Diss. : Théologie : München : 1986. / Originally presented as the author's thesis (doctoral)--Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Wintersemester 1985/86. Includes indexes. Bibliogr.: p. 229-238.

Cette thèse veut déterminer la contribution de Julien Macho, membre de l’Ordre des ermites de saint Augustin de Lyon, à la vie culturelle de son époque. Son œuvre n’est pas, à proprement parler, une œuvre originale, mais un ensemble de traductions du latin au français, de corrections et d’éditions de textes religieux ou moraux. Ses livres ont été publiés dans une courte période, entre 1473 et 1480, et plusieurs rééditions, de la fin du 15e s. et du début du 16e s., sont connues. Il est question, à cette époque, à Lyon comme ailleurs en France, d’un grand désordre dans l’organisation religieuse et les critiques se font entendre de part et d’autre du pays. Devant la décadence de l’Église, la piété privée commence à se développer, une piété qui a besoin d’un nouveau support pour rendre accessibles les enseignements moraux à une population bourgeoise de plus en plus lettrée. Or, conscient de ces récents développements, Macho oriente tout son travail dans le but précis de rejoindre, en langue vernaculaire, un vaste auditoire. L’objectif de cette thèse de doctorat est d’analyser une partie de l’œuvre de Macho dans le but de mieux comprendre les intentions de l’auteur. Ce but premier permettra aussi de documenter, par un biais nouveau, une période charnière du développement intellectuel occidental, le passage du Moyen Âge à la Renaissance. Le travail comporte trois parties. Dans la première partie, il a fallu entreprendre une étude approfondie des contextes social, historique et intellectuel de cette période : tout d’abord, l’histoire de l’Ordre des ermites de saint Augustin et de l’enseignement offert à leurs membres, dans le contexte de la spiritualité en France à la fin du 15e siècle; par la suite, il convenait de présenter un survol de la ville de Lyon, de son Église et du développement de l’imprimerie dans cette ville. La deuxième partie porte sur les œuvres attribuées, à tort ou à raison, à Macho, vu la carence de recherches sur Julien Macho lui-même, et sur une enquête systématique pour apporter une preuve de l’existence de ce traducteur. La troisième partie s’attache à une lecture de deux œuvres de l’augustin lyonnais : une de longue tradition littéraire, Ésope, l’adaptation d’un recueil de fables, et une religieuse, rattachée à la pratique religieuse contemporaine, le Mirouer de la redemption de lumain lignage. Ésope est l’œuvre la plus originale de Macho, c’est-à-dire l’ouvrage où il est le plus intervenu comparativement au texte original. La comparaison avec sa source, l’Äsop latin-allemand d’Heinrich Steinhöwel, a montré comment le fabuliste lyonnais s’en est détaché pour ajouter à son texte un grand nombre de proverbes. Le Mirouer de la redemption de lumain lignage, une somme de toutes les observances de la vie religieuse et des lectures qu’un chrétien doit connaître, intègre des parties d’une autre œuvre bien connue, la Légende dorée, une pratique que l’on ne retrouve pas dans les autres traductions françaises du Speculum humanae salvationis. Loin d’être une analyse exhaustive de l’œuvre, la compilation des citations et du contenu même du texte permet de cerner en quoi consistait une certaine pratique de la religion au 15e siècle. Il en résulte un panorama du contexte culturel dans lequel vivait Julien Macho, théologien, prieur et traducteur et des œuvres qui lui sont attribuée. Un personnage dont l’étude montre un intellectuel représentatif de son époque, la fin du 15e siècle. / The purpose of this thesis is to identify the contribution of Julien Macho, a member of the Order of Augustinian Hermits in Lyon, to the cultural life of his period. His work is not, strictly speaking, original, but rather a series of translations from Latin to French, and corrections and editions of religious and moral texts. His books were published over a short period, from 1473 to 1480, and were followed by many more editions in the late 15th century and the early 16th century. During that period, in Lyon as elsewhere in France, there was a great deal of disorder in the religious establishment and criticism was being heard throughout the country. In response to the decadence of the Church, private piety was starting to develop, piety that needed a new medium in order to make moral teachings accessible to a more and more literate bourgeois population. Well aware of these recent developments, Macho directed all his work toward the precise goal of reaching a broad audience using vernacular language. The objective of this doctoral thesis is to analyze part of Macho's work in order to better understand the intentions of the author. This primary goal will also make it possible to document, from a new perspective, a key period in Western intellectual development, the transition from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance. The work is divided into three parts. The first part is a detailed study of the social, historical and intellectual contexts of the period: first the history of the Order of Augustinian Hermits and the instruction given to its members, in the context of spirituality in France at the end of the 15th century. This is followed by an overview of the city of Lyon, its Church and the development of printing in the city. Part two discusses the works attributed to Macho, rightly or wrongly, in view of the lack of research on Julien Macho himself, and presents a systematic survey of the evidence of the existence of this translator. Part three consists of a reading of two works of the Augustine monk of Lyon: one from a long literary tradition, Ésope, an adaptation of a collection of fables, and a religious work related to contemporary religious practice, the Mirouer de la redemption de lumain lignage. Ésope is Macho's most original work, i.e., the book in which he intervened the most with respect to the original text. A comparison with its source, the Latin-German Äsop by Heinrich Steinhöwel, shows how the fable writer from Lyon moved away from his source, adding a large number of proverbs to his text. Mirouer de la redemption de lumain lignage, a summary of all the observances of religious life and readings that a Christian should know, includes parts of another well known work, the Golden Legend, a practice that we find in the other French translations of the Speculum humanae salvationis. Far from being an exhaustive analysis of the work, the compilation of quotations and of the very content of the text makes it possible to identify what a certain practice of religion in the 15th century consisted of. The result is a panorama of the life and work of Julien Macho, theologian, prior and translator. This study reveals an intellectual who is representative of his period, the late 15th century.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität, Göttingen, 2004/2005. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [301]-313) and indexes.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:23:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 parte1.pdf: 1819589 bytes, checksum: 9d38fdf3f81dfd4b754055dcc7d3dc02 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This work is linked to the History Teaching and Historical Knowledge research line of the Graduate Program in History at the Federal University of Paraíba, which has Historical Culture as area of concentration. Our goal was to analyze, in a comparative study, the approaches on previously selected issues of History textbooks, produced in the 1980s, 1990s and 2000s, concerning a specific subject: the war in Paraguay. Considering the debate about this theme carried on the academic level and in the light of new historiographical studies, we emphasized two moments for the analysis of textbooks, the first of which falls on those whose authors (Nelson Piletti and Joana Neves & Elza Nadai) wrote at least since the 1980s, submitting to periodic reviews their works which were published and used until the late 1990s meaning that these school textbooks have passed through the period of the so-called revisionism and neorevisionism regarding the historiography of the Paraguayan War. We stress that, precisely because of the comparative character of the study, we used the 1980s and 1990s editions of the these works. The second stage of analysis investigates the book of the professor Gilberto Cotrim, in editions of 1999 and 2005. In the 1990s, when the first edition of Cotrim was published, the discussions about the Paraguayan War between the so-called revisionist and neorevisionists were intensified. Therefore we attempted to correlate such subject in the selected textbooks, in its various editions, with the bibliography and academic production of the time, and observe the historiographical influences for its production, noticing if there were changes in the concepts of the text and in the interpretation of the authors of textbooks, as a consequence of the historiographical renewal and revisionism, especially of those concepts which concern the causes of conflict. For this purpose, we discussed various aspects that support this objective, such as the transformations in the very materiality and design of textbooks over the issues analyzed, without, however, having the intention to deepen or focus on this latter discussion. / Este trabalho dissertativo está vinculado à Linha de Pesquisa Ensino de História e Saberes Históricos, do Programa de Pós-Graduação em História da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, cuja Área de Concentração é Cultura Histórica. Nosso objetivo foi analisar, em um estudo comparativo, as abordagens em edições previamente selecionadas de livros didáticos de História, produzidas nas décadas de 1980/90/2000, no que concerne a um assunto específico: a Guerra do Paraguai. Levando em conta o debate que se travou a nível acadêmico acerca dessa temática e à luz dos novos estudos historiográficos, privilegiamos dois momentos para as análises dos livros didáticos, em que o primeiro enquadra-se naqueles cujos autores (a saber: Nelson Piletti e Joana Neves & Elza Nadai) escreviam desde pelo menos a década de 1980, passando suas obras por revisões periódicas e sendo publicadas e consumidas até o final dos anos 1990. Isso equivale a dizer que esses livros escolares atravessaram o período dos chamados revisionismo e neo-revisionismo no que se refere à historiografia da Guerra do Paraguai. Destacamos que, justamente por se tratar de um estudo comparativo, usamos as edições das décadas de 1980 e 1990 dessas obras. O segundo momento de análise investiga o livro do professor Gilberto Cotrim, nas edições de 1999 e 2005. Na década de 1990, quando da publicação da primeira edição do livro do professor Cotrim, intensificaram-se as discussões entre os chamados revisionistas e neo-revisionistas sobre a Guerra do Paraguai. Assim, buscamos relacionar o referido conteúdo nos livros didáticos selecionados, em suas diferentes edições, com a bibliografia e produção acadêmica da época e observar as influências historiográficas para sua produção, percebendo se houve mudanças na formulação do texto e interpretação dos autores dos livros escolares a partir da renovação historiográfica e dos revisionismos, especialmente ao que concernem as causas do conflito. Para tal, procedemos a reflexões sobre variados aspectos que corroboram com esse objetivo, a exemplo das transformações na própria materialidade e concepção do livro didático ao longo das edições analisadas, sem, contudo, ter a intenção de aprofundar, ou mesmo se deter nesta última discussão.

La tenture de la 'Dame à la licorne' est le plus souvent interprétée comme une allégorie des sens physiques, mais son iconographie se distingue par le registre héraldique. Chaque composition s’organise tel un emblème héraldique de sorte que les personnages principaux remplacent l’écu tant du point de vue visuel que fonctionnel. Si cette tenture est fréquemment citée comme un monument à la réussite socioprofessionnel du commanditaire, on n’a jamais cherché à comprendre comment le registre scénique contribue à la représentation du commanditaire. Autre lacune dans le corpus de littérature, l’importance de la figure féminine dans cette image est restée jusqu’alors ignorée. La présente étude propose donc d’étudier la 'Dame à la licorne' et sa fonction représentative en analysant les traditions culturelles, littéraires et iconographiques, ainsi que les réalités sociohistoriques, qui sous-tendent l’image d’excellence sociale que le commanditaire souhaite rattacher à sa personne et à sa famille. / The 'Lady and the Unicorn' tapestries are most often interpreted as an allegory of the physical senses, but their iconography is remarkable for its integration of armorial elements. Each composition is organized like a heraldic emblem, such that the main figures replace the coat-of-arms in its position and its function. Though this work is frequently identified as a monument to the patron’s socio-professional success, no effort has been made to understand how the scenes contribute to his personal representation. The lack of interest for the decidedly female character of this iconographic programme is another weakness in previous studies of these tapestries. This doctoral dissertation proposes to examine the 'Lady and the Unicorn' and its representative function by analysing the cultural, literary and iconographic traditions, as well as the socio-historic realities, that shape the image of social excellence the patron constructs in order to represent himself and his family.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / A variety of minority groups are present in the readings of Spanish and Latin American literature classes; however, there is a lack of representation of homosexual themes in the readings. This paper takes a look at what homosexual themes are present in the literature anthologies in current use, and then suggest a teaching unit and methodology for how one can implement these topics into a literature class. The paper provides a sound basis for teachers who are trying to introduce these issues into their classes. [Language - Spanish]