L'étude de l'introduction de l'injonction en droit administratif français et colombien nous renvoie aux fondements de l'absence de ce mécanisme juridique en France et en Colombie. Cela permet de faire ressortir les différences structurelles entre ces deux systèmes juridiques. Ces constatations s'avèrent paradoxales, car l'absence d'injonction en droit administratif colombien a été établie sur la base de dogmes propres au droit administratif français et en particulier sur la conception française de séparation des pouvoirs. Or, le dogme colombien selon lequel le droit administratif de ce pays est une adaptation du droit administratif français a déterminé de telles justifications. La présente recherche met en exergue la fausse similitude entre les sources du droit administratif colombien et français. Cependant, cette investigation permet de constater que l'introduction de l'injonction en ces deux pays les a rapprochés, donnant lieu à plus de ressemblances que de différences. En effet, l'introduction de l'injonction, tant en France qu'en Colombie, s'est faite sans générer d'oppositions importantes dans aucun des deux pays. Sa seule consécration en France a modifié le caractère traditionnellement objectif du recours pour excès de pouvoir, permettant que des notions de droit subjectif et de droit d'obligations deviennent admissibles en droit administratif français. Ces notions, quant à elles, n'avaient jamais été exclues du droit administratif colombien. Finalement, la consécration de l'injonction, aussi bien en France qu'en Colombie, permet d'aboutir à une véritable prévention des dommages dans les deux pays. Cette modification est loin d'être anodine, car elle transforme la responsabilité civile extracontractuelle, faisant apparaître, en plus, une revalorisation des droits des particuliers dans le champ individuel et collectif. Ce phénomène devient évident avec la perte que subit l'administration de certains de ses privilèges, dans les deux pays. / The study of the injunction's introduction in the French and Colombian administrative law allows us to realize the lack of such mechanism in France and Colombia, which, at the same time, reveals the structural differences between the two legal systems objects of this study. Such ascertainment leads us to a paradox as the injunction's absence in the Colombian's administrative law system has been based on the French administrative law's dogmas, especially the French concept of the separation of powers. However, the Colombian dogma that claims that their administrative law system is an adaptation of the French one, determined such justifications. This investigation demonstrates the false similarity between the sources of the Colombian and French administrative law systems, but at the same time, it shows how the introduction of the injunction in both of the law systems has drawn them near, creating more similarities than differences between them. As a matter of fact, such introduction took place without facing any opposition from any of the involved countries. When the concept was finally established in France, it changed the traditionally objective character of the appeal by means of the excess of power, allowing the notions of subjective and the obligations' law to be admissible within the French administrative law. These notions had never been excluded from the Colombian administrative law. Finally, the establishment of the injunction in France and Colombia makes possible to experiment real damage prevention inside both countries. This change is no trivial matter as it represents the transformation of the extra contractual civil liability law within the administrative law, showing at the same time a revaluation of the people's rights regarded in their individual and collective spheres. Such phenomenon is obvious when we observe the loss of privileges that each administration experiment in both countries.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-08-16T13:16:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcus Geandré Nakano Ramiro.pdf: 1069894 bytes, checksum: 47984dae807a7160713a2944d0d78b03 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-16T13:16:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcus Geandré Nakano Ramiro.pdf: 1069894 bytes, checksum: 47984dae807a7160713a2944d0d78b03 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-29 / The present work proposes a dialogue among the effectiveness of the law, the formation of the moral integrity and the Brazilian children’s songs, with the purpose of showing the influence of the Brazilian children’s songs in the conveyance of a duty-to be based on the fear of sanction and exempted from the notion of goodness, proposing the need of an integral formation of the individual and of a preeminence of the ethics over the law / O presente trabalho propõe um diálogo entre a efetividade do di-reito, a formação da consciência moral e as cantigas infantis brasileiras, com vistas a se demonstrar a influência das cantigas infantis na condução de um dever-ser baseado no medo da sanção e desvinculado da noção de bem, propondo a necessidade de uma formação integral do indivíduo e da prece-dência da ética sobre o direito

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:24:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Karina Cardozo de Oliveira.pdf: 1521482 bytes, checksum: fdcc90912ef8beb50a1f3eb16e20ec5d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-03 / The purpose of this study is to present and resolve the main legal issues related to a transaction whose practice is of extreme importance to boost the effervescence and the liquidity of the Brazilian capital markets: the stock lending. Initially, we intended to address the development of such markets, since the beginning until the present moment, in order to have a historical background over the environment that the herein studied transaction integrates. Subsequently, we verified the main concepts related to the shares, which are the object of the stock lending, and concluded that due to the homogeneity of the rights and characteristics of a certain type or class of share, in our view, we may consider them as fungible assets. Such conclusion mattered to the development of our legal nature theory over the stock lending, which we classified as a loan. Further on, we analyzed the main characteristics of the stock lending agreement, in accordance with our civil doctrine, and its establishment as a private agreement and as an agreement registered in BTC system. In this respect, we gave special attention to the stock lending agreement executed under share public offerings. Finally, we verified the impact of the stock lending on the entitlement of shareholders rights the essential rights, the voting right and the right to participate in a public acquisition offering in each type of transaction. We concluded that, in the private agreements, all rights are transferred to the borrower, unless otherwise provided by the agreement entered between the parties. In the registered stock lending, the preemptive right for the subscription of new shares, convertible debentures and subscription bonuses, as well as the right to participate in the company s profits remain with the donor, considering that the BM&FBOVESPA facilitates its exercise. This dissertation integrates the line of research Effectiveness of Private Law and Civil Liberties , developed by the Post-Graduate Program in Law Studies of PUC-SP and the research project Legal Protection of Private Investment / O intuito deste trabalho é apresentar e resolver as principais questões jurídicas envolvendo uma operação cuja prática é de extrema relevância para impulsionar a efervescência e a liquidez do mercado de capitais brasileiro: o empréstimo de ações. Buscamos, inicialmente, abordar o desenvolvimento deste mercado, desde os primórdios até os diais atuais, no intuito de contextualizar o meio em que se insere a operação aqui estudada. Em seguida, verificamos os principais conceitos inerentes às ações, que são, por sua vez, objeto do empréstimo em questão, e concluímos que, em razão da homogeneidade dos direitos e características de uma determinada espécie ou classe de ação, poderíamos, a nosso ver, entendê-las como bens fungíveis. Essa conclusão importou para o desenvolvimento da nossa teoria acerca da natureza jurídica do empréstimo de ações, que foi por nós classificado como um mútuo. Adiante, analisamos as principais características do contrato de empréstimo de ações, de acordo com a doutrina civilista, e a operacionalização tanto na sua forma privada como também registrada no sistema BTC. Nesse sentido, dedicamos especial atenção ao contrato de empréstimo de ações celebrado no âmbito de ofertas públicas de distribuição de ações. Por fim, verificamos o impacto do empréstimo de ações sobre a titularidade dos direitos de acionistas tanto os direitos essenciais, como o direito de voto e o direito de participar em oferta pública de aquisição de ações em cada tipo de operação. Concluímos que, nos empréstimos privados, todos os direitos são transmitidos ao tomador do empréstimo, exceto se houver disposição específica contrária no contrato celebrado entre as partes. Já em relação aos empréstimos registrados, o direito de preferência na subscrição de novas ações, debêntures conversíveis e bônus de subscrição, bem como o direito de participar nos lucros da companhia emissora são mantidos com o doador, uma vez que a BM&FBOVESPA viabiliza o seu exercício. Esta dissertação insere-se na linha de pesquisa Efetividade do Direito Privado e Liberdades Civis , desenvolvida pelo Programa de Estudos Pós-graduados em Direito da PUC-SP e no projeto de pesquisa Proteção Jurídica do Investimento Privado

À travers cette recherche, nous avons étudié la violation des droits des travailleurs migrants haïtiens en République dominicaine à la lumière du principe de l’effectivité du droit international. L’étude analyse en profondeur deux aspects de cette violation : la question d’expulsion collective et la violation du droit à la nationalité. En réaction à celle-ci, nous analysons le problème de l’exécution des décisions de justice de la Cour régionale condamnant l’État dominicain. En premier lieu, l’histoire relate que dès l’époque coloniale, des différends survirent entre les deux puissances colonisatrices de l’île - la France (à l’ouest/Haïti) et l’Espagne (à l’est/la République dominicaine) - en vue du partage de cet espace géographique. Ces différends sont transmis comme héritage aux deux États (Haïti et la République dominicaine) issus de la colonisation. Avec le développement de la migration haïtienne sur le territoire voisin, les différends persistent en raison des traitements infligés aux travailleurs migrants haïtiens. Ils sont considérés comme étant des invités indésirables au point d’être qualifiés de problème. Dans l’espace public dominicain, il a été institué l’expression «el problema haitiano». Si Trujillo a tenté de résoudre ledit problème via le génocide, à partir des années 1990, les autorités préfèrent procéder par des vagues de déportations massives réalisées de façon sommaire contrairement au droit international. Par exemple, les garanties judiciaires ne sont pas respectées. En vue de mieux faciliter la déportation, l’État dominicain met en œuvre tout un processus de déchéance de nationalité. Ainsi, au cours des années 2000, les fonctionnaires de l’administration publique dominicaine refusaient d’enregistrer les enfants qui, selon la constitution, ont droit à la nationalité dominicaine. D’autre part, ils ont saisi les documents d’identité des individus qui font partie de cette catégorie de personnes. En réaction à ces exactions, la Cour interaméricaine des droits de l’homme a condamné à deux reprises l’État dominicain. Par contre, dans les faits, ces décisions peinent à être exécutées. Dans l’arrêt rendu dans le cadre de l’affaire des enfants Yean et Boscico, les mesures les plus significatives ne sont pas exécutées. Dans l’affaire des personnes dominicaines et haïtiennes expulsées, en guise d’exécution, la réaction de l’État constitue, de préférence, des résistances nationales à l’exécution de ladite décision. Tant sur le plan politique que sur les plans judiciaire et administratif, le comportement de l’État va dans le sens contraire à l’exécution de la décision de la Cour de San José. Dans les faits, les règles de droit garantissant les droits en question restent lettres mortes vis-à-vis de l’État dominicain. Voilà ce qui permet de confirmer l’hypothèse principale de la recherche selon laquelle la violation du droit à la nationalité des personnes d’ascendance haïtienne en République dominicaine s’explique en raison de l’ineffectivité des règles de droit codifiées par le droit international public. Afin que les personnes d’ascendance haïtienne puissent jouir de leurs droits, nous faisons, entre autres, des recommandations à l’État dominicain, à la République d’Haïti et à la communauté internationale. / This research focuses on the problem of the violation of the rights of Haitian migrant workers in the Dominican Republic. We highlight two key points. The first one is the mass deportation; the second one refers to the violation of the right of nationality. In reaction to this one, we analyze the problem of execution of the decisions of the international jurisdictions precisely, the Court of San José that condemned the Dominican Republic. First, the history shows that since the colonial time, there were disputes between the two-colonizing superpower of the island - France (west, Haiti) and Spain (east, Dominican Republic) - about their part of the territory. Those misunderstandings are transmitted as a heritage to the two countries that share the geographic territory of the island at the end of the colonization. With the development of the Haitian migration on the territory of the Dominican Republic, the dispute increased between the two countries because of the treatment that Haitian cane cutters received. They considered them as unwanted guest and as a problem. So, in the Dominican society, people use the expression « el problema haitianno ». Via his genocide, Trujillo tried to solve that problem, but nowadays, since the beginning of the 1990s, the authorities preferred to organize the mass deportation of Haitian workers and their descents. It is a violation not only of the principles of public international law, but also of human rights. For example, the Dominican Republic violates the juridical guarantees codified by the Inter-American Convention on Human Rights. In order to facilitate the mass deportation, the State creates a process of denationalization. Therefore, during the 2000s, the officials of the Dominican public administration refused to deliver a birth certificate to children who have this right according to the constitution. On the other hand, the official use to seize and/or destroy documents of identity of this category of people. In reaction, the Inter-American Court of Human Right condemned twice the Dominican Republic because of those violations. But the state refuses to execute those decisions. In the case of the girls Yean and Boscico, the key points of the decision are not executed. In the case of the Dominican and Haitian expelled, the State reacted against the decision and refuse to execute it. Here are, among others, the arguments that confirm the principal hypothesis of the research that assimilates the violation of the right of nationality of Haitian migrants’ workers' descents in the Dominican Republic to the effectiveness of the rule of law of international public law. In order to repair the damages caused to the Haitian cane cutters and their descents, we make recommendations first, to Dominican State; secondly, to Haitian State and lastly to the members of the international society.

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