In the past, hyperlipidemia (HL) has been shown to affect the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of lipophilic drugs extensively bound to lipoproteins, including halofantrine (HF). The present thesis examined the effect of HL on the biodistribution, metabolism and electrocardiographic (ECG) effects of HF in the poloxamer 407 rat model of HL. The HL state caused unexpected changes in the distribution of HF enantiomers. In contrast to plasma, concentrations of desbutyl-HF (DHF) were much higher in highly perfused tissues. Following in vitro incubation of racemic HF and DHF, HF and DHF enantiomers shifted from the lipoprotein deficient fraction to triglyceride-rich fractions in HL plasma. No significant differences were noted in HF metabolism between NL and HL liver microsomes. It appears that both reduced plasma unbound fraction and lipoprotein associated directed uptake of lipoprotein-bound drug by tissues play roles in enantiomer biodistribution. In everted gut metabolism, formation of DHF enantiomers was inversely proportional to bile concentration whereas addition of lipids in the presence of bile caused a significant decrease in DHF:HF ratio of (-)-enantiomers. Pre-treatment of rats with peanut oil had no significant effect on DHF formation in the incubated sacs or microsomal preparations, nor did it affect the expression of intestinal CYP450. The above results were consistent with previous in vivo evaluations showing that the DHF to HF ratio was decreased by the ingestion of a high fat meal. In the ECG study, HL by itself had no effect on the ECG. In HL rats, plasma but not heart concentrations of the HF enantiomers were significantly higher compared to NL rats. DHF did not impart significant ECG prolonging effects after HF administration. The unbound fraction of HF was the controlling factor for drug uptake by the heart. Despite the lack of difference in HF heart concentrations, the QT and QTc intervals were significantly higher in HL compared to NL rats, suggesting a greater vulnerability towards HF induced QT interval prolongation in the HL state. The HL serum resulted in decreased metabolism of HF enantiomers in the isolated primary rat hepatocytes. Studies with LLC PK1 and NRK 52E cells showed that HF is not a substrate of P-glycoprotein transporters. / Pharmaceutical Sciences

ECG measures electrical potentials on the body surface via contact electrodes. Conditions such as movement of the patient, breathing, and interaction between the electrodes and skin cause baseline wandering of the ECG signal. Baseline wandering noise can mask some important features of the ECG signal / hence it is desirable to remove this noise for proper analysis of the ECG signal. This study includes an implementation and evaluation of methods to remove this noise, such as finite impulse response filters, infinite impulse response filters, interpolation filters and adaptive filters. These filters are first applied offline to simulated ECG data. The filter outputs and their frequency spectra are compared to the pure ECG signal and its frequency spectrum using visual inspection and numerical evaluation criteria such as root mean squared error and percentage root relative squared error. The best filters are then selected and applied online to the same simulated data. Finally, these best methods are used to suppress the baseline wandering noise in real ECG recordings using both offline and online filtering. In the offline application, windowing type filters were found to be the most successful filters among the implemented filters. However, a high filter order should be used to produce such good results, which increases the computation time, thus it may not be the best method for online filtering, in which fast computation is essential. Butterworth bidirectional type is preferred for online filtering since it has lower computational complexity, and it produces acceptable results.

Electrocardiography (ECG) is the most important noninvasive tool used for diagnosing heart diseases. An ECG interpretation program can help the physician state the diagnosis correctly and take the corrective action. Detection of the QRS complexes from the ECG signal is usually the first step for an interpretation tool. The main goal in this thesis was to develop robust and high performance QRS detection algorithms, and using the results of the QRS detection step, to classify these beats according to their different pathologies. In order to evaluate the performances, these algorithms were tested and compared in Massachusetts Institute of Technology Beth Israel Hospital (MIT-BIH) database, which was developed for research in cardiac electrophysiology. In this thesis, four promising QRS detection methods were taken from literature and implemented: a derivative based method (Method I), a digital filter based method (Method II), Tompkin&rsquo / s method that utilizes the morphological features of the ECG signal (Method III) and a neural network based QRS detection method (Method IV). Overall sensitivity and positive predictivity values above 99% are achieved with each method, which are compatible with the results reported in literature. Method III has the best overall performance among the others with a sensitivity of 99.93% and a positive predictivity of 100.00%. Based on the detected QRS complexes, some features were extracted and classification of some beat types were performed. In order to classify the detected beats, three methods were taken from literature and implemented in this thesis: a Kth nearest neighbor rule based method (Method I), a neural network based method (Method II) and a rule based method (Method III). Overall results of Method I and Method II have sensitivity values above 92.96%. These findings are also compatible with those reported in the related literature. The classification made by the rule based approach, Method III, did not coincide well with the annotations provided in the MIT-BIH database. The best results were achieved by Method II with the overall sensitivity value of 95.24%.

Thèse doctorat : Images & Systèmes : Villeurbanne, INSA : 2006. / Thèse rédigée en anglais. Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. p. 177-189.

Tez (Tıpta Uzmanlık) - Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Fizyoloji Anabilim Dalı, 2007. / Kaynakça var.

published_or_final_version / abstract / Electrical and Electronic Engineering / Master / Master of Philosophy

Η Τηλεϊατρική τα τελευταία χρόνια αναπτύσσεται ραγδαία. Η άσκηση και η παροχή ιατρικών υπηρεσιών από απόσταση με τη χρήση της πληροφορικής και των τηλεπικοινωνιακών τεχνολογιών μπορεί να αποβεί σωτήρια για την ανθρώπινη ζωή, κυρίως σε περιπτώσεις απομονωμένων περιοχών (π.χ. νησιά, ορεινά χωριά), όπου η πρόσβαση σε ιατρικές υπηρεσίες είναι χρονοβόρα ή ακόμη και ανέφικτη. Ισχυρές γλώσσες προγραμματισμού, όπως η JavaME, οι οποίες υποστηρίζονται από τα σύγχρονα κινητά τηλέφωνα, δίδουν τη δυνατότητα σχεδιασμού και ανάπτυξης χρήσιμων εφαρμογών Τηλεϊατρικής. Στην παρούσα εργασία θα παρουσιαστεί η τεχνογνωσία που απαιτείται προκειμένου να μετατραπεί το κινητό τηλέφωνο σε μια συσκευή καταγραφής, επεξεργασίας, απεικόνισης και αποστολής του ηλεκτροκαρδιογραφικού σήματος. Tο ηλεκτροκαρδιογραφικό σήμα μετατρέπεται σε ηχητικό, μέσω της διαμόρφωσης εύρους, προκειμένου να αναγνωρισθεί από το κινητό τηλέφωνο και έπειτα μετατρέπεται πάλι σε ηλεκτροκαρδιογραφικό, μέσω της αποδιαμόρφωσης, προκειμένου να απεικονισθεί και να επεξεργαστεί περαιτέρω από το κινητό τηλέφωνο. Τέλος, θα παρουσιαστεί το αντίστοιχο λογισμικό που κατασκευάστηκε ώστε να επιτελεσθούν οι παραπάνω λειτουργίες. / Telemedicine is being rapidly developed. Practice and provision of medical services from distance via the use of information and telecommunication technology can prove lifesaving, especially in cases of isolated places (i.e. islands, mountainous villages), where access to medical services is time-consuming or infeasible. Powerful programming languages, such as JavaME, which are supported by the modern mobile phones, gives the possibility for designing and developing of useful telemedicine applications. In this thesis, it will be presented the know-how that is required in order to transform the mobile phone into a device able to capture, process, display and transmit the electrocardiographic signal. The electrocardiographic signal is transformed into a sound signal, through modulation, with a view to be recognizable by the mobile phone and then it is transformed again into an electrocardiographic signal, through demodulation, with a view to be further processed by the mobile phone. Also, it will be presented the software that has built so as to carry out these functions.

The incidence of sudden death during or after squash play has become a source of concern. In order to screen for coronary artery disease, exercise stress testing has been advocated, by the American College of Sports Medicine (1986), for those at or above the age of 45 already exercising or before embarking on exercise. Eighteen veteran squash players (mean age 49 ± 3 yr) took part in the study. Heart rate response was monitored throughout a squash match and for an hour after play. ECG changes were monitored for one hour after squash play. Mean heart rate, throughout playing time was 148 ± 16 beats per minute (range 118 - 168 bpm), representing 86.7% of Predicted Maximum Heart Rate (PMHR). Mean maximal heart rate was 169 ± 14 bpm (range 141 - 186 bpm), representing 98.8% of PMHR. Thus squash represents a very high intensity activity for these players. On subsequent ECG monitoring, no abnormalities were detected. The results of this study confirm that squash is an extremely high intensity sport and that even veteran players play at a level close to their maximal. This level of play did not provoke subsequent cardiac arrhythmias in this small group of players, contrary to an earlier study that reported arrhythmias in one third of a group of younger players in the post match period. / Thesis (M.Med.Sc.)-University of Natal, 1997.

No description available.

Darbo tikslas: Nustatyti intervalinės treniruotės metodu atliktų pratybų įtaką bėgikų raumenims bei širdies funkcinei būklei. Darbo uždaviniai: 1. Nustatyti intervalinio treniruotės metodu atliktų pratybų įtaką raumenų darbingumo rodiklių pasikeitimui, atliekant vertikalių šuolių užduotis. 2. Palyginti raumenų darbingumo kaitos ypatybės, atliekant maksimalaus anaerobinio krūvio mėginį normos ir nuovargio būsenose. 3. Nustatyti intervalinio treniruotės metodu atliktų pratybų įtaką širdies funkcinių rodiklių kaitai atliekant dozuoto aerobinio krūvio mėginį. 4. Nustatyti intervalinio treniruotės metodu atliktų pratybų įtaką širdies funkcinių rodiklių kaitai atliekant dozuoto aerobinio ir maksimalaus anaerobinio krūvio mėginius. Tyrimo objektas: Raumenų ir širdies funkcinių rodiklių reakcija į intervaliniu treniruotės metodu atliktas pratybas. Tyrime dalyvavo dvylika vidutinio meistriškumo vidutinių nuotolių bėgikai (LSU studentai), kurie prieš intervalinio treniruotės metodu atliktu pratybų ir praėjus 15 min. po jų LSU Kineziologijos laboratorijoje dalyvavo fizinės ir funkcinės būklės vertinime. Šių vertinimų metu tiriamieji atliko vertikalius šuolių testus ant Tenzo plokštės: šuolis į aukštį pritūpiant 900 kampu, šuolis į aukštį iš fiksuotos 900 kampu padėties, šuolis į aukštį nuo 10 cm pakylos (Drop jump), taip pat Rufje fizinio krūvio mėginį (dozuoto fizinio krūvio mėginys), 30 s vertikalaus šuoliavimo testą ir po penkių minučių – dar kartą atliko Rufje mėginį. Pagrindiniai... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The aim of this study was to establish the impact of interval training session on muscles and cardiac functional state. The following tasks were set: 1- Determine the influence of anaerobic interval training session on the muscular performance during the vertical jump tasks. 2 – Compare the muscle work capacity after and before anaerobic interval training on 30 seconds vertical jump test. 3 – Determine the influence of anaerobic work-load on dynamics of cardiac indices while performing a dosed exercise test. 4 – Determine the influence of interval anaerobic training on cardiac indices while performing a dosed and maximal exercise tests. Methods. The study subjects were healthy and physical active students (men, n = 12). Before and after the anaerobic type training session performed by method of interval training were tested on physical and functional condition tests. To find out physical conditional were used vertical jump tasks. To asses the vertical jump the force plate with the jump height and take-off time measurer was used. Function condition tests were Roufier test and the 30 second vertical jump test, and after 5 minutes Roufier test was repeated. Main parameters of anaerobic interval training were 5x200m (28,0–29,0) [2:00] or some more repetition. The results obtained during the study showed that muscular changes can be described by registered parameters of vertical jumps indicating that the same result of the jump could be achieved by use if compensatory abilities, i... [to full text]