This study investigates teacher cognition and technology use within a context of teaching Arabic to speakers of other languages. Specifically, teacher cognition is examined in relation to early learning experiences, teacher education, classroom practice, and work environment. Following a case study approach, three in-service teachers have been selected to represent different perspectives on using Information and Communications Technology (ICT) in language instruction. Findings suggest that teachers’ cognitions about teaching and learning, and about themselves as Arabic language professionals, shape technology use, determine reactions to perceived challenges, and illuminate differences between practitioners working within the same environment with regard to the integration of ICT into their practice. The research suggests that despite the absence of digital learning opportunities in early schooling and teacher education, these experiences still influence the choice of instructional strategies employed by teachers to support technology use. The study accentuates the role of context as a mediating force, supporting teacher cognition and ICT use, but also creating dissonance between them. Teacher cognition determines the weight that practitioners assign to different contextual factors. While lack of time is identified as the most significant barrier to adoption, peer collaboration is recognized as the most effective enabler for technology integration. Other key factors emerging in this study include institutional philosophy and policy, learning opportunities, and technical support. Conceptual, methodological, and professional contributions are addressed, and potential for further research is identified.

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Submitted by SBI Biblioteca Digital (sbi.bibliotecadigital@puc-campinas.edu.br) on 2017-10-02T11:58:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ALTAMIR GOMES DOS SANTOS.pdf: 9473772 bytes, checksum: 93fbb702acd65733cc1df7d85e87aacc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-02T11:58:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ALTAMIR GOMES DOS SANTOS.pdf: 9473772 bytes, checksum: 93fbb702acd65733cc1df7d85e87aacc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-24 / In a bibliographical survey process with the Bank of Theses and Dissertations (BTD), the various public policies that deal with foreign language teaching, especially English, do not contemplate the use of specific tools for middle school. The learning of a second language in a process of globalization is very important in the development of the subject, and this is why the legislation presupposes the teaching of English to students of basic education in grades 5-8. Considering the mapping of the specific literature, it is possible to affirm that the students' learning has been deficient, even with four consecutive years of teaching English. Similarly, some authors still claim that the teacher is responsible for the students' lack of learning. Faced with the insertion of new technologies in schools, it is necessary to make available to our school institutions, through the formulation of public policy, tools that contribute as a proposal to meet the demands of education and student learning. This research investigated the application of a specific software in a private school in the interior of the State of S?o Paulo, involving two groups of 8th graders, with the purpose of evaluating the referred tool. The research problem was thus formulated: what results, after applying the software, can be evaluated as subsidies for a public policy? The method used was documentary, bibliographic and field study, and the instruments were: two questionnaires and class observation, in addition to the perspective of teachers as interlocutors of this process. As a result, the importance of the English teaching tool was evidenced, which acts as an ally in the daily experience of teaching and learning English, as well as motivating students to practice the foreign language out of the traditional classroom environment. Difficulties were encountered with the connection of the tool with the internet in the first two months of implantation, mainly with respect to the speech device that gave access to the program. / Por meio de um levantamento bibliogr?fico junto ao Banco de Teses e disserta??es (BTD), as diversas pol?ticas p?blicas que tratam do ensino de l?ngua estrangeira, em especial o ingl?s, n?o contemplam a utiliza??o de ferramentas espec?ficas para o Ensino Fundamental II. O aprendizado de uma segunda l?ngua em um processo de globaliza??o ? muito importante na forma??o do sujeito, e esta afirma??o ? confirmada pela determina??o da LDB (Leis de Diretrizes e Bases) para que haja o ensino de pelo menos uma l?ngua estrangeira para alunos da educa??o b?sica de 6? ao 9? ano, que geralmente ? o Ingl?s; e a escolha depender? de cada esfera estadual ou municipal conforme as realidades regionais. Considerando o mapeamento da literatura espec?fica, ? poss?vel afirmar que a aprendizagem dos alunos tem sido deficit?ria, mesmo com quatro anos seguidos de ensino de ingl?s. Igualmente, alguns autores ainda afirmam ser o professor o respons?vel pela aus?ncia de aprendizagem dos alunos. Face ? inser??o das novas tecnologias nas escolas, percebe-se a necessidade de ser colocada ? disposi??o de nossas institui??es escolares, por meio da formula??o de pol?tica p?blica, ferramentas que contribuam como proposta para atender as demandas da educa??o e a aprendizagem dos estudantes. Esta pesquisa investigou a aplica??o de um software espec?fico em uma escola privada no interior do Estado de S?o Paulo, envolvendo duas turmas do 8? ano, com o prop?sito de avaliar a referida ferramenta. O problema da investiga??o estava assim formulado: que resultados, ap?s aplicar o referido software, podem ser avaliados como subs?dios para uma pol?tica p?blica? O m?todo utilizado diz respeito ? pesquisa documental, bibliogr?fica e estudo de campo, e os instrumentos foram: dois question?rios e observa??o de classe, al?m da perspectiva dos professores como interlocutores deste processo. Como resultado, evidenciou-se a import?ncia da ferramenta de ensino de ingl?s, a qual atua como aliada na experi?ncia di?ria do ensino e aprendizagem do ingl?s, como tamb?m motivar os alunos para a pr?tica da L?ngua Estrangeira fora do ambiente de sala de aula tradicional. Evidenciou-se tamb?m dificuldades de conex?o da ferramenta com a internet nos primeiros dois meses de implanta??o, principalmente com rela??o ao dispositivo de fala que dava acesso ao programa.

Foi estudada interdisciplinarmente a autoria coletiva, em ambiente informatizado na Web, de professores em formação (graduação e extensão) da língua inglesa como língua estrangeira. O estudo foi vinculado às linhas de pesquisa “Interfaces Digitais em Educação: Arte, Linguagem e Cognição”, do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Informática na Educação, da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, e ao grupo de estudos da interação dialógica e as tecnologias, do Laboratório de Estudos em Linguagem, Interação e Cognição, LELIC, com base em teorias da filosofia da linguagem de Mikhail Bakhtin. O EquiText, ferramenta de escrita colaborativa na Web e/ou ambiente virtual de aprendizagem, desenvolvido nesta universidade, proporcionou três experimentos: dois, na Instituição de Ensino Superior 1, IES 1, com estudantes voluntários da Licenciatura em Língua Inglesa; e um terceiro, na IES 2, com professores de inglês em serviço. Além do objetivo geral de verificar as possibilidades de autoria coletiva no EquiText, os objetivos específicos analisaram as relações dialógicas que os participantes da pesquisa estabeleceram: i) com o EquiText, em referência a manifestações procedurais-simbólicas; ii) entre si (com o outro), em referência a manifestações interacionais; e, iii) com o texto, em referência a manifestações na construção textual independente da proficiência na língua inglesa. Os pressupostos teóricos foram os conceitoschave: o enunciado, as relações dialógicas, o texto, conforme Bakhtin; e a presencialidade, conforme Axt. Os textos foram analisados em três planos: das ações nas relações dialógicas procedurais, interacionais e textuais. Os resultados apontam para as possibilidades de constituição de um autêntico espaço-tempo de produção de autoria coletiva, a partir da conjunção feliz de, pelo menos, duas condições: um espaço-tempo tecnológico de escrita colaborativa (o EquiText); um espaço-tempo pedagógico constituído pelos princípios da interação dialógica, simultanemente atualizável, nos três planos das manifestações procedurais, das interações entre os participantes, e das relações com o próprio texto colaborativo em construção. O plano da tese abarcou cinco seções: da apresentação (1); da língua inglesa, a língua inglesa escrita, e a língua inglesa e as tecnologias de informação e comunicação (2); da apresentação do autor principal, teoria de referência e conceitos básicos utilizados (3); da metodologia da pesquisa, procedimentos e análises (4); e das considerações finais (5). / On a web-based computerized environment collective authorship was interdisciplinarily researched on teachers who were studying (graduate or extension) English as a foreign language. This study was linked to research lines “Digital Interfaces in Education, Art, Language and Cognition” of Post Graduate Programme in Computer Science in Education of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, and to dialogical interaction and technologies group of studies at the Language, Interaction and Cognition Studies Laboratory, LELIC, based on Mikhail Bakhtin’s philosophy of language. EquiText, a tool for collaborative writing on the web and/or a virtual learning environment developed in this University, provided three experiments: two at the Institution of Higher Education 1, IES 1, with voluntary students from a Languages course – focus on the English language teaching; and a third one at IES 2 with English teachers. Besides the general objective to examine authorship using EquiText, specific objectives analysed dialogical relationships established by research participants: i) with EquiText, i.e., procedural-symbolic manifestations; ii) between themselves (with the other); and, iii) with the text, in textual construction independent from English language proficiency. The theoretical presuppositions were these key-concepts: statement, dialogical relationships, and text, as in Bakhtin (2000); and presentiality, as in Axt (2006). Texts were analysed in three dialogic action plans: procedural, interactional and textual. Results point out to possibilities of the establishment of a collective authorship space-time production due to a satisfying conjunction of at least two conditions: a collaborative writing technological spacetime (the EquiText); and a pedagogic space-time, reinforced by dialogic interaction principles, simultaneously refreshable by participants in relation to the collaborative text under construction, in three manifestation plans. They are: procedural, or the relations between the “I” and the technology; interactional, or the encounter of the “I” and the other; and textual, the “I” and the written text under collective production. The thesis plan comprises five chapters: the presentation (1); the English language, written, supported by technologies (2); the presentation of main author, key concepts used, and a construct to analyses (3); the methodology, procedures, and analyses (4); and, final considerations (5).

Since English has risen as the dominant language in the world, the demand for English language teachers has grown rapidly especially in the last three decades. Hence, English language teacher education has become an important concern in the Turkish national education system, which has forced the governments to implement a series of reforms. One of these was the Foreign Language Education (FLE) curriculum designed by the Higher Education Council (HEC), forwarded to all FLE departments in Turkish universities to be carried out starting from 1998-99. This curriculum was also used for pre-service English language teacher education in the Department of Foreign Language Education at Middle East Technical University (METU). However, a large scale evaluation study was not conducted on the effectiveness of the program or the competence of its graduates. This study primarily aimed at reaching the FLE graduates from 2002 to 2006 to investigate to what extent they perceive themselves competent as EFL teachers and to what extent they find the FLE program components successful in helping them gain these competencies. Besides, it also intended to reach the employers of FLE graduates to explore how competent these graduates are viewed and how successful METU FLE program is considered in serving its graduates gain teacher competencies. For this aim quantitative and qualitative data were collected through two graduate questionnaires, and graduate and elite employer interviews. The findings of the first graduate questionnaire revealed that the FLE graduates perceived themselves competent in most of HEC&rsquo / s competence areas, while the open-ended questionnaire items and interview data demonstrated a need for improvement for competencies of language knowledge, spoken use of English, classroom management, assessment and instruction. It was also seen in these two types of data that graduates&rsquo / perception of their strengths and weaknesses in HEC&rsquo / s foreign language teacher competencies and their need for developing other competencies depend on the level they teach, the type of school they work at and the length of experience they have. Similarly, some of the employers, according to the institution where they have elite positions, indicated a high level of satisfaction with the FLE graduates&rsquo / competence in language and subject knowledge, inclass and out-of class competencies, while some of them emphasized a need for improvement in competencies of language knowledge and use, and putting theory into practice. In addition, although the program was reported to have a strong and positive role on the development of professional competencies in the teacher candidates, it was also stated that the five components and some courses of the program need revisions in terms of their content, methodology of instruction and assessment. Moreover, the need for communication among the components of the program was also expressed, as the graduates mention unnecessary overlaps among some courses. In the light of these findings, some suggestions are made towards program improvement.

Univ., Diss.--Bern, 2005.

England’s long history of education has witnessed many conflicts in regard to language teaching. In this thesis, I investigate the conflicts surrounding two language education reform movements, Language Awareness and Knowledge About Language, during the Conservative administration between 1979 and 1997. The investigation examines official and non-official plans and policy texts produced by various groups and actors, notably Hawkins and Cox, that detail how the teaching of ‘Language’ should be conducted in England’s state school curriculum. The focus of the research is upon identifying what LA and KAL were as pedagogical concepts; why LA was reconstituted as KAL; what the motives underpinning these various plans and policies were; and finally, why efforts to establish LA and KAL were resisted. In the effort to make sense of this history, I draw theoretically and methodologically upon the work of Foucault, Fairclough, Bernstein and Ager. Limitations of my interpretation of this history notwithstanding, my findings revealed that LA was an educational reform movement that emerged from common schooling discourses, and one that sought to improve its educational provision. While LA was originally intended to be a subject in its own right that bridged the English and Foreign Language subject areas, Her Majesty’s Inspectorate reconstituted LA and placed its responsibility firmly within the English subject area. The motives underpinning LA and KAL planning and policy are varied. Those underpinning the policies, however, are distinctly ideological in nature, drawing a strong relationship between language education and democracy. Nearly all motives pertain to what Bernstein calls a competence model of education, the modes of which are notably attuned to addressing inequality and promoting social integration. LA and KAL were reforms that were both ill understood and resented, for varying and complex reasons, by educators and the Conservatives alike. The thesis closes with directions for future research.

Submitted by Noeme Timbo (noeme.timbo@metodista.br) on 2017-01-24T13:18:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Antonio Delfino2.pdf: 2527939 bytes, checksum: 611f0694f684db07916c4d574b9298e8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-24T13:18:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Antonio Delfino2.pdf: 2527939 bytes, checksum: 611f0694f684db07916c4d574b9298e8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-14 / This work, “The Art curriculum – Theater language in the early years of Elementary School in the State of São Paulo”, has as object of study the Curriculum Guidelines and Art Teaching (OCDArte) in the language of Theater, for the 1st, 2nd and 3rd years of Elementary Education of the Education Secretariat of the State of São Paulo (2013/2015). The authors of this curriculum proposal are: an expert consultant in the area of Theatre and an Art Reference Group, constituted by seventeen Art Coordinating Teachers of the Pedagogic Nuclei of the Regional Teaching Directories (PCNP) of which the investigator of this research was part. The adopted methodologies in this research have a qualitative and quantitative character including literature review and documentary research. This analysis consists of an account of the construction and implementation process of the curriculum guidelines that are the subject of this study and that had collaborative authoring proposal; then we set off for a contextualization of the social and political point of these steps; made a brief analysis of its editorial and graphic structure; and finally we focused our analysis on the specific area of our study, the theater language, on these curriculum guidelines for the early years, discussing the adopted methodologies, its teaching resources and its theoretical basis, in order to put into perspective and deepen the different dimensions of the document. Our goal is to understand if the construction process of these guidelines has enabled the participation of all stakeholders, how it manifests the theatrical language in these guidelines, and further contribute to the discussion of this curriculum and didactic proposal, reflecting on its alignment with contemporary design trends of art, education and art learning. We note that the OCDArte, in the language of theater, as it is structured, has an important role in education for the early years, since the preparation of educators in this language is generally insufficient. On the other hand, we notice some gaps in the choices and adaptations of literary works that permeate the studied learning situations, as well as a shy presence of contextualization action and interdisciplinary proposals. / Esse trabalho, “O currículo de Arte – a linguagem do Teatro para os anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental no Estado de São Paulo”, tem como objeto de estudo as Orientações Curriculares e Didáticas de Arte (OCDArte), na linguagem do Teatro, para os 1ºs, 2ºs e 3ºs anos do Ensino Fundamental da Secretaria de Educação do Estado de São Paulo (2013/2015). Os autores dessa proposta curricular são: um consultor especialista na área do Teatro e um Grupo de Referência de Arte, composto por dezessete Professores Coordenadores de Arte dos Núcleos Pedagógicos das Diretorias Regionais de Ensino (PCNP) do qual o pesquisador dessa investigação fez parte. As metodologias adotadas para este estudo têm caráter qualitativo e quantitativo incluindo revisão bibliográfica e pesquisa documental. Essa análise compõe-se de um relato do processo de construção e implementação das orientações curriculares que são objeto desse estudo e que teve proposta de autoria colaborativa; partimos então para uma contextualização do momento social e político dessas etapas; fizemos uma breve análise da sua estrutura editorial e gráfica; e finalmente focamos nossa análise na área específica do nosso estudo, a linguagem do teatro, nessas orientações curriculares para os anos iniciais, discutindo as metodologias adotadas, os recursos pedagógicos e as bases teóricas, no sentido de colocar em perspectiva e aprofundar as diferentes dimensões do documento. Nosso objetivo é compreender se o processo de construção dessas orientações permitiu a participação de todos os atores envolvidos, como se manifesta a linguagem teatral nestas orientações, e ainda contribuir para a discussão dessa proposta curricular e didática, refletindo sobre seu alinhamento com as tendências contemporâneas de concepção de arte, de educação e de aprendizagem em arte. Observamos que as OCDArte, na linguagem do Teatro, como está estruturada, tem um papel relevante no ensino para os anos iniciais, visto que, a preparação dos educadores nessa linguagem é, regra geral, insuficiente. Por outro lado, percebemos algumas lacunas nas escolhas e adaptações das obras literárias que permeiam as situações de aprendizagem estudadas, assim como uma presença tímida da ação de contextualização e das propostas interdisciplinares.