This study presents a comparative analytical investigation of two divergent yet parallel doctrines of self-realization. John Dewey, a distinguished American thinker, represents a naturalist pragmatist conception of self-realization on the one hand, and 'Allama Tabataba'i, a renowned Muslim philosopher, an Islamic perception on the other. While Dewey is considered a spokesperson for modern American pragmatist and humanist thought, 'Allama may be seen as typical of Islamic Shi'i thinking. In dealing with their conceptualizations of self-realization, the intention in this study is to focus on some significant aspects of the human self, to rediscover its potentiality and to determine the wisdom behind self-realization from a comparative perspective. After outlining the two thinkers' scholarly backgrounds, instructional contexts, sources, methods, works and purposes, the study examines certain specific issues. It investigates their understandings of human nature, and explores their positions on moral experience and human character, as well as on the arts and sciences as vehicles for self-realization. As its final chapter, the study elaborates the basic elements and manifestations of self-realization as depicted in Dewey's and 'Allama's systems of thought. This research aims at clarifying the parallels, similarities and differences that exist between the two scholars, through an in-depth comparison of their respective naturalist and Islamic approaches and attitudes.

Dissertação (mestrado) - Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, 2004 / Inclui bibliografia / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o pensamento filosófico e educacional de John Dewey (1859-1952), em sua influência sobre a educação brasileira através das idéias e da atuação política de Anísio Teixeira (1900-1971). Concentrado-se na educaç

x, 95 p. : ill. / While John Dewey's work on the philosophy of education provides a robust descriptive account of educational experience, it does not provide anything like a critical system for the analysis of particular educational curricula. This lack has led to a common confusion with regard to the nature of an inquiry based education: inquiry too often becomes the content, rather than the method, of education. In this thesis, I will show how Dewey's analysis of educational experience can provide grounds for a critical apparatus that might be applied to any curriculum, though especially those founded upon the process of inquiry. This critical approach will be applied to an example case, the "ice hands" activity from Douglass Llewellyn's <italic>Inquire Within,</italic> demonstrating the gap that often exists between the process of inquiry as a description of the process of learning and the process of inquiry as the content of a lesson plan. / Committee in charge: Scott L. Pratt, Chairperson

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-03-23Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:41:49Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 araujo_rcp_dr_arafcl.pdf: 402907 bytes, checksum: 65efaef7dae8afda714f7304e2fd9dad (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Este trabalho apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa sobre o livro Logic: the theory of inquiry de John Dewey, publicado originalmente em 1938. O objetivo é compreender os argumentos de Dewey acerca da lógica, caracterizada como teoria da investigação, e situá-los no conjunto do pensamento deweyano, de maneira a explicitar sua ligação com temáticas educacionais e políticas, focalizando especialmente a noção de democracia. Para isso, são analisadas também as obras Como pensamos e Democracia e educação, do mesmo autor. O método empregado para exame do Logic conta com duas chaves interpretativas: a primeira advém da teoria da argumentação desenvolvida por Chaïm Perelman e Lucie Olbrechts-Tyteca no livro Tratado da argumentação: a nova retórica, e a segunda, do modelo jurisprudencial de exposição e análise de silogismos elaborado por Stephen Toulmin em Os usos do argumento. / This work presents the results of a research on the book Logic: the theory of inquiry by John Dewey, originally published in 1938. The objective is to understand the arguments about the logic proposed by Dewey, characterized as a theory of inquiry, and to situate them throughout the Dewey’s thought, so as to clarify its connection with educational and political issues, focusing especially the deweyan notion of democracy. To do so, the work also analyses Democracy and education and How we think by Dewey. The method used to examine Logic has two theoretical sources: first, the theory of arguments developed by Chaim Perelman and Lucie Olbrechts-Tyteca in the book Treatise of argumentation: the new rhetoric; second, the model of juridical exposition and analysis of syllogisms developed by Stephen Toulmin in The uses of argument.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-02-08Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:42:13Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 costalopes_v_dr_arafcl.pdf: 362341 bytes, checksum: ae0f2fc12d277eed0383947607fbc4c0 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O presente trabalho analisa as concepções filosóficas de John Dewey, tomando como principal referência o livro The quest for certainty: a study of the relation of knowledge and action, publicado em 1929, no qual o autor propõe utilizar o método das ciências experimentais no campo das ciências humanas, em especial para o exame dos juízos morais. Nesse livro, Dewey defende o rompimento da dicotomia entre teoria e prática e atribui caráter probabilístico aos conhecimentos advindos da investigação científica, tomando como exemplo a mecânica quântica. Os referenciais metodológicos empregados na análise do discurso deweyano advêm da nova retórica, teoria proposta por Chaïm Perelman e Lucie Olbrechts-Tyteca em Tratado da argumentação. O objetivo do trabalho é mostrar a proximidade entre Dewey e o ceticismo, tomando por base as concepções de Pirro de Élis sistematizadas por Enesidemo e Sexto Empírico, bem como desenvolvimentos recentes dessa filosofia. A intenção mais ampla do trabalho é contribuir para a discussão de teses que divergem em relação ao tema focalizado nesta pesquisa: de um lado, as que responsabilizam o ceticismo deweyano pelos males da educação contemporânea, e, de outro, as que atribuem a Dewey a origem de importantes progressos na pedagogia. / The present study analyses the philosophical conceptions of John Dewey presented in the book The quest for certainty: a study of the relation of knowledge and action, published in 1929, in which the author proposes to use the method of experimental sciences in human sciences, specially to the examination of moral judgments. In this book, Dewey defends the disruption of the dichotomy between practical and theory and attributes a probabilistic character to the scientific inquiry knowledge, citing as an example the quantun mechanics. The methodology adopted to analyze deweyan discourse is the new rhetoric, based upon Treatise of argumentation by Chaïm Perelman and Lucie Olbrechts-Tyteca. The objective of the this work is to show to the proximity between Dewey and the skepticism, having as a basis the conceptions of Pyrrho from Élis systematized by Aenesidemus and Sextus Empiricus, as well as recent developments of this philosophy. The work also intends to contribute for the discussion of theses which diverge on the theme of this work: on the one hand, the ones that blame Dewey’s skepticism for the harmfulness of contemporary education; and, on the other, those which attribute the origin of important progress in pedagogy to Dewey.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-10-21Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:42:34Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 trevisan_md_dr_mar.pdf: 611808 bytes, checksum: 860b1d4c33a2885ebfff51a6ec182cc5 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Esta pesquisa, Lógica pragmática e educação: experiência e linguagem em Dewey e Peirce, é uma análise da filosofia pragmatista, com destaque aos aspectos enunciados no título, concernentes ao legado de Dewey e às relações de aproximação e contraste que este mantém com os escritos de Peirce. O percurso investigativo, ao buscar contribuir para as pesquisas sobre os fundamentos teóricos do pragmatismo deweyano, poderá auxiliar o profissional de educação, no sentido de subsidiá-lo em uma reflexão acerca dos alicerces de uma filosofia da experiência, como a pragmática, o que poderá levá-lo a rever posturas tradicionais, tais como a supervalorização dos conteúdos e da memória, frente à rotina escolar. Nosso problema de pesquisa diz respeito à notável ausência de estudos concernentes à influência da filosofia de Peirce sobre a descrição do processo de conhecer em Dewey; inquietação que, ao ordenar nossa investigação, fê-la revelar-se um aporte teórico que pode nos socorrer com relação à indiferença do estudante frente ao processo educativo. Nas análises empreendidas, procuramos descrever de que modo a linguagem viabiliza a experiência (e vice-versa), cujo ambiente se constitui física e culturalmente. As relações entre a lógica e o pensamento reflexivo foram enunciadas em diversos aspectos, capitaneadas pela inferência – núcleo de toda ação inteligente, segundo o autor –. O símbolo revelou-se um operador cognitivo central neste processo, em consonância com a descrição semiótica de Peirce, que concebia aquele signo como realização de terceiridade, em sua tríade mais importante: ícone / índice / símbolo. Embora não tenhamos analisado a teoria peirceana com a mesma amplitude da lógica de Dewey... / This research, Pragmatic logics and education: experience and language, according to Dewey and Peirce, is an analysis of the pragmatic philosophy, highlighting the enunciated aspects in the title, concerning to the legacy of Dewey and the relations of approximation and contrast that Dewey maintains with the papers of Peirce. The investigative route, when searching to contribute for the researches about the theoretical basis of deweyan pragmatism, might help the education professional, referring to supporting him on a reflection about the basis of a philosophy of experience, as the pragmatic, which will lead him to rethink about traditional attitudes, such as the super valorization of the contents and memory in relation to the scholastic routine. Our problem of research refers to the notable absence of studies concerning the influence of the philosophy of Peirce about the description of the process of knowledge according to Dewey; inquietation, that, when directing our investigation, made it be revealed as an theoretical apport, which can help us, referring to the indifference of the student concerning the educational process. On the analyses elaborated, we tried to describe how the language enables the experience (and vice versa), whose environment is constituted physically and culturally. The relations between logics and the reflexive thought were enunciated in several aspects, conducted by the inference – nucleus of all the intelligent action, according to the author –. The symbol demonstrated to be a central cognitive operator in this process, in accordance with the semiotic description of Peirce, which conceived that sign as the realization of the thirdness, in his most important tryad: icon / index / symbol. Although we have not analyzed the theory of Peirce with the same amplitude of the logics of Dewey... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-11-10T11:09:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-02-25Bitstream added on 2014-11-10T11:58:23Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000793617.pdf: 859708 bytes, checksum: f4b6eb6e6b54756bc50b224af0b50e83 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O cinema é utilizado na educação, mas como recurso didático para atingir um objetivo educacional previamente determinado. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar as possibilidades de se recorrer ao cinema na educação, em razão de suas qualidades estéticas, mais especificamente em virtude da possibilidade de apropriação de determinadas obras cinematográficas por parte de professores, de modo a lhes proporcionar uma experiência qualitativa e reflexiva nos termos assinados por John Dewey. Para tal, abordaremos o cinema como parte de uma poética educacional que, indo além dos aspectos intelectuais, procura integrar os aspectos morais, éticos e estéticos do ser humano. Dessa perspectiva, por intermédio do método hermenêutico, analisaremos conceitualmente a estética, experiência qualitativa e pensamento reflexivo, tomando como referencial teórico a obra de Dewey. Concomitantemente, discutiremos a concepção de cinema estabelecendo relações com a análise do pensamento deweyano. Assim, verificaremos as potencialidades do cinema para alcançar uma experiência qualitativa e reflexiva sobre questões éticas. / Cinema has been used in education, although in an instrumental way, as a didactic resource to reach a previously determined educational aim. This research will analyze the possibility of utilizing for education the esthetic qualities provided by cinema. Specifically, I will explore the possibility of teachers using selected films to provide to students a unique visual and auditory opportunity to observe and discuss a particular qualitative and reflective experience, along the lines recommended by Dewey. In order to accomplish this, I will discuss cinema as a component of the poetic of education, approaching the intellectual, moral, esthetical and ethical aspects of human beings. In that perspective, through the hermeneutic method, I will analyze and conceptualize esthetic, qualitative experience and reflective thought using Dewey as a reference. Following this, I will discuss in depth the concept cinema The expected result is to verify the potentiality of cinema to provide a first quality qualitative and reflective experience about ethic’s questions.

Most contemporary commentaries on the ethical thought of William James and John Dewey attempt to fit them into the framework of contemporary ethics. On such readings, many of James and Dewey’s most distinctive ethical concerns fade away so that they seem interested, above all, in meta-ethical questions about the nature of moral judgment and in normative questions about moral deliberation. Foregrounding the influence of Ralph Waldo Emerson on both these thinkers, this dissertation attempts to provide fresh interpretations of the ethical thought of James and Dewey. The locus of James’ most important ethical thought, I argue, comes in his religious writings, where he attempts to find ethical resources in religious belief that help us respond to the problems of suffering and uncertainty: the problem of how to acknowledge the suffering of others, and the problem of how to act with ethical conviction in the absence of social approval for one’s actions. Dewey’s most important work in ethics, I argue, is located in his rich and sophisticated theory of habit, where he reworks the Aristotelian tradition of virtue ethics to emphasize the contingency of our habitual systems and the importance of the ideal of growth.

This thesis addresses a recent development of elementary school children. Curriculum shifted from societal need toward the particular interests and needs of children is supported by the author.

No description available.