Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T16:55:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 113243.pdf: 8299441 bytes, checksum: ac9509fd955090ab9ec0e9f183c05805 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-14 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work has the objective of analyzing the Master Plan and Flood Management Plan of the Municipality of Rio do Sul - SC, from the perspective of disaster risk management and insurance planning. Desiring to contribute with the presentation of methodologies and tools to be applied in managing disaster risk, highlighting the importance of planning their actions, but also with the Municipal Master Plans and Regional pointing mechanisms controlling land use in hazardous areas urban and measures to prevent or mitigate disasters. The guiding concepts used as a theoretical and theme are the management of disaster risks, safe territory, master plan and management plan or flood contingency plan. The investigative approach is qualitative, participant observation, semi structured interviews, thematic maps. From the literature sought to identify elements of risk management and disaster safe territory present the plans and how they can prevent or mitigate flooding. The fragility of the South River before the flood is very large, because of their socio-spatial conformation, presenting an adversarial relationship. Rio do Sul is a municipality that has a high degree of risk of flooding, and then only with proper planning can provide the population quality of life and territorial security, ready to face the adverse events through which resilience is the ability to learn from past events to better prepare for the future. The integration of the administrative structure of the city at a glance on disaster risk management in all sectors facilitates the articulation of public policies on risk management, and that this is a priority regional, municipal or local. Given these considerations Rio do Sul is a safe territory disaster? / Esta dissertação tem o objetivo de analisar o Plano Diretor Municipal e o Plano de Gerenciamento de Enchentes do Município de Rio do Sul - SC, sob a perspectiva da gestão de riscos de desastres e do território seguro. Pretende-se contribuir com a apresentação de metodologias e ferramentas a serem aplicadas na gestão de riscos de desastres, evidenciando a importância do planejamento de suas ações, como também com os Planos Diretores Municipais e Regionais e apontar mecanismos de controle de ocupação do solo nas áreas de risco, bem como medidas urbanísticas que previnam ou mitiguem os desastres. As categorias norteadoras utilizadas como referencial teórico-temático são as de gestão de riscos de desastres, território seguro, plano diretor e plano de gerenciamento de enchentes ou plano de contingências. A abordagem investigatória é qualitativa, integrada pela observação participante, entrevistas semiestruturadas e mapas temáticos. A partir da literatura buscou-se identificar elementos de gestão de riscos de desastres e de território seguro presentes nos planos e o modo como estes podem prevenir ou mitigar as enchentes. A fragilidade de Rio do Sul diante das enchentes é muito grande, em virtude de sua localização e conformação socioespacial, apresentando uma relação conflituosa. Rio do Sul é um município que apresenta um alto grau de risco de enchentes e, assim, somente com planejamento adequado poderá oferecer a população qualidade de vida e segurança territorial para enfrentar os eventos adversos por meio de resiliência, que é a capacidade de aprender com os eventos passados para melhor se preparar para o futuro. A integração da estrutura administrativa da prefeitura. Percebe-se em um olhar sobre gestão de riscos de desastres que a integração da estrutura administrativa em todos os setores, facilita a articulação de políticas públicas de gestão de riscos, e que essa seja uma prioridade regional, municipal ou local. Diante destas considerações, Rio do Sul é um território seguro de desastres?

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T16:55:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 122254.pdf: 3392618 bytes, checksum: b4aaa535e9983bc5a2af798335f29f8e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-24 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This Master s thesis was developed in order to find similarities and differences between legal requirements and the practice of Santa Catarina s local managers in risk disaster and social participation, and then think of solutions to enhance this process. In that way, the theoretical approach includes disaster management, public policies and social participation, with emphasis on the historical obstacles for decision making sharing. The research combined qualitative and quantitative tools for a final triangulation of the collected data. In this sense, it begins with a documentary analyses (qualitative) of legal aspects of Brazilian disaster management; then a questioner (quantitative) was applied to local managers; and finally deepening interviews (qualitative) was made. The analyses of the collected data shows that either the legal aspects as the local managers the discourse of the participation s importance is deeper than the real practice. Thus, the thesis discuss the challenges to enhance the social participation; considering the difficulties of mobilization, political interferences and tokenism, mainly. The conclusion works with the necessity to simply the process of participation in order to be part of the citizen routine, and also to decrease the overload of public employees. The agency of civil defense in Santa Catarina is indicated to have the potential to encourage the local governments to enhance the participation in DRR. / Esta dissertação teve o objetivo de confrontar pressupostos legais com a visão dos gestores municipais de proteção e defesa civil de Santa Catarina no que se refere à participação social na gestão de risco para, ao final, refletir sobre contribuições para ampliação e fortalecimento do processo. Para tanto, trabalhou-se o referencial teórico sobre a gestão de risco, com ênfase ao conceito de produção social do risco, e sobre políticas públicas e suas diretrizes de participação social, a ponderar os entraves que historicamente se construíram e ainda hoje desafiam os processos de partilha de poder. Sendo uma pesquisa de métodos mistos, foram intercalados instrumentos qualitativos e quantitativos para a triangulação final dos dados. Assim, a pesquisa teve início com a análise documental (qualitativa) de documentos legais e oficiais que direcionam a gestão de risco no Brasil, seguida pela aplicação de questionários (quantitativo) destinados a gestores municipais de proteção e defesa civil de Santa Catarina, e finalizada com as entrevistas de aprofundamento (qualitativa). A análise dos dados demonstrou que, tanto nos documentos legais e oficiais como na realidade dos municípios, o discurso sobre o conceito de participação social, bem como sobre sua importância, está à frente da prática efetiva. A discussão realizada, portanto, diz respeito ao desafio de fazer aproximar concepção e prática, considerando ainda que os entraves à participação estão associados às dificuldades de mobilização, interferências políticas e faz de conta, principalmente. As principais sugestões referem-se à desconstrução da participação somente como espaço institucionalizado, ampliando a consideração de instrumentos informais e cotidianos, para que possam tornar-se parte da rotina do cidadão e diminuir a sobrecarga dos técnicos da administração pública local, reconhecendo na Secretaria de Estado de Defesa Civil de Santa Catarina o potencial de incentivar a promoção da participação social.

Magister Administrationis - MAdmin / A disaster always means a huge death toll, displacement and inconceivable destruction for a poor country such as Bangladesh. Recently, Bangladesh has taken a holistic approach to prioritising interrelated activities and the involvement of various organisations in disaster management. A number of disaster management committees (DMCs) have been formed to coordinate and implement risk reduction measures. But the levels of success of these organisations have varied in different regions. Improper consideration of local knowledge, corruption of actors, lack of coordination and capacity of actors, etc., are perceived as major causes of this. Primarily, this mini-thesis aims to measure the impact of self-organisation in disaster risk management. / South Africa

Magister Artium - MA / The objective of the study was to find out whether the decentralisation of responsibulities for social economics development facilitated the management of disaster risk during the 2007 floods in Mozambique. the specific aims of the study were to : analyse and discuss national policies for decentralisation and their significance for DRM. Investigate which responsibilities, human and financial resources were available to local governments for the planning, implemantations and monitoring of DRM activities. Identify mechanisms institutions and activities for DRM and find out whether they provided to be effective. Explore how concerned communities participated in DRM activitiesto reduce their vulnerability to disaster risk.

Masters in Public Administration - MPA / The occurrence of disasters around the world has in the past few decades increased at an alarming rate, which has necessitated an urgent need for mitigation strategies. As part of its planning and precautionary measures in responding to disasters, the City of Cape Town(CoCT) established a Disaster Risk Management Centre (DRMC) to co-ordinate such occurrences. This study is focused on investigating to what extent the CoCT’s DRMC has prepared individuals and communities to stay resilient.South Africa lies within a region of Southern Africa that has a semi-arid to arid climate,thereby making most parts of the country vulnerable to numerous disasters. Given the prevalence of the localised disasters in the country, they have the potential to overwhelm the capacity of any affected community. Furthermore, in 2011, the CoCT was approached by the International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives(ICLEI) to sign up as a Role Model City for the “Making Cities Resilient--My City is Getting Ready’’ Campaign, in collaboration with UNISDR. It became the first in South African City to be granted “Role Model City’’ status, becoming the second African city to be designated as a ‘‘Role Model City’’.The findings of this study indicate that the CoCT, through its DRMC, has tried to heighten awareness in communities to prepare them against disasters. Another important finding is that there is inadequate involvement of communities in CoCT training programmes. Poorer communities, which are mostly affected by disasters, barely receive any form of capacity building, that is, through training. In addition, the language of communication used in brochures, leaflets and other forms of media is mostly in English and Afrikaans, while the majority of people living in informal settlements speak isiXhosa. The study provides an insight into the need to consolidate strategies to address disaster management

This dissertation examines the effect of environmental discourse and disaster risk reduction mapping in the favela Santa Marta, an urban informal settlement in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. With the world’s largest urban forest within the metro area, Rio de Janeiro is unusual for a metropolis of more than ten million people in the rapidly urbanizing country of Brazil. The government of Rio de Janeiro has attempted to control favela settlements since the early 20th century, but beginning in the 1990s the prefecture began delimiting favela settlements with environmentally protected areas called ecolimits. According to the state’s calculations, in the 2000s favelas began to rapidly expand into the urban forest, which is protected by the ecolimits and national parks. In 2009, the state built a wall around Santa Marta, justified by concerns about expansion into the adjacent forest. The state then labeled Santa Marta the model favela after infrastructure improvements there and the installation of the first Pacification Police Unit, a new form of community policing begun in 2008 for favelas. The focus of my study is the particular ways that the government has framed its resettlement efforts in Santa Marta and how favela residents responded. I employ the concept of biopolitics assemblage to critically investigate the state’s and international institutions’ discursive and material practices of disaster risk management in Santa Marta. I collected data using a mixed methods approach during 15 months of fieldwork. Through archival research, I document the history of favela control tactics and trace the roots of disaster risk management in Rio de Janeiro to a World Bank financed disaster response project initiated in 1988. Using ethnographic methods, I documented residents’ responses to and understandings of the government’s resettlement project for Santa Marta. My results indicate that the state has discursively shifted the problem of favelas from a social question to an environmental one, while residents continue to frame favela conditions as a social justice issue and challenge the state’s assessment of environmental risk.

As a result of the United Nations’ International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (1990-2000), and recent high profile disasters, disaster risk reduction has climbed high on the international political agenda. There has been a paradigm shift from reacting to disasters towards preparing for and mitigating effects of disasters. Among the measures that have been highlighted on the disaster risk reduction agenda are early warning systems. In a Swedish context, there are needs for early warnings for various flood risk types. Municipalities carry big responsibilities for managing flood risks, and early warnings have a potential to facilitate decision-making and ultimately reduce flood losses. The aim of this thesis is to describe how a variety of flood warning signals are used in the risk management process of Swedish municipalities, how they can contribute to the flood risk reducing process, and which factors influence the success of this. The thesis is based on two papers. Paper I is based on interviews with three respondents from Swedish municipalities that have invested in and established local early warning systems. The paper shows that the possible effects from a local early warning system are not only reduced flood losses but also potential spinoff, the occurrence of which is dependent on the well-being of the organisation and its risk management processes. Paper II is based on interviews with 23 respondents at 18 Swedish municipalities, who have responsibilities related to flood risk management, and one respondent who works at SMHI with hydrological warning. The paper shows that municipalities can use a variety of complementary flood warning signals to facilitate decision-making for a proactive flood response. This is however not systematically the case, and is dependent on available resources. The theoretical contribution of this thesis is a development of existing conceptual models of early warning systems with respect to risk management and system contexts, and the use of complementary warning signals. / Following the United Nations’ International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (1990-2000), and recent high profile disasters, disaster risk reduction has climbed high on the international political agenda. Among the measures that have been highlighted are early warning systems – for Swedish municipalities who are responsible for managing flood risks, early warnings have a potential to facilitate decision-making and ultimately reduce flood losses. This licentiate thesis, based on two articles, aims to describe how a variety of flood warning signals are used in the risk management process of Swedish municipalities, how they can contribute to the flood risk reducing process, and which factors influence the success of this. The articles show that the possible effects from a local early warning system are not only reduced flood losses but also potential spin-off benefits, the occurrence of which is dependent on factors such as organisational culture and the functioning of the wider risk management system, and that municipalities can use a variety of complementary flood warning signals to facilitate decision-making for a proactive flood response which, however, is not systematically the case as benefits are dependent on available resources.

This paper examines how green areas may be used as strategic recovery zones in the event of an earthquake and how these zones may strengthen the resilience for future quakes in Istanbul. The paper also refers to investigating why the planning system in Turkey can pose a threat for the provision of green areas. Green areas have proven to be an important feature in natural disaster stricken cities for coping with disasters by strengthening the city’s resilience. However due to rapid population growth and high demand for housing and infrastructure, green areas risk disappearing when the city expands. This problem is evident all major cities of turkey and particularly in the country’s largest city Istanbul, where green areas are benign exploited instead of preserved; leaving larger city’s such as Istanbul vulnerable for future earthquake disasters. The high demand for new housing and functioning infrastructure in conjunction with a complicated planning system in Turkey leads to a vaguely regulated planning system, which creates a threat to green areas. This creates an uncertain situation for the city's ability and resilience to withstand a future earthquake disaster. The study will be based on a qualitative method. The empirical material will be presented through a previous research overview and a case study, which is also based on previous research on the subject. Essay analysis will be performed based on a quantitative text analysis based on concepts; urban disaster resilience, green infrastructure, land use planning and governance, presented in the essays theoretical framework. The general conclusions of the study are that there is a lack of good governance in the planning system in Turkey, which creates restrictions for a sustainable and resilient urban planning in the city of Istanbul. Green areas are resilience and capacity building areas in the city to handle future earthquake disaster, by providing open recovery zones in a densely built city. It is therefore important to plan for a long-term land use and to regard the green areas in the city to uphold strong urban disaster resilience for future earthquakes in Istanbul.

Disaster risk reduction policies and practitioners alike emphasise the importance of vulnerability reduction. However, the concept of vulnerability is highly dynamic, and research still strives to understand and capture its complexity. The purpose of this study was to improve the understanding of flood vulnerability in rural disaster-prone communities in Mozambique. To explore previous experiences of floods, I conducted semi-structured interviews with local risk committee members and community members in the lower Limpopo river basin. The findings were analysed with an analytical framework consisting of the Disaster Pressure and Release (PAR) model, drawing on political ecology and the Access model. Disaster was studied as a process revealing important factors, capabilities and strains affecting peoples’ vulnerability. This paper illustrated that rural communities in the lower Limpopo river basin are vulnerable to floods in a variety of ways. The findings presented unsafe conditions such as the fragile local economy, unsafe natural resources, strained physical resources and limited access to human and social capital. Several factors deriving from political, social and economic structures were found to influence specific forms of vulnerability expressed in relation to floods. Therefore, this paper contributes to new insights of how flood vulnerability can be described and explained in Mozambique.

Natural hazards are predicted to only increase in frequency and severity over the next decade, making it crucial to avoid their negative consequences by disaster risk reduction. Reducing risks of natural hazards is not a recent invention as it has been shown that indigenous and local communities possess indigenous and local knowledge systems related to reducing disaster risks. These knowledge systems are however largely being ignored in policy and research. They are also subjected to pressures which risk altering, eroding or destroying them. In this thesis, these indigenous and local knowledge systems and the pressures that might threaten them are explored through a field study with interviews and observations in rural indigenous and local communities in northern Thailand. The findings show clear evidence of multiple and varying types of indigenous and local knowledge systems, such as knowledges, practices, and beliefs that reduce disaster risk. However, multiple types of pressures to the indigenous and local knowledge systems are also found. These pressures have in some cases already resulted in a loss of indigenous and local knowledge systems, or risk doing so in the future. The conclusion of the thesis is that these indigenous and local knowledge systems and the pressures to them should be kept in close mind in research, policy and intervention to improve disaster risk reduction and not perpetuate the current western paradigm.