Bakgrund: I sjuksköterskans arbete ingår det att stödja och vårda patienter i olika skeden i livet. Många sjuksköterskor arbetar med patienter och närstående i svåra situationer. Compassion fatigue är något som drabbar sjuksköterskor och innebär att sjuksköterskan tar på sig sina patienters smärta och lidande. Detta resulterar i att sjuksköterskans förmåga att engagera och känna för sina patienter försvinner.   Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva sjuksköterskors upplevelser av Compassion fatigue.  Metod: Litteraturöversikt i enlighet med Friberg, (2017). Fyra kvalitativa artiklar, fem kvantitativa artiklar och en artikel med mixmetod utgivna mellan 2008–2018 inkluderades och analyserades.  Resultat: I resultatet för litteraturöversikten identifierades tre teman, Vårdrelationens roll i upplevelser av Compassion fatigue, Sjuksköterskans arbetsmiljön och Arbetslivserfarenhet och ålder.   Diskussion: Watsons teori om mänsklig omsorg ligger tillgrund för diskussionen. Sjuksköterskans självkännedom och förmåga att ta hand om sig själv spelar en stor roll i vårdandet av andra. / Background: The nurse's work includes supporting and caring for patients in different stages of life. Many nurses work close with patients and relatives in difficult situations. Compassion fatigue is something that affects nurses and means that the nurse takes on her patients' pain and suffering. This results in the nurse's ability to engage and feel for their patients disappear.  Aim: The aim was to describe nurses experiences of Compassion fatigue.  Method: Literature review in accordance with Friberg, (2017). Four qualitative articles, five quantitative articles and an article with mix method published between 2008-2018 were included and analyzed.  Results: In the results of the literature review three themes was identified, Caring relationships roll in the experiace of Compassion fatigue, Nurses working environment and Worklife experience and age.  Discussion: Watson's theory of human caring is the foundations for the discussion. Nurses own self-knowledge and ability to take care of themselves plays a major part in caring for others.

Do maximizers maximize across decision domains? An assumption underlying the literature on maximizing is that the tendency to strive to make the best choice spans domains. The current research provides a direct test of this assumption by examining the association between trait maximizing and domain-specific maximizing, consisting of maximizing measures in a wide range of decisions (consumer goods, services and experiences, and life decisions). Study 1 tested this association at two different time points in order to minimize common method bias. Study 2 was a highpowered pre-registered cross-sectional replication. Results of both studies showed that trait maximizing was associated with higher maximizing tendencies across all three decision domains. However, in line with prior research suggesting that people generally maximize less in experiential than in material domains, trait maximizing was associated with maximizing in services and experiences significantly less than with maximizing in consumer goods or in life decisions. These results provide empirical support for a central tenet of maximizing theory and suggest useful directions for future research.

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Aim: To describe nursing students experiences of caring for hospitalized children between 0-5 years old.  Background: Child mortality is most common in the ages between 0-5 years old. Despite the positive development in Vietnam during the last years, children are still a vulnerable group. Studies show that there are challenges in pediatric nursing in Vietnam and research is required to highlight the experiences to increase awareness of pediatric nursing and child mortality. Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten nursing students who had practice with children between 0-5 years old. The data were analyzed by qualitative content analysis with an inductive approach.  Results: The students felt gratefulness when they could support the children and the parents of the children. The students received new knowledge about specific tasks and described parents as essential and supporting in the care. Conclusion: It appeared that pediatric nursing is challenging and generates different emotions. An important factor in pediatric nursing is to involve parents.

Bakgrund:  Postpartum depression (PPD) är ett tillstånd som kan uppkomma hos nyblivna mödrar, där mer än en av tio kvinnor drabbas. Olika typer av symtom kan uppstå som exempelvis skuldkänslor i sin föräldrarroll, sänkt stämningsläge och en känsla av hopplöshet inför sin livssituation. Uppkomsten av PPD är multifaktoriell men de psykosociala faktorerna är av hög signifikans och bör uppmärksammas mer än det görs idag. Trots att PPD har fått ett ökat intresse sedan 1990-talet existerar en stigmatisering gällande diagnosen. Att drabbas av PPD kan innebära stora påfrestningar på modern, på grund av detta är det av stor vikt att sjuksköterskor i sitt omvårdnadsarbete utgår ifrån ett personcentrerat perspektiv.  Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturöversikt var att belysa kvinnors upplevelse av omvårdnad vid postpartum depression.  Metod: En litteraturöversikt har genomförts. Tio artiklar har granskats och analyserats och sammanställts i resultatet. Sökningar utfördes i databaserna Cinahl Complete och PsycINFO.  Resultat: Tre huvudteman kunde urskiljas: Hinder till att söka vård, brist på information och vårdrelationens betydelse. Många kvinnor som drabbats av PPD upplevde en rädsla över samhällets eventuella åsikter beträffande deras moderskap samt att msslyckas som mödrar.  resultatet framkom olka hinder till varför kvinnor som drabbas av PPD inte uppsökt vård. Dessa hinder grundade sig bland annat i en bristande relation till sjuksköterskan och en rädsla för att uppfattas som svaga.  Diskussion: Ett flertal kvinnor önskade en bättre kommunikation och ett bättre bemötande från vården samt utökad information om diagnosen PPD och dess symtom. Sjuksköterskor i sitt omvårdnadsarbete bör utgå ifrån ett personcentrerat perspektiv för att kunna bemöta den enskilda kvinnans behov. Resultatet diskuteras ur teoretikern Phil Barkers tidvattenmodell.

Background: Almost every day a family finds out their child has cancer. The cancer affect the entire family. The parents had the closest contact to the child, and they were involved in all treatment process. Aim: The aim of this study is to illuminate parents’ experiences of their child going through cancer treatment. Method: The method we chose is a literature study that contributes to evidence based care, based on analysis of qualitative research. This method was chosen to get a better understanding of parents’ experiences when their child gets a cancer diagnose. Twelve qualitative articles were chosen for the result. Results: In the result we found three themes and ten subthemes. What we found was a changed life situation that affected the life quality, the family, marriages and the social relations. The situation also affected their faith and hope for the future. The parents had to struggle with their feelings and their economic daily, as a result of the child’s diagnosis. Another thing the results show is how the parents’ experienced the care, with treatment, information from the health professionals, and how they treated the families. Conclusion: The results show that the parents was in need of information, care and support to be able to handle the situation of their sick child. Here, the nurse plays a vital and significant role to support these families in their struggle against cancer. Keywords: childhood cancer, experiences, family, neoplasm, parents.

Background: Previous research shows that individuals with substance use disorder experience stigmatization in society, close relationships and even negative attitudes in health care. These individuals increase in number and are a patient group that general nurses can meet in their daily work. It has also been shown that nursing treatment with regard to these individuals may be crucial for seeking and maintaining treatment. This study therefore focuses on nurses’ attitudes towards these individuals but also on their experiences when caring for them. Aim: To investigate the nurse’s attitudes to and experiences of care of individuals with substance abuse disorder. Method: The method used was a systematic literature study with basic qualitative analysis. Result: The results is presented in two domains; "Nurses’ approach" and "Nurses’ experiences" with seven categories. What turned out was a link between high level of knowledge and awareness and good care. The results also showed that some nurses had negative expectations for this patient group, which negatively affected nursing care. We could also discern an inner conflict within the nurses, who often felt insufficient and unable to provide the care the individual was entitled to. Conclusion: Nursing approaches and experiences varied. A link between knowledge and awareness and provision of good care and preventing or reducing prejudice, was found. Society and its culture tend to affect the nurses’ views of individuals with substance abuse disorder. The inner conflicts occurred when nurses did not give the individual the care that he or she were entitled to.

The research for the master thesis was about the influence the participation in sport events taking place in nature has on sustainable behaviour of the individual. Although there is an understanding of what sustainability means in literature, each person defines its means for her or himself and acts differently. As there is not much research that looks at sustainability as something that can be experienced, this paper is an attempt to find out. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to identify how a participant of sport events, taking place in nature, is influenced by the experiences during the different stages of the event, including preparation, racing, and the time afterwards. As a theoretical concept for a change through experience transformation was chosen. As case for such an event the Vasaloppet 2018 was chosen. As there is a large variety of races during the events, the participation in the context of research includes individuals that join the full 90-kilometres distances during daytime. As a result, the sample is derived from the Vasaloppet (main run), and open spår (open trail). The concepts derived from literature encompass sustainability in relation with organisations, using the triple bottom line. In this context, the sustainability of events is conceptualized in conjunction with the ideas of people, planet and profit. After exploring concepts that are important on an organisational level, the three levels of sustainability by Cavagnaro and Curiel (2012) was used to get a better understanding of the role of the individual. Further concepts are serious leisure and consumption, as the participant of an event, for this research, is also someone who consumes products and services in relation to performing serious leisure. Also, the motivations to participate are examined. Additional, the meaning of experiences and possible experiences of events were elaborated. Finally, the concept of transformation for this paper were discovered. To reach the aim of the research a qualitative research approach, based on social constructivism was taken. The research was conducted by having interviews with six participants of the 2018 Vasaloppet. The obtained data was analysed by means of an inductive thematic analysis, creating themes from what was said by the interviewees. The key findings discussed are their understanding of individual and organisational sustainability, as well as transport, in the context of the Vasaloppet experience. Further a chapter about experiences that made the interviewees thinking about issues that might cause transformation is added. A chapter about actual found transformational experiences is added in closing. Eventually a reflection on the research process is given, before concluding the thesis.

Esta dissertação tem como objetivo acompanhar, através do método da cartografia, a infância e as experiências educacionais de uma criança surda através de imagens produzidas e escolhidas por ela em uma escola de surdos, uma escola infantil comum e no contexto onde vive com sua família. Articulo o método da cartografia a noções do campo dos Estudos Culturais e dos Estudos Surdos para problematizar a infância e a produção de identidades e da diferença surda. A cartografia é um estudo das relações de forças que compõem um campo específico de experiências, não dependendo de um plano a executar, de um conjunto de competências a adquirir ou de uma lista de habilidades a aplicar em determinado campo pelo pesquisador. A cartografia tem a primazia do encontro, de fazer “falar aquilo que ainda não se encontrava na esfera do já sabido, acessar a experiência de cada um, fazer conexões, descobrir a leitura, a brincadeira, os elos e tudo que vive no cruzamento e nas franjas desses territórios existenciais.” (BARROS e KASTRUP, 2010, p.61). A cartografia é, portanto, uma prática que acompanha um processo. Durante o meu processo investigativo, busquei aproximações com os campos da filosofia e da infância para pensar sobre o pensar, para que possamos olhar de diferentes formas e lugares a infância e a surdez, para talvez reescrever o que já foi pensado e dito na e sobre a educação das crianças surdas. A partir da análise do material empírico, foi possível perceber que a criança surda, para ser criança, subverte a ordem do que é “melhor para a criança surda” a partir da necessidade de ir à escola, onde tem suas refeições garantidas, sua higiene, o cuidado e o educar, estes tão intrínsecos, específicos da educação infantil. Acredito que a educação da infância surda deve acontecer com pares surdos, em uma escola de surdos, mas para isso é preciso fazer alguns deslocamentos, como olhar para a infância, tanto quanto se olha para a surdez, e que a criança não participe dessa escola apenas para ter atendimento educacional especializado para aprender a língua de sinais durante algumas poucas horas na semana. Poderíamos pensá-la primando pela educação do fazer pensar e do conhecimento, onde se tem potência de ser criança e potência para viver a identidade surda, porque o que somos é resultado não somente do que fazemos, mas também do que nos passa e do que experimentamos. Estamos todos, o tempo todo, em processo, em obra na produção de outras formas de existência. / This dissertation aims to follow the childhood and educational experiences of deaf children through the images produced and chosen by them in a deaf school, a regular nursery school and where they live with their family based on the method of cartography. This method is articulated with the concepts of Cultural and Deaf Studies to discuss the childhood and the production of identities and of the deaf diversity. Cartography is a study of power relations that makes up a particular field of experience, not depending on a plan to carry out, a set of skills to acquire or of a list of skills to apply in a particular field by the researcher. It emphasizes the gathering, the allowance to "speak what was not yet in the sphere of the already known, to access the experience of each individual, making connections, discovering reading, playing, the links and everything that lies at the intersection and on the fringes of these existential territories. " (BARROS e KASTRUP, 2010, p.61). Cartography is therefore a practice that goes hand in hand with a process. During this research process, the approximations with the fields of philosophy and childhood were sought to reflect about thinking, so that one can look from different perspectives and places at childhood and deafness, perhaps to rewrite what was already thought and said in and about the education of deaf children. The analysis of the empirical data shows that deaf children, to be children, subvert the order of what is "best for the deaf child" starting from the need to go to school, that provides their meals, hygiene the care and education, which are such intrinsic, specific aspects of child education. It is our belief that the education of deaf children should happen among deaf children in a deaf school, but for that it is necessary to make some displacements, such as looking at childhood as much as at deafness, and that the child will not attend this school just to have special classes to learn sign language for a couple of hours a week. It is possible to think of striving for an education that stimulates thinking and learning, in which one has the power to be a child and the power to live deaf identity because what we are is not only a result of what we do, but also what and how we experience it. We are all in constant process, working in the production of other existence forms.

Background: Endometriosis is a chronic disease affecting about 176 million fertile women worldwide. Severe menstrual pain and pain during intercourse are the primary symptoms that characterizes the disease. It often takes a long time to get the diagnosis, the nurse should be responsive and identify the patient's needs. Aim: The aim of this literature study was to describe women's experiences of living with endometriosis and the included articles data collection methods. Method: Literature study with descriptive design. Data were collected through the databases PubMed and Cinahl, the result is built on eleven scholarly articles with qualitative and mixed designs. Main Results: The woman who lives with endometriosis experiences severe pain at different time at the menstrual cycle. The diagnosis could take up to several years for some women to receive, where a common occurrence for most of them were mistrust and normalization of the symptoms from the healthcare. Endometriosis has a major impact on women's everyday life where they are both mentally and socially affected by the disease. Most of the women used their own self-strategies as dietary changes to prevent the symptoms. The eleven scholarly articles in this study used different interview methods to collect the data. Conclusion: Endometriosis has a major negative impact on women's everyday life and relationships, the disease causes infertility and social constraints. Increased knowledge in society and in health care can contribute to reduced suffering in these women.