the quality of the information they receive during their trip (if they get it at all), including with respect to disruptions. Our partners have identified what they believe is a need among train operators, which is a service for disruption information to travelers. In addition to confirming that there is a need for such a service, we have an interest to investigate how such a service might look like and what the users want. Our research has shown that passengers are not satisfied with either the amount of information about disturbances or how often they get it. Along with KnowitBorlänge, we have come up with a proposed solution that uses already existing technologies to create a portal for an efficient way to get the interference information to travelers. / Vid bokandet av en resa längs med järnvägen via flera tågbolag så finns (i dagens läge) inte alltid information kring eventuella störningar längs med järnvägen som kan förändra eller ställa in den bokade resan. I dag är forskning kring bantrafiken i Sverige begränsad. Det är oklart hur nöjda resenärer är med kvalitén på den information de får kring sin resa (om de får den överhuvudtaget), bland annat med avseende på störningar. Vår samarbetspartner har identifierat vad de tror är ett behov hos tågbolag, vilket är en tjänst för information om tågtrafiken för resenärer. Utöver att bekräfta att det här behovet finns har vi även ett intresse att undersöka hur en sådan här tjänst skulle kunna se ut och vad användarna vill ha. Vår forskning har visat att resenärerna inte är nöjda med varken mängden information om störningar eller hur ofta de får den. Tillsammans med Knowit Borlänge har vi kommit fram till ett lösningsförslag som använder befintliga tekniker för att skapa en portal som på ett effektivt sätt levererar störningsinformation till resenärer.

Le calcium (Ca2+) joue un rôle prépondérant dans la fonction de nos neurones et du système nerveux central. Différents travaux ont rapporté que la dérégulation de l’homéostasie calcique, est associée au développement de la Maladie d’Alzheimer (MA). Durant ma thèse, j’ai étudié l’implication de deux acteurs importants de l’homéostasie calcique du Réticulum Endoplasmique (RE) : 1) le Récepteur de la Ryanodine (RyR) faisant sortir le Ca2+ vers le cytosol et 2) l’isoforme tronquée de la Sarco-Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ ATPase 1 (S1T), ayant perdu la fonction de pompe calcique et jouant un rôle dans la fuite passive du Ca2+ du RE. Au cours de ma thèse j’ai démontré le mécanisme moléculaire impliqué dans la dérégulation de l’activité de l’isoforme RyR2 dans des modèles d’étude in vitro et in vivo de la MA. Nous avons montré que le RyR2 subit des modifications post-traductionnelles (MPTs) (phosphorylation, oxydation, nitrosylation) dans le cerveau de patients atteints de la MA et dans des modèles murins de la maladie. Nous avons identifié une cascade dans laquelle l’Amyloïde β (Aβ) active les récepteurs β2-Adrénergiques, conduisant aux MPTs du RyR2 aboutissant à la dissociation de la protéine régulatrice Calstabine2 du macrocomplexe du RyR2 et à l’augmentation de la fuite de Ca2+ du RE. Nous avons aussi mis en évidence la possibilité de réduire les MPTs du RyR2 et de stabiliser la Calstabine2 sur le macrocomplexe RyR2 en inhibant pharmacologiquement la cascade β2-Adrénergique. Par ailleurs, nous avons également stabilisé la Calstabine2 par des moyens pharmacologiques (in vitro et in vivo) ou génétiques (in vivo). Nos résultats montrent que cela permet non seulement de limiter la fuite de Ca2+ mais également de réduire le métabolisme du Précurseur du Peptide Amyloïde (APP) et les dépôts d’Aβ in vitro et in vivo et le déficit cognitif et les défauts de plasticité synaptique dans deux modèles murins d’étude de la MA. Nos résultats ont également montré l’existence d’une boucle d’amplification de la pathologie dans laquelle la dérégulation calcique liée au RyR accroit la production de l’Aβ qui va en retour induire les modifications du RyR. Par ailleurs, je me suis également intéressé à l’implication potentielle de S1T dans la MA. Nos résultats révèlent : 1) l’expression de S1T dans les cerveaux de patients Alzheimer et dans un modèle in vitro de la MA ; 2) l’induction de S1T par l’Aβ, 3) l’impact de l’expression de S1T sur le métabolisme de l’APP et 4) l’impact de l’expression de S1T sur la neuroinflammation dans des modèles in vitro et in vivo. L’article issu de cette seconde étude est en cours de soumission. Ainsi l’augmentation de la fuite du Ca2+ du RE vers le cytosol semble être particulièrement impliquée dans la physiopathologie de la MA. Le canal RyR2 se révèlerait être un candidat intéressant à cibler pour des approches thérapeutiques visant à réguler son activité dans le but de prévenir ou guérir la MA. / Calcium (Ca2+) plays a major role in the function of our neurones and central nervous system. Various studies reported that the deregulation of Ca2+ homeostasis is associated with the development of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). During my PhD, I studied the implication in two important actors of the Endoplasmic (ER) Ca2+ homeostasis. 1) The Ryanodine Receptor (RyR) which leads Ca2+ from the ER towards the cytosol and 2) the truncated isoform of the Sarco-Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ ATPase 1 (S1T), which loses its Ca2+ pump function and plays a role in the ER passive Ca2+ leak. During my thesis I demonstrated the molecular mechanism involved in the deregulation of RyR2 isoform activity in in vitro and in vivo AD models. We have shown that RyR2 undergoes post-translational modifications (PTMs) (phosphorylation, oxidation, nitrosylation) in the brains of patients with AD and in murine models of the disease. We have identified a cascade in which Amyloid β (Aβ) activates β2-adrenergic receptors, leading to RyR2 PTMs resulting in dissociation of Calstabine2 regulatory protein from RyR2 macrocomplex and increased ER Ca2+ leakage. We have also demonstrated the possibility of reducing RyR2 PTMs and stabilizing Calstabine2 on the RyR2 macrocomplex by pharmacologically inhibiting the β2-adrenergic cascade. In addition, we have also stabilized Calstabine2 by pharmacological (in vitro and in vivo) or genetic (in vivo) means. Our results show that this is not only limiting Ca2+ leakage but also reducing the Amyloid Peptide Precursor (APP) metabolism and Aβ deposits in vitro and in vivo, and cognitive deficit and synaptic plasticity defects. two murine models of AD. Our results also showed the existence of a loop amplificating the pathology in which RyR-related calcium deregulation increases the production of Aβ, which in turn induces RyR modifications. In addition, I was also interested in the potential involvement of S1T in AD. Our results reveal: 1) the expression of S1T in the brains of Alzheimer patients and in an in vitro model of AD; 2) the induction of S1T by Aβ, 3) the impact of S1T expression on the metabolism of APP and 4) the impact of S1T expression on neuroinflammation in in vitro and in vivo models. The article from this second study is being submitted. Thus, the increase of the ER Ca2+ leakage towards the cytosol appears to be particularly involved in the pathophysiology of AD. The RyR2 channel would prove to be an interesting candidate to target for therapeutic approaches aimed at regulating its activity in order to prevent or cure AD.

This master's thesis desribes the import process of aggregate invoices and prepayments into the gas trader's SAP IS-U information system. It explains some of the essential SAP terms and contains an analysis of final product requirements. Additionally, it concerns the implementation of the designed solution itself and describes achieved results. In conclusion, it mentions possible extensions.

Over the past 20 years, there were several low-cost airlines identified as the most successful airlines in Europe according to the number of transported passengers. Theoretical part of the thesis has several objectives. It is an analysis of the airlines success it selves as well as an analysis of their gradual development in low cost air travel within Europe and description of the low-cost aviation market in Europe in terms of the history and competitiveness. The practical part which is the main objective of the thesis is an overall analysis of the differences in business models of low-cost carriers and the impact of these differences on the development of their economic and operational performance.

The diploma thesis "Critical analysis of the housing stock and prediction of its devel-opment" provides comprehensive information of the residential market development in the context of demographic, political and economic factors. This thesis explores the possibility of involvement of methodological ways to improve market transparency in the housing and its development and research. Analysis of residential market contained in the first few chapters is based on predicting the market in terms of optimistic, pessimistic and realistic market devel-opment assuming the interaction of certain macroeconomic and microeconomic conditions according to the scenario.

No description available.