Este trabalho discute e analisa os processos harmônicos utilizados numa composição eletroacústica mista para Flauta tripla e tape denominada "Uma visão dimensional de uma gama tripla". O tape desta peça musical está composto de sons de diversos tipos de flautas étnicas, wind controller e sons de aplicativos para celulares. Os eventos musicais do tape estão construídos sobre escalas mesoamericas utilizadas na música para marimbas da região de Guanacaste (Costa Rica) discutidas e detalhadas por Acevedo (1986). A Flauta tripla executada nesta peça é uma versão moderna da Flauta triple deTenenexpan (Veracruz, México) conforme publicação de Boiles e Lafayette na revista da Universidad de Veracruz, em 1965. Os processos harmonicos e as técnicas estendidas utilizadas na peça são comparados com cinco peças do repertório da flauta doce: Fragmente (Shinohara, 1968), Music for a bird (Martin Linde, 1968), Gesten (Klaus Hashagen, 1966), East Wind (Barry Truax, 1981),e Kage (Roderik de Man, 2000). As composições: Fragmente e Music for a bird foram concebidas para flauta doce solo e as composições Gesten, East Wind e Kage são composições eletroacústicas mistas. As referências culturais inseridas em "Uma visão dimensional de uma gama tripla" também são analisadas e correspondem a objetos encontrados em sítios arqueológicos da Ámerica Central, a arquitetura mesoamericana, os desenhos e figuras geométricas, elementos da natureza e animais das regiões mencionadas, os instrumentos musicais comuns às civilizações pré-colombianas (maia e inca). O uso de diferentes digitações na execução da flauta tripla, o uso de técnicas estendidas, a utilização de amostras sonoras de instrumentos que não necessariamente seguem o temperamento igual e o processamento dos sons que constituem a parte eletroacústica revelam uma atenção especial às questões tímbricas. O resultado geral da obra corresponde a uma ampliação da palheta sonora que se obteria com o instrumento solo por meio da exploração das possibilidades musicais da flauta tripla (execução de acordes, sobreposições de notas e técnicas estendidas) no contexto da música eletroacústica mista. Isso permitiu explorar relações e diálogos entre as flauta tripla e uma ampla gama de sonoridades do tape. / This dissertation analyzes the harmonic processes used in an electroacoustic composition for triple flute and tape called "Uma visão dimensional de uma gama tripla". The tape of this piece consists of sounds produced by several types of ethnic flutes, wind controller and applications for smartphones. The musical events of the tape are based on mesoamerican scales used in music for marimbas from the Guanacaste (Costa Rica) region, as discussed and detailed by Acevedo (1986). The Triple Flute performed on this piece is a modern version of the Tenenexpan Triple Flute (Veracruz, Mexico), as published by Boiles and Lafayette in a journal of the University of Veracruz in 1965. The harmonic processes and extended techniques used in the piece “Uma visão dimensional de uma gama tripla” are compared with five other pieces of the contemporary repertoire for recorder: Fragmente (Shinohara, 1968), Music for a bird (Martin Linde, 1968), Gesten (Klaus Hashagen, 1966), East Wind (Barry Truax, 1981), and Kage (Roderik de Man, 2000). Fragment and Music for a Bird were composed for solo recorder Gesten, East Wind and Kage are mixed electroacoustic compositions. The cultural references included in the piece "Uma visão dimensional de uma gama tripla" are also analyzed. They correspond to objects found in archeological sites inCentral America, to features of the Mesoamerican architecture, geometric drawings and figures, elements of nature and animals of the regions mentioned, and also musical instruments that are common to pre-Columbian civilizations (Maya and Inca). The use of different types of fingerprints in the execution of the triple flute, the use of extended techniques, the use of sound samples of instruments that do not necessarily follow the same temperament and the processing of the sounds that make up the electroacoustic part show special attention to timbral issues. The overall result of the work corresponds to an amplification of the sound pick that would be obtained with the solo instrument through the exploration of the musical possibilities of the triple flute (chord execution, note overlays and extended techniques) in the context of mixed electroacoustic music. This allowed him to explore relationships and dialogues between the triple flute and a wide range of sonorities of the tape.. / Dissertação (Mestrado)

O objetivo dessa pesquisa é uma investigação sobre o tempo e suas diferentes possibilidades de percepção, sob ponto de vista do intérprete, durante a performance de obras eletroacústicas mistas, sejam compostas com difusão em tempo diferido ou com processamento em tempo real. Foram estabelecidas as definições de tempo diferido e de tempo real e suas implicações. Apontamos aspectos da evolução da música eletroacústica e da inserção do repertório para flauta nesse contexto. Aspectos de duas obras de referência, Musica su due Dimensioni de Bruno Maderna e Jupiter de Phillippe Manoury, foram analisados sob o enfoque da questão do tempo diferido ou do tempo real. Tendo em vista as particularidades dos aspectos interpretativos da música eletroacústica, escolhemos para estudar alguns parâmetros de interpretação que incluem a produção das técnicas expandidas e suas peculiaridades de amplificação. Realizamos três análises voltadas para a performance de obras em tempo diferido, Flautatualf de Jorge Antunes, Durações de Rodolfo Coelho de Souza e Parcours de L\'Entité de Flo Menezes e duas outras com processamento em tempo real, Lizamander de Russell Pinkston e Dawnligth de Jérôme Combier / The aim of this dissertation is a research about certain categories of musical time and their different possibilities of perception, from the point of view of the performer, during the performance of electroacustics music composed with pre-recorded tape or live electronics computer processing. We propose definitions about fixed time and real time and also their demands. We point out aspects of the evolution of electronic music and of the insertion of the flute repertoire in this context. Aspects of two referencial works, Musica su due Dimensioni by Bruno Maderna and Jupiter by Phillippe Manoury, were analyzed regarding the question of fixed or real time. Concerning the particular interpretative aspects of electroacoustic music we selected to study some parameters of performance that include the prodution of extended techniques and their amplification peculiarities. Regarding performance aspects, we have analysed three works that use pre-recorded tapes: Flautatualf by Jorge Antunes, Durações by Rodolfo Coelho de Souza e Parcours de L\'Entité by Flo Menezes. And two others with live-electronics: Lizamander by Russell Pinkston and Dawnligth by Jérôme Combier.

Electroacoustic music is often regarded as not being sufficiently accessible to the general public because of its sound-based abstract quality and the complexity of its language. Live electronic music introduces the figure of the performer as a gestural bodily agent that re-enables our multimodal perception of sound and seems to alleviate the accessibility dilemma. However, live electronic music generally lacks the level of detail found in studio-based fixed media works, and it can hardly be transferred outside the concert hall situation (e.g. as a video recording) without losing most of its fresh, dynamic and unpredictable nature. Recent developments in 3D simulation environments and game audio technologies suggest that alternative approaches to music composition and distribution are possible, presenting an opportunity to address some of these issues. In particular, this Portfolio of Compositions proposes the use of real and virtual space as a new medium for the creation and organisation of sound events via computer-simulated audio-sources. In such a context, the role of the performer is sometimes assumed by the listener itself, through the operation of an interactive-adaptive system, or it is otherwise replaced by a set of automated but flexible procedures. Although all of these works are sonic centric in nature, they often present a visual component that reinforces the multimodal perception of meaningful musical structures, either as real space locations for sonic navigation (locative audio), or live visualisations of physically-informed gestural agents in 3D virtual environments. Consequently, this thesis draws on general game-audio concepts and terminology, such as procedural sound, non-linearity, and generative music; but it also embraces game development tools (game engines) as a new methodological and technological approach to electroacoustic music composition. In such context, space and the real-time generation, control, and manipulation of assets combine to play an important role in broadening the routes of musical expression and the accessibility of the musical language. The portfolio consists of six original compositions. Three of these works–Swirls, Alice - Elegy to the Memory of an Unfortunate Lady, and Alcazabilla–are interactive in nature and they required the creation of custom software solutions (e.g. SonicMaps) in order to deal with open-form musical structures. The last three pieces–Singularity, Apollonian Gasket, and Boids–are based on fractal or emergent behaviour models and algorithms, and they propose a non-interactive linear organisation of sound materials via real-time manipulation of non-conventional 3D virtual instruments. These original instrumental models exhibit strong spatial and kinematic qualities with an abstract and minimal visual representation, resulting in an extremely efficient way to build spatialisation patterns, texture, and musical gesture, while preserving the sonic-centric essence of the pieces.

No description available.

Understatements for two-channel fixed media is a four-movement study of the sonic potential of acoustic instruments within the practice of electroacoustic studio composition. The musical identity of the entire composition is achieved through consistent approaches to disparate instrumental materials and a focused investigation of the relationships between the various acoustic timbres and their electroacoustic treatments. The analytical section of this paper builds on contemporary research in electroacoustic arts. The analysis of the work is preceded by a summary of theoretical and aesthetic approaches within electroacoustic composition and the introduction of primary criteria of sonic faktura (material essence) used in the compositional process. The analyses address the idiosyncratic use of the concept of faktura to contextualize and guide the unfolding of the work. The reconciliation of the illusory electronic textures and the acoustic sources that parented them may be considered the ultimate goal of Understatements.

This paper presents the history and the theoretical study of mixed music and focuses on two piano solo works and two mixed electroacoustic compositions for piano and electronics. By discussing the working process and giving the analysis of the original composition Alchemy for piano and electronics, this paper investigates the relationship between cause, source and spectromorphology, reflecting how the concept of energy-motion trajectory are embodied in this mixed electroacoustic work. Alchemy is a mixed composition for piano solo and 8-channel fixed electronics focusing on the gestural play and sonic expression. The live piano part explores the gestural sound played with a slide (cup), paper clip, and objects placed inside the piano. The 8-channel electronics part is mainly derived from the recorded acoustic piano. It extends the sonic potential of source materials and presents the diverse vectorial movements of spatialization.

No description available.

Mémoire en recherche-création / Ce mémoire de maîtrise présente mon cheminement dans le développement d’une pratique en improvisation électroacoustique en direct ainsi que du logiciel Système d’interprétation de modèles énergétiques acousmatiques (SIMÉA). Le projet témoigne d’une approche hybride combinant une pensée autant basée sur l’improvisation libre que la composition acousmatique. Pour faciliter la formalisation des improvisations électroacoustiques faites avec SIMÉA, les modèles énergétiques acousmatiques sont utilisés comme base théorique au développement de modules de traitements sonores. / This master's thesis explores my journey in the development of a software for live musical play and the theoric framework concerning free improvisation made with that software. This project conveys a mixed approach combining free improvisation theory and acousmatic composition. To simplify the formalization of my electroacoustic improvisations made with SIMÉA, the acousmatic energetic models are used as a theoretical base for the development sound processing modules.

Musiker müssen ihr Gehör ständig weiterentwickeln und schärfen. Es ist essentiell für Komponisten, Bühnenmusiker und Musikwissenschaftler, sowohl subkutane als auch offensichtliche Strukturen in der Musik so akkurat wie möglich wahrnehmen zu können. Daraus folgt, dass Gehörbildung eine zentrale Rolle im Lehrplan einer jeden akademischen Institution einnehmen sollte, die eine musikalische Ausbildung anbietet. Die konventionellen Methoden der Gehörbildung wie Melodie- und Rhythmusdiktat oder Stilanalyse reichen jedoch in vielen Fällen nicht aus, um die ganze Palette musikalischen Ausdrucks zeitgenössischer klassischer Werke zu erfassen. Deren Sprache basiert oft nicht nur auf Tonhöhe und Takt, sondern auf spektraler Wandlung und Beschaffenheit. Es besteht daher die dringende Notwendigkeit, sowohl die Rolle als auch die Methoden der Gehörbildung neu zu überdenken. Ein einzigartiges Beispiel einer neuen Herangehensweise findet sich in der französischen elektroakustischen Musik. Der Schriftsteller, Administrator und Komponist Pierre Schaeffer (1910–95) formulierte ein theoretisches System zur Kategorisierung und Beschreibung von Klängen, sein Programme de la Recherche Musicale. Schaeffers Klangmaterialien existierten als Aufnahmen, von denen viele studiotechnisch bearbeitet waren. Dies machte die unmittelbare visuelle Identifikation ihrer Klangquellen unmöglich. Die von Schaeffer entwickelte Methode verlangt daher die eingehende, rein gehörmäßige Untersuchung aller wahrnehmbaren Eigenschaften eines Klangs. Diese Vorgehensweise führt zwingend zu erhöhter Sensibilität gegenüber dem Ausdruckspotential klanglicher Qualitäten, beispielsweise dem allure oder grain – Charakteristiken, die von Komponisten oft übergangen werden. Schaeffers Herangehensweise beschränkt sich darin nicht nur auf das Tonstudio, sondern kann auch auf Vokal- und Instrumentalmusik angewandt werden. / All musicians must develop and refine their listening skills. It is essential for composers, performers and musicologists to perceive as accurately as possible the interaction between low-level and high-level structures in music. Consequently, aural training occupies a central position in the curriculum of all music schools. However, traditional aural skills such as melodic/rhythmic dictation and style analysis are not necessarily suitable to the demands of contemporary musical languages. Such languages are often based not solely on pitch and metre, but on spectral transformation and texture. There is, therefore, an urgent need to reconsider both the role and the methods of aural training in music education. A unique example of a new approach originated from French electroacoustic music. The writer, administrator and composer, Pierre Schaeffer (1910–95) formulated a theoretical framework for the classification and description of sounds. This is his Programme de la Recherche Musicale. Schaeffer’s sound material existed as recordings, many of which were transformed by studio techniques. As a result, visual corroboration of sound sources was impossible. Schaeffer’s method, therefore, demanded the scrupulous examination of all perceptible features of sound by aural perception alone. This process inevitably leads to a greater sensitivity to the musical potential of characteristics often ignored by composers such as allure and grain. Furthermore, Schaeffer’s systematic approach is not limited to the studio but can be applied to vocal and instrumental music.

Starting in the mid-2010s VR's high cost of entry became low enough for consumers and artists to explore and experiment with the technology. There have been a few VR operas developed by medium to large sized teams such as Michel Van Der Aa's Eight (2018) and Alexander Schubert's ⁂ASTERISM⁂ (2021), but no widespread work has been produced by a small team comprising only a librettist and composer. Vessels engages in this process with a libretto written by Bea Goodwin and music, audio processing, visual design, and programming by Christopher Poovey. The first step in the process of creating Vessels was the creation of the song cycle Songs from Vessels for soprano, extended tenor, flute, bass flute, A clarinet, viola, contrabass, percussion, and live electronics. These songs are the basis of the micro-opera Vessels which presents recordings of the songs with live processing alongside two songs exclusive to the opera in a VR environment with immersive projections and audio. The development of an ensemble and electronic work along with a VR micro-opera necessitates the implementation and creation of software. Both the Grainflow and cpDelayNetworks packages for Cycling ‘74 Max are pivotal to audio processing in both versions of the work. In addition to these packages and other programming done in Max, the VR opera version of the work relies on custom scripts and implementations of tools for VR interaction, networking, spatial audio, and procedural animations to create an immersive environment to be shared between a VR participant and their audience.