O cálculo dos vetores de movimento é utilizado em vários processos na área de visão computacional. Problemas como estabelecer rotas de colisão e movimentação da câmera (egomotion) utilizam os vetores como entrada de algoritmos complexos e que demandam muitos recursos computacionais e consequentemente um consumo maior de energia. O fluxo ótico é uma aproximação do campo gerado pelos vetores de movimento. Porém, para aplicações móveis e de baixo consumo de energia se torna inviável o uso de computadores de uso geral. Um sistema embarcado é definido como um computador desenvolvido com um propósito específico referente à aplicação na qual está inserido. O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi elaborar um módulo em sistema embarcado que realiza o cálculo do fluxo ótico. Foi elaborado um co-projeto de hardware e software dedicado e implementados em FPGAs Cyclone II e Stratix IV para a prototipação do sistema. Desta forma, a implementação de um projeto que auxilia a detecção e medição do movimento é importante não só como aplicação isolada, mas para servir de base no desenvolvimento de outras aplicações como tracking, compressão de vídeos, predição de colisão, etc / The motion vectors calculation is used in many processes in the area of computer vision. Problems such as establishing collision routes and the movement of the camera (egomotion) use this vectors as input for complexes algorithms that require many computational and energy resources. The optical flow is an approximation of the field generated by the motion vectors. However, for mobile, low power consumption applications becomes infeasible to use general-purpose computers. An embedded system is defined as a computer designed with a specific purpose related to the application in which it is inserted. The main objective of this work is to implement a hardware and software co-design to assist the optical flow field calculation using the CycloneII and Stratix IV FPGAs. Sad that, it is easily to see that the implementation of a project to help the detection and measurement of the movement can be the base to the development of others applications like tracking, video compression and collision detection

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi estabelecer os parâmetros psicométricos dos Cubos de Kohs para crianças e adolescentes do município de Curitiba, e obter normas do instrumento para esta população, para avaliação do funcionamento executivo relacionado às áreas pré-frontais do cérebro. Assim, foi realizada a adaptação dos sistemas de pontuação e aplicação do teste e obtidos os parâmetros de validade, precisão e discriminação dos itens. A amostra foi composta por 543 participantes de 7 a 14 anos, sendo 49,7% do gênero masculino, matriculados em escolas municipais (21,2%), estaduais (39%) e particulares (39,8%) de Curitiba-PR. Os instrumentos foram os Cubos de Kohs, a cópia da Figura Complexa de Rey e o subteste Labirintos do WISC-III. Os resultados para o sistema de pontuação indicaram que o total de acertos na realização dos itens foi a variável que melhor representou o funcionamento executivo, mas o mesmo não ocorreu com os movimentos extras. Por isso, optou-se por dicotomizar os escores dos itens considerando a presença de acertos. A análise do tempo de execução dos itens mostrou a necessidade de aumentar o limite de tempo de execução dos itens. Foi o estabelecido o critério de suspensão do teste após quatro erros consecutivos. Para a discriminação dos itens, obtiveram-se índices D entre 11,1 e 90,7, bem como correlações ponto-bisseriais entre 0,30 e 0,75, indicando que são suficientemente discriminativos. A validade de constructo foi investigada pela análise fatorial (método de componentes principais, rotação promax). Os resultados indicaram uma estrutura unidimensional para os Cubos de Kohs. O fator encontrado apresentou autovalor de 7,42 e explicou 44% da variância total dos itens, com alfa de Cronbach de 0,92. As cargas fatoriais oscilaram de 0,35 a 0,78 (70% acima de 0,60), indicando que os itens são bons representantes comportamentais do constructo medido pelo instrumento. A validade de critério para a função executiva de planejamento foi investigada utilizando-se dois instrumentos. Assim, uma comparação entre participantes com magnitudes diferentes de planejamento (analisado pela cópia da Figura de Rey) indicou uma diferença significativa nos escores dos Cubos (t=3,9; gl=165; p< 0,001). Além disso, observouse uma correlação entre a pontuação nos Cubos e na Figura de Rey (r=0,50; p<0,001). De forma semelhante, foi encontrada correlação entre os Cubos de Kohs e os Labirintos do WISC-III (r=0,48; p=0,004). Os resultados mostraram validade concorrente satisfatória para o instrumento. O coeficiente de precisão do teste pelo método das metades (correlação de Pearson com correção de Spearman-Brown), foi r=0,88 (p<0,001). Não foram observadas diferenças entre os gêneros (t=1,22; p=0,22). No entanto, uma diferença significativa foi verificada entre crianças de escolas públicas municipais e as demais escolas (F=24,75; p<0,001), bem como entre destros e canhotos (t=2,03; p=0,04). Por fim, foram construídas tabelas normativas considerando as diferenças encontradas entre as idades (F=23,26; p<0,001). / The purpose of this research was to analyze the psychometric parameters of Kohs Block Test for children and adolescents from Curitiba, to establish norms for this population and to assess the executive function connected to the prefrontal areas of the brain. Thereby, an adaptation of the administration and scoring test systems were developed, and were obtained parameters of validity, reliability and discrimination of the items. The sample was composed by 543 participants ranging from 7 to 14 years old, being 49.7% male, enrolled in municipal (21.2%), state (39%) and private schools (39.8%) of Curitiba-Pr. The instruments were the Kohs Block Test, the copy of the Rey Complexe Figure and the Maze WISC-III subtest. The results for the scoring system pointed out a relationship between the total score of the test and the executive functions, which was not observed in relation to the extra movements. For this reason, was chosen the scores of the items considering the presence of correct responses were dichotomized. The analysis of time execution of the items indicated the need to increase their time limits. It was established that the best criteria for interruption of the test was after four consecutive errors. For the items discrimination, it was obtained D index between 11.1 and 90.7, and point bisserial correlations ranging between 0.30 and 0.75, indicating that items were sufficiently discriminative. The construct validity was investigated by factor analysis (main components method, promax rotation). The results indicated a unidimensional structure for the Kohs Cubes. The factor found presented eigenvalue of 7.42 and explained 44% of the total variance of the items, with Cronbach\'s Alpha of 0.92. The load factors ranged from 0.35 to 0.78 (70% over 0.60), indicating that the items are good behavioral representatives of the construct assessed by the test. The criterion validity for the executive function of the planning was investigated using two instruments. Thereby, a comparison among participants with different magnitudes of planning (analyzed by the copy of the Rey Figure) indicated a significant difference in the scores of the Cubes (t=3.9; gl=165; p<0.001). Moreover, it was observed a correlation between the punctuation in the Cubes and in the Rey Figure (r=0.50; p<0.001). Similarly, it was found a correlation between the Kohs Block Test and the Mazes WISC-III subtest (r=0.48; p=0.004). Both findings suggested adequate simultaneous validity coefficients to the instrument. The reliability coefficient obtained split half method (Pearson correlation with Spearman-Brown correction), was 0.88 (p<0.001). There were no differences between genres (t=1.22; p=0.22). However, a significant difference was verified between children from municipal public schools and other schools (F =24.75; p<0.001), as well as between right-handed and left-handed (t=2.03; p=0.04). In conclusion, normative tables were developed considering the differences found between the ages (F=23.26; p<0,001).

Private sector, government and the academia have been recognizing the value of a \'designerly\' approach to business problems, in the context that the traditional technical-rationality has been insufficient to address issues in the contemporary volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous environment. Design Thinking has been growing since Tim Brown, CEO of a prestigious global design agency, started advocating and disseminating this approach in the business environment ten years ago. As more organizations are implementing Design Thinking (DT), this research aims to analyze the relation between individuals\' Readiness for adopting DT in organizations and their thinking styles, namely Rationality and Experientiality. From the literature review, some authors characterize Design Thinking by its focus on human needs, open objectives so creativity can arise, iteratively, reliance on qualitative methods, intuition and experience, - to name some of the characteristics. Accordingly, the initial hypothesis of this research stated that individuals with high Experientiality score would be the ones with higher Readiness to adopt Design Thinking. A quantitative survey was designed based on existing instruments in the academic literature. For assessing the thinking styles, the Rationality-Experientiality Inventory (REI) developed by Pacini & Epstein (1999) was integrally applied; for measuring the individual\'s Readiness for adoption of Design Thinking, the Readiness for Organizational Change Measure (ROCM) developed by Holt, Armenakis, Feild, & Harris (2007b) was partially applied; and to collect the respondents\' understanding on Design Thinking, questions were designed based on the paper published by Glen, Suciu & Baughn (2014). The sample size had 251 valid respondents from the state of Sao Paulo (Brazil), with declared knowledge or experience with Design Thinking. One-way ANOVA was conducted to determine significant differences within the terciles of Rationality, Experientiality and Readiness-for-change and between the thinking styles terciles and the score of Readiness for adopting Design Thinking; Regression Analysis was conducted to determine, among all variables in the research, which are the ones explaining Readiness for adopting Design Thinking. The results pointed out that the group of individuals with high score of Rationality (third tercile) presented higher Readiness for adopting Design Thinking, as well as the third and first terciles of Experientiality. Furthermore, when Rationality and Experientiality scores were analyzed together, both thinking styles did have influence on the individuals\' Readiness for adopting Design Thinking. The understanding of the level of individual\'s thinking styles provides some light on the challenges ahead regarding the acceptance of Design Thinking. Smoother and more efficient change management programs can be designed for educational programs relying on Design Thinking or for departments in organizations implementing Design Thinking. These findings may implicate in further researches in the cognitive field of Design Thinking, as the success of DT adoption in organizations can be influenced by the thinking style profile which is dominant in the selected department or functional area to be implemented. / Private sector, government and the academia have been recognizing the value of a \'designerly\' approach to business problems, in the context that the traditional technical-rationality has been insufficient to address issues in the contemporary volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous environment. Design Thinking has been growing since Tim Brown, CEO of a prestigious global design agency, started advocating and disseminating this approach in the business environment ten years ago. As more organizations are implementing Design Thinking (DT), this research aims to analyze the relation between individuals\' Readiness for adopting DT in organizations and their thinking styles, namely Rationality and Experientiality. From the literature review, some authors characterize Design Thinking by its focus on human needs, open objectives so creativity can arise, iteratively, reliance on qualitative methods, intuition and experience, - to name some of the characteristics. Accordingly, the initial hypothesis of this research stated that individuals with high Experientiality score would be the ones with higher Readiness to adopt Design Thinking. A quantitative survey was designed based on existing instruments in the academic literature. For assessing the thinking styles, the Rationality-Experientiality Inventory (REI) developed by Pacini & Epstein (1999) was integrally applied; for measuring the individual\'s Readiness for adoption of Design Thinking, the Readiness for Organizational Change Measure (ROCM) developed by Holt, Armenakis, Feild, & Harris (2007b) was partially applied; and to collect the respondents\' understanding on Design Thinking, questions were designed based on the paper published by Glen, Suciu & Baughn (2014). The sample size had 251 valid respondents from the state of Sao Paulo (Brazil), with declared knowledge or experience with Design Thinking. One-way ANOVA was conducted to determine significant differences within the terciles of Rationality, Experientiality and Readiness-for-change and between the thinking styles terciles and the score of Readiness for adopting Design Thinking; Regression Analysis was conducted to determine, among all variables in the research, which are the ones explaining Readiness for adopting Design Thinking. The results pointed out that the group of individuals with high score of Rationality (third tercile) presented higher Readiness for adopting Design Thinking, as well as the third and first terciles of Experientiality. Furthermore, when Rationality and Experientiality scores were analyzed together, both thinking styles did have influence on the individuals\' Readiness for adopting Design Thinking. The understanding of the level of individual\'s thinking styles provides some light on the challenges ahead regarding the acceptance of Design Thinking. Smoother and more efficient change management programs can be designed for educational programs relying on Design Thinking or for departments in organizations implementing Design Thinking. These findings may implicate in further researches in the cognitive field of Design Thinking, as the success of DT adoption in organizations can be influenced by the thinking style profile which is dominant in the selected department or functional area to be implemented.

Les experiències prèvies en l'àmbit dels magatzems de dades (o data warehouse), mostren que l'esquema multidimensional del data warehouse ha de ser fruit d'un enfocament híbrid; això és, una proposta que consideri tant els requeriments d'usuari com les fonts de dades durant el procés de disseny.Com a qualsevol altre sistema, els requeriments són necessaris per garantir que el sistema desenvolupat satisfà les necessitats de l'usuari. A més, essent aquest un procés de reenginyeria, les fonts de dades s'han de tenir en compte per: (i) garantir que el magatzem de dades resultant pot ésser poblat amb dades de l'organització, i, a més, (ii) descobrir capacitats d'anàlisis no evidents o no conegudes per l'usuari.Actualment, a la literatura s'han presentat diversos mètodes per donar suport al procés de modelatge del magatzem de dades. No obstant això, les propostes basades en un anàlisi dels requeriments assumeixen que aquestos són exhaustius, i no consideren que pot haver-hi informació rellevant amagada a les fonts de dades. Contràriament, les propostes basades en un anàlisi exhaustiu de les fonts de dades maximitzen aquest enfocament, i proposen tot el coneixement multidimensional que es pot derivar des de les fonts de dades i, conseqüentment, generen massa resultats. En aquest escenari, l'automatització del disseny del magatzem de dades és essencial per evitar que tot el pes de la tasca recaigui en el dissenyador (d'aquesta forma, no hem de confiar únicament en la seva habilitat i coneixement per aplicar el mètode de disseny elegit). A més, l'automatització de la tasca allibera al dissenyador del sempre complex i costós anàlisi de les fonts de dades (que pot arribar a ser inviable per grans fonts de dades).Avui dia, els mètodes automatitzables analitzen en detall les fonts de dades i passen per alt els requeriments. En canvi, els mètodes basats en l'anàlisi dels requeriments no consideren l'automatització del procés, ja que treballen amb requeriments expressats en llenguatges d'alt nivell que un ordenador no pot manegar. Aquesta mateixa situació es dona en els mètodes híbrids actual, que proposen un enfocament seqüencial, on l'anàlisi de les dades es complementa amb l'anàlisi dels requeriments, ja que totes dues tasques pateixen els mateixos problemes que els enfocament purs.En aquesta tesi proposem dos mètodes per donar suport a la tasca de modelatge del magatzem de dades: MDBE (Multidimensional Design Based on Examples) and AMDO (Automating the Multidimensional Design from Ontologies). Totes dues consideren els requeriments i les fonts de dades per portar a terme la tasca de modelatge i a més, van ser pensades per superar les limitacions dels enfocaments actuals.1. MDBE segueix un enfocament clàssic, en el que els requeriments d'usuari són coneguts d'avantmà. Aquest mètode es beneficia del coneixement capturat a les fonts de dades, però guia el procés des dels requeriments i, conseqüentment, és capaç de treballar sobre fonts de dades semànticament pobres. És a dir, explotant el fet que amb uns requeriments de qualitat, podem superar els inconvenients de disposar de fonts de dades que no capturen apropiadament el nostre domini de treball.2. A diferència d'MDBE, AMDO assumeix un escenari on es disposa de fonts de dades semànticament riques. Per aquest motiu, dirigeix el procés de modelatge des de les fonts de dades, i empra els requeriments per donar forma i adaptar els resultats generats a les necessitats de l'usuari. En aquest context, a diferència de l'anterior, unes fonts de dades semànticament riques esmorteeixen el fet de no tenir clars els requeriments d'usuari d'avantmà.Cal notar que els nostres mètodes estableixen un marc de treball combinat que es pot emprar per decidir, donat un escenari concret, quin enfocament és més adient. Per exemple, no es pot seguir el mateix enfocament en un escenari on els requeriments són ben coneguts d'avantmà i en un escenari on aquestos encara no estan clars (un cas recorrent d'aquesta situació és quan l'usuari no té clares les capacitats d'anàlisi del seu propi sistema). De fet, disposar d'uns bons requeriments d'avantmà esmorteeix la necessitat de disposar de fonts de dades semànticament riques, mentre que a l'inversa, si disposem de fonts de dades que capturen adequadament el nostre domini de treball, els requeriments no són necessaris d'avantmà. Per aquests motius, en aquesta tesi aportem un marc de treball combinat que cobreix tots els possibles escenaris que podem trobar durant la tasca de modelatge del magatzem de dades. / Previous experiences in the data warehouse field have shown that the data warehouse multidimensional conceptual schema must be derived from a hybrid approach: i.e., by considering both the end-user requirements and the data sources, as first-class citizens. Like in any other system, requirements guarantee that the system devised meets the end-user necessities. In addition, since the data warehouse design task is a reengineering process, it must consider the underlying data sources of the organization: (i) to guarantee that the data warehouse must be populated from data available within the organization, and (ii) to allow the end-user discover unknown additional analysis capabilities.Currently, several methods for supporting the data warehouse modeling task have been provided. However, they suffer from some significant drawbacks. In short, requirement-driven approaches assume that requirements are exhaustive (and therefore, do not consider the data sources to contain alternative interesting evidences of analysis), whereas data-driven approaches (i.e., those leading the design task from a thorough analysis of the data sources) rely on discovering as much multidimensional knowledge as possible from the data sources. As a consequence, data-driven approaches generate too many results, which mislead the user. Furthermore, the design task automation is essential in this scenario, as it removes the dependency on an expert's ability to properly apply the method chosen, and the need to analyze the data sources, which is a tedious and timeconsuming task (which can be unfeasible when working with large databases). In this sense, current automatable methods follow a data-driven approach, whereas current requirement-driven approaches overlook the process automation, since they tend to work with requirements at a high level of abstraction. Indeed, this scenario is repeated regarding data-driven and requirement-driven stages within current hybrid approaches, which suffer from the same drawbacks than pure data-driven or requirement-driven approaches.In this thesis we introduce two different approaches for automating the multidimensional design of the data warehouse: MDBE (Multidimensional Design Based on Examples) and AMDO (Automating the Multidimensional Design from Ontologies). Both approaches were devised to overcome the limitations from which current approaches suffer. Importantly, our approaches consider opposite initial assumptions, but both consider the end-user requirements and the data sources as first-class citizens.1. MDBE follows a classical approach, in which the end-user requirements are well-known beforehand. This approach benefits from the knowledge captured in the data sources, but guides the design task according to requirements and consequently, it is able to work and handle semantically poorer data sources. In other words, providing high-quality end-user requirements, we can guide the process from the knowledge they contain, and overcome the fact of disposing of bad quality (from a semantical point of view) data sources.2. AMDO, as counterpart, assumes a scenario in which the data sources available are semantically richer. Thus, the approach proposed is guided by a thorough analysis of the data sources, which is properly adapted to shape the output result according to the end-user requirements. In this context, disposing of high-quality data sources, we can overcome the fact of lacking of expressive end-user requirements.Importantly, our methods establish a combined and comprehensive framework that can be used to decide, according to the inputs provided in each scenario, which is the best approach to follow. For example, we cannot follow the same approach in a scenario where the end-user requirements are clear and well-known, and in a scenario in which the end-user requirements are not evident or cannot be easily elicited (e.g., this may happen when the users are not aware of the analysis capabilities of their own sources). Interestingly, the need to dispose of requirements beforehand is smoothed by the fact of having semantically rich data sources. In lack of that, requirements gain relevance to extract the multidimensional knowledge from the sources.So that, we claim to provide two approaches whose combination turns up to be exhaustive with regard to the scenarios discussed in the literature

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar a tipografia pintada no centro da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. A escolha da área de pesquisa busca mensurar a importância da pintura manual como técnica de produção de elementos tipográficos na paisagem urbana de um bairro central de uma grande cidade, bem como a situação atual do ofício dos pintores de letras, principais responsáveis pela sua produção. Foi realizado um levantamento fotográfico extensivo por toda área, assim como uma série de entrevistas com os pintores. Uma revisão bibliográfica buscou identificar onde outros trabalhos dessa natureza são contextualizados à luz da teoria do design, principalmente através da investigação do vernacular como categoria analítica. Foram buscadas referências históricas relacionadas ao ofício da pintura de letras, a fim de comparações com o discurso dos pintores atuais, do qual foram apropriados elementos que, juntamente com a teoria do design e da tipografia, foram utilizados para a construção de um sistema de análise, que incluiu entre suas diretrizes a produção de dados quantitativos que permitam identificar os recursos mais recorrentes que constituem a linguagem gráfica pesquisada. / This research aims to analyze the hand painted typography in uptown Rio de Janeiro city. One of the aims in choosing this area for analysis was to measure the importance of hand painting as a technique for producing typographic elements in the urban landscape of a central neighborhood of a big city. Another aim was to analyze the current state of the letter painters craft, who are mainly responsible for producing these elements. An extensive photographic survey sought out to identify where other works of this nature were contextualized in design theory, mainly through the investigation of the vernacular as analytical category. Historic references related to the craft of letter painting were collected for the purpose of comparison with what the current painters have to say. From these speeches, elements were taken andconsidered alongside design and typography theories, and used to build an analysis system. Among the guidelines of this analysis system is the production of quantitative data that enable to identify the most recurrent resources that comprise the graphic language investigated.

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar a tipografia pintada no centro da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. A escolha da área de pesquisa busca mensurar a importância da pintura manual como técnica de produção de elementos tipográficos na paisagem urbana de um bairro central de uma grande cidade, bem como a situação atual do ofício dos pintores de letras, principais responsáveis pela sua produção. Foi realizado um levantamento fotográfico extensivo por toda área, assim como uma série de entrevistas com os pintores. Uma revisão bibliográfica buscou identificar onde outros trabalhos dessa natureza são contextualizados à luz da teoria do design, principalmente através da investigação do vernacular como categoria analítica. Foram buscadas referências históricas relacionadas ao ofício da pintura de letras, a fim de comparações com o discurso dos pintores atuais, do qual foram apropriados elementos que, juntamente com a teoria do design e da tipografia, foram utilizados para a construção de um sistema de análise, que incluiu entre suas diretrizes a produção de dados quantitativos que permitam identificar os recursos mais recorrentes que constituem a linguagem gráfica pesquisada. / This research aims to analyze the hand painted typography in uptown Rio de Janeiro city. One of the aims in choosing this area for analysis was to measure the importance of hand painting as a technique for producing typographic elements in the urban landscape of a central neighborhood of a big city. Another aim was to analyze the current state of the letter painters craft, who are mainly responsible for producing these elements. An extensive photographic survey sought out to identify where other works of this nature were contextualized in design theory, mainly through the investigation of the vernacular as analytical category. Historic references related to the craft of letter painting were collected for the purpose of comparison with what the current painters have to say. From these speeches, elements were taken andconsidered alongside design and typography theories, and used to build an analysis system. Among the guidelines of this analysis system is the production of quantitative data that enable to identify the most recurrent resources that comprise the graphic language investigated.

abstract: The thesis covers the development and modeling of the supervisory hybrid controller using two different methods to achieve real-world optimization and power split of a parallel hybrid vehicle with a fixed shaft connecting the Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) and Electric Motor (EM). The first strategy uses a rule based controller to determine modes the vehicle should operate in. This approach is well suited for real-world applications. The second approach uses Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP) approach in conjunction with an Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy (ECMS) strategy to keep the vehicle in the most efficient operating regions. This latter method is able to operate the vehicle in various drive cycles while maintaining the SOC with-in allowed charge sustaining (CS) limits. Further, the overall efficiency of the vehicle for all drive cycles is increased. The limitation here is the that process is computationally expensive; however, with advent of the low cost high performance hardware this method can be used for the hybrid vehicle control. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Engineering 2017

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-08-21Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:20:16Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 menin_m_me_bauru.pdf: 2582375 bytes, checksum: 9ac80bce611d113caf77acd4193372ba (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O homem moderno faz uso de calçados por aproximadamente 8 horas/dia e, quando este produto é inadequado aos aspectos biomecânicos e antropométricos das extremidades dos membros inferiores (EMI's), podem ocorrer desconfortos ou lesões. Alguns estudos têm sido desenvolvidos no Brasil sobre ergonomia e usabilidade no design de calçados, entretanto, entre os vários aspectos a serem explorados, destaca-se a necessidade de adequação antropométrica deste produto. Os calçados devem ter dimensões e formatos próprios para a realidade das diferentes categorias populacionais como, por exemplo, a qual apresenta uma maior carga física nas EMI's e, portanto, está mais propensa ao surgimento ou agravamento de doenças nesta região. São poucas as pesquisas sobre a antropometria de obesos e inexistem aquelas que tratam especificamente de dados referentes às dimensões das EMI's desses indivíduos. É importante ressaltar que esta faixa populacional vem crescendo em todo o mundo nos últimos anos, o que demanda o desenvolvimento de produtos especializados, a partir de critérios ergonômicos mais precisos. Portanto, este estudo tem como objetivo realizar um levantamento antropométrico das EMI's de indivíduos obesos e não obesos, utilizando-se para isso de procedimentos metodológicos sistematizados, permitindo analisar as diferenças entre estes indivíduos. Foram coletados dados de percepção de conforto no uso de calçados e 30 variáveis antropométricas das EMI's de 84 sujeitos adultos, sendo 42 obesos e 42 não obesos de ambos os gêneros. Os resultados afirmam que as duas faixas populacionais aqui comparadas encontram dificuldades em adquirir calçados e, também, que ambas sentem desconforto ao utilizá-los. Quanto às variáveis antropométricas, 17 apresentaram diferença estatisticamente significativa, particularmente nas dimensões relacionadas às circunferências... / The modern man uses shoes for about 8 hours per day, and when this product is inappropriate to anthropometric and biomechanical aspects of the lower limbs extremities, discomfort and/or diseases can happen. Some studies about usability and, however, among the various aspects to be explored, there is the need anthropometric adaptation for this product. The shoes must have own size and own shape to reality of ergonomic in shoes designing have been developed in Brazil different population categories, such as the population of obese people, which has a greater physical burden on lower limbs extremities and therefore it's more prone to the occurence or worsening of diseases in this region. The are few researches about anthropometry of obesity and there are no ones that specifically deal data related to the size of these individuals' lower limbs extremities. It's important to not that this population is growing up in the whole whole world last years, which demands the development of specialized products, from more accurate ergonomic criterion. Therefore, this stufy aims to achieve an anthropometric survey of non-obese and obese individual's lower limbs extremities, using systematic methodological procedures, allowing analyzing the differences between these individuals. Data on perceptions of comfort was collected using shoes and 30 anthropometric variables of 84 adult people'lower limbs extremities, divided into 42 obese and 42 non-obese patients of both genders. The results affirm that both compared population have difficulties to bye shoes, and also that they fell uncomfortable to use them. About anthropometric variables, 17 showed statistically significant difference, particularly in the dimensions related to circles. Thus it demonstrates the real need of the application of ergonomic design and anthropometric data of obese people in the modeling and desegning shoes.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-09-14Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:51:28Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 souza_at_me_bauru.pdf: 16885214 bytes, checksum: e974fef72194a2e267c8f353609ebafd (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / As constantes transformações sociais, culturais e políticas influenciam diretamente a vida das pessoas e delimitam suas necessidades e gostos. As tendências têm o papel de sinalizar por meio desses fatos as preferências das pessoas em relação aos objetos, podendo ser, portanto, grandes aliadas do design, já que este trabalha com projeto que é uma atividade de planejamento do futuro. Neste contexto, este trabalho teve por objetivo caracterizar o emprego das tendências na metodologia de projeto de móveis residenciais brasileiros. Para tanto: foram estudados aspectos teóricos que deram origem à fundamentação; foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo em cinco indústrias do Pólo Moveleiro de Arapongas/PR; e uma pesquisa de possíveis referências para o desenvolvimento de móveis no Brasil. os resultados indicaram: o uso incorreto e equivocado do conceito de tendência e o desconhecimento do modo que elas operam; a falta de conhecimento a respeito do perfil do consumidor nas indústrias do setor; a preocupação com as vendas e não o consumidor enquanto usuário do móvel; e por fim, a existência de fontes brasileiras de referências, mas a falta de profissionais especializados que poderiam decodificar essas fontes. / Constant social, cultural and political transformatios influence directly people's life and define their needs and tastes. Trends are the role of signaling through these facts as people's preferences regarding to objects and can therefore be match to great design, as it works on that project is an activity of planning for future. In this context, this study aimed to characterize trends job in Brazilians home design methodology. For both: theoretical aspects were studied that led to reasoning, was a field research in five industries of Furniture Pole of Arapongas/PR, and a search for possible reference to development of furniture in Brazil. Results indicated: misure and mistaken concepts of trend and ignorance of how they operate, lack of knowledge about industries sector consumer profile, the concern about sales and not with consumer as furniture user and finally, the existence of Brazilian sources of references but the lack of skilled professionals that could decode these sources.

Orientador: Marizilda dos Santos Menezes / Banca: Paula da Cruz Landim / Banca: Denise Dantas / Resumo: As constantes transformações sociais, culturais e políticas influenciam diretamente a vida das pessoas e delimitam suas necessidades e gostos. As tendências têm o papel de sinalizar por meio desses fatos as preferências das pessoas em relação aos objetos, podendo ser, portanto, grandes aliadas do design, já que este trabalha com projeto que é uma atividade de planejamento do futuro. Neste contexto, este trabalho teve por objetivo caracterizar o emprego das tendências na metodologia de projeto de móveis residenciais brasileiros. Para tanto: foram estudados aspectos teóricos que deram origem à fundamentação; foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo em cinco indústrias do Pólo Moveleiro de Arapongas/PR; e uma pesquisa de possíveis referências para o desenvolvimento de móveis no Brasil. os resultados indicaram: o uso incorreto e equivocado do conceito de tendência e o desconhecimento do modo que elas operam; a falta de conhecimento a respeito do perfil do consumidor nas indústrias do setor; a preocupação com as vendas e não o consumidor enquanto "usuário" do móvel; e por fim, a existência de fontes brasileiras de referências, mas a falta de profissionais especializados que poderiam decodificar essas fontes. / Abstract: Constant social, cultural and political transformatios influence directly people's life and define their needs and tastes. Trends are the role of signaling through these facts as people's preferences regarding to objects and can therefore be match to great design, as it works on that project is an activity of planning for future. In this context, this study aimed to characterize trends job in Brazilians home design methodology. For both: theoretical aspects were studied that led to reasoning, was a field research in five industries of Furniture Pole of Arapongas/PR, and a search for possible reference to development of furniture in Brazil. Results indicated: misure and mistaken concepts of trend and ignorance of how they operate, lack of knowledge about industries sector consumer profile, the concern about sales and not with consumer as "furniture user" and finally, the existence of Brazilian sources of references but the lack of skilled professionals that could decode these sources. / Mestre