Orientador: Mara Regina Lemes de Sordi / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T19:24:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pereira_MariaSimoneFerraz_D.pdf: 2403964 bytes, checksum: 66c2306ef3efcc03b92ef8b2a37c99d5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Este estudo analisa as diferentes formas de participação dos estudantes no processo de pactuação da qualidade da escola pública favorecidas por políticas democráticas, como é o caso da Avaliação Institucional participativa - AIP, implementada nas escolas de ensino fundamental da Rede Municipal de Educação de Campinas/SP. Busca-se, ainda, compreender os sentidos atribuídos pelos estudantes às questões relacionadas aos processos de qualificação da escola e às mudanças propostas pela AIP no processo educacional, no que se refere à aprendizagem da participação. O caminho metodológico ancorou-se na pesquisa qualitativa do tipo etnográfica, realizado em três escolas escolhidas a partir de um estudo exploratório de eventos organizados pela política de AIP, viabilizadores da participação dos estudantes no processo de reflexão da qualidade da escola. Procedeu-se a análise documental no sentido de compreender a trajetória dessas escolas na consolidação de seu trabalho de avaliação, conforme proposto pela política de AIP. Foi ainda realizada a observação intensiva dos espaços formais e informais da escola, intentando identificar as formas de participação dos estudantes com ênfase nas reuniões de CPA, Conselho de Alunos e grêmios. Foram realizadas entrevistas com 299 estudantes, distribuídos em 42 grupos, assim como foram entrevistados professores, funcionários e gestores das escolas. As observações e entrevistas tiveram enfoque qualitativo, o que proporcionou o desvelamento das aprendizagens e dificuldades vivenciadas pelos estudantes no processo de AIP e possibilitou a identificação de como estes estudantes concebem a escola de qualidade e, principalmente, o significado que atribuem a sua formação. Os dados indicam que as escolas têm se organizado para garantir o princípio da participação dos estudantes na CPA, mas evidenciamos que ainda existem aspectos que precisam ser compreendidos, a fim de possibilitar uma participação para além de espaços como a CPA, e assim promover uma formação que contribua de fato para que os estudantes se envolvam com a vida da escola. Revelam, ainda, que a política de AIP tem se constituído como alternativa que contribuiu para retirar os estudantes, ainda que por representação, do microespaço da sala de aula/disciplinas, das atividades pedagógicas e da escola, auxiliando-os a entender as questões que influenciam o funcionamento da escola, sua formação e, principalmente, fortalecendo-os para o retorno a este universo. Outro aspecto identificado no estudo é que a concepção de escola de qualidade e de formação dos estudantes extrapola as expectativas presentes nos exames de desempenho, que espelham concepções de educação regidas pelo viés mercadológico. Para eles, a escola de qualidade precisa garantir, por meio de boas aulas e de professores comprometidos, a apropriação e a compreensão dos conhecimentos científicos e uma formação diretamente ligada a um exercício de cidadania que passa, necessariamente, por experiências participativas. Por fim, o estudo sinaliza que a participação dos estudantes pode contribuir para a melhoria do trabalho desenvolvido pela escola quando, em sua organização, a auto-organização estudantil se constituir como um dos princípios formativos. / Abstract: This study examines the different forms of student participation in the process of agreed quality public school favored by democratic politics, as in the case of Participative Institutional Evaluation (Avaliação Institucional Participativa - AIP), implemented in the elementary schools of the Municipal Education Campinas/SP. The aim is also to understand the meanings attributed by students to questions relating to the qualification of the school and the proposed changes by AIP in the educational process, with regard to learning to participate. The methodological approach was anchored in ethnographic qualitative research conducted in three schools chosen from an exploratory study of events organized by AIP policy, enablers of student participation in the process of reflection of school quality. We proceeded to document analysis in order to understand the trajectory of these schools to consolidate its assessment work, as proposed by the policy of AIP. Was also carried out intensive observation of formal and informal spaces of the school, trying to identify the forms of participation of students with an emphasis on CPA meetings, Council of Students and alumni. Interviews were conducted with 299 students divided into 42 groups, and interviewed teachers, staff and administrators of schools. The observations and interviews were qualitative approach, which provided the unveiling of learning and difficulties experienced by students in the process of AIP and enabled the identification of how these students perceive school quality and, especially, the meaning they attach to their training. The data indicate that schools have been organized to ensure the principle of student participation in the CPA, but we noted that there are still aspects that need to be understood in order to enable participation in addition to spaces such as CPA, and thus promote formation which contributes to the fact that students get involved in school life. Also show that the policy of AIP has been constituted as an alternative that contributed to withdraw students, albeit by proxy, the microspace classroom/disciplines, pedagogical activities and school, helping them to understand the issues influence the functioning of the school, their training and, especially, empowering them to return to this universe. Another aspect identified in the study is that the design of school quality and training of students goes beyond the expectations contained in performance tests that reflect conceptions of education governed by marketing bias. For them, the school needs to ensure quality through good classes and committed teachers, ownership and understanding of scientific knowledge and training directly related to an exercise of citizenship necessarily involves a participatory experiences. Finally, the study indicates that students' participation can contribute to improving the work of the school when, in your organization, self-student organization to establish itself as one of the formative principles. / Doutorado / Ensino e Práticas Culturais / Doutora em Educação

Závěrečná diplomová práce se zabývá problematikou Evaluace řízení vzdělávacího na vysoké škole. Cílem diplomové práce je zmapování současného stavu problematiky řízení vysokých školách z odborné literatury světových i domácích autorů a zejména z šetření provedeného okých školách. Práce je zaměřena na zjištění současného stavu evaluace kvality vzdělávacího procesu. Práce přináší přehled doporučovaného obsahu, kterému by měla být věnována pozornost při zpracování plánu na řízení evaluace kvality vzdělávacího procesu a měla by tak pomoci manažerům škol a sloužit jako praktický návod při vlastním zpracování části literární rešerše jsou teoreticky shrnuty požadavky, které jsou potřebné vybranému tématu. Výsledkem vlastní práce je analýza dokumentů týkajících se řízení kvality na vybraných vysokých školách a analýza vlastního šetření.

The diploma thesis deals with the area of quality of further education. It focuses in detail on the concepts of quality of further education, standardized quality management systems at international level (ISO 9000, EFQM Model Excellence) and specific systems used abroad (Swiss model eduQua and German model LQW). The work focuses on specific concepts and proposals of quality education systems developed and implemented in the Czech Republic. The output of the thesis is an analysis of selected concepts (National Qualification System, Project Concept, Quality in Further Professional Education), critical assessment of their form (methods, methodology) and reflection of their implementation into practice and impacts on quality in further education. The thesis links the theoretical knowledge with the practice and on their basis it presents its own proposal of possibilities of solution of system quality assurance in further education. Key words: quality, further education, quality in further education, quality systems, ISO 9000, EFQM Excelence Model

Diploma thesis interests in problems of quality education in Czech Republic. A purpose is found out, whether is administration education on public university superior beyond on private school, and why that so is. Appearances to intricate definite quality education is here this draft aplicate in acceptable on employment market, namely from look of theory human capital and theory of signalling. Attention is finally assembly on comparing wages of university old boy, a number of teaching on university working on chief employment, number scientific rank teaching on chief employment on given school (PhD.) from look public and private school. By other part is shown establishment making quality education near employer forms questioning head-hunters and personal agencies. According to mentioned above criteria would affected compare level education on exhibits private and public universities teaching economics.

The aim of this thesis is to approach a meaning of quality in higher education. The education is perceived as a system where several kinds of investment are transformed into outcomes with an added value. Determining a methodology based on a correlation analysis enables the author to look for links in education systems of selected members of the European Union. These links are interpreted in order to point out the qualitative implications of potential decisions in terms of managing this system both at a central and institutional level. Approaches to quality of tertiary education are presented in order to define the means of quality assessment and selecting a policy of achieving it. The functioning principles of higher education institutions describe the institutions' structure and characteristics. These are complemented with the impact of the European Union initiatives. The properties of higher education are analysed using selected indicators which are assumed to have an influence on education quality. The reasons for their choice are explained and an enouncement of hypotheses is followed by the correlation. The analysis outputs are interpreted and contextualised in accordance to their usability for the stakeholders.

Depuis la fin des années 1950 jusqu'à l'aube de ce 21ème siècle au Cameroun, le débat sur l'Enseignement catholique a généralement présenté l'Eglise catholique à la croisée des chemins. Il s'est agi d'une Eglise confrontée au défi de choisir soit de continuer à placer l'Ecole catholique au cœur de sa mission d'évangélisation, soit de transférer à l'Etat ses œuvres scolaires, compte tenu des charges et des tensions que leur gestion provoque au sein des communautés éducatives. A la lumière de la lettre pastorale des Evêques de 1989 sur l'Enseignement catholique au Cameroun, de l'Exhortation apostolique post-synodale "Ecclesia in Africa" de Jean-Paul II (1995), ainsi que de l'Accord-cadre de 2014 entre le Saint-Siège et la République du Cameroun, il y a lieu de considérer que l'Eglise a désormais fait le choix de la continuité. Cette étude présente une Eglise catholique face à ses responsabilités. En effet, la poursuite de l'œuvre catholique d'enseignement au Cameroun engage cette Eglise à garantir la catholicité de ses écoles selon les normes du droit canonique, d'une part, et à veiller à ce que celles-ci se conforment à l'exigence de qualité posée par la législation camerounaise, d'autre part. En vertu de cette législation, des mesures disciplinaires sont prévues pour sanctionner les établissements privés qui seraient en situation de carence structurelle. Parmi ces mesures figure la fermeture d'établissements d'enseignement par les pouvoirs publics. Certes, ces mesures obligent les autorités ecclésiastiques à assurer la viabilité des œuvres scolaires catholiques en vue d'offrir une éducation de qualité aux jeunes. Cependant, l'application de telles mesures n'est-elle pas susceptible de remettre en question la légitimité canonique de l'Eglise en matière de création et de direction des écoles, une légitimité soulignée au canon 800 § 1er du CIC 1983? L'histoire de l'Enseignement catholique au Cameroun, ainsi que les défis du monde actuel invitent à repenser l'Ecole catholique. Mise au cœur de la mission de l'Eglise, l'Ecole catholique devrait former en se réformant. Les œuvres scolaires ou de formation catholiques sont davantage appelées à être des "lieux d'évangélisation, d'éducation intégrale, d'inculturation et d'apprentissage du dialogue de vie entre jeunes de religions et de milieux sociaux différents" (J.-Paul II, Ecclesia in Africa, n. 102). Une telle réforme passe par une redéfinition des compétences dévolues aux autorités ecclésiastiques, un professionnalisme avéré de la part des membres du personnel en matière de gestion des structures administratives, pédagogiques, financières et pastorales des œuvres scolaires catholiques. En outre, la même réforme suppose une valorisation de l'apport du personnel laïc dans une synergie de coresponsabilité au sein des communautés éducatives vivantes. Enfin, la recherche de la qualité en éducation engage l'Eglise dans un partenariat fiable avec l'Etat camerounais, et ce, par la faveur des avantages bilatéraux que pourraient générer les dispositions de l'Accord-cadre de 2014. / Since the year 1950 until the dawn of this 21rst century in Cameroon, discussions on Catholic Education generally focused on showing the Catholic Church at the crossroads. In other words, the attention had mainly been on a Church facing the challenge of choosing either to continue integrating the Catholic School within her evangelizing mission, or to hand over her schools to the State, due to the various commitments they entail, as well as the misunderstandings which their management brings about within educational communities. Yet, in the light of the Bishops' pastoral letter on Catholic Education in Cameroon (1989), followed by the John Paul II's Post-synodal apostolic Exhortation, Ecclesia in Africa (1995), and also, considering the various opportunities which the Framework-agreement between the Holy See and the Republic of Cameroon, in 2014 could generate, it is obvious that the Church has henceforth made the choice of pursuing her evangelizing mission through the catholic School. This study analyzes the challenges of the Church with regard to her renewed commitment in the field of education. In fact, the continuation of catholic education in Cameroon engages the Catholic Church to guarantee the specific caracter of her schools, by virtue of canon law, on the one hand, and to see to it that those schools comply with the standards laid down by the Cameroonian legislation, on the other hand. On the basis of this State legislation, measures are laid down toward private schools in order to sanction institutions falling below the standards required. Among those measures, there is the closure of private schools by public authorities. Certainly, these measures compel ecclesiastical authorities to guarantee the viability of catholic schools in view of providing the youths with quality education. yet, is the implementation of such measures not liable to challenge the canonical legitimacy of the Church as far as establishing and directing schools are concerned (can. 800 § 1, CIC 1983)? The history of Catholic Education in Cameroon, as well as the new challenges of the world today, invites the Church to re-think the catholic School. Considered as being at the core of the Church's evangelizing mission, the catholic School should strive to form by renewing itself. Concretly, Catholic schools are to be, more than ever before, "places of evangelization, well-rounded education, inculturation and initiation to dialogue of life among Young people of different religious and social backgrounds" (John Paul II, Ecclesia in Africa, n. 102). This, therefore, requires a re-definition of the areas of competence of ecclesiastical authorities in Catholic School matters, as well as proven professionalism in administrative, pedagogical, financial and pastoral affairs. Moreover, the same renewal should involve an effort in value the lay staff contribution through a co-responsible synergy within living educational communities. Finally, a quest for quality in education requires a reliable partnership between the Catholic Church and the Cameroonian State in the field of Education, and this, thanks to the bilateral advantages which the dispositions of the above mentioned Framework-agreement could bring about in the future.

Die unzureichende Schulpraxis ist einer der Hauptkritikpunkte, den die Studierenden des polyvalenten Lehramtsbachelors an der Universität Leipzig vorbringen. Besonders hoch sind daher die Erwartungen an die im regulären Verlauf des Studiums verankerten Schulpraktika: die Schulpraktischen Studien (SPS). Die SPS I sind dabei eng mit einem wahlobligatorischen Begleitseminar verbunden, in welchem die Studierenden Methoden der Schul- und Unterrichtsforschung kennenlernen und befähigt werden sollen, diese bei systematischen Beobachtungen und zur Analyse der Schulwirklichkeit anzuwenden. Diese Ziele sowie die Rahmenbedingungen zur Erreichung derselben werden im Folgenden einer Einschätzung durch Studierende und Dozierende unterzogen. Ausgehend von diesen Einschätzungen, soll zunächst die Qualität der SPS I in Bezug auf ihre Stärken und Schwächen aus Perspektive der Befragten beschrieben werden, um darauf aufbauend Verbesserungsvorschläge zu unterbreiten und somit zur Weiterentwicklung der SPS I als wichtigem Baustein beitragen zu können. Im Hinblick auf die Veränderungen im Zuge der Einführung des modularisierten Staatsexamens, wurden die Rahmenbedingungen im betreffenden Modul angepasst. Die Rückmeldungen aus dieser Studie sehen wir dennoch als wichtigen Beitrag zur Sicherung und Weiterentwicklung der Qualität der Lehramtsstudiengänge an der Universität Leipzig.

Schools are among the most important contributors to human capital development. Over the past few decades, the education sector has witnessed two significant trends that highlight the complex challenges and opportunities that schools currently face. First, there is a growing concern over the quality of the public school system. In response, school choice initiatives have become increasingly common, proposed as a means to introduce competitive forces into the education market, thereby incentivizing incumbent schools to enhance their quality. Second, the impact of climate change on human capital development has become increasingly apparent. The education system is particularly vulnerable to disruptions caused by climate-induced adverse events, such as natural disasters and infectious disease outbreaks, which are growing more frequent and severe. This dissertation examines the consequences of these two important trends, aiming to provide insights into their implications for education policy. In the first chapter, I study the impact of competitive pressures on school resource allocation and the consequent impact on student achievement. Using administrative data in North Carolina, I examine the impact of nearby charter openings on the class structure and the allocation of teachers to students within traditional public schools (TPSs). I find that TPSs experience a significant attrition of teachers and a disproportionate exodus of economically advantaged and high-achieving students to charter schools. Subsequently, TPSs reduce the number of classes, resulting in a significant increase in both class size and the student-teacher ratio. Faced with the dual pressures of enlarged class sizes and the necessity of maintaining school proficiency rates dictated by accountability systems, TPSs undertake measures to enhance the allocation equity and efficiency of teaching resources. This involves a strategic reassignment of more high-quality teachers to disadvantaged students, and the enhancement in teacher-student racial matching. These effects remain consistent after accounting for changes in the composition of both teachers and students at the school level before and after the introduction of charter schools. Exposure to charter schools does not significantly affect the average standardized test scores in Math for TPSs, but it does lead to a noticeable increase in school proficiency rates. The second chapter studies the implications of alternative school choice designs for the equity and efficiency in the allocation of teachers within TPSs. This chapter develops and estimates an empirical model of school choice and school competition to characterize how TPSs reallocate teachers to students in response to competitive forces from charter schools, and the subsequent impacts on the distribution of student academic performance. I use administrative data from North Carolina to estimate the model with standard structural model estimation techniques. I utilize the model to assess the policy implications of expanding charter schools, decomposing the policy's effects into those stemming from student sorting and those from the reallocation of teachers (via the competition channel). I find that expanding the charter school sector effectively enhances equity in the distribution of high-quality teachers within TPSs and reduces achievement gaps, primarily through the competition channel. Additionally, optimizing the matching process between teachers and students can further facilitate allocative efficiency as a result of this policy. The third chapter focuses on the distributional effects of climate change on human capital development, with an acute emphasis on the suffering of the most disadvantaged students. We examine the causal effect of unexpected school closures due to wildfires on student academic achievement and the underlying mechanisms. We exploit exogenous variation in the intensity of wildfire school closures in California between 2009 and 2017 as a natural experiment. We find that wildfire school closures have negative effects on both English language arts and Math test scores. Students with lower socioeconomic status experience larger negative effects from such unexpected closures. Furthermore, we show that school time loss and air pollution are two important mechanisms contributing to the decline we measure in student achievement.

This research focuses on assessing the extent to which the Principles of Aid Effectiveness were followed and translated into action by taking the General Education Quality Improvement Programme (GEQIP) in Ethiopia as an example. Outcomes of the secondary reviews conducted on the selected government institutions and development partners documents demonstrate that these Principles are taken as overarching strategies to guide the undertakings on GEQIP. The study attests that a number of factors influence the realization of aid effectiveness in Ethiopia. These include, at the recipient level, existence of strong national development plans while demanding improvement on absorptive capacity. At the level of development partners, compliance with pledges made on the provision of resources and better coordination is needed. A common country framework to guide the aid effectiveness process including mutual accountably is important. The study most importantly identifies that beyond sector specific reviews, emphasis should also be given to assess the contribution of the Principles of Aid Effectiveness for efficient delivery of support to the GEQIP. / Development Studies / M.A. (Development Studies)

This research focuses on assessing the extent to which the Principles of Aid Effectiveness were followed and translated into action by taking the General Education Quality Improvement Programme (GEQIP) in Ethiopia as an example. Outcomes of the secondary reviews conducted on the selected government institutions and development partners documents demonstrate that these Principles are taken as overarching strategies to guide the undertakings on GEQIP. The study attests that a number of factors influence the realization of aid effectiveness in Ethiopia. These include, at the recipient level, existence of strong national development plans while demanding improvement on absorptive capacity. At the level of development partners, compliance with pledges made on the provision of resources and better coordination is needed. A common country framework to guide the aid effectiveness process including mutual accountably is important. The study most importantly identifies that beyond sector specific reviews, emphasis should also be given to assess the contribution of the Principles of Aid Effectiveness for efficient delivery of support to the GEQIP. / Development Studies / M.A. (Development Studies)