Diferentes políticas de colonização levaram migrantes à Amazônia Legal Brasileira e análises econômicas e políticas dessas marchas já foram realizadas. Todavia, pesquisas que analisam a memória cultural dos atores desse processo – os migrantes e os atingidos pelas políticas de colonização (neste caso os indígenas Xavante) – ainda são escassas. Buscando auxiliar no preenchimento dessa lacuna, este trabalho se baseia em uma pesquisa qualitativa realizada em uma pequena cidade do Mato Grosso – Nova Xavantina –, tendo como objetivo compreender como a memória da cidade é mobilizada para segregar os Xavante no cenário local. A análise percorreu três eixos – mídia, educação e política – e estes apontam que a memória celebrada e destacada como oficial no município é a do grupo que chegou à região a partir da primeira política de colonização – a Marcha para o Oeste –, mesmo que os indígenas já estivessem no espaço antes. O trabalho mostrou também os meios usados para invisibilizar a memória Xavante em uma cidade que tem em seu nome uma homenagem aos indígenas, mas que lhes nega o protagonismo na história local. / Different colonization policies led migrants to the Brazilian Legal Amazon and economic and political analyses of these marches had already been carried out. However, research that analyzes the cultural memory of the actors in this process - migrants and those affected by colonization policies (in this case the Xavante Indians) - are still scarce. To fill this gap, this work is based on a qualitative research carried out in a small town of Mato Grosso - Nova Xavantina. The purpose is to understand how the memory of the town is mobilized to segregate the Xavante in the local scenario. The investigation covered three axes - media, education and politics - and these point out that the memory celebrated and highlighted as official in the municipality is from the group that arrived in the region in the first policy of colonization - the March to the West -, even though the natives had already been in space before. The research also showed the means used to make the Xavante memory invisible in a town that has in its name a tribute to the Indians, but which denies them the leading role in local history.

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No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Débora Mota da Silva.pdf: 25629997 bytes, checksum: 87954e2cafd9cbc8b026403a9960ebd5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-15 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This thesis approaches the daily consumption of manioc gum and starch which may contain alterations and invisibilities not evident at first contact, but apparent. Manioc gum is consumed on a daily routine, but it also hides an alteration that may not noticeable at first sight. The consumption of manioc starch in Manacapuru, which was previously the consumption of manioc gum, constitutes an aspect of these alterations along the years. The objective is to analyze and discuss the changes in the consumption of handmade manioc gum and starch and how these hidden, almost invisible, alterations are inserted on our daily routine by enlarging the debate to the scope of federal, state and municipal development policies. For this purpose, we employed a methodology from the present to the past and returning to the present for deeper understanding, based on a Lefebvrian perspective, as well as a field research in Manacapuru, and secondary data from official bodies linked to the production of manioc gum and starch. The emergence of cities related to agricultural activities in the Amazon set the relationship between rural and urban, city and field, sometimes harmonious sometimes conflicting. The field supplies the cities with agricultural products, but at the same time, it acquires industrialized products from the cities. The industry changes this relationship, also reflecting on the commercialized manioc gum in the city of Manacapuru, which used to be produced locally through traditional processes and along the years resulted in an exogenous industrialized manioc starch, that is, produced in another Brazilian state, in this case, Paraná. This new product enters the local market in the fairs of Manacapuru covered with handmade gum and passing through a rehydration process. The differentiation between handmade manioc gum and industrialized manioc starch is based on the production process. While manioc gum is produced in an artisanal way, without employing much technology, the production of manioc starch follows an industrial process, with intensive use of technology. The starch industry in Brazil has been encouraged by a larger demand of this product since 2001, but its industrial process has been occurring since the 1950s, a period when it was employed in several industrial fields and the regions concentrating the starch already had a production tradition. Considering the substitution in the consumption of handmade manioc gum with exogenous industrialized manioc starch, some development policies were announced, studied and planned by federal, state and municipal public authorites, as a set or isolated. Among the empirical projects, the construction of a starch industry in the Amazon still has a long way to cover, since in the fairs of Manacapuru, as well as other cities in the Amazon, the commercialized manioc starch is clearly from another state, which implies that the policies inherent to this product did not reach or were not sufficient to enable its development in the state. / A presente dissertação aborda o consumo da goma e da fécula de mandioca inserido no cotidiano, que pode conter transformações e invisibilidades, que em primeiro contato não é evidente e sim aparente. O consumo da goma de mandioca pode ser algo cotidiano, mas ao mesmo tempo esconde uma transformação não perceptível a uma observação simples. O consumo da fécula de mandioca em Manacapuru, que anteriormente era o consumo da goma de mandioca, constitui aspecto das alterações com o passar dos anos. O que se pretende é analisar e discutir a mudança no consumo da goma de mandioca artesanal e fécula industrializada e como essas mudanças veladas, quase imperceptíveis, estão inseridas na vida cotidiana que nos cerca, que estamos nela e ao mesmo tempo fora dela. Ampliando o debate para as esferas de políticas de desenvolvimento no nível federal, estadual e municipal para enfrentar essa substituição. Para alcançar essa proposta utilizou-se o emprego de uma metodologia partindo do presente para o passado retornando ao presente para compreendê-lo, com base em uma visão lefebvriana, assim como uma pesquisa de campo em Manacapuru, e com dados secundários em órgãos oficiais que estariam vinculados a produção da goma e fécula de mandioca. O surgimento das cidades, dentre elas as cidades da Amazônia atrelada às atividades agrícolas, bem como outras atividades, marcam a relação entre rural e urbano, cidade e campo, essa relação ora harmoniosa ora conflituosa. O campo abastece as cidades com produtos agrícolas ao mesmo tempo em que adquire produtos industrializados da cidade. A indústria muda esta relação, esta mudança ocorre também com a goma de mandioca comercializada na cidade de Manacapuru que antes era produzida localmente em moldes tradicionais e com o passar dos anos surgiu uma fécula de mandioca industrializada exógena, ou seja, produzida em outro estado brasileiro, Paraná. Este novo produto entra no mercado local nas feiras de Manacapuru revestido de goma artesanal, passando por um processo de reidratação. A diferenciação entre goma de mandioca artesanal e fécula industrializada de mandioca está baseada na forma de processo de produção da mesma. Enquanto a goma de mandioca é produzida artesanalmente sem o emprego de muita tecnologia, a produção de fécula obedece a um processo industrial, com uso intenso de tecnologia em quantidades maiores. A indústria da fécula no Brasil foi incentivada pela maior procura por este produto a partir do ano de 2001, mas seu processo industrial ocorre desde a década de 1950, período em que é empregada em diversos ramos industriais, e as regiões onde as fecularias estão concentradas já possuíam uma tradição na produção de fécula. Diante da substituição no consumo da goma de mandioca artesanal pela fécula industrializada exógena algumas políticas de desenvolvimento são anunciadas, estudadas e planejadas pelos poderes públicos federal, estadual e municipal, em conjunto ou isoladas, mas entre os projetos empíricos e realização de uma indústria de fécula no Amazonas um longo caminho está sendo percorrido, pois é visível nas feiras de Manacapuru, bem como em outras cidades amazonenses, o comércio da fécula de mandioca oriunda de outro estado, o que denota que as políticas inerentes a esse produto não alcançaram ou não foram suficientes para possibilitarem o desenvolvimento deste produto no estado

Despite twenty-five years of membership in the European Union (EU), academic contributionsfor understanding a possible impact of the EU membership on Swedish municipalities hasshined with their absence. Thus, municipalities make up a largely un-explored character in thefield concerned with European integrational aspects. The issue of how the EU affects a memberstate has hitherto been biased to the usage of a top-down lens and has mainly focused oncomprehending larger institutional bodies. This thesis takes its point of departure from thisdelivered criticism, by contributing to the burgeoning literature on how municipalities act andinteract with higher tiers of government in a multi-level governance system. Assessing the caseof four municipalities residing in northern Sweden this thesis offers insights into howmunicipalities interact using intergovernmental relations with the Swedish national governmentand the EU through a creation and implementation of strategies for advocating territorialinterests. By conducting interviews, the thesis confirms that a wide array of intergovernmentalrelations or interactions are used in order for promoting ‘northern positions’ to both a nationaland European level. A pattern shows that advocacy actions from subnational actors are directedvertically, while at the same time coordinated horizontally. Individual actors, mainly electedlocal politicians, plays a rather central part in these actions, by using a party channel foradvocating local views. In conclusion, this thesis reveal amongst all that the EU has in factimpacted municipalities in northern Sweden by creating incentives for them to advocate theirinterests towards the central government.

Global social injustice and inequalities remain deeply embedded in our globalized world, often explained as a consequence of the current economic structures and institutions. Therefore, there has been an increase in arenas that attracts mobilization of the global civil society to oppose the neoliberal economic globalization and combat social injustices and inequalities. The World Social Forum (WSF) is an example of an arena that emerged with these purposes. However, research shows that there are criticism regarding the character and function of the WSF. This literature study examines the reasons behind the criticism and compares them with the WSF’s charter of principles to see if the WSF is living up to its ideals. It also analyzes if the WSF’s principles are reflected in the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the 2030 Agenda. This is done through a content analysis and within the framework of social justice and transnational public sphere. The study concludes that the WSF does not live up to its ideals because of a lack in organizational structure, exclusive and elitist character, and also the inequalities and inequities that are reinforced within the WSF. Moreover, the study shows that the WSF’s principles can be found among the 17 SDGs in the 2030 Agenda which can indicate that the WSF has had an indirect role in influencing global development policies.

Information and communications technology (ICT) makes remote access to information possible. Resource sharing facilitates the provision of access to information sources not owned by an individual library. Case studies were conducted at the University of South Africa and University of Namibia libraries to explore the provision of access to information in academic libraries in southern Africa through collection development, resource sharing and acquiring remote access to electronic resources through ICT facilities. It was found that both libraries have recently adapted their collection development policies to accommodate electronic resources although their budgets did not increase accordingly. The recruitment of ICT knowledgeable staff tends to be a problem at both libraries. Resources are shared via interlending and document supply with Unisa Library as a model in southern Africa. Both libraries add their holdings to the national bibliographies and Sabinet and are members of GAELIC. However, the UNAM library is a passive partner. A consortium within Namibia’s borders is suggested to improve resource sharing. / Information Science / M. A. (Information Science)

There is a rising tendency among countries to prioritise some sports over others and make higher investments of money and resources in their elite development (Green and Oakley, 2001). Such policies and strategies are adopted in the UK, too. Some sports are considered more likely to bring Olympic medals than others and therefore, they are targeted to receive higher funding. Those placed outside the selection are more likely to face challenges in practices to develop their winning potential. Following further research in this occurrence, authors have sought evidences for an inter-relation between funding and performance (Garrett, 2004; Green, 2005; De Bosscher, et.al 2006). In addition, some have explored other influential factors and have stressed on the importance of participation in sport, as the quality and quantity of the talent pool plays a vital role in elite athletes’ development (Sam, 2012; Girginov and Hills, 2008; Shibli, 2012). As a result of an in-depth research, an extensive academic knowledge on Elite Sports policies and sport development has been built, as well as on each of the concepts of funding, performance and participation. There are many studies focused on the case of the UK in particular (Houlihan, 2004; Green, 2006). However, fewer authors have studied these concepts in pairs (mainly funding and performance), and none have examined the relationship and impacts of all three (Grix and Phillpots, 2011; Vayens, et.al 2009; Martindale, et.al 2007). This research will aim to establish if such relationship exists between Olympic sports funding distribution, Olympic performance, and national participation numbers. It will provide a critical review of the British sport system and relevant policies, and it will explore where the written policies do not reflect the relevant actions undertaken. Using mixed methods the impacts of the applied policies will be critically discussed. The gap this study aims to fulfil will contribute to the existing knowledge on elite sport development by providing a better understanding on how funding, performance and participation are related and the impacts some taken-for-granted assumptions have caused.

Esta dissertação procura analisar o artigo 219 da Constituição Brasileira sob a ótica das políticas econômicas do desenvolvimento. Em seu texto, o referido artigo garante como parte integrante do patrimônio nacional o mercado interno, prescrevendo seu incentivo a fim de proporcionar o desenvolvimento econômico, social e cultural, bem como a autonomia tecnológica e o bem-estar de toda a população. Partindo dos pressupostos teóricos da Constituição Federal de 1988 como sendo uma constituição dirigente, esta dissertação foca-se sobre o referido dispositivo encarando-o como artigo pertencente à chamada constituição econômica formal. Assim, esta pesquisa se propõe a estudar os três principais discursos nacionais sobre o desenvolvimento econômico, ao mesmo tempo em que busca na literatura econômico-constitucional as melhores análises sobre o referido artigo. / This study intends to analyze the article 219 of the Brazilian Constitution, under the view of the policies for economic development. In its text, the referred article grants the Brazilian internal market as part of the national patrimony. Further, the article prescribes its economic stimulus, intending to provide cultural, social and economic development, as well as social welfare and technological independence. Assuming that the Brazilian Constitution is a typical José Canotilhos directive constitution model, this study focuses on the referred article, facing it as a part of the Brazilian economic constitution. Thereby, proposes to study the three main national thesis about economic development, as the same time as it searches on the Brazilian constitutional and economic literature the best analysis on the cited article.

A presente dissertação de mestrado é um estudo a respeito das práticas que engendram políticas públicas de desenvolvimento no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. A partir da investigação de um movimento criado pelos empresários, tratase de desvendar a complexa trama que vincula as principais lideranças empresariais entre si, e, essas a autoridades governamentais. Examina-se o caminho percorrido desde a construção, elaboração de demandas, até o encaminhamento ao setor público das políticas do setor. Objetiva-se, por fim, analisar as concepções específicas de desenvolvimento que estão associadas ao processo de construção das referidas políticas. / The present master thesis is a study of the practices which engender public development policies in the State of Rio Grande do Sul. Through the investigation of a movement formed by entrepreneurs, this work tries to unravel a complex business affair which ties the main business leadership among them and those governmental authorities. This work also examines the procedure from the construction and elaboration of demands, to the guiding to the public sector, as well as the policies of this sector. We aim to analyze the specific conceptions of development which are associated to the process of construction of the referred policies.

RÉSUMÉ « De nos jours, notent Samoff et Carrol, la Banque mondiale doit être considérée à la fois comme une banque, une agence de développement et un institut de recherche » (2004, p9). L’institution de Bretton Woods est en effet devenue notamment dans le cadre du développement des PED, à la fois une banque de prêt et une institution de savoir ; « le laboratoire d’idées sur le développement le plus important au monde », précisent Wilks et Lefrançois (2002). Cependant, si elle reste un partenaire idéologique et financier pour le développement de ces pays, la Banque mondiale est aussi en même temps dans le paysage des relations économiques internationales contemporaines une véritable superpuissance, une figure importante de la dominance mondiale d’aujourd’hui. Les programmes de développement qu’elle professe et met en œuvre dans les PED y sont de ce fait également les discours et pratiques de développement dominants. Mais le discours de développement de la Banque mondiale dans les PED, outre qu’il y soit le savoir dominant du développement, se veut aussi par ailleurs un discours d’érudition : un corps de connaissances savant de développement, qui dans sa formulation comme dans son contenu revendique l’appartenance à une certaine rationalité, vise à une certaine « scientificité ». Partant, la question autour de laquelle s’organise la présente thèse et qui est au cœur de sa problématique est la suivante : le programme de développement que la Banque mondiale destine aux PED dans sa dimension discursive en particulier, est-il pour autant rationnel et raisonnable ? En d’autres termes : de quel crédit scientifique et moral peut jouir ce programme; de quelle cohérence, de quel réalisme, et de quelle adéquation sociale, peut se prévaloir un tel système de pensées et d’actions de développement ? Mais interroger les bien-fondés épistémologiques de son programme de développement dans les PED revient aussi au plans politique et social à questionner cette position de dominance qu’occupe la Banque mondiale dans ces pays. Aussi notre questionnement général s’enchaîne-t-il comme suit: ce pouvoir d’autorité de la Banque mondiale dans les PED, tire t-il sa légitimité d’un fondement rationnel convaincant, capable de résister à la critique, ou plutôt, s’enracine t-il dans une confusion idéologique sciemment instaurée et entretenue ou comme dit Rist, dans le « pouvoir de celui qui parvient à l’imposer» ? / ABSTRACT « Our days, Samoff and Carrol note, the World Bank must be considered at the same time as a bank, an agency of development and an institute of research” (2004, p9). The institution of Bretton Woods indeed became in particular within the framework of the development of the Developing Countries, at the same time “ a bank of loan” and a “bank of knowing”. « The laboratory of ideas on the most significant development in the world”, Wilks and Lefrançois (2002) specify. Ideological and financial partner for the development of the Developing Countries, the World Bank is in addition also, an important figure of world predominance today; in the landscape of the contemporary international economic relations, a true super power. And so the programs of development which it professes and implements in the Developing Countries, are there also the speeches and practical development dominant. But this speech of development of the World Bank in the Developing Countries, in addition to it is the dominant ideology of the development there, wants to be an erudite speech also: a body of knowledge of development of scholarship, which in its formulation as in its contents, asserts the membership of a certain rationality, aims at a certain “scientificity”. Therefore, the question which organizes the present thesis is as follows: is the program of development which the World Bank intends for the Developing Countries, for as much rational and reasonable? In other words: which scientific and moral credit this program can enjoy; of which coherence, of which realism, and which social adequacy, can be prevailed such a system of thoughts and actions of development? But to question the epistemological cogency of the PDBM in the Developing Countries, also amounts questioning this position of predominance which the World Bank in these countries occupies. Also we also wonder: this capacity of authority of the World Bank in the Developing Countries, does it draw its legitimacy from a rational base? Can it in this direction resist a critical examination who wants to be rational? The feeling which animates us here and which is also the general assumption that this work of thesis tries to validate, is that with good of regards the PDBM enracine rather in a knowingly founded and maintained ideological confusion, that in a rational step convincing, able to resist criticism. Here as in other similar registers, it could be well that indeed, like Gilbert Rist writes it, “the truth or orthodoxy hardly depends on the contents of the speech but rather of the capacity of that which manages to impose it.” (2003)

A presente dissertação de mestrado é um estudo a respeito das práticas que engendram políticas públicas de desenvolvimento no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. A partir da investigação de um movimento criado pelos empresários, tratase de desvendar a complexa trama que vincula as principais lideranças empresariais entre si, e, essas a autoridades governamentais. Examina-se o caminho percorrido desde a construção, elaboração de demandas, até o encaminhamento ao setor público das políticas do setor. Objetiva-se, por fim, analisar as concepções específicas de desenvolvimento que estão associadas ao processo de construção das referidas políticas. / The present master thesis is a study of the practices which engender public development policies in the State of Rio Grande do Sul. Through the investigation of a movement formed by entrepreneurs, this work tries to unravel a complex business affair which ties the main business leadership among them and those governmental authorities. This work also examines the procedure from the construction and elaboration of demands, to the guiding to the public sector, as well as the policies of this sector. We aim to analyze the specific conceptions of development which are associated to the process of construction of the referred policies.