This study examines some aspects of student performance in the 21st century skills of Information and Communication (ICT) Literacy and collaboration. In this project, extant data from the Assessment and Teaching for 21st Century Skills project (ATC21S) will be examined. ATC21S is a collaborative effort among educational agencies in six countries, universities, educational research groups, high tech innovators and the multinational corporations Cisco, Intel and Microsoft. ATC21S demonstration tasks explore the use of digital literacy and collaborative problem solving constructs in educational assessment. My research investigates evidence from cognitive laboratories and pilots administered in one of the ATC21S demonstration scenarios, a collaborative mathematics/science task called "Global Collaboration Contest: Arctic Trek." Using both quantitative and qualitative methods, I analyze student work samples. Specifically, I (i) develop a rubric as a measurement tool to evaluate the student assessment artifact "Arctic Trek Notebook" for (a) generalized patterns and (b) trends that may indicate skill development in collaborative learning in a digital environment and (ii) conduct descriptive studies among the variables of student age and student notebook characteristics. Results are intended to inform instructional leaders on estimates of student ability in virtual collaboration and to make suggestions for instructional design and professional development for online collaborative learning assessment tasks in K-12 education.

The purpose of this study was toexplore organizational culture in a digital context, so that a greater understanding of the relations between the two subjects could be developed. The interest for the subject came from reflections and observations obtained during a prior internship at a small organization using the digital collaboration platform Slack in their daily work. To answer the purpose of the study, one main research question; ‘What is the relationship between organizational culture and a digital communication platform as Slack?’ and two sub questions; ‘How is Slack used to solve problems with internal integration? and ‘How is Slack used to solve problems with external adaption?’ was formulated. The two sub questions came from an operationalization of Schein’s (2010, p.18) well used definition of organizational culture. By using the qualitative method netnography to study the behaviors and interactions of the members of a small organization through participating observations, in combination with the field notes and observations from the prior internship, the research questions were successfully answered. The results showed that Slack was used as a tool to maintain structure and order during problems with external adaption in form of a re-organization creating an unsecure time-period. Decrement in activity also showed that the usage of Slack was limited in time and easily could be exchanged, but that appreciated cultural rites and behaviors created from using it could live on outside of Slack. Results also showed that Slack successfully functioned as a tool to solve problems with internal integration. By allowing new members to efficiently come in contact with both the formal and informal cultural elements, the very essence of culture as in underlying assumptions was quickly taught. The efficiency of using Slack for internal integration was also shown to rely on a new possible problem in form of a disintegration between the private and work. The answer to the main research question was that Slack is an artifact, inhabiting other artifact, living in symbiosis with the organization. Even though Slack could help an organization to cope with problems of external adaption and internal integration, Slack on its own did not serve as a one single place for understanding and becoming a part of an organization and its culture, as the organization and culture still will live and develop outside of the digital medium. / Syftet med den här studien var att utforska organisationskultur i en digital miljö, så att en ökad förståelse för de två ämnena kunde utvecklas. Intresset för ämnet kom från observationer och reflektioner införskaffade under en tidigare praktik på en mindre organisation som använde den digitala plattformen Slack i sitt dagliga arbete. För att besvara syftet med studien formulerades en huvudsaklig forskningsfråga; ’Vad är relationen mellan organisationskultur och en digital plattform som Slack?’, och två sekundära frågor; ’Hur används Slack som lösning för problem med intern integration?’, och ’Hur används Slack för att lösa problem med extern anpassning?’. De sekundära frågorna kom från en operationalisering av Scheins (2010, p.18) väl använda definition av organisationskultur. Den kvalitativa metoden netnografi användes för att studera beteende och interaktioner mellan medlemmarna i en mindre organisation. Genom deltagande observationer i kombination med fältanteckningar och observationer från den tidigare praktiken kunde forskningsfrågorna framgångsrikt besvaras. Resultatet visade att Slack användes som ett verktyg för att behålla struktur och ordning under problem med extern anpassning, uppkomna till följd av en omorganisering av företaget. En minskning av aktiviteten i Slack visade att själva användandet av Slack är kopplat till en viss tidsperiod och enkelt kan bytas ut vid förändrat behov, men också att uppskattade beteenden och riter skapade genom användandet av Slack kan leva vidare utanför mediet. Resultatet visade också att Slack framgångsrikt fungerade som ett verktyg för att lösa problem med intern integration. Genom att låta nya medlemmar effektivt komma i kontakt med både formella och informella kulturella element kunde själva essensen av kultur, underliggande förgivettaganden, snabbt läras ut. Effektiviteten av att använda Slack för intern integrering visades också föra med sig ett eget potentiellt problem, en upplösning av gränsen mellan privat och arbete. Svaret på den huvudsakliga forskningsfrågan var att Slack är en artefakt, innehållandes andra artefakter, som lever i symbios med organisationen. Även om Slack kan hjälpa en organisation att hantera problem med extern anpassning och intern integrering, fungerar Slack inte som en ensam källa för att förstå och bli en del av en organisation och dess kultur, eftersom organisationen och dess kultur alltid kommer att leva vidare och utvecklas utanför det digitala mediet.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T14:23:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Guilherme Felitti.pdf: 1736880 bytes, checksum: 6336b05f3293c14670a708271d9fa9e8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-12-04 / The popularization of the blogs from their beginning in 1996 until today, attracting profiles of users besides enthusiasts and technology professionals, presents to us new kinds of applications of the platform that surpass the initial definitions of link filters or personal diaries on the internet. This research intends to review the main basic concepts about blogs, to indicate common points to the different platform applications. The first chapter will explore blogs under three prisms: structural, explaining the tools that the available services nowadays offer; practical, exploring which habits come from the appropriation of the tools; and the conversations, with blogs hosting dialogues highly fragmented and infinitely expansible. The second chapter will retake the classification of the blogs as a genre to indicate the necessity of seeing them as language, presenting suggestions for a model of a more precise and discerning definition. The third chapter will explore the development of the blogs in United States and in Brazil, in a comparison that intends to highlight common points and differences in their development in both countries. The fourth chapter will analyze three Brazilian case studies and it is focused in their capacities to attract and interact with their communities / A popularização dos blogues do seu surgimento em 1996 até os dias de hoje, atraindo perfis de usuários além dos entusiastas e profissionais de tecnologia, nos apresenta novos tipos de aplicações da plataforma que extrapolam as definições iniciais de filtros de links ou diários pessoais na internet. Esta pesquisa pretende passar em revisão os principais conceitos básicos sobre os blogues, para indicar pontos comuns às diferentes aplicações da plataforma. O primeiro capítulo explorará os blogues sob três prismas: o estrutural, explicando as ferramentas que os serviços atualmente disponíveis oferecem; o da prática, explorando que tipos de hábitos são desdobramentos da apropriação das ferramentas; e o das conversações, com os blogues hospedando diálogos altamente fragmentados e infinitamente expansíveis. O segundo capítulo retomará a classificação dos blogues como gênero para argumentar a necessidade de encará-los como linguagem, apresentando sugestões para um modelo de tipificação mais preciso e criterioso. Já o terceiro explorará o desenvolvimento dos blogues nos Estados Unidos e no Brasil, em comparação que pretende destacar semelhanças e diferenças em seu desenvolvimento nos dois países. O quarto capítulo analisará três estudos de casos brasileiros e é focado em suas capacidades de atraírem e interagirem com suas comunidades

This study has investigated how franchisors can implement and adapt digital organisational communication with collaborative tools and communication theories to empower their franchisees, improve their motivation and foster greater autonomy within the franchise system. The study was made possible by performing a qualitative analytical case study within a franchise company together with both franchisors and franchisees consisting of a total of 5 units and 8 participants, with the help of semi-structured interviews and the Free Listing-method.  The result shows that there is a lot of room for improvement for both franchisees and franchisors in terms of how a digital organisational communication should be implemented and adapted with the help of collaboration tools and communication theories, but that much also lies with the individuals themselves in greater inclusion, but also to enhance their motivation and foster a greater autonomy within an organisation. The study was conducted to convey the various ways that digital organisation communication can be implemented within a franchise system, organisations or businesses.

Before the pandemic, many public sectors were heavily dependent on American cloud services. When the pandemic broke out, remote work became a necessity, making existing communication systems like Skype, email, and file sharing crucial to support this transition. The joint project dSam (Digital Collaboration Platform for the Public Sector) has investigated and evaluated the market for suitable solutions that are both secure and meet legal requirements. The project was completed in the autumn of 2022 and delivered a report that included the tools tested and met the basic requirements. Organizations would then, in connection with procurement, consider the additional requirements they have for a service adapted to their own operations. The main purpose of this study is to investigate and understand the factors influencing the procurement of digital information systems within the public sector, as well as to gain an understanding of the interaction between people and technology that can provide insights into how behaviors and attitudes can be optimized for successful procurement. The empirical material consists of semi‐structured interviews with authorities, supplemented with observations. These data were analyzed based on Orlikowskiʹs (1992) structuration theory. The studyʹs results identify ten factors that strongly influence the procurement of digital information systems in the public sector. Additionally, a significant research gap regarding theories on IT artifacts is identified. / Före pandemin var många offentliga sektorer starkt beroende av amerikanska molntjänster. När pandemin bröt ut blev distansarbete en nödvändighet, vilket gjorde befintliga kommunikationssystem som Skype, e‐post och fildelning avgörande för att stödja denna omställning. Det gemensamma projektet dSam (Digital samarbetsplattform för offentlig sektor) har undersökt och utvärderat marknaden efter lämpliga lösningar som både är säkra och uppfyller de juridiska kraven. Projektet avslutades hösten 2022 och levererade en rapport som innehöll de verktyg som testats och uppfyllde de grundläggande kraven. Organisationerna skulle sedan, i samband med upphandling, utgå från de övriga krav som organisationerna ställer på en tjänst anpassad för egen verksamhet. Huvudsyftet med denna studie är att undersöka och förstå de faktorer som påverkar upphandlingen av digitala informationssystem inom den offentliga sektorn samt ge en förståelse för samspelet mellan människor och teknik som kan ge insikter om hur beteenden och attityder kan optimeras för att uppnå en framgångsrik upphandling. Det empiriska materialet består av semistrukturerade intervjuer med myndigheter kompletterat med observationer Dessa data analyserades med utgångspunkt från Orlikowskis (1992) strukturationsteori. Studiens resultat identifierar tio faktorer som starkt påverkar upphandling av digitala informationssystem i offentlig sektor. Dessutom identifieras ett betydande forskningsgap rörande teorier om IT‐artefakter.

10 ans après l’émergence des plates formes socio-collaboratives numériques, leur usage peine à se déployer dans les environnements professionnels, malgré les gains d’efficacité qu’elles permettent, malgré la proximité des outils avec les applications locales traditionnelles, malgré les efforts d’investissement, notamment dans des prestations qui ne parviennent pas à pérenniser les usages. Ce travail démontre qu'une nouvelle forme de visibilité induite par le partage, qui fonde la collaboration numérique, peut être un frein ou un levier à l'adoption, et qu’il convient de l’objectiver dans la démarche ; il approfondit la connaissance du paradigme collaboratif, en propose une typologie des usages fondée sur leur valeur intrinsèque et sociale, une méthodologie d'adoption orientée vers la transformation locale des pratiques professionnelles quotidiennes (Get Collaboration Done!™), ainsi qu'un indicateur de la « valeur » du comportement collaboratif, qui prend la forme d'un indice déterminé selon des modalités algorithmiques (Collaboration-Index™). / 10 years after digital socio-collaborative platforms have released, it appears their use is still not generalized, not taken for granted ; the integration in professional environments seems difficult, despite the promise of efficiencies, despite the proximity of tools with traditional local office applications, despite the efforts particularly in consulting services which fail to perpetuate uses. This work demonstrates that a new form of visibility induced by sharing, which is the foundation of digital collaboration, can be a brake or a leverage for adoption, and that it should be taken into account in the change process; It also contributes to the knowledge of the collaborative paradigm by proposing a typology of uses based on their intrinsic and social value, an adoption methodology geared towards the local transformation of daily work practices (Get Collaboration Done!™), And an indicator of the “Value” of the collaborative behavior, which is figurated (and calculated) by an index determined according to algorithmic modalities (Collaboration-Index™).