Global ETD Search

11	Synthesis and Characterization of Benzobisthiazole Derived Polymers Chen, Chien-Fan 29 March 2004 (has links) In this study, two series of polymers based on benzobisthiazole were synthesized. The poly(benzobisthiazoles) (PBTs) have been synthesized by the solution polycondensation of 2,5-diamino-1,4-benzenedithiol in poly(phosphoric acid)s (PPA). The diacids used were systematically varied to find the best for the solubilization of the aromatic heterocyclic rigid-rod polymers. The role of PPA is identified and the effects of phosphorous pentoxide and water on PBT during polycondensation are discussed. Polymer properties such as the inherent viscosity, decomposition temperature are correlated to systematically varied diacids. Finally, the effect of diacid architecture on the synthesis and microstructure of PBT is studied. The results are further discussed in terms of resonance, symmetry, and solubilization of the diacids. Next, we extend the rigidity and resonance of benzobisthiazole for the application as second-order nonlinear optics. Novel nonlinear optical (NLO) polyimides containing benzobisthiazole chromophores have been synthesized. The soluble polyimides containing different ratios of carboxylic acids (COOH) were first prepared and the precursors of NLO chromophores reacted with those carboxylic acids, followed by the benzobisthiazole derived chromophores synthesized at 300 oC under vaccum. The formation of benzobisthiazole was evidenced by FTIR and UV-vis spectra in combination with the analysis of model polyimides. The excellent thermal properties of those NLO polyimides were examined by TGA and TMA. PI-1 shows thermal decomposition temperature as high as 554 oC at 10 wt % loss and a Tg of 324 oC. The amorphous morphology of those polyimides was verified by XRD traces and some ordered alignments were found, due to the rigidity of the benzobisthiazole derivatize chromophores. The electrooptic coefficient of PI-1 (r33 = 5.3 pm/V) was obtained. polyimides rigid-rod polymers nonlinear optical NLO benzobisthiazole electrooptic coefficient poly(benzobisthiazoles)
12	Desenvolvimento de algoritmos numéricos e interface gráfica aplicados à análise de guias de ondas planos através da abordagem de domínio espectral / Menezes, João Paulo Crivellaro de January 2020 (has links) Orientador: Claudio Kitano / Resumo: Sistemas ópticos operando em altas frequências utilizam modulação externa do laser, em especial através de moduladores baseados no efeito eletroóptico linear, onde se aplicam guias de ondas de dimensões reduzidas com eletrodos planares. Assim, é importante e conveniente determinar as propriedades e a distribuição do campo elétrico modulador de modo a conhecer outras características da estrutura, como resposta em frequência e potência de modulação. Neste trabalho, isto foi feito através do método de abordagem de domínio espectral. Contudo, este método apresenta imprecisões em estruturas com assimetria de eletrodos, aplicando-se então o método das imagens, clássico no eletromagnetismo, aliado à técnica de abordagem de domínio espectral. Esta nova abordagem permite a obtenção de funções de base adequadas à análise de parâmetros como o campo elétrico, assim como os demais parâmetros característicos dos guias de ondas planos. Este trabalho apresenta esta abordagem e seus resultados comparando-os à simples translação das funções de base para estruturas simétricas, validando a técnica proposta, bem como se propõe a desenvolver um conjunto de rotinas numéricas utilizando para isso o software Matlab. Através do processo de desenvolvimento das rotinas numéricas são apresentadas as dificuldades e metodologias de solução para implementação do método automatizado. Além de permitir a automatização de todo o processo de cálculo, minimizando a interferência humana, neste trabalho também é de... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Doutor Guias de onda planos Moduladores eletroópticos Abordagem de domínio espectral. Flat waveguide Electrooptic modulators Spectral domain approach
13	Piezo-Electric Ringing in Deuterated Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate Electrooptic Crystals VanTilburg, Ethan James 20 December 2022 (has links) No description available. Optics piezo-electic ringing electrooptic DKDP elasto-optic piezoelectric ringing
14	LOW-LOSS, HIGH PERFORMANCE HYBRID PHOTONICS DEVICES ENABLED BY ION-EXCHANGED GLASS WAVEGUIDES Araci, Ismail E. January 2010 (has links) Robust ion-exchanged glass waveguides exhibit low optical losses in a broad spectral range and they allow integration of several devices on the same chip due to their planar structure. Consequently, they can be a low cost alternative to semiconductors for fabricating various integrated optical devices. Two high performance photonic devices were designed and realized, demonstrating the potential of glass waveguides. The well-controlled silver-film ion-exchange process allowed the fabrication of: i) a highly sensitive biosensor based on optical absorption and, ii) a low loss hybrid electro-optic (EO) polymer modulator with a narrow coplanar electrode gap. The single-mode, channel integrated optical ion-exchange waveguide on borosilicate glass (Corning 0211) is described for broad spectral band (400-650 nm) detection and analysis of heme-containing protein films at a glass/water interface. The evanescent wave interaction is improved significantly by fabricating ion-exchange waveguides with a step-like index profile. Silver nano-particle formation is reduced in order to achieve low loss in the Soret-band (~400 nm). Unlike other surface-specific techniques (e.g. SPR, interferometry) that probe local refractive-index changes and therefore are susceptible to temperature fluctuations, the integrated optical waveguide absorption technique probes molecular-specific transition bands and is expected to be less vulnerable to environmental perturbations. The hybrid integration of phosphate glass (IOG-1) and EO polymer is realized for the first time. The critical alignment steps which are typically required for hybrid optoelectronic devices are eliminated with a simple alignment-free fabrication technique. The low loss adiabatic transition from glass to EO polymer waveguide is enabled by gray scale patterning of the novel EO polymer, AJLY. Total insertion loss of 5 dB and electrode gap of 8 μm is obtained for an optimized device design. EO polymer poling at 135 ºC and 75 V/μm is enabled by the sol-gel buffer layer. electrooptic modulators evanescent wave sensors integrated optical devices ion-exchange waveguides nonlinear polymer devices sol-gel thin film
15	Mesomorphism of Newly Synthesized Mesogens and Surface Morphology of Chalcogenide Glass Thin Films Sharpnack, Lewis Lee 17 July 2017 (has links) No description available. Physics Materials Science Chemistry
16	Integrated Inp Photonic Switches May-Arrioja, Daniel 01 January 2006 (has links) Photonic switches are becoming key components in advanced optical networks because of the large variety of applications that they can perform. One of the key advantages of photonic switches is that they redirect or convert light without having to make any optical to electronic conversions and vice versa, thus allowing networking functions to be lowered into the optical layer. InP-based switches are particularly attractive because of their small size, low electrical power consumption, and compatibility with integration of laser sources, photo-detectors, and electronic components. In this dissertation the development of integrated InP photonic switches using an area-selective zinc diffusion process has been investigated. The zinc diffusion process is implemented using a semi-sealed open-tube diffusion technique. The process has proven to be highly controllable and reproducible by carefully monitoring of the diffusion parameters. Using this technique, isolated p-n junctions exhibiting good I-V characteristics and breakdown voltages greater than 10 V can be selectively defined across a semiconductor wafer. A series of Mach-Zehnder interferometric (MZI) switches/modulators have been designed and fabricated. Monolithic integration of 1x2 and 2x2 MZI switches has been demonstrated. The diffusion process circumvents the need for isolation trenches, and hence optical losses can be significantly reduced. An efficient optical beam steering device based on InGaAsP multiple quantum wells is also demonstrated. The degree of lateral current spreading is easily regulated by controlling the zinc depth, allowing optimization of the injected currents. Beam steering over a 21 microns lateral distance with electrical current values as low as 12.5 mA are demonstrated. Using this principle, a reconfigurable 1x3 switch has been implemented with crosstalk levels better than -17 dB over a 50 nm wavelength range. At these low electrical current levels, uncooled and d.c. bias operation is made feasible. The use of multimode interference (MMI) structures as active devices have also been investigated. These devices operate by selective refractive index perturbation on very specific areas within the MMI structure, and this is again realized using zinc diffusion. Several variants such as a compact MMI modulator that is as short as 350 µm, a robust 2x2 photonic switch and a tunable MMI coupler have been demonstrated. indium phosphide InP photonic switches integrated optics semiconductors multimode interference MMI multiple quantum wells MQW electrooptic carrier induced Mach-Zehnder Electromagnetics and Photonics Optics
17	Interferômetros recuperadores de baixa tensão de meia onda para sistemas interferométricos de luz branca utilizando moduladores eletro-ópticos. / Low half wave voltage recovery interferometers for white light interferometry systems using electrooptic modulators. Silva, Luiz Pinheiro Cordovil da 01 August 2011 (has links) O trabalho tem por objetivo o estudo e o desenvolvimento de interferômetros recuperadores com baixa tensão de meia onda utilizando moduladores eletro-ópticos para serem aplicados em sistemas Interferométricos de luz branca. Ele dá continuidade às pesquisas do autor em seu mestrado, em que foi desenvolvido e testado um sistema de sensoriamento eletro-óptico capaz de medir diretamente tensões de até 69,4 kVRMS. Desta forma aperfeiçoa-se o sistema de processamento de sinais ópticos desenvolvendo um novo interferômetro recuperador, baseado em óptica integrada. Para o desenvolvimento do tema proposto, inicialmente foi feito uma revisão da literatura/bibliografia, baseada em livros, artigos e teses, visando identificar o \"estado da arte\" relacionado aos moduladores eletro-ópticos para definir o tipo de modulador mais adequado à aplicação em vista. O estudo resultou na escolha de um componente em óptica integrada que foi aplicado numa configuração inédita em um protótipo de transformador de potencial óptico para medição de elevados níveis de tensão elétrica. As características de desempenho deste protótipo foram comparadas com as do protótipo previamente construído. Como resultado deste trabalho, amplia-se o conhecimento e fixa-se em âmbito nacional o domínio sobre as técnicas de construção de interferômetros recuperadores baseados em óptica integrada aplicáveis à recuperação de sinais ópticos em sistemas interferométricos para medição de altas tensões. / This work has as objective the study and development of low half-wave voltage recovery interferometers using electro-optical modulators to be applied to white light interferometric systems. This work is a continuation in the research carried out by the author to obtain his master degree, in which it was developed and tested an electro- optic sensing system capable to measure direct voltage to 69.4 kVrms. In the present work the optical signals processing system is improved by developing a new recovery interferometer based on integrated optics. To develop the proposed subject, initially a review of the literature, based on books, articles and thesis, has been done aiming to identify the State of the Art related to electro-optic modulators and helping to define the most suitable type of modulator for the desired application. The study resulted in the selection of an integrated optical device arranged in an unpublished configuration that was applied to a prototype of optical voltage transformer, intended to measure high voltage levels. The performance of this prototype was compared with a previous version. The results of this work increase the knowledge of the construction techniques of recovery interferometers based on integrated optic devices applicable to the recovering of optical signals in interferometric systems for high voltage measurement. Efeito Pockels Electronic signal processing Electrooptic modulators Electrooptic sensors High-voltage measurements Integrated optics Interferometria de luz branca Medida de altas tensões Moduladores eletro-ópticos Óptica integrada Optical fiber sensors Optical signal processing Pockels effect Processamento eletrônico de sinais Processamento óptico de sinais Sensores a fibras ópticas Sensores eletro-ópticos White light interferometry
18	Interferômetros recuperadores de baixa tensão de meia onda para sistemas interferométricos de luz branca utilizando moduladores eletro-ópticos. / Low half wave voltage recovery interferometers for white light interferometry systems using electrooptic modulators. Luiz Pinheiro Cordovil da Silva 01 August 2011 (has links) O trabalho tem por objetivo o estudo e o desenvolvimento de interferômetros recuperadores com baixa tensão de meia onda utilizando moduladores eletro-ópticos para serem aplicados em sistemas Interferométricos de luz branca. Ele dá continuidade às pesquisas do autor em seu mestrado, em que foi desenvolvido e testado um sistema de sensoriamento eletro-óptico capaz de medir diretamente tensões de até 69,4 kVRMS. Desta forma aperfeiçoa-se o sistema de processamento de sinais ópticos desenvolvendo um novo interferômetro recuperador, baseado em óptica integrada. Para o desenvolvimento do tema proposto, inicialmente foi feito uma revisão da literatura/bibliografia, baseada em livros, artigos e teses, visando identificar o \"estado da arte\" relacionado aos moduladores eletro-ópticos para definir o tipo de modulador mais adequado à aplicação em vista. O estudo resultou na escolha de um componente em óptica integrada que foi aplicado numa configuração inédita em um protótipo de transformador de potencial óptico para medição de elevados níveis de tensão elétrica. As características de desempenho deste protótipo foram comparadas com as do protótipo previamente construído. Como resultado deste trabalho, amplia-se o conhecimento e fixa-se em âmbito nacional o domínio sobre as técnicas de construção de interferômetros recuperadores baseados em óptica integrada aplicáveis à recuperação de sinais ópticos em sistemas interferométricos para medição de altas tensões. / This work has as objective the study and development of low half-wave voltage recovery interferometers using electro-optical modulators to be applied to white light interferometric systems. This work is a continuation in the research carried out by the author to obtain his master degree, in which it was developed and tested an electro- optic sensing system capable to measure direct voltage to 69.4 kVrms. In the present work the optical signals processing system is improved by developing a new recovery interferometer based on integrated optics. To develop the proposed subject, initially a review of the literature, based on books, articles and thesis, has been done aiming to identify the State of the Art related to electro-optic modulators and helping to define the most suitable type of modulator for the desired application. The study resulted in the selection of an integrated optical device arranged in an unpublished configuration that was applied to a prototype of optical voltage transformer, intended to measure high voltage levels. The performance of this prototype was compared with a previous version. The results of this work increase the knowledge of the construction techniques of recovery interferometers based on integrated optic devices applicable to the recovering of optical signals in interferometric systems for high voltage measurement. Efeito Pockels Interferometria de luz branca Medida de altas tensões Moduladores eletro-ópticos Óptica integrada Processamento eletrônico de sinais Processamento óptico de sinais Sensores a fibras ópticas Sensores eletro-ópticos Electronic signal processing Electrooptic modulators Electrooptic sensors High-voltage measurements Integrated optics Optical fiber sensors Optical signal processing Pockels effect White light interferometry
19	Étude et réalisation d'un système instrumental de stabilisation d'un modulateur électrooptique : application à l'amélioration du comportement d'un oscillateur optoélectronique / Characterization of an electro-optical modulator, drift compensation of its transfer function : application to improve the operation of an optoelectronic oscillator Bui, Dang Thanh 09 June 2011 (has links) Les modulateurs electro-optiques (EOM) sont des composants importants dans les systemes de telecommunication. Malheureusement, ils ne sont pas parfaitement stables dans Ie temps et leur fonction de transfert (TF) a tendance a se decaler durant Ie temps d'operation. La derive de la TF d'un EOM peut etre expliquee par des effets differents tels que les changements de la temperature ambiante, de la polarisation ou de l'efficacite de couplage optique. La these presente une methode de me sure de la derive de la TF de I'EOM (a grace d'estimation du comportement non-linearite du modulateur, NLl), et propose deux systemes instrumentaux pour ameliorer son fonctionnement: Ie premier pour contraler la temperature de l'EOM, il est possible de forcement reduire cette derive, Ie deuxieme pour compenser la derive (la stabilisation du point de fonctionnement autour du point quadrature est obtenue jusqu'au 0,22% ou la fluctuation de phase est de 0,44°). Ces techniques ont ete aussi appliquees pour ameliorer Ie comportement d'un oscillateur optoelectronique haute frequence. Nous avons realise les experiences par asservissement de temperature, par compensation de la derive. Pour une stabilite de I'OEO a court terme, la stabilisation de la frequence est amelioree jusqu'a 28% en utilisant un contrale de temperature seule etjusqu'a 71 % avec les deux processus. Pour une stabilite de l'OEO a long terme, en deux cas sans contra Ie, I'OEO fonctionne pendant 3 heures et pendant 1,6 heure (puis I'OEO ne marche plus). En utilisant une compensation de la derive de la TF de I'EOM, l'OEO fonctionne bien meme apres 7 heures et 8 heures. / Electro-optic modulators (EOM) are important components in telecommunication systems. Unfortunately, there are some physical effects like ambient temperature variations, polarization and inherent photorefractive coefficient which are due to the drift of EOM transfer function (TF). The thesis presents a method for measuring the drift of the TF of EOM (based on a nonlinearity behavior of modulator - NLl), and propose two instrumentation systems to improve their operations: one to control the temperature of EOM, it is possible to significantly reduce the drift, the second to compensate the drift (the bias point stabilization around the quadrature point is obtained up to 0.22% or the phase fluctuation is 0.44°). These techniques have been applied to improve the behavior of an optoelectronic oscillator high frequency. Four experiments are carried out by controlling the EOM temperature and by compensating the EOM drift. For a short-term stability of OEO, the stabilization of the frequency is obtained with 28% with using a temperature control, up to 71 % with the two techniques. For a long-term stability of OEO, in cases without any control, the OEO has worked for 3 hours and for 1.6 hours (then, the OEO does not work anymore). By using the drift compensation of the EOM FT, the OEO has correctly worked even more than 7 hours and 8 hours. Modulateur électro-optique Fonction de transfert Point de fonctionnement Régulateur PID numérique Contrôle de température Non-linéarité Compensation de la dérive Oscillateur optoélectronique Electrooptic modulator Transfer function Bias point Digital PID Temperature control Nonlinearity Drifts compensation Optoelectronic oscillator
20	Untersuchung photorefraktiver Materialien mittels optischer Ptychographie / Investigation of photorefractive materials using optical ptychography Bernert, Constantin 05 January 2017 (has links) (PDF) In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird die neuartige Mikroskopiemethode der Ptychographie für die Untersuchung photorefraktiver Materialien genutzt. Photorefraktive Materialien zeichnen sich durch die Generation lichtinduzierter Brechungsindexänderungen aus. Die Ptychographie bietet die Möglichkeit, neben der generierten Brechungsindexänderung im photorefraktiven Material auch die für die Generation genutzte Intensitätsverteilung des Laserstrahls zu bestimmen. Es wird sowohl die Abhängigkeit der Brechungsindexänderung von der Zeit der Generation als auch die Abhängigkeit von der Polarisation des Lasers gemessen. Durch den Vergleich der gewonnenen Werte mit einer numerischen Simulation des photorefraktiven Effekts werden mikroskopische Parameter der lichtinduzierten Ladungswanderung ermittelt. Zudem wird aus der polarisationsabhängigen ptychographischen Messung das Raumladungsfeld und die korrespondierende Ladungsdichte im Material berechnet. Die Ptychographie liefert damit einen neuen Zugang zum quantitativen Verständnis der Photorefraktivität. / In the present thesis the novel microscopy technique of ptychography is applied to the investigation of photorefractive materials. Photorefractive materials exhibit a change of the refractive index due to the exposure to light. The method of ptychography determines the refractive index change of the material together with the intensity distribution of the laser beam that was used for its generation. In one part of the experiment the time dependence of the refractive index change versus the generation time is investigated, in the other part of the experiment the dependence of the refractive index change to the polarisation of the laser beam is examined. Microscopic parameters of the photorefractive charge migration are determined with the utilisation of a numerical simulation of the photorefractive effect and its comparison with the measurement. Finally, the whole space charge field with the corresponding space charge density is calculated from a set of ptychographic measurements of one refractive index change with different polarisation directions of the laser. The presented experiments and their evaluation show, that the method of ptychography opens a new possibility for a quantitative understanding of the photorefractive effect. Photorefraktivität photorefraktiv Photorefraktiver Effekt photorefraktives photorefraktiver photorefraktive lichtinduziert lichtinduzierte lichtinduzierter lichtinduziertes Lithiumniobat LiNbO3 LiNbO3:Fe linbo3 linbo3:fe Ladungstransport Brechungsindexänderung Brechungsindexänderungen Raumladungsfeld elektrooptischer Effekt Pockels Effekt photovoltaischer Effekt photovoltaische Stromdichte photovoltaische photovoltaischer Photovoltaik photovoltaissches Ptychographie ptychographisch ptychographische ptychographisches Interferometrie interferometrisch interferometrische interferometrische Untersuchung interferometrisches Holographie holographisches holographische holographische Untersuchung digitale Holographie photorefractive effect photorefractive photo refractive light-induced lightinduced light induced Lithium niobate Lithiumniobate LiNbO3 LiNbO3:Fe linbo3 linbo3:fe charge transport chargetransport refractive index change refractive index changes space charge field electrooptic effect electrooptic Pockels effect photovoltaic effect photovoltaic current photovoltaic ptychography ptychographic interferometry interferometric holography holographic digital holography ddc:530 rvk:VG 8600 Photorefraktivität Photorefraktiver Effekt Lithiumniobat Ladungstransport Brechungsindexänderung elektrooptischer Effekt Pockels Effekt photovoltaischer Effekt photovoltaische Stromdichte Photovoltaik Ptychographie Interferometrie Holographie digitale Holographie Photorefractive Effect Lithium niobate charge transport charge migration refractive index change electrooptic effect Pockels effect photovoltaic effect photovoltaic current ptychography interferometry holography digital holography

Search results