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Logística reversa no setor automobilístico brasileiro: uma aplicação para o estado de São Paulo / Reverse logistics in the Brazilian automotive sector: an application to the State of São PauloHeiderich, Nadja Nara Lima 29 August 2016 (has links)
A presente pesquisa teve como principal objetivo propor uma estrutura inicial para a implantação da logística reversa no setor automobilístico brasileiro. Para tanto, foi utilizado o método de pesquisa misto, compreendendo tanto a pesquisa qualitativa como a quantitativa. Para a parte qualitativa foram aplicados questionários a empresas do setor automobilístico, uma representando as montadoras, outra representando as seguradoras, desmanches e uma empresa que opera com sucata, no intuito de captar a percepção das mesmas quanto ao tema. Para a parte quantitativa, o ferramental utilizado foi o método de programação linear, sendo a aplicação do modelo realizada para o estado de São Paulo, devido à sua representatividade no setor automobilístico brasileiro e às ações já encaminhadas, neste estado, no sentido de implantação de uma logística reversa de automóveis de forma padronizada. Foram especificados seis cenários, para melhor análise do modelo, considerando, diferentes disponibilidades na oferta de automóveis, na capacidade instalada de sucateiros e no número de sucateiros. Na parte qualitativa, os resultados apontaram para a divergência quanto à opinião dos agentes, sugerindo que não há um consenso formado quanto à implantação da logística reversa no setor automobilístico brasileiro. Na parte quantitativa, os resultados da aplicação do modelo matemático apontam para a viabilidade de implantação deste processo e para a necessidade de ampliação da capacidade de instalada para reciclagem de metais. / This research aimed at proposing an initial framework for the implementation of reverse logistics in the Brazilian automotive industry. For this, it was used the mixed research method, comprising both qualitative and quantitative research. For the qualitative part, questionnaires were applied to companies in the automotive sector, representing the automakers, another representing insurers, miscarriages and also a company that operates scrap in order to capture the perception of them for the subject. In the quantitative part, the tool used was the linear programming method, being the application made to State of São Paulo, due to its share in the Brazilian automotive industry and the actions already under way in this state, to implement reverse logistics vehicles in a standardized way. Six scenarios were specified, for better analysis of the model, considering different availabilities in car supply, the installed capacity of scrap and the number of scrap dealers. In the qualitative part, the results pointed to the divergence for the views of the agents, suggesting that there is no consensus formed about the implementation of reverse logistics in the Brazilian automotive industry. In the quantitative part, the results of the application of the mathematical model point out to the implementation of this process feasibility and the need for the increase in the installed capacity for metal recycling.
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Logística reversa no setor automobilístico brasileiro: uma aplicação para o estado de São Paulo / Reverse logistics in the Brazilian automotive sector: an application to the State of São PauloNadja Nara Lima Heiderich 29 August 2016 (has links)
A presente pesquisa teve como principal objetivo propor uma estrutura inicial para a implantação da logística reversa no setor automobilístico brasileiro. Para tanto, foi utilizado o método de pesquisa misto, compreendendo tanto a pesquisa qualitativa como a quantitativa. Para a parte qualitativa foram aplicados questionários a empresas do setor automobilístico, uma representando as montadoras, outra representando as seguradoras, desmanches e uma empresa que opera com sucata, no intuito de captar a percepção das mesmas quanto ao tema. Para a parte quantitativa, o ferramental utilizado foi o método de programação linear, sendo a aplicação do modelo realizada para o estado de São Paulo, devido à sua representatividade no setor automobilístico brasileiro e às ações já encaminhadas, neste estado, no sentido de implantação de uma logística reversa de automóveis de forma padronizada. Foram especificados seis cenários, para melhor análise do modelo, considerando, diferentes disponibilidades na oferta de automóveis, na capacidade instalada de sucateiros e no número de sucateiros. Na parte qualitativa, os resultados apontaram para a divergência quanto à opinião dos agentes, sugerindo que não há um consenso formado quanto à implantação da logística reversa no setor automobilístico brasileiro. Na parte quantitativa, os resultados da aplicação do modelo matemático apontam para a viabilidade de implantação deste processo e para a necessidade de ampliação da capacidade de instalada para reciclagem de metais. / This research aimed at proposing an initial framework for the implementation of reverse logistics in the Brazilian automotive industry. For this, it was used the mixed research method, comprising both qualitative and quantitative research. For the qualitative part, questionnaires were applied to companies in the automotive sector, representing the automakers, another representing insurers, miscarriages and also a company that operates scrap in order to capture the perception of them for the subject. In the quantitative part, the tool used was the linear programming method, being the application made to State of São Paulo, due to its share in the Brazilian automotive industry and the actions already under way in this state, to implement reverse logistics vehicles in a standardized way. Six scenarios were specified, for better analysis of the model, considering different availabilities in car supply, the installed capacity of scrap and the number of scrap dealers. In the qualitative part, the results pointed to the divergence for the views of the agents, suggesting that there is no consensus formed about the implementation of reverse logistics in the Brazilian automotive industry. In the quantitative part, the results of the application of the mathematical model point out to the implementation of this process feasibility and the need for the increase in the installed capacity for metal recycling.
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Допринос интегрисаног модела управљања моторним возилима на крају животног циклуса развоју Републике Србије / Doprinos integrisanog modela upravljanja motornim vozilima na kraju životnog ciklusa razvoju Republike SrbijePavlović Aleksandar 29 September 2016 (has links)
<p>Полазећи од анализе рециклаже ELV у Србији и свету, анализиран је аспект одрживости и дефинисан модел одрживе рециклаже ELV. Применом fuzzy вишекритеријумског приступа, статистичких метода, Delphy методе и симулационих метода утврђени су кључни фактори успеха одрживости рециклаже ELV. Применом fuzzy приступа и симулационих динамичких модела за област рециклаже ELV, утврђен је утицај фактора одрживости рециклаже ELV на: (1) ниво рециклаже, (2) процес рециклаже у Србији и (3) одрживи развој Србије.</p> / <p>Polazeći od analize reciklaže ELV u Srbiji i svetu, analiziran je aspekt održivosti i definisan model održive reciklaže ELV. Primenom fuzzy višekriterijumskog pristupa, statističkih metoda, Delphy metode i simulacionih metoda utvrđeni su ključni faktori uspeha održivosti reciklaže ELV. Primenom fuzzy pristupa i simulacionih dinamičkih modela za oblast reciklaže ELV, utvrđen je uticaj faktora održivosti reciklaže ELV na: (1) nivo reciklaže, (2) proces reciklaže u Srbiji i (3) održivi razvoj Srbije.</p> / <p>Starting from the analysis of the ELV recycling in Serbia and the world, the<br />aspect of sustainability and sustainable model defined ELV recycling is<br />analyzed. Application of fuzzy multi-criteria approach, statistical methods,<br />Delphy methods and simulation methods identified are key success factors in<br />the sustainability of ELV recycling. By application of fuzzy approach and<br />dynamic simulation models for the ELV recycling, influence of ELV recycling<br />sustainability factors is determined on: (1) the level of recycling, (2) the<br />recycling process in Serbia, and (3) the sustainable development of Serbia.</p>
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End of Life Vehicles Management at Indian Automotive SystemNaik, Tejas Surya January 2018 (has links)
End of Life Vehicles (ELVs) can act as a source of secondary raw materials at the same time can pose a severe threat to our ecosystem if the ELVs are handled unscientifically. Globally, abundant research is being carried out on obsolete vehicles to harness energy and to reduce negative impacts on the environment. India, characterized by an informal ELV handling sector has achieved material recovery and recycling efficiency up to some extent but lacks in the incorporation of eco-friendly management of ELVs, and this issue needs to be addressed along with the problems of social and economic sustainability of the firm. The research work is intended to study the prevailing status of ELV handling in India. The current situation is represented by comparing ELV handling capacities of various firms and future ELVs. Also, an assessment of shared responsibility of critical stakeholders is depicted using a radar chart, and relative importance of their involvement is represented. Research also presents a comparative study of ELV legislative policies of different countries. Linear regression is applied to predict the values of ELVs in major Indian cities. Suitable methodologies are employed to collect the required data, and the findings are discussed using illustrative graphs and tables.
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Innovations for Increased Metal Recycling : An econometric study based on patent dataEhnbom, Ellen, Larsson, Tilde January 2024 (has links)
The aim of this thesis is to study the role that policy measures and market mechanisms have played in promoting innovation in metal recycling from end-of-life vehicles. This is achieved using an econometric analysis and the panel data negative binomial regression model. The data cover 16 OECD countries over 24 years (1980-2003). Patent applications are used as a proxy for innovation, and with sole focus on end-of-life vehicle metal waste (i.e., classification codes IPC B62D67 and B30B9/32). The empirical results suggest that innovations in this field have been influenced by the presence of national regulations, the introduction of the EU end-of-life vehicle directive, the level of primary steel production and the cost of labor in the respective countries. The results also indicate that the influence of labor costs on innovation is greater in countries with high primary steel production levels compared to countries with low production of primary steel. / Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka vilken roll som politiska styrmedel och olika marknadsmekanismer har spelat för att främja innovation inom metallåtervinning från uttjänta fordon. Detta åstadkoms genom en ekonometrisk analys baserat på en negativ binomial regressionsmodell och ett paneldataset. Data utgörs av 16 OECD länder över en tidsperiod på 24 år (1980–2003). Antalet patentansökningar används som approximation för innovation och fokus är metallåtervinning från uttjänta fordon (klassificeringskoderna IPC B62D67 och B30B9/32). De empiriska resultaten visar att innovationsbenägenheten inom detta område har påverkats av förekomsten av nationella regleringar, EU-direktivet för uttjänta fordon, nivån på den primära stålproduktionen och kostnaden för arbetskraft. Resultaten visar även att effekten av arbetskraftskostnad på innovationsbenägenheten är större i länder med hög primär stålproduktion jämfört med länder med låg motsvarande produktion.
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Proposição de um framework para a implementação do processo de logística reversa para veículos em final de vida no BrasilFranzini Filho, Carlos Roberto 31 March 2015 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2015-03-31 / Currently in Brazil and the worldwide, the "end of life vehicles" (ELV) has been considered as a serious problem to environment. It is considered as an ELV the vehicle that concluded his life cycle or vehicle damaged due accidents. Unlike countries where recovery ELV happens because of specific ELV laws, recovery of ELV parts in Brazil has been guided by profit in reason of the possibility to reselling parts with highest market value after the first phase of use. The aim of this study was to identify what are necessary steps to propose a framework to implementation of reverse logistics process to ELVs in Brazil. The methodology used to achieve the aim was a theoretical / conceptual research from bibliometric review of the literature available in five databases (CAPES, EBSCO, PROQUEST, SCIENCE DIRECT, GOOGLE ACADÊMICO) and documentary research in Unions and class Associations. A content analysis from collected data allowed the identification of the main aspects and activities related to reverse logistics to ELV. Considering the current scenario for ELVs in Brazil and the data obtained from the literature during the content analysis, a framework was proposed with the required steps to implement the reverse logistics to ELV in Brazil. In reason of a theoretical study, there are limitations because of the different realities from researched countries: changing regulatory, social structures, political systems, laws, economic systems and also the level of development from the country. / Atualmente no Brasil e no mundo, os “Veículos em Final de Vida” (VFV) têm sido um grande problema para o meio ambiente. É considerado como VFV o veículo que chegou ao final de seu ciclo de vida útil ou o veículo que teve o seu ciclo de vida útil interrompido prematuramente em razão de acidentes. Diferentemente dos países onde a recuperação de VFV acontece em razão de obrigações legais especificas, no Brasil a recuperação das peças constituintes dos VFV têm sido impulsionada pela possibilidade de obtenção de lucro com a revenda destas peças para reuso, remanufatura ou reciclagem. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo propor um framework com as etapas necessárias para a implementação do processo de logística reversa para VFV no Brasil. A metodologia utilizada para atingir o objetivo proposto foi uma pesquisa teórico/conceitual a partir de revisão bibliométrica da literatura em cinco bases de dados disponíveis (CAPES, EBSCO, PROQUEST, SCIENCE DIRECT, GOOGLE ACADÊMICO) e uma pesquisa documental em órgãos de classe do setor automotivo. Uma análise de conteúdo feita nos dados coletados permitiu a identificação dos principais aspectos e atividades relacionadas ao processo de logística reversa para VFV. Foram apresentados os principais estimuladores e barreiras identificadas na literatura para a implementação da logística reversa para VFV. Considerando o atual cenário para VFV no Brasil e as os dados apurados na literatura durante a análise de conteúdo, foi proposto um framework com as etapas necessárias para a implementação do processo de logística reversa para VFV no Brasil. Por tratar-se de um estudo teórico, as limitações deste estudo se devem ao fato das diferentes realidades entre os países pesquisados: diferentes regulamentações governamentais, estruturas sociais, sistemas políticos, sistemas econômicos e também o nível de desenvolvimento do país.
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Substance flow analysis of brominated flame retardants in vehicles / 自動車由来の臭素系難燃剤の物質フロ-分析Liu, Heping 23 March 2021 (has links)
京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第23183号 / 工博第4827号 / 新制||工||1754(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院工学研究科都市環境工学専攻 / (主査)教授 酒井 伸一, 教授 田中 宏明, 准教授 平井 康宏 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DFAM
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Valorisation des véhicules hors d’usage (VHU) : Comparaison multicritère de scénarios de démantèlement par une étude expérimentale menée sur un site industriel de déconstruction / broyage / Multi-criteria comparison of dismantling scenarios of used vehicles by an experimental study on an industrial siteSchmid, Alexis 29 June 2012 (has links)
Afin de déterminer les principaux leviers qui permettraient d’améliorer les taux de valorisation des VHU, dans des conditions socio-économiques et environnementales acceptables, des campagnes expérimentales de déconstruction et de broyage visant à comparer différents scenarii de déconstruction ont été réalisées sur un site industriel (Acyclea, groupe Praxy). Cette démarche vise à répondre à la directive européenne relative aux VHU qui fixe l’objectif ambitieux d’atteindre au plus tard le 1er janvier 2015 un taux de valorisation minimal de 95 % en masse du VHU, dont au maximum 10% de valorisation énergétique. Les campagnes expérimentales réalisées ont chacune traité des échantillons d’au moins 90 VHU, dont la masse et l’âge moyens ont été évalués à 989 kg / VHU et 14 ans respectivement. Les masses et compositions des flux de matière ont été mesurées pour déterminer les incidences du niveau de démantèlement des véhicules. D’autres paramètres ont également été suivis, tels que les temps de main d’œuvre sur les différentes opérations et l’analyse des rejets éventuels de la filière dans l’environnement. Les résultats montrent que les taux de valorisation augmentent avec le niveau de déconstruction des véhicules, passant de 81.6 +/- 3.4 % de la masse des VHU pour le scénario standard à 86.0 +/- 0.6 % pour le scénario le plus poussé. Cependant, les objectifs de la directive n’ont pas été atteints même avec le scénario le plus poussé. Une méthodologie d’évaluation globale adaptée au système « démantèlement / broyage / tri de VHU » a été mise en place. Elle repose sur 9 indicateurs qui évaluent des performances au regard des enjeux du Développement Durable et un indicateur plus spécifique qui évalue la performance technique de la filière. Les résultats obtenus ont été analysés indicateur par indicateur, puis une analyse multicritère globale a été effectuée à l’aide de la méthode ELECTRE II. Ils révèlent que le scénario intermédiaire de déconstruction serait optimal vis-à-vis de l’ensemble des critères sélectionnés. / To identify keys for improving the recovery rates of ELVs in sustainable socio-economic and environmental conditions, experimental campaigns of dismantling and shredding were performed to compare different scenarios of deconstruction on an industrial plant (Acyclea, Praxy group). This is a focus on the EU Directive on ELVs which sets the ambitious goal of achieving no later than 1 January 2015 a minimum recycling rate of 95% by weight of ELVs, including a maximum of 10% for energy recovery. The experimental campaigns were carried out each treated sample of at least 90 ELVs, whose mass and age means were evaluated at 989 kg / ELV and 14 years respectively. The masses and compositions of matter flows were measured to determine the impact of the level of dismantling vehicles. Other parameters were also monitored, such as labor time on the various operations and analysis of potential emissions in the environment. The results show that the recovery rates increase with the level of deconstruction of vehicles, from 81.6 + / - 3.4% of the mass of ELVs for the standard scenario to 86.0 + / - 0.6% for the scenario the more extensive. However, the objectives of the Directive have not been achieved even with the more extensive scenario further. A comprehensive assessment methodology adapted to the system "dismantling / shredding / sorting of ELV" was established. It is based on nine indicators to measure performance in terms of sustainable development issues and a more specific indicator that assesses the technical performance of the sector. The results were analyzed indicator by indicator, and a comprehensive multi-criteria analysis was performed using the method ELECTRE II. They show that the middle scenario of deconstruction is optimal vis-à-vis all the selected criteria.
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Correlación del equilibrio entre fases: ELV, ELL, ELS, ELLL y ELLS. Limitaciones y estrategias para superarlasCarbonell Hermida, Paloma 12 December 2022 (has links)
El trabajo de investigación desarrollado en la presente tesis trata sobre la correlación del equilibrio entre fases de sistemas binarios y ternarios que presentan algún tipo de complejidad, como la presencia de distintas regiones de equilibrio que combinan fases sólidas, líquidas y vapor, así como sobre las limitaciones encontradas en los modelos termodinámicos clásicos para el coeficiente de actividad y las estrategias empleadas para superarlas. En esta tesis se destaca el papel fundamental que tiene la función de energía libre de Gibbs de mezcla, combinada con el criterio de equilibrio basado en la menor tangente común, para detectar posibles soluciones metaestables u otros resultados de correlación inconsistentes. / Estudios financiados por la Generalitat Valenciana: Conselleria de Educación, Investigación, Cultura y Deporte. “Subvenciones para la contratación de personal investigador de carácter predoctoral (ACIF/2019/040)”.
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