Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:52:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Paulo Roberto Ribeiro Frugis.pdf: 975291 bytes, checksum: 88ff1ba0e7d017878c453f909a69171b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-20 / This thesis aims to evaluate empirically the applicability of Thirlwall's Law for the Brazilian economy in the period from 1948 to 2013 whereas the specification proposed by Carvalho and Lima (2009) that includes individually all the components of the payments balance: international trade, terms of trade, capital flows (considered without limits the entry) and interest payments. In doing so it shows the contribution of each of these components to the aggregate growth of the product. The specification of Carvalho and Lima (2009) will be test for the period 1948-2004 and faced with the application developed by the authors for the periods 1930-2004 and 1994-2004. Since the model allows to identifying the contribution of each component of the payments balance for income growth, this analysis aims to evaluate its evolution in the past twenty years. The individual behavior of these parameters will allow work to discuss aspects of international trade in Brazil and specialization of its productive structure in the period. It is possible to observe an ongoing process of continuous worsening of reason of income-elasticities export/import that imposes greater restrictions on economic growth given by structural imbalances in the balance of payments / A presente dissertação tem por objetivo avaliar empiricamente a aplicabilidade da Lei de Thirlwall para a economia brasileira no período de 1948 a 2013 considerando a especificação proposta por Carvalho e Lima (2009) que contempla individualmente todos os componentes do balanço de pagamentos: comércio internacional, termos de troca, fluxos de capital (considerados sem limites à entrada) e pagamentos de juros. Ao fazê-lo evidencia-se a contribuição de cada um destes componentes ao crescimento agregado do produto. A especificação de Carvalho e Lima (2009) para o período 1948-2013 será confrontada com a aplicação desenvolvida pelos próprios autores para os períodos 1930-2004 e 1994-2004. Uma vez que o modelo permite identificar a contribuição de cada componente do balanço de pagamentos para o crescimento da renda, este comparativo objetiva avaliar a sua evolução nos últimos vinte anos. O comportamento individual destes parâmetros possibilitará ao trabalho discutir aspectos do comércio internacional brasileiro e especialização de sua estrutura produtiva no período. É possível observar que está em curso um processo contínuo de piora da razão das elasticidades-renda exportação/importação que impõe maiores restrições ao crescimento econômico dadas por desequilíbrios estruturais no balanço de pagamentos

Submitted by Marilene Donadel (marilene.donadel@unioeste.br) on 2019-01-25T17:10:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Taina_Oliveira_2018.pdf: 3384624 bytes, checksum: 2d8b914116ec974e5defbbf25874b533 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2019-01-25T17:10:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Taina_Oliveira_2018.pdf: 3384624 bytes, checksum: 2d8b914116ec974e5defbbf25874b533 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-09-10 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The present work had the objective of analyzing the dynamics of the cities of the South Arch of the Brazilian Border Range, from 2004 to 2014. This arch is formed by the border range of the states of Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul. For that, the indexes of level and rate of economic growth and the locational quotient were used. For the calculation of these indicators the data of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita and formal employment were used. When applying the chosen methodology on the data collected, it can be seen that, by analyzing the municipalities of the South Arch of the Brazilian Border, some common characteristics appeared in most of them, such as: great dependence on public agencies in these municipalities and external transfers, economy based on sectors such as agriculture, public administration and industry and also a population with about 20 thousand inhabitants. However, although the general picture pointed to these characteristics in most of the municipalities analyzed, some of them managed to stand out and obtain positive results in the indicators analyzed. Like the town of Pérola in the State of Paraná, which obtained the highest indicator of economic growth and had, in all the terms analyzed, indicators above the average of the whole South Arc. / O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a dinâmica dos municípios do Arco Sul da Faixa de Fronteira do Brasil, no período de 2004 a 2014. Este arco é formado pela Faixa de Fronteira dos estados do Paraná, Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul. Para tal, foram utilizados os índices de nível e ritmo de crescimento econômico e o quociente locacional. Para o cálculo destes indicadores utilizaram-se os dados do Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) per capita e emprego formal. Ao aplicar-se a metodologia escolhida nos dados coletados, pode-se perceber que, analisando-se os municípios do Arco Sul da Faixa de Fronteira do Brasil, algumas características comuns apareceram na maioria deles, como: grande dependência dos órgãos públicos existentes nestes municípios e de transferências externas, economia baseada em setores como agropecuária, administração pública e indústria e uma população com cerca de 20 mil habitantes. Entretanto, apesar do panorama geral ter apontado estas características em boa parte dos municípios analisados, alguns deles conseguiram se sobressair e obter resultados positivos nos indicadores analisados. O município de Pérola no Estado do Paraná, obteve o maior indicador de ritmo de crescimento econômico e teve, em todos os períodos analisados, indicadores superiores à média do Arco Sul.

Os modelos de desenvolvimento adotados compram o governo nacional, regido por uma lógica neoliberal e com base na teoria do desenvolvimento endógeno, provaram ser totalmente ineficientes para a desenvolvimento da maioria da sociedade brasileira, porque continuam a beneficiar a processos de acumulação de capital à custa do desenvolvimento humano. A falta de público políticas que possuem estratégias de desenvolvimento que podem ser efetivas para a população é uma das marcas distintivas do modelo capitalista; e os processos de acumulação são os que regem a dinâmica da economia global, regional e local no atual mundo globalista. Usando isso como base, este estudo tem como objetivo analisar o desenvolvimento social e econômico em Luzimangues - localizada no distrito de Porto Nacional -, depois de implementar o Multi Área modal da Estrada de ferro Norte-Sul. Concentra-se especialmente nos conceitos de desenvolvimento em PAC, bem como a sua influência nas Políticas Públicas em matéria de infra-estrutura e transporte, dirigido particularmente a Luzimangues. Portanto, tentamos compreender o seguinte situações: o desenvolvimento está acontecendo de forma eficaz; quais políticas de desenvolvimento e desenvolvimento endógeno estão dentro do campo teórico da atualidade discussões; que tipo de desenvolvimento econômico está ocorrendo no Brasil, de acordo com o Governo; como as ferrovias influenciam no desenvolvimento brasileiro; e, finalmente, o que é econômico influências ocorrem devido à Área Múltipla em Luzimangues. A metodologia deste estudo é baseado em diferentes técnicas, como análise de documentos e pesquisas de campo. Depois de uma teórica e discussão conceitual sobre as possibilidades de desenvolvimento em Luzimangues como resultado de a implementação da Área Múltipla, descobrimos que não se notou qualquer crescimento nos últimos dez anos, ainda menos devido à empresa governamental, a ferrovia norte-sul, porque a maioria da população ainda se sustenta em trabalho informal, vive em casas que têm estrutura pobre e não têm boas condições de saúde, educação e segurança. Nós também descobriu que o desenvolvimento ideal necessário para um país, estado ou cidade não ocorre simplesmente pelo crescimento econômico e modernização, especialmente, o tecnológico. Não é a Caso considere que eles não são necessários, mas é essencial, principalmente, que esse crescimento ocorra juntamente com condições para oferecer qualidade de vida através da entrega de educação de boa qualidade, condições de saúde e segurança, além de criar empregos e uma distribuição de riqueza de tarifas entre habitantes. / The development models adopted buy the national government, ruled by a neoliberal logic and based on endogenous development theory, have proven totally inefficient for the development of the majority of the Brazilian society, because they keep benefiting the processes of capital accumulation at the expense of human development. The lack of public policies which hold development strategies that can be effective to the population is one of the distinctive marks of capitalist model; and the accumulation processes are the ones which rule the dynamics of global, regional and local economy in current globalist world. Using this framework as basis, this study aims to analyze social and economic development in Luzimangues – located in the district of Porto Nacional -To, after implementing the Multi modal Area of North-South Railway. It focus especially the concepts of development in PAC, as well as their influence on Public Policies regarding infrastructure and transportation, addressed particularly to Luzimangues. Therefore, we try to comprehend the following situations: what development is happening effectively; which policies of regional development and endogenous development are within the theoretical field of current discussions; which type of economic development is taking place in Brazil, according to the Government; how railways influence in Brazilian development; and, finally, what economic influences occur due to the Multi modal Area in Luzimangues. The methodology of this study is based in different techniques, like document analysis and field research. After a theoretical and conceptual discussion about the development possibilities in Luzimangues as a result of the implementation of the Multi modal Area, we found that it was not noticeable any growth in the last ten years, even less due to the Government enterprise, North-South Railway, because most of the population still support themselves with informal labor, live in houses that have poor structure and do not have good health, education and safety conditions. We also found that the ideal development necessary for a country, state or city do not occur simply by economic growth and modernization, especially, the technological one. It is not the case to consider that they are not necessary, but it is essential, mainly, that this growth occur along with conditions to offer life quality through the delivery of good quality education, health and safety conditions, beyond creating jobs and a fare wealth distribution among inhabitants.

The problem of weak economic development in Nigeria despite a substantial inflow of revenues from oil exports especially from the early 1970s and other subsequent periods is an important issue to examine. This outcome presents a number of problems for any government regime in Nigeria seeking to provide solutions to enable the country to escape the adverse effects of natural resource wealth. At present, the Nigerian government is still struggling to find solutions to tackle the deteriorating state of affairs, particularly in terms of unemployment, rising food prices and internal security. The main aim of this study is to help understand the dynamic relationship between natural resource wealth and economic development. This research study analyses the trajectory of economic and political development in Nigeria over the period 1960 to 2010. This study employs historical political economy and empirical approaches in examining the relationship between oil wealth and economic development. This method distinguishes the study from others carried out in the literature, particularly from those on Nigeria where the common approach in this strand has been to examine the relationship using economic theories alone. The rationale for the approach employed in this study is that Nigeria has its own unique development in terms of politics, which has been influenced by the social structure and colonial history of the country and thus the impact of oil on economic growth should be investigated separately using a historical and empirical approach so as to capture time trend interactions between societal issues, politics and economic outcomes. First, this study examined the relationship between oil and economic performance using social, political and economic factors such as ethnic and regional differences, political instability, changes in ownership structure of the oil sector and government expenditure, which is largely financed by oil revenues. Next, the research empirically examined the impact of these factors on economic sectors such as agriculture and manufacturing. Afterwards, it analyses the impact of political and economic events in the preceding periods on the current or subsequent period that coincided with a return to democratic rule on major economic sectors. In general, the results show that the period, which marked a transition to a stable political regime, has no impact on economic performance from 1999 - 2010. Implicitly, this means that democracy in isolation is not a process that accompanies economic development and that a strong policy which could foster national unity and overcome regional and ethnic differences is needed. In order to promote sound economic development this policy should be dynamic, specific and directed to the promotion of a national agenda that will target and benefit important sectors such as agriculture and manufacturing through creating forward and backward linkages in a multiplier effect.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:50:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 NELIA PAULA DE MELO.pdf: 7642614 bytes, checksum: 112388e48458c983f373b35cb089c8e7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-06 / Based on the changes in obeserved economic terms in Aparecida de Goiania, a city located in the state of Goias, and inserted in the Metropolitan Region of Goiânia - RMG, this paper aims to present its development. As a reflection of the ideas coming from the regional development specialists, and in the light of this theoretical production, these seek support. The performance analysis is based on the economic and fiscal indicators local, able and necessary to identify the growth, and the notorious increase in business activities, in particular service providers, due to the high amount that come with settling. These facts provide the scenario in many faces add essential values, either by participation in the productive processes, the generation of employment and income to society. Facts which, although not lend a priority emphasis to the issue of development of the region causes heating of the local economy and awakens the interest for new developments, and makes it relevant to change the orientation of public policies that overcome, shall revise the old models, and still outweigh in a limited way, regional inequalities. / Partindo das mudanças em termos econômicos obervados em Aparecida de Goiânia, município localizado no Estado de Goiás, e inserido na Região Metropolitana de Goiânia RMG, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar o seu desenvolvimento. Como reflexo das ideias oriundas dos especialistas do desenvolvimento regional, e à luz dessa produção teórica, nestes buscam apoio. A análise do desempenho é com base nos indicadores econômicos e fiscais locais, capazes e necessários a identificar o crescimento, e o notório incremento das atividades empresariais, em especial das prestadoras de serviços, em razão da quantidade elevada com que vêm se estabelecendo. Tais fatos oferecem o cenário que em muitas faces agregam valores indispensáveis, seja pela participação nos processos produtivos, na geração de emprego e renda à sociedade. Fatos que, ainda que não emprestem uma ênfase prioritária à questão do desenvolvimento da região, ocasiona o aquecimento da economia local e desperta os interesses para novos empreendimentos, e torna relevante a alteração da orientação das políticas públicas que ultrapassadas, revêm os velhos modelos, e superam ainda que de maneira limitada, as desigualdades regionais.

O processo de modernização dos mercados financeiros e de capitais no período compreendido entre 1964 e 2004 é analisado em detalhes, bem como sua correlação com o crescimento econômico brasileiro. São apresentadas, de forma cronológica, as ações desencadeadas durante o período de quarenta anos, pelas autoridades econômicas e pelo Congresso Nacional, para a regulamentação e normatização dos mercados financeiros e de capitais. Na seqüência se analisa de modo detalhado o comportamento da economia brasileira durante todo o período, por meio de um conjunto de estatísticas que mostram os diferentes aspectos macroeconômicos. Esta análise é complementada pelo estudo do comportamento das principais variáveis do mercado financeiro e do mercado de capitais. Discute-se, por fim, a questão teórica das relações entre o desenvolvimento financeiro e o crescimento econômico, mostrando que existe uma relação direta entre o primeiro e o segundo, na medida em que o desenvolvimento financeiro gera crescimento econômico / This dissertation analyses the process of modernization of the Brazilian financial and capital markets and its correlation to the growth and development of the Brazilian economy during the period 1964 to 2004. This dissertation also describes in a chronological fashion, for the past four decades, the policies implemented by the Brazilian economic authorities as well as the ones approved by the Brazilian Congress aimed at establishing the rules and regulations for the Brazilian financial and capital markets. Moreover, the evolution of the Brazilian economy for this period is discussed. A substantial amount of economic data is used to study the different macroeconomic changes that took place during the period under study. Finally, this dissertation elaborates and adds to the theoretical discussion: as to whether or not there is a relationship between economic growth and financial development. This dissertation shows that there is direct relationship between the two, since financial development generates economic growth

This study examined the effects of government expenditure on different components of economic growth in South Africa using quarterly data from the period 1970Q1 to 2016Q4. The six key policy variables employed in the analysis were derived from the Ram (1986) production model and the New Growth Path (NGP), a macroeconomic framework designed to address the main challenges (unemployment, poverty and inequality) facing the economy as a result of its political past. The analysis of the relationship was carried out using the VECM while the findings from the analysis revealed that though there exists a long-run equilibrium relationship among the variables. The long-run estimates showed that aggregate private consumption expenditure and employment-to-population ratio are significant but negatively, related to economic growth. However, the net inflows of foreign direct investment and gross fixed capital formation are negatively related to gross government expenditure. This implies that excessive public capital expenditure might reduce the positive impact of the two variables on economic growth. The study therefore suggests that government should consider increasing its expenditure on the significant variables that support labour and capital development, in order to enhance economic growth in South Africa. / Economics

This thesis argues that the financial sector played a positive, but limited role in British economic growth from 1850 to 1913. It examines empirically the role played by different types of financial institutions: commercial banks, stock markets and merchant banks. To this end, the thesis uses recently developed time series and dynamic panel methods for the econometric analysis, alongside new data on different parts of the financial system. The results suggest that at a national level, the growth of commercial banks had a limited impact on British economic development over the long run, and stock markets had no impact. However, changes in bank lending influenced economic growth to a significant extent in the short term. Growing conservatism in bank lending practices did not significantly increase credit constraints, as had been previously suspected. Findings from new geographically disaggregated data indicate that the spread of bank offices improved the economic performance of English and Welsh counties. Increased concentration of the banking industry did not hinder economic growth, a result that challenges widespread suggestions in the relevant literature. Moreover, the development of provincial stock exchanges – exchanges outside London - did not influence county-level economic growth, contrary to the view that they were important for the expansion of local industry. Finally, this thesis is the first to assess econometrically the role of merchant banks. It demonstrates that their trade financing activities were beneficial not only for the growth of British international trade, but also for that of the domestic economy.

Submitted by William Justo Figueiro (williamjf) on 2015-07-03T11:58:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 23.pdf: 947947 bytes, checksum: 06d4c30cbfbb326f6b1a35c2c21b5583 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-03T11:58:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 23.pdf: 947947 bytes, checksum: 06d4c30cbfbb326f6b1a35c2c21b5583 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-27 / Nenhuma / Houve um aumento da riqueza e uma melhora na qualidade de vida das nações ao redor do mundo, notadamente desde o início do século XX. Neste contexto de crescimento econômico, percebe-se que nem todos os países cresceram da mesma maneira e que aproximadamente uma em cada seis pessoas vive em extrema pobreza atualmente. Uma alternativa para resolver este problema é a ajuda internacional e tem se estudado e debatido como ela pode acelerar o processo de crescimento econômico. Inúmeros fatores são mencionados na literatura como essenciais para este avanço. O presente trabalho debate os resultados de recentes estudos empíricos quanto aos impactos da ajuda internacional sobre o crescimento econômico dos países receptores. Assim, a partir da perspectiva das possibilidades de atuação para apressar o desenvolvimento econômico e abreviar a desigualdade de renda, este estudo avalia o crescimento econômico dos países menos desenvolvidos, sobretudo a pobreza, enfatizando o comportamento do continente africano. A seguir, são expostos os conceitos referentes à ajuda internacional para os países e sua evolução ao longo do tempo, buscando decompor os gêneros de assistência e suas finalidades. A revisão de literatura também contempla diferentes maneiras testadas na avaliação da eficácia da ajuda para os países favorecidos, identificando os métodos e indicadores que buscam elucidar a relação entre ajuda e crescimento. / Since the beginning of the XIXth century the world has been living in an era of economic prosperity and quality of life improvement. In this context of economic growth, there have been different kinds of growth among countries and there are about one in six people in the world that live in extreme poverty. One alternative that has been discussed to reduce poverty is foreign aid and how it can haste this process. The literature mentions several factors as essential to this progress. Thus, from the perspective of possibilities to accelerate economic development and shorten the income inequality, this paper aims to address the international aid as a motivator of progress. Initially, the study assesses the economic growth of less developed countries, especially the issue of poverty, emphasizing the behavior of the African continent. Then foreign aid is delimitated by actors, types and purposes. The literature review also addresses the different ways tested in evaluating the effectiveness of aid in recipient countries by identifying and selecting methods and indicators that explain the relationship between aid and growth.

Submitted by Fabricia Fialho Reginato (fabriciar) on 2015-08-11T23:52:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 SegundaTavares.pdf: 560605 bytes, checksum: 8ee10552b6d266c9dd6fd51da9956e10 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-11T23:52:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SegundaTavares.pdf: 560605 bytes, checksum: 8ee10552b6d266c9dd6fd51da9956e10 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Nenhuma / O objetivo principal desta dissertação é analisar a base que sustenta o crescimento econômico em Angola, abordando os principais gargalos existentes nesse processo e as potenciais oportunidades a serem aproveitadas, visando promover o desenvolvimento socioeconômico do país. Apresenta-se uma revisão teórica sobre o tema do desenvolvimento econômico, levando em consideração a estrutura econômica subdesenvolvida de Angola. Ademais, situase historicamente a economia angolana, fazendo-se uma análise da formação econômica de Angola até o cenário atual. A partir das observações das teorias de desenvolvimento econômico, da estrutura histórica da economia angolana e de um levantamento bibliográfico dos relatórios de agências internacionais sobre a economia do país, determinam-se os principais gargalos que ameaçam o forte crescimento econômico atual de Angola. Além disso, especificam-se as principais oportunidades para que a economia possa deixar o estado de subdesenvolvimento socioeconômico e trilhar, em um futuro próximo, o desenvolvimento socioeconômico. / The main objective of this dissertation is to analyze the base that sustains economic growth in Angola, addressing the main bottlenecks in the process and the potential opportunities to be harnessed to promote the socioeconomic development of Angola. At first, characterized a theoretical review on the topic of economic development, taking into account the underdeveloped economic structure of Angola. Moreover, historically stood the Angolan economy, making an analysis of the economic formation of Angola to the present scenario. From the observations of the theories of economic development, the historical structure of the Angolan economy and a bibliography of reports of international agencies on the economy of Angola, it was determined the main bottlenecks that threaten the current strong economic growth in Angola. In addition, it was specified key opportunities for the economy to leave the state of economic underdevelopment and tread in the near future socioeconomic development.