Thesis (M.A.)--University of Canterbury, 2008. / Typescript (photocopy). "November 2008." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 141-152). Also available via the World Wide Web.

Thesis (M.A.)--Carleton University, 1992. / Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Kentucky, 2003. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 243-262).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--George Washington University, 1992. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 236-248).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 209-229).

Thesis (doctoral)-Universität, Kiel, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 252-277).

Disarmament, Demobilisation and Reintegration (DDR) have become a key component of the postconflict peacebuilding orthodoxy. Therefore, this study evaluates the efficacy of Amnesty, Disarmament, Demobilisation and Reintegration (ADDR) in conflict prevention and resolution using the 2009 Niger Delta ADDR programme as a case study. The study evaluated the effectiveness of the programme using the minimalist and maximalist framework advanced in the DDR literature. The key findings and conclusions of the Study were that a minimalist DDR would only achieve security stabilisation and return excombatants to the status quo- ante society with all the pre-conflict grievances unaddressed thereby bequeathing a high potential of relapse to violence. Furthermore, for DDR to be an effective conflict prevention and resolution mechanism and postconflict peacebuilding force, its conceptualisation, design and implementation must be maximalist in nature with a transformative agenda that aims to address the roots causes of violence.

This study analyzes the rule of the law of treaties permitting the provisional application of treaties or parts thereof, which usually occurs between signature and ratification (article 25 of the 1969 Vienna Convention). Chapter 1 reviews the negotiating record of article 25. Chapter 2 examines the reasons for provisional application, which include the urgency of the treaty and preparation for a new international organization. Chapter 3 considers article 25 in detail, while chapter 4 explores provisional application under customary international law, including the origins of the custom. The constitutionality of provisional application and the municipal effect of provisionally applied treaties are examined in chapter 5, along with provisional application in South African law and treaty practice. Chapter 6 considers the special role of provisional application in the field of arms control instruments. The main conclusion reached is that the principle of pacta sunt servanda applies during the provisional period. / Jurisprudence / LL.M

Magister Legum - LLM / In many countries around the world, approximately 230 million children are living in countries affected by armed conflict. 15 million of them were caught up, in various parts of Africa, in violent conflicts. Some of the African countries where children are involved in armed conflicts include: Central African Republic (CAR), Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Mali, Somalia and South Sudan. In CAR, for example, thirty four children (girls and boys) were abducted by armed groups, some as young as 3 years of age.

Na campanha do desarmamento organizada pela Organização Não Governamental Viva Rio - e realizada entre meados de 2004 e outubro de 2005, com o Referendo Sobre a Proibição do Comércio de Armas de Fogo no Brasil , os atores, discursos e práticas envolvidos na causa do desarmamento se voltavam, majoritariamente, a uma estratégia de apelo aos corações aos cidadãos de bem como forma de persuasão, atrelavam, de modo amplo, a defesa ao desarmamento à defesa à paz e ao combate à violência, e se concentravam, principalmente, na divulgação e promoção da campanha de entrega das armas. Para o debate em torno do Estatuto do Desarmamento e do Referendo, entretanto, novos atores entraram na disputa e começaram a ganhar visibilidade na esfera pública. Os atores engajados pelo "não" no Referendo acionaram aliados e seus discursos em prol de sua causa, recorrendo a elementos da moral e da religião na defesa da posse de armas como um direito inalienável dos cidadãos.Este trabalho reflete sobre as ações engendradas pelo Viva Rio em torno da questão do desarmamento desde sua fundação - com destaque para a Campanha do Desarmamento de 2004 -, discutindo a presença da religiosidade em suas iniciativas e a contribuição desta na constituição de noções de paz, violência e cidadania no espaço público brasileiro. Examina, ainda, de que modo estas noções fundamentaram a atuação pública do Viva Rio na construção de uma cultura da paz e ajudaram a compor um campo de parcerias e disputas no cenário nacional. / In the Campaign of the Disarmament organized by the Organization no Government Viva Rio - and accomplished between middles of 2004 and October of 2005, with the Referendum About the Prohibition of the Trade of Firearms in Brazil -, the actors, speeches and practices involved in the cause of the disarmament if they returned, for the most part, the a "appeal strategy to the hearts" to the "citizens of well" as persuasion form, they harnessed, in a wide way, the defense to the disarmament to the defense to the peace and the combat to the violence, and if they concentrated, mainly, in the popularization and promotion of the campaign of delivery of the weapons. For the debate around the Statute of the Disarmament and of the Referendum, however, new actors entered in the dispute and they began to win visibility in the public sphere. The actors engaged by the "no" in the Referendum they worked allies and their speeches on behalf of their cause, falling back upon elements of the morals and of the religion in the defense of the ownership of weapons as an inalienable right of the citizens. This work thinks about the actions engendered by Viva Rio around the subject of the disarmament from its foundation - with prominence for the Campaign of the Disarmament of 2004 -, discussing the presence of the religiosity in their initiatives and the contribution of this in the constitution of peace notions, violence and citizenship in the space Brazilian public. It examines, still, that way these notions based the public performance of Viva Rio in the construction of a culture of the peace and they helped to compose a field of partnerships and disputes in the national scenery.