Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:20:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Renata Paccola Mesquita.pdf: 850022 bytes, checksum: c34c66db7e7bf97076d90e4aa0a48fc6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-06 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This paper has the objective of demonstratin, through doctrinal and jurisprudential analysis, the effect of fundamental rights in private relations, demonstrating, thereby, the necessity to harmonize principles considered eminently civilians with the constitutional norm. In this way, we start from the analysis of fundamental rights by inserting them in particular relations with strong reflection on the principle of private autonomy, who is relativize. In this context, it seeks to analyze the jurisprudence of the national courts, in order to contextualize the discussion, bringing out the occurrence of divergence between the judiciary and the understanding of national doctrine. It is through critical analysis of specific cases that it also shows the existence of conflict between rules, with the collision of fundamental principles that must be solved in the pursuit of higher conservation interests, and by considering the principle of proportionality. Finally, through the premises and the conflict between fundamental rights and autonomy, it is analyzed the possibility, or not, to take the family property from the guarantee of rent contract, due to the art. 3, VII of Law 8.009/90, It would lose the protection of immunity, because, freely, offer his property to assure the rent obligation / O presente trabalho objetiva demonstrar, pela análise doutrinária e jurisprudencial, a eficácia dos direitos fundamentais nas relações privadas, demonstrando, com isso, a necessidade de se harmonizar princípios considerados eminentemente civis com a norma constitucional. Para tanto, parte-se da análise dos direitos fundamentais, inserido-os nas relações particulares, com forte reflexo no princípio da autonomia privada, ao ponto de relativizá-lo. Neste contexto, busca-se analisar a jurisprudência dos Tribunais Pátrios, com o fim de contextualizar a discussão, trazendo à tona a ocorrência de divergência entre o entendimento do Judiciário e da doutrina nacional. É pela análise crítica de casos concretos que se pretende, também, mostrar a existência de situações de conflito entre normas, com a colisão de princípios fundamentais, que devem ser solucionados, na busca da conservação de interesses maiores, pela ponderação e pelo princípio da proporcionalidade. Por fim, partindo das premissas levantadas e da conflituosidade entre os direitos fundamentais e a autonomia privada, faz-se a análise da (im)possibilidade de penhora do bem de família do fiador de locação que, em razão do art. 3º, VII da Lei 8.009/90, perderia a proteção da impenhorabilidade ao, livremente, ofertá-lo como garantia locatícia

Instrument d'échange économique par excellence, le contrat n'est pas, de prime abord, le terrain le plus propice à la satisfaction d'un idéal religieux. Il n'est pas rare, cependant, qu'un contractant se prévale de ses convictions et pratiques religieuses aux fins d'y adapter le contenu ou les conditions d'exécution d'une prestation. La tentation est grande de s'y montrer indifférent. D'un côté est invoquée, pour y parer, l'autonomie de la volonté. De l'autre, il est même suggéré de transposer le principe de laïcité aux relations privées pour obliger les contractants à faire preuve de neutralité. Or, ces dernières sont gouvernées par la liberté de religion. Ainsi, la contractualisation des convictions et pratiques religieuses doit être fortement encouragée. En outre, dans le silence du contrat, le juge peut imposer certaines obligations positives aux contractants, au nom de la liberté de religion et du droit à la non discrimination, au terme d'un processus de conciliation. / Prima facie, as the most representative economic instrument, contract is not favourable to the satisfaction of religious interests. Nevertheless, contractors frequently invoke their religious beliefs and practices in order to adapt either the content or the conditions of implementation of their duties. Indifference is sometimes considered as a tempting reaction to those claims. One the one hand, it is referred to contractual autonomy. On the other hand, it is suggested to extend secularism to private relations, for the purpose of compelling contracting parties to remain neutral. However, these ones are ruled by freedom of religion. As a consequence, individuals should be incited to include their religious convictions and practices to their contracts. Morerover, judges should be allowed to impose positive obligations, on behalf of both religious freedom and the right to non-discrimination, after a conciliation process.